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Background: Bispectral index (BIS) is a processed electroencephalography monitoring tool and is widely used in anesthetic depth monitoring. Deep anesthesia exposure may be associated with multiple adverse outcomes. However, the relationship between anesthetic depth and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. We sought to determine the effect of BIS-based deep anesthesia duration on postoperative AKI following noncardiac surgery. Methods: This retrospective study used data from the Vital Signs DataBase, including patients undergoing noncardiac surgeries with BIS monitoring. The BIS values were collected every second during anesthesia. Restricted cubic splines and logistic regression were used to assess the association between the cumulative duration of deep anesthesia and postoperative AKI. Results: 4774 patients were eligible, and 129 (2.7%) experienced postoperative AKI. Restricted cubic splines showed that a cumulative duration of BIS < 45 was nonlinearly associated with postoperative AKI (P-overall = 0.033 and P-non-linear = 0.023). Using the group with the duration of BIS < 45 less than 15 min as the reference, ORs of postoperative AKI were 2.59 (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.60 to 11.09, p = 0.200) in the 15-100 min group, and 4.04 (95%CI:0.92 to 17.76, p = 0.064) in the = 100 min group after adjusting for preoperative and intraoperative covariates in multivariable logistic regression. Conclusions: The cumulative duration of BIS < 45 was independently and nonlinearly associated with the risk of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but fatal cancer with BRAF mutation ranging from 30 to 50%. Histone lysine lactylation represents a novel epigenetic mark that translates cellular metabolic signals into transcriptional regulation. It is not clear whether the Warburg effect can promote the proliferation of ATC with BRAFV600E mutation via metabolite-mediated histone lactylation. Our study aimed at illustrating how BRAFV600E restructures the cellular protein lactylation landscape to boost ATC proliferation, and determining whether blockade of protein lactylation can sensitize mutant ATC to BRAFV600E inhibitors. Western blotting was used to evaluate lactylation status. Aerobic glycolysis was intervened by adding cell-permeable ethyl lactate or using metabolic inhibitors. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR were applied to analyze the expression of growth-related genes. Different chemical inhibitors were used to inhibit BRAFV600E and other enzymes. ATC cell line-derived xenograft model was employed to examine the efficacy of mono and combinatorial therapies. The results showed that aerobic glycolysis in ATC increased global protein lactylation via improving cellular lactate availability. In particular, lactylation on Histone 4 Lysine 12 residue (H4K12La) activated the expression of multiple genes essential for ATC proliferation. Furthermore, oncogenic BRAFV600E boosted glycolytic flux to restructure the cellular lactylation landscape, leading to H4K12La-driven gene transcription and cell cycle deregulation. Accordingly, the blockade of cellular lactylation machinery synergized with BRAFV600E inhibitor to impair ATC progression both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated an extra beneficial effect of aerobic glycolysis on ATC, revealing a novel metabolism-epigenetics axis suitable for combinatorial therapy with BRAFV600E inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The jointed rock mass is a multi-crack body, which is cut by discontinuities such as joints and faults. These joints and faults destroy the integrity and continuity of rock mass and reduce the mechanical behavior of rock mass. The rock bolting is a suitable way to reinforce the jointed rock mass. By transferring tension and shear force, the rock bolting can make best use of the strength and stability of rock mass and restrict the deformation of rock mass. In this study, the specimens containing pre-set non-persistent joints were made with granite as prototype. A series of uniaxial compression tests of the reinforced jointed specimens were conducted by rock bolts with various inclinations. The relationships among the stress-strain, anchoring force, bolt strain, bolt inclination were studied, and the change rules of the parameters of the specimens and bolt with crack evolution during compression were analyzed. Results show that the peak strength and the equivalent elastic modulus of the anchored specimens with multiple non-persistent joints first increase and then decrease with the bolt inclination increasing. The optimal anchorage angle is about 65°. The anchoring force is relatively large when the angle between the rock bolt and the minimum principal stress surface is small. There is a strong internal correlation among the stress, anchoring force, bolt strain and crack evolution of the jointed specimens. The obtained conclusions in this study can provide a reference to the similar engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whereas white adipose tissue depots contribute to the development of metabolic diseases, brown and beige adipose tissue has beneficial metabolic effects. Here we show that CDK6 regulates beige adipocyte formation. We demonstrate that mice lacking the CDK6 protein or its kinase domain (K43M) exhibit significant increases beige cell formation, enhanced energy expenditure, better glucose tolerance, and improved insulin sensitivity, and are more resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity. Re-expression of CDK6 in Cdk6-/- mature or precursor cells, or ablation of RUNX1 in K43M mature or precursor cells, reverses these phenotypes. Furthermore, RUNX1 positively regulates the expression of Ucp-1 and Pgc1α by binding to proximal promoter regions. Our findings indicate that CDK6 kinase activity negatively regulates the conversion of fat-storing cells into fat-burning cells by suppressing RUNX1, and suggest that CDK6 may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold-mix asphalt (CMA) is routinely used for temporary or emergency pothole repair to prevent further deterioration of the asphalt pavement until resurfacing can be performed. One of the difficulties encountered with CMA is that the majority of laboratory evaluations and tests were originally designed for hot-mix asphalt. There exists an incomplete understanding between viscosity gain of cold-mix binder (CMB) and strength development of CMA. The objective was to develop effective test procedures to assess the engineering properties and performance of the CMA. Results showed that the accelerated curing process with 110°C for 24 h has the potential for predicting the engineering properties of the CMAs at mature state. The stability and rutting resistance of the CMAs with high CMB viscosity appear to be comparable with those of hot-mix asphalt. The CMB viscosity of 13 Pa · s (130 poise) was suggested to specify the engineering properties and performance of the CMAs. In addition, simplified wheel track testing could be useful to simulate the detrimental influence of moisture on the performance of the CMAs in the field pothole. In this study, as the workability was within the specification range, a densegraded mix with a fast curing rate at full compaction was desired for use as a good asphalt patching material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Primary malignant lymphoma of the breast (PLB) is a rare disease. Treatment options include surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy, radiation and immunotherapy. At present, the optimum treatment combination remains controversial. The present study reports the case of a 39-year-old female with a six month history of a painless mass in the left breast. The mass was excised following medical examination. A diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was determined as a result of histological and immunohistochemical profile analysis. Further examinations excluded metastatic disease. Thus, finally, PLB (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma type) was diagnosed. The patient was treated with adjuvant systemic chemotherapy and consolidated radiation and a positive response was observed. During the 10 months of follow-up, no evidence of disease recurrence was identified. At present, the patient is scheduled for regular follow-up appointments. As the prevalence of PLB is increasing, the details of this rare case may aid clinicians treating similar patients, and highlight the importance of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a letter to the editor about resonance assignments of the mature form of streptococcal cysteine protease.

The strong anisotropy beryllium (Be) films are fabricated at different sputtering pressures by direct current magnetron sputtering. With the increase of pressure, the deposition rate of Be film first increases, and when the pressure exceeds 0.8 Pa, it gradually descends. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that Be film is of α-Be phase, its surface always reveals the (101) crystal plane possessing the low surface energy. As for the growth morphology of Be film, the surface is mainly characterized by the fibrous grains, while the cross section shows a transition from a columnar grain to a mixed grain consisting of a cone-shaped grain and a columnar grain as the sputtering pressure increases. The large grain fraction decays exponentially from 75.0% to 59.3% with the increase of sputtering pressure p, which can improve the grain size uniformity. The surface roughness increases due to the insufficient atom diffusion, which is comparable to its decrease due to the etching effect at p < 0.8 Pa, while it increases drastically at p > 0.8 Pa, and this increase is dominated by the atom diffusion. The electrical resistivity values of Be films range from 1.7 μΩ·m to 2.7 μΩ·m in the range 0.4 Pa–1.2 Pa, which is 50 times larger than the bulk resistivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]