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In this study, microdosimetric energy distributions of secondary charged particles from the 10B(n,α)7Li reaction in boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT) field were calculated using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS). The PHITS simulation was performed to reproduce the geometrical set-up of an experiment that measured the microdosimetric energy distributions at the Kyoto University Reactor where two types of tissue-equivalent proportional counters were used, one with A-150 wall alone and another with a 50-ppm-boron-loaded A-150 wall. It was found that the PHITS code is a useful tool for the simulation of the energy deposited in tissue in BNCT based on the comparisons with experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Determines if the polymorphononuclear leukocyte (PMN) is a major causative agent for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury and responsible for the excess production of superoxide anion in the lung. Index of pulmonary capillary damage; Influence of LPS-induced nitrogen oxide on the measurement of superoxide anion; Increase in PMN accumulation in the lung tissue; Characteristics of isolated phagocytes.

An NO-selective electrode was developed as an easily applicable tool for a real-time nitric oxide (NO) measurement. The working electrode (0.2 mm diam) was made from Pt/Ir alloy coated with a three-layered membrane. The counterelectrode was made from a carbon fiber. When a stable NO donor, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine, was applied, the electrode current increased in a dose-dependent fashion. The current and calculated NO concentration showed a linear relationship in the range from 0.2 nM (S/N = 1) to 1 µM of NO. The response of the electrode was 1.14 ± 0.09 s. The effects of temperature, pH, and chemicals other than NO on the electrode current were also evaluated. Electrodes which were placed in the luminal side of rat aortic rings exhibited 30 pA of current due to NO generation induced by the addition of 10[sup -6] M of acetylcholine. The current was eliminated in the presence of 50 µM N[sup G]-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of NO synthase. Thus, this NO-selective electrode is applicable to real-time NO assay in biological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]