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Click here for the corresponding questions to this CME article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We defined the pregnancy exposed to biological drugs if the woman had at least one administration during pregnancy: we identified 14 pregnancies in 12 women. Only one woman, after discontinuation of treatment with infliximab biosimilar, because of a very severe form of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, resumed the therapy and started certolizumab pegol, and continued during all pregnancies. Data available regarding pregnancy occurred in mother treated with secukinumab provide reassurance in cases of conception in mother exposed, because there is no evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.[7] No data are available for ixekizumab in pregnancy. [Extracted from the article]

Examination showed a very uneven repigmented leukoderma, with light brown and dark brown macules interspersed with depigmented macules (Fig. Piebaldism is characterized by congenital poliosis (white hair) and leukoderma (patches of white skin), mainly located on the scalp, mid-forehead, anterior trunk and central extremities. Another hypothesis is that non-static piebaldism might result from the digenic co-inheritance of the given KIT mutation and unknown dominant-acting unlinked mutation responsible for progressive or regressive pigmentation after birth.3,4 Acknowledgement The patients in this manuscript have given written informed consent to publication of their case details. [Extracted from the article]

Corrigendum: Sunshine on "Zebra People" Reference 1 Cortelazzi C, De Felici Del Giudice MB, Pierobon E, Pellacani G, Di Nuzzo S. Sunshine on "Zebra People". I J i I Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol i 2021; B 35 b : e308-e352. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17088 In the version of this article initially published,1 the title of the article was 'Sunshine on "Zebra People"' which should be corrected as "Piebaldism: sunshine on Zebra People". [Extracted from the article]

Results of ultraviolet (UV) B phototherapy can be improved by the application of calcipotriol, but studies are needed to decide how the two treatments should be combined. We studied the effect of UVB after application of calcipotriol ointment (50 μg g-1) and calcipotriol cream (50 μg g-1) and determined the optimal time of application of calcipotriol when combined with UVB phototherapy (280–350 nm), in a single-blinded randomized vehicle-controlled study of 37 healthy adult volunteers. Calcipotriol ointment or cream was applied randomly on five areas on the back at different time intervals from UVB irradiation. One area was left untreated as the control. Application times were the evening before, the morning before, 2 h before, immediately before, and immediately after irradiation. UVB irradiation was administered by TL20W/12 fluorescent tube lamps at increasing doses (20, 25, 32, 40, 50 and 64 mJ cm-2) to six subunits of each test area. Clinical assessment was performed 24 h after UVB irradiation by a blinded investigator. Calcipotriol ointment and cream were applied in 19 and 18 subjects, respectively, and erythema was measured for each application time quantified. We found that erythemal reactions were significantly smaller when calcipotriol ointment or cream was applied immediately before irradiation compared with all other application times. To explain these findings, a vehicle control study was performed. No difference in erythema was seen between calcipotriol medication and the vehicle controls. Spectrophotometric analysis of the calcipotriol cream and ointment showed no UV absorbance in the UVB range. No signs of photosensitization were noted. In conclusion, the vehicles of the calcipotriol ointment and cream inhibit the induction of erythema by UVB irradiation if applied immediately before phototherapy. Consequently, calcipotriol ointment and cream should not be applied directly before UVB irradiation; however, they may be applied at any time up to 2 h prior to or immediately after UVB irradiation. Possible explanations for this sunscreen activity are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 17-year-old boy with lesions and a history of cardiac surgery through the infection of Staphylococcus aureus. Particular focus is given to the diagnosis of impetiginized atopic dermatitis (AD) and highlights the risk factor of the development of infective endocarditis in AD patients.

A letter to the editor is presented that discusses side predominance of squamous cell carcinoma.

Vitiligo is a disease characterized by the loss of melanocytes, resulting in progressive depigmentation of skin, and areas of normally pigmented skin can be of cosmetic concern. Several options have been tried to remove the pigment and make the skin a more even colour. We present an easy and effective therapeutic procedure based on single-session cryotherapy followed by topical 4-hydroxyanisole (4-HA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]