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Modern bioenergy is commercial energy production from biomass for industry, power generation, or transport fuels. Bioenergy is an inclusive term for all forms of biomass and biofuels. Green energy is an alternate term for renewable energy that is the energy generated from sources that are considered environmentally friendly. The term biofuel is referred to as liquid or gaseous fuels for the transport sector that are predominantly produced from biomass. Bioethanol is a petrol additive/substitute. It is possible that wood, straw, and even household wastes may be economically converted to bioethanol. Bioethanol is derived from alcoholic fermentation of sucrose or simple sugars, which are produced from biomass by hydrolysis process. Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly alternative liquid fuel that can be used in any diesel engine without modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass is the most important renewable energy option at present and is expected to maintain that position during the first half of this century. Forest and wood process residues can be converted into useful bioenergy. The structural components of wood are cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. Fuelwoods are composed of biopolymers that consist of various types of cells and the cell walls are built of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The fuel properties of wood can be summarized by elemental and proximate analyses and determination of heating value. Cellulose has a smaller heating value than lignin because of its higher degree of oxidation. Elemental H and C contents of fuel and lower degrees of oxidation tend to raise the heating value of the biomass. Woods are either hardwoods or softwoods. Softwood species generally have higher carbon content and higher heating values than hardwood species because of the presence of more lignin and resinous materials in softwood species. Extractives raised the higher heating values of the wood fuels. Heating value of a wood fuel decreases with increasing of moisture content of the wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dioxins emission from industrial biomass combustion can be a problem in the very near future. Dioxins and furans, which consist of carbon, oxygen, and chlorine, are very toxic and hazardous substances. An increase of the dioxins emissions from a power boiler fueled with biomass has provided insights on potential control technologies. The exposure of the population to chlorinated dioxins and furans in highly industrialized countries has reached an extent which requires the authorities in charge to seek a drastic reduction of the entry of these substances into the environment. In the future, the amount of dioxin and furan emissions from combustion and incineration activities are expected to decrease, both due to improving economic conditions and therefore use of better fuel quality and upgraded solid fuels and biomass, as well as due to improvement of combustion techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]