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The Ninety East Ridge in the Indian Ocean has complex and unique characteristics. The concentrations and distribution characteristics of 10 trace metals (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and U) in seawater from the Ninety East Ridge in the Indian Ocean were investigated. Results show that the average concentrations of different trace metals in all the collected seawater samples were 1.134 µg/L for V, 0.158 µg/L for Cr, 0.489 µg/L for Mn, 0.427 µg/L for Fe, 0.011 µg/L for Co, 0.395 µg/L for Ni, 0.403 µg/L for Cu, 0.097 µg/L for Cd, 0.139 µg/L for Pb, and 3.470 µg/L for U. Differences in the horizontal and vertical distributions of all measured trace metals were revealed, and the occurrence of high concentrations was nonuniform. In addition, the significant differences in the concentration distribution of different trace metals in seawater on both sides of the Ninety East Ridge present regional segmentation in the area for various trace metals in deep sea water. This study provided basic data for future investigations on the environmental and ecological impact of trace metals in the Indian Ocean and the potential water mass transport mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron and steel industry emits a large amount of CO2 and SO2 in the process of steelmaking, and these acid gases lead to the serious corrosion damage of concrete structures. In this paper, the environmental characteristics and corrosion degree of concrete in a 41-year-old steelworks were investigated, and the neutralization life prediction of the concrete structure was carried out. The results showed that the temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and SO2 concentration in the steelworks were 1.32, 0.62, 1.28, and 13.93 times higher than those of the general atmospheric environment, respectively. These environmental characteristics in various sections were significantly different. The appearance change of concrete in the ingot casting bay was more serious than that of concrete in the billet bay. Both the compressive strength of concrete in the ingot casting bay and billet bay decreased, and the strength in the billet bay was relatively low. The neutralization depth of concrete in the ingot casting bay was 2.35 times larger than that of concrete in the billet bay. The prediction model of concrete neutralization depth was established, and the remaining neutralization service life in the ingot casting bay and billet bay were 194.68 a and 202.07 a, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Before a new polymer material is placed on the market, it should be compulsory to assess its environmental impact at different stages of its life cycle. The main objective of the study was to identify the environmental impact of the production of polyurethane (PUR) foams. Ansys Granta Selector software was used to analyze this aspect. The environmental characteristic of material production included: embodied energy [MJ/kg], CO2 footprint [kg/kg], and water usage [l/kg]. The Eco Audits of PUR foams, based on natural fillers, were investigated. The study showed that PURs generate significantly less CO2 at the production stage compared to other foams. Furthermore, the modification of PUR foams can reduce the CO2 footprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research in entrepreneurship has shown that business model innovation is an outcome of the co-evolution of enterprises and their environments. However, little attention has been focused on the complex interactions among its antecedents and how these interactions drive business model innovation. To fill this gap, this study draws upon a configurational framework, and proposes that business model innovation does not depends on a single condition, but rather on interactions between entrepreneurial orientation and environmental characteristics. Building on a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis of 68 platform enterprises in China, this study found that innovativeness orientation is a necessary condition for business model innovation and five sufficient configurations could impel business model innovation. These five configurations could be grouped into three first-order equifinal solutions, which are labelled as 'pathfiner', 'warrior', and 'front-runner', respectively. In different solutions, risk-taking, proactiveness, and various environmental characteristics have a contingent relationship with business model innovation. These findings add to the research stream regarding entrepreneurial orientation as a multidimensional construct and highlight the advantages to explore multiple antecedents from a configurational perspective. Accordingly, this study also offers several practical implications for platform enterprises in emerging markets to innovate their business models and to deal with resource constraints and environmental dynamism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]