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Background: The clinical value of postoperative adjuvant therapy (PAT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of PAT with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and anti-PD-1 antibodies on the surgical outcomes of HCC patients with high-risk recurrent factors (HRRFs). Methods: HCC patients who underwent radical hepatectomy at Tongji Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively enrolled, and those with HRRFs were divided into PAT group and non-PAT group. Recurrencefree survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups after propensity score matching (PSM). Prognostic factors associated with RFS and OS were determined by Cox regression analysis, and subgroup analysis was also conducted. Results: A total of 250 HCC patients were enrolled, and 47 pairs of patients with HRRFs in the PAT and non-PAT groups were matched through PSM. After PSM, the 1- and 2-year RFS rates in the two groups were 82.1% vs. 40.0% (P < 0.001) and 54.2% vs. 25.1% (P = 0.012), respectively. The corresponding 1- and 2-year OS rates were 95.4% vs. 69.8% (P = 0.001) and 84.3% vs. 55.5% (P = 0.014), respectively. Multivariable analyses indicated that PAT was an independent factor related to improving RFS and OS. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that HCC patients with tumor diameter > 5 cm, satellite nodules, or vascular invasion could significantly benefit from PAT in RFS and OS. Common grade 1-3 toxicities, such as pruritus (44.7%), hypertension (42.6%), dermatitis (34.0%), and proteinuria (31.9%) were observed, and no grade 4/5 toxicities or serious adverse events occurred in patients receiving PAT. Conclusions: PAT with TKIs and anti-PD-1 antibodies could improve surgical outcomes for HCC patients with HRRFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The efficacies of anatomical resection (AR) and non-anatomical resection (NAR) in the treatment of combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the prognostic outcomes of AR with those of NAR for cHCC-CCA. Method: Patients diagnosed with pathology-confirmed cHCC-CCA, and who underwent curative resection at Tongji hospital between January 2010 and December 2019 were included in this retrospective study. A one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to compare the longterm outcomes of AR to those of NAR. Results: A total of 105 patients were analyzed, of whom 48 (45.7%) and 57 (54.3%) underwent AR and NAR, respectively. There were no significant differences in short-term outcomes between the two groups, including duration of postoperative hospital stay, the incidence of perioperative complications, and incidence of 30-day mortality. However, both, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of AR were significantly better than those of NAR (40.5% vs. 22.4%, P=0.002; and 37.3% vs. 14.4%, P=0.002, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that NAR, multiple tumors, larger-sized tumors (>5 cm), cirrhosis, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion were independent risk factors for poor prognoses. Stratified analysis demonstrated similar outcomes following AR versus NAR for patients with tumors > 5cm in diameter, while AR had better survival than NAR in patients with tumors =5 cm in diameter. After PSM, when 34 patients from each group were matched, the 5-year OS and RFS rates of AR were still better than those of NAR. Conclusion: Patients with cHCC-CCA who underwent AR had better longterm surgical outcomes than those who underwent NAR, especially for those with tumors =5 cm in diameter. However, no differences in the risk of surgical complications were detected between the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) potently affect hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the miRNA expression profiling in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of familial aggregation and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has not been elucidated. In the present study, the plasma miRNA expression profiles of 3 patients with HCC with familial aggregation of HCC and HBV infection and 1 healthy volunteer were examined by microarray analysis, in order to identify relevant miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of HCC with familial aggregation and HBV infection. The results indicated that 26 miRNAs exhibited a ≥20‑fold increase or decrease in the plasma of patients with HCC, compared with the healthy control (24 upregulated and 2 downregulated). Among these altered miRNAs, 15 of them have been reported in HCC. The other 11 miRNAs have never been reported in HCC. These differentially‑expressed miRNAs may be potential molecular markers for HCC pathogenesis and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and cirrhosis is the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma and adversely affects surgical outcomes. Liver resection, liver transplantation, and local ablation are potentially curative therapies for early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There exists an obvious histological variability of severity within cirrhosis which has different clinical stages. For patients with Child-Pugh B cirrhosis and/or portal hypertension and HCC within Milan criteria, consensus guidelines suggest that liver transplantation is the best treatment of choice; liver resection is widely accepted as first-line treatment for patients with early-stage HCC and preserved liver function; and local ablation is the treatment of choice in patients with small tumors who are not candidates for surgery or can be used as a temporary treatment during the waiting period for transplantation. For patients with compensated cirrhosis or Child A cirrhosis, the selection of surgical modality based on subclassification of cirrhosis remains unclear. This review examines the current status of the selection of surgical modality for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in cirrhotic patients and aims to emphasize the effects of the severity of cirrhosis on the selection of surgical modality for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]