1. Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and COVID-19 Vulnerability during the Omicron Pandemic in Patients with CLL: Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Study.
- Author
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Mauro, Francesca R., Giannarelli, Diana, Galluzzo, Clementina M., Visentin, Andrea, Frustaci, Anna M., Sportoletti, Paolo, Vitale, Candida, Reda, Gianluigi, Gentile, Massimo, Levato, Luciano, Murru, Roberta, Armiento, Daniele, Molinari, Maria C., Proietti, Giulia, Pepe, Sara, De Falco, Filomena, Mattiello, Veronica, Barabino, Luca, Amici, Roberta, and Coscia, Marta
- Subjects
CHRONIC lymphocytic leukemia ,COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,GENETIC mutation ,COVID-19 vaccines ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability ,DISEASES ,SEROLOGY ,CANCER patients ,SEVERITY of illness index ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,VIRAL antibodies ,ODDS ratio ,COVID-19 pandemic ,LONGITUDINAL method ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Simple Summary: We prospectively analyzed COVID-19 morbidity and severity in 200 consecutive patients with CLL. Increased COVID-19 morbidity was observed in vaccinated patients with CLL. With a median follow-up of 23.4 months, 41% of patients experienced COVID-19. Most patients, 36.5%, experienced COVID-19 during the Omicron pandemic, 26% of patients were hospitalized, and 4% died. Moreover, 10% had re-infections. In multivariate analysis of elderly patients, TP53 disrupted, heavily pre-treated, and those in early treatment with targeted agents showed increased vulnerability to COVID-19. Given the persistent risk of infection due to the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, our results support the importance of new vaccines and protective measures to prevent and mitigate COVID-19 in patients with CLL. High morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 were described in the pre-vaccination era in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). To evaluate COVID-19 morbidity after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, we carried out a prospective study in 200 CLL patients. The median age of patients was 70 years; 35% showed IgG levels ≤ 550 mg/dL, 61% unmutated IGHV, and 34% showed TP53 disruption. Most patients, 83.5%, were previously treated, including 36% with ibrutinib and 37.5% with venetoclax. The serologic response rates to the second and third dose of the vaccine were 39% and 53%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 23.4 months, 41% of patients experienced COVID-19, 36.5% during the Omicron pandemic, and 10% had subsequent COVID-19 events. Severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization was recorded in 26% of patients, and 4% died. Significant and independent factors associated with the response to the vaccine and vulnerability to COVID-19 were age (OR: 0.93; HR: 0.97) and less than 18 months between the start of targeted agents and vaccine (OR: 0.17; HR: 0.31). TP53 mutation and ≥two prior treatments also emerged as significant and independent factors associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19 (HR: 1.85; HR: 2.08). No statistical difference in COVID-19 morbidity was found in patients with or without antibody response to the vaccine (47.5% vs. 52.5%; p = 0.21). Given the persistent risk of infection due to the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, our results support the importance of new vaccines and protective measures to prevent and mitigate COVID-19 in CLL patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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