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Clothing design plays an important role in personal image expression and social and cultural transmission. The traditional fashion design method has many problems, such as low efficiency and large design error, and it is difficult to bring users better wearing experience. In order to meet different users' Design needs, reduce design errors, and improve users' satisfaction with design results, this paper combined with intelligent sensing technology, conducted in-depth research on digital automation analysis of clothing design CAD (Computer Aided Design). Aiming at the clothing design process, this paper first constructed a brand-new clothing design CAD system, using the depth transducer to solve the 3D information of the relevant feature points, and realized the accurate acquisition of the human body feature size information. Through the registration of adjacent frame point data, the 3D human body modeling was carried out. Then, according to the user's physical characteristics and related information collected by the sensor, the paper compared the user's characteristic information to filter out the user's preferences, and used the recommendation algorithm to calculate the corresponding parameters to realize the intelligent choice of clothing styles. Finally, through the measurement of each index by the sensor, the size adjustment of the garment and the specific design of the garment were realized. In order to verify the effect of clothing design CAD system based on intelligent sensing technology, this paper conducted system tests. The results showed that in terms of clothing comfort, clothing quality and clothing functionality, the number of users satisfied and very satisfied reached 50.4%, 47.9% and 51.3%, respectively. From the overall survey results, the system has a high degree of user satisfaction. The research conclusion of this paper shows that the digital automatic analysis of clothing design CAD based on intelligent sensing technology can effectively meet the needs of users, improve their wearing experience, and promote the intelligent development of clothing design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing interest in how digital technology impacts innovation, the constructs "digitization" and "digitalization" have become popular. However, different conceptualizations have emerged resulting in conceptual overlap and little definitional consensus. To understand how these two constructs have been used within innovation management, we systematically review both constructs and identify 26 different definitions used for both, underscoring the need for greater precision. Building from our systematic review, we synthesize and integrate these findings to derive clear and parsimonious definitions of digitization and digitalization and propose a conceptual framework that systematically links both constructs with existing innovation scholarship. We then discuss the implications of our framework on theories of the process of innovation and digital transformation. We recommend future research into digital design principles, digital product life cycle, knowledge accumulation, generativity, and the feedback dynamics within our framework. We also provide practitioner implications and limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culture is transmitted and replicated among humans, constituting a foundational element of social studies. However, despite the relevance of this epistemological premise, there is relatively little empirical attention to the processes of social reproduction of culture. In this study, adopting the theoretical approach of cultural evolutionism and employing quantitative methods, attention is focused on cultural transmission in football fandom. Data from a web survey conducted on students of the University of Milan, totaling 4047 valid cases, are presented. Analyses show that football fandom tends to reproduce primarily through family socialization, vertically, at an early stage of life, although horizontal dynamics are also evident, linked to the historical and environmental context experienced by the individual. Consistent with Mesoudi's definition (2011), estimating the possible relative selection effects, beyond neutral replication (random copying), assigns a «replicative» advantage of approximately 9% to environmental conformity (frequency-dependent bias), namely the Milanese context, for Inter and Milan teams, and approximately 12% to the imitation of successful models and sporting success itself (model-based bias and content bias). Meaning that achieving numerous sporting successes in the 1990s would confer a «replicative» advantage to Milan (benefiting from the combined effect of success and conformity). A «replicative» advantage of x percentage points means that, given fans of different teams in generation t, in generation t+1, there will be a x percentage increase in fans of the team that has that selection advantage, compared to fans of other teams. The results of this study, within the limitations of the data used, a sample not generalizable to the population but rich in heterogeneity, can serve as a litmus test for investigating cultural transmission phenomena more systematically according to the cultural evolutionism approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although no one disputes that the transmission of culture depends on social learning, a capacity that has enabled humans, unlike other animals, to modify cultural practices across generations, this review argues that cultural change can also be evoked by environmental events leading to an alteration in the configuration of an habitual behavioural repertoire. An evoked mechanism allows latent or normally suppressed behaviour to emerge. Cannibalism and warfare are put forward as examples. Evoked mechanisms have largely been ignored by one of the few attempts to reconcile biology and culture, namely cumulative cultural evolution (CCE). This review endorses CCE's aim of developing a biocultural conceptual framework but criticises this model for failing to produce a credible analysis of culture into 'units' or 'variants'. The critique of CCE is situated within a discussion of the long-standing separation within academia of science and arts disciplines, each focusing at different levels of analysis and with different aims. It is suggested that the main obstacle to developing a biocultural framework can be attributed to an incompatibility between nomothetic and idiographic research methods, the former being typical of the biological sciences, the latter of the arts. A successful biocultural conceptual framework would therefore have to accommodate the particular and the general. It is suggested that progress in this direction would be made if agreement could be reached on ways of observing or inferring behaviours rather than pursuing an analysis in terms of hypothetical constructs such as mental representations or units of 'cultural information'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores Anshun Dixi, a traditional folk opera endemic to Tunpu villages in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, recognized as part of China's first batch of intangible cultural heritage in 2006. In a globalized society where commoditization plays a pivotal role in preserving and transmitting intangible cultural heritage, Anshun Dixi has transitioned from a cultural hallmark to a marketable commodity since the 1980s, amid the burgeoning domain of Chinese culture and the influence of market economics. This transition not only denotes Anshun Dixi's transformation into local economic resources but also reflects its status as a prominent representative of Tunpu culture. The study deploys the conceptual lenses of cultural identity and commoditization to scrutinize Anshun Dixi's transformation and the rationale behind these changes within a globalized framework. Employing a qualitative methodology, the research amalgamates findings from extensive fieldwork and literary reviews, highlighting the complex dynamics between the commoditization and cultural identity of Anshun Dixi. The examination reveals that the expanding commoditization of Anshun Dixi invariably alters its cultural identity, providing insightful perspectives on the performance art's current commodified state and its implications for cultural preservation and transmission in the contemporary era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study investigated the intergenerational transmission of utilitarian and deontological inclinations, examining whether these pass from parents to adult children and exploring the potential moderating effects of parenting style and intergenerational involvement in this process. Background: Family factors, including religious norms and work values, influence moral development, but the intergenerational transmission of two moral inclinations—utilitarianism (emphasizing consequences, e.g., sacrificing one person to save five) and deontology (emphasizing intrinsic norms, e.g., refraining from intentionally harming the innocent)—remains underexplored. Method: We measured these inclinations in 171 parent–adult child pairs using a moral decision thought experiment and questionnaires on parenting style and intergenerational involvement. Results: Positive correlations emerged between parents and adult children for both inclinations. "Emotional warmth" in parenting style and intergenerational involvement showed significant negative moderating effects on the transmission of utilitarianism between generations. Conclusion: This study provides empirical evidence of intergenerational transmission of moral inclinations. Higher emotional warmth and increased intergenerational involvement inhibit the transmission of utilitarian inclinations, leading to reduced prioritization of better consequences. Implications: Enhanced emotional warmth and greater intergenerational involvement by parents can deter the transmission of utilitarian inclinations among adult children, prioritizing adherence to intrinsic norms over intentional harm for greater benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational institutions not only build human capital; they also shape culture. We present a model of cultural dynamics produced by cultural transmission through the education system. Groups that are culturally marginalized become economically disadvantaged and exhibit various forms of resistance to education. First, individuals may drop out of education to avoid its cultural content. Second, individuals may invest in other forms of socialization to tune out the cultural content of education. Finally, cultural communities may collectively resist mainstream education by turning out to change curricula or establish their own schools. We show that resistance to education can make it impossible for a policymaker to eliminate alternative cultural traits from the population. In fact, a policymaker may have to moderate the cultural content of education or else face a backlash which increases the spread of alternative cultural traits. Our analysis unifies a growing body of empirical work on the effects of cultural policies and makes new predictions regarding the effect of socializing institutions on cultural dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary perspectives on gender highlight the multilevel processes that maintain the gender system, from the hegemonic cultural beliefs embedded in state institutions to the gendered interactions that occur in everyday life. This study investigates immigration as a source of diversity and adaptation in the gender system. Using data on immigrant and native adolescents in the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries (CILS4EU), we examine the intergenerational transmission of attitudes about the domestic division of labor. Our results show a strong association between mother's gender attitudes and child's gender attitudes among both immigrants and natives, with no significant difference between the two groups. The persistence of beliefs grounded in family culture results in significantly higher levels of gender traditionalism among adolescent children of immigrants as compared to their native peers. These results underscore the centrality of families as a relational context that contributes both to the reproduction of cultural beliefs about gender and the slow pace of shifts in hegemonic gender beliefs in response to social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The motivation to leave a legacy for future generations and society's continuity is an important aspect of adult development. However, the shorter time horizon that comes with ageing might lead to prioritising more immediately rewarding goals than long-term society-beneficial (e.g., climate-proactive) goals. This study investigates the role of nature exposure and future time perspective, as well as their joint interplay in the context of social and ecological generativity across adulthood. Method: In total, 115 individuals aged 18–85 years (M = 38.10 years, SD = 16.53 years, age-range 18-85; 67% female) participated in an experience sampling study and reported their future time perspective and social and ecological generativity at the baseline, and nature exposure in their daily situations. Results: The results of the analyses using aggregated data set showed that nature exposure facilitates the concern for future generations and the environment in middle-aged and older (but not in younger) adults with shorter future time perspective. Conclusion: Nature exposure can be used to enhance motivation for societal involvement in middle and older adulthood, which in turn could contribute to the well-being and sustainability of future generations. KEYPOINTS: What is already known about this topic: The motivation to leave a legacy for future generations (generativity) is an important aspect of adult development, with social (care for people) and ecological (care for environment) generativity being prominent not only in midlife but in early and late adulthood as well. Generative feelings towards the environment seem to emerge from direct experiences with nature. Older adults typically have a shorter future time perspective, leading them to prioritise more immediately rewarding goals than long-term goals. What this topic adds: Longer future time perspective positively predicts social and ecological generativity. Nature exposure facilitates the concern for future generations and the environment in older (but not in younger) people with shorter future time perspective. As such, nature exposure could serve as a potential intervention tool for boosting motivation in older adults with shrinking time horizons to protect future generations and the environment, enhancing their unique contributions to the well-being of future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural evolutionary processes can often lead to a statistical association between neutral and adaptive traits during episodes of population dispersal and the introduction of a beneficial technology in a geographic region. Here, we examine such cultural hitchhiking processes using an individual-based model that portrays the cultural interaction between a migrant and an incumbent population. Our model is loosely based on the interaction between farming and foraging populations during the initial stages of the adoption and diffusion of agricultural practices. The two populations are characterized by different variants for their neutral and adaptive cultural traits, with the latter set providing a reproductive advantage for the migrant communities over the incumbent ones. We explore how the neutral traits of the migrant population spread and how this process is conditioned by the following factors: 1) the possibility of transmission of the adaptive traits; 2) the extent of the increased reproductive advantage provided by the adaptive variants of the migrant population; 3) postmarital residence rules; and 4) how and when neutral traits are transmitted. Our results reveal a diverse range of outputs, highlighting the relevance of factors such as the nature of postmarital resocialization and the specific combination of postmarital residence rules and sex-biased transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine from whom children learn in mobile hunter-gatherers, a way of life that characterized much of human history. Recent studies on the modes of transmission in hunter-gatherers are reviewed before presenting an analysis of five modes of transmission described by Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman [L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, M. W. Feldman, Cultural Transmission and Evolution: A Quantitative Approach (1981)] but not previously evaluated in hunter-gatherer research. We also present two modes of group transmission, conformist transmission, and concerted transmission, seldom mentioned in hunter-gatherer social learning research, and propose a unique mode of group transmission called cumulative transmission. The analysis of the additional modes of transmission indicated that cultural evolutionary signatures of vertical transmission, such as the conservation of cultural traits, have been underestimated because previous studies have seldom considered remote generations or distinguished intrafamilial from extrafamilial horizontal and oblique transmission. However, field data also indicate that hunter-gatherer children interacted with and learned from many nongenetically related individuals; about half of children’s and adolescents’ horizontal and oblique social learning came from nongenetically related individuals. Intimate living conditions of hunter-gatherers provide opportunities for group transmission, and ethnographic evidence presented demonstrates that at least three types of group transmission exist. All three forms of group transmission theoretically contribute to the conservation of culture, homogeneity of intracultural diversity, and high intercultural diversity. Analysis of additional modes of oblique and horizontal transmission and discussion of previous and unique modes of group transmission demonstrate the various mechanisms by which hunter-gatherer children learn and how cultures are conserved and contribute to cumulative culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human evolution is intricately linked with culture, which permeates almost all facets of human life from health and reproduction, to the environments in which we live. Nevertheless, our understanding of the ways in which stably transmitted, evolutionarily relevant human cultural traits might interact with the human genome is incomplete, and methods to detect such interactions are limited. Here, we describe some rules of cultural transmission which could pertain to both humans and cultural nonhuman animals that could lead to the formation and maintenance of stable associations between cultural and genetic traits. Next, we show that, in the presence of such associations, a process analogous to genetic hitchhiking is possible in gene–culture systems. These could leave signatures in the human genome similar to, and perhaps indistinguishable from, those left by selection on genetic traits. Finally, we model selective interference between cultural and genetic traits. We show that selective interference between a cultural trait under selection and a genetic trait under selection can reduce the efficacy of natural selection in the human genome, both in terms of the probability of fixation of beneficial alleles and the dynamics of selective sweeps. We then show that the efficiency of selection at genetic loci can, however, be increased in the presence of strong cultural transmission biases. This implies that the signatures of gene–culture interactions in genetic data may be complex and wide-ranging in gene–culture coevolutionary systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last two decades have seen great advances in the study of social learning (learning from others), in part due to efforts to identify it in the wild as the basis of behavioral traditions. Theoretical frameworks suggest that both the dynamics of social tolerance and transmission biases (or social learning strategies) influence the pathways of information diffusion in social groups. Bearded capuchins (Sapajus libidinosus) inhabiting the semiarid seasonal caatinga biome of the Serra da Capivara National Park (SCNP) form highly tolerant societies that possess the largest “tool-kit” described for monkeys, a feat likely facilitated by social learning. Here, we used social network analysis and an open diffusion experiment using an extractive foraging task to identify the occurrence of social learning and describe the pathways of social transmission of information in two wild primate populations. The dynamics of social tolerance outside of task introductions predicted opportunities for social learning, but it was tolerance during task introductions that predicted the actual pathways of social information diffusion. Our results also indicated that the capuchins mainly learned from others via direct observation and naïve individuals exhibited an observation bias toward successful males. This study supports the claims of cultural transmission in robust capuchins and empirically supports the role of social tolerance and social learning strategies in human and nonhuman primate cultural evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative studies of cultural evolution and gene-culture coevolution (henceforth “CE” and “GCC”) emerged in the 1970s, in the aftermath of the “race and intelligence quotient (IQ)” and “human sociobiology” debates, as a counter to extreme hereditarian positions. These studies incorporated cultural transmission and its interaction with genetics in contributing to patterns of human variation. Neither CE nor GCC results were consistent with racist claims of ubiquitous genetic differences between socially defined races. We summarize how genetic data refute the notion of racial substructure for human populations and address naive interpretations of race across the biological sciences, including those related to ancestry, health, and intelligence, that help to perpetuate racist ideas. A GCC perspective can refute reductionist and determinist claims while providing a more inclusive multidisciplinary framework in which to interpret human variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The architectural heritages of the Peking-Mukden Railway has witnessed the industrialization of China. When it no longer serves its original function, finding a new way for reuse becomes a trend. It requires feedback from reused cases to guide decision-making. This article aims to propose an approach to post-occupancy evaluation of architectural heritages in the Peking-Mukden Railway and apply it to real cases for analysis. The evaluation indicator system used here consists of a hierarchical structure, evaluation indicators, and interpretation indicators. Cosine similarity, entropy weight method, and precedence chart method are utilized to determine final weights. The GRA-TOPSIS method is utilized to identify reuse cases that require additional optimization. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The cosine similarity can be introduced to neutralize individual preferences. The entropy weight method can be used to neutralize subjective factors. 2. Based on the analysis of the sensitivity levels, indicators that need to be improved first can be identified. Priority should be given to spatial accessibility and cultural transmission when making adjustments with limited resources. 3. The GRA-TOPSIS evaluation method can be used to rank and find reuse cases that need further optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade is the property of Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Periodicojs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the socio-economic landscape expands and tourism flourishes, the traditional earthen dwellings of Tuyugou Village, Turpan, Xinjiang, face significant challenges, including low energy efficiency and suboptimal living comfort, necessitating data-driven and scientifically robust renovation strategies. Existing renovation methods, however, often lack empirical support and rely heavily on the subjective judgments of architects, thus hindering the effective preservation and transmission of cultural heritage. This research addresses the renovation of these traditional dwellings by employing the AHP method to systematically evaluate user requirements, with input from diverse stakeholders, including homeowners, tourists, experts, and government authorities. The study then applies the QFD method to construct the House of Quality, translating user needs into specific design attributes; this is followed by a comprehensive quantitative analysis for optimization. A novel multi-objective optimization model (MOP) is introduced, with materials as the central focus, addressing key aspects of engineering, culture, and energy conservation. The NSGA-II algorithm is utilized to generate optimal Pareto solutions, which are then further refined using the entropy-weighted VIKOR method. Among the ten pre-selected renovation solutions, the sixth design plan was identified as the optimal choice, excelling in cost control, cultural integration, and energy performance. Specifically, it achieved a unit construction cost of RMB 340.566/m2, a cultural adaptability score of 1.5364, and an energy cost of RMB 352.793/kWh, thereby demonstrating an effective balance between traditional architectural elements and modern requirements. The objective decision making enabled by the VIKOR method successfully balances cultural preservation with contemporary needs, enhancing both living standards and tourism appeal. This study offers innovative and empirically grounded renovation strategies for traditional dwellings in arid and semi-arid climates, providing a framework that effectively balances cultural preservation and modernization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the application of neutrosophy to understand and address the inherent complexity in the oral transmission of knowledge in family agriculture. It leverages its ability to handle contradictions and ambiguities, facilitating a richer analysis of agricultural practices and social interactions. Orality, as the primary form of communication in these communities, is essential for the transmission of agricultural and cultural knowledge. This research highlights how orality acts as a vehicle for the preservation of collective identity and the transmission of ancestral knowledge. The study used Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) to describe the causal relationships between different variables of interest. Fieldwork was conducted between October 2023 and January 2024, using semi-structured interviews to capture the oral narrative of the farmers in Apagua. The analysis of the FCM showed that the components of cultural preservation and knowledge transmission are the most influential. This study demonstrated that neutrosophy is an effective tool for analyzing the complex dynamics of oral knowledge transmission in family agriculture. The conclusions underline the interdependence between knowledge transmission, social relationships, adaptation to changes, and cultural preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why did translation matter for early modern translators themselves? Approaching Ottoman court translator and religious convert to Islam, Ali Ufkî's (né Wojciech Bobowski, ca. 1610–1677) intellectual endeavors, this article explores the multilayered relationship among translation, commensurability, and transmission of cultural knowledge by focusing on the translating subject. It argues that translation was an epistemic posture taken on by translators operating in complex cultural landscapes to navigate their self-assertion within the contours of cultural mediation in late seventeenth-century Istanbul. In so doing, it suggests reading translations beyond imperial logics and their concomitant historiographical terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Care is a central dimension of family consumption. Previous studies have explored it as interpersonal, emotional work performed through everyday consumption practices. Most of these studies have investigated care as articulated in the present time and within nuclear families. This study sets out to explore the relations between grandparents and grandchildren, arguing that it provides an intriguing case for enriching the current understanding of care in family consumption and its multitemporal nature. To this aim, the study conducts qualitative interviews and employs a narrative version of the theory of generativity to conceptualize the multifaceted ways in which caring manifests through consumption in grandparent–grandchild relations. As a result, the study offers a processual framework of intergenerational caring through consumption (ICTC). The analysis identifies, first, the multilayered nature of ICTC , consisting of three layers of caring enacted through generative acts. Second, it identifies three temporal perspectives to ICTC, revealing its multitemporal nature. The framework provides novel insights into how familial caring is done from generation to generation, and how a desire to care is kept alive in today's consumer society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study investigated how middle‐class rural parents engaged in status safeguarding in an economically struggling rural community and how the parenting views and practices of rural return migrants impacted the community. Background: Rural communities seek college‐educated returners to offset outmigration. We know little about how returners impact the community, especially if they return to raise children. Method: This study analyzed interview data from 15 white, college‐educated parents between the ages of 25 and 38 who returned to their rural hometown to raise their children. Results: All returners emphasized their children's choice regarding their future educational and occupational paths, and they equally valued college and skilled trades. In other ways, rural return migrants drew on distinct cultural repertoires in their childrearing strategies. Parents who had not lived in cities before returning relied on a localized cultural repertoire to engage in status safeguarding through reputation management as they monitored cross‐class interactions and emphasized fitting in. In contrast, rural return migrants who had lived in cities drew on a cosmopolitan cultural repertoire that emphasized exposure to cultural amenities and engaged in cultural practices that they saw as distinguishing their children from the local community. Conclusion: Although the return of college‐educated residents is often celebrated, this study suggests that college‐educated migrants may ultimately maintain inequalities within the community through social class or cultural exclusion based on their cultural repertoires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language is unbounded in its generativity, enabling the flexible combination of words into novel sentences. Critically, these constructions are intelligible to others due to our ability to derive a sentence's compositional meaning from the semantic relationships among its components. Some animals also concatenate meaningful calls into compositional-like combinations to communicate more complex information. However, these combinations are structurally highly stereotyped, suggesting a bounded system of holistically perceived signals that impedes the processing of novel variants. Using long-term data and playback experiments on pied babblers, we demonstrate that, despite production stereotypy, they can nevertheless process structurally modified and novel combinations of their calls, demonstrating a capacity for deriving meaning compositionally. Furthermore, differential responses to artificial combinations by fledglings suggest that this compositional sensitivity is acquired ontogenetically. Our findings demonstrate animal combinatorial systems can be flexible at the perceptual level and that such perceptual flexibility may represent a precursor of language-like generativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review the contributions of archaeologists studying the Pleistocene and Early Holocene records in the American Southeast. Researchers have made great efforts in finding paleoenvironmental proxies for the past, discovering underwater sites, and embracing a record of isolated point finds. With a renewed interest in technological organization and behavioral ecology, researchers study landscape use as adaptive responses and consider the role of social interaction and cultural connections to those landscapes. Applying middle-range theory and actualistic experiments helps Paleoamerican archaeologists move beyond tool typologies. We track cultural change in the transmission of ideas and spread of practices with methods like geometric morphometrics and use theoretical approaches of cultural transmission theory. We seek to better understand the lifeways of hunter-gatherer communities, including the important roles of women and children in this early record. Finally, Paleoamerican archaeologists are dedicated to conducting research with an ethos of respect for and collaboration with Tribal communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ostensibly, Husserl's work doesn't seem to allow for a conceptualization of a properly collective memory, i.e. a shared memory, common to all members of a somewhat tightly unified group. Indeed, Husserl's view of a collective, at least the one most often presented in his works, appears to be one of a collective equivalent either to an "anyone and everyone" or to an aggregate sum of parts, to a loosely unified composite. All memory of members of such a collective would itself be adjusted accordingly. However, Husserl also develops an idea of a collective, the "personality of a higher order" – as well as an idea of correlative social acts – which might present good candidates for authentic collectives and collective acts, including memories. This paper will attempt to clarify the constitution of said collectives and acts based on the model of Husserlian generativity understood stricto sensu and "from within". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Norms play a crucial role in governing human societies. From an early age, humans possess an innate understanding of norms, recognizing certain behaviours, contexts, and roles as being governed by them. The evolution of normativity has been linked to its contribution to the promotion of cooperation in large groups and is intertwined with the development of joint intentionality. However, there is no evolutionary consensus on what normatively differentiated our hominin ancestors from the phylogenetic lineage leading to chimpanzees and bonobos. Here we propose that the development of teaching through a process of evaluative feedback between parent and offspring functioned as a prerequisite for the later development of normativity. Parents approve or disapprove of offspring’s behaviours based on their own learned knowledge of what is appropriate or inappropriate. We argue our proposition using a simple model of cultural transmission, which shows the adaptive advantage offered by these elementary forms of teaching. We show that an important part of this adaptive advantage can arise from the benefits derived from guidance about which behaviours to adopt or reject. We propose that this type of guidance has fundamental elements that characterise the normative world. We complete our argument by reviewing several studies that examine the emergence of normativity in young children without prior exposure to a normative framework with respect to the behaviours under analysis. We suggest that this normativity is best interpreted as manifestations of teaching among young children rather than as norm recognition among early normative children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Game of Cupid is a simple dice-based race game derived from the Game of the Goose in about 1600. Twelve different examples, covering the period to about 1850 and drawn from France, the Low Countries and Britain, are analysed according to distinctive markers that include rules, game board configuration and decorative elements, showing that the evolution of the game can be described by a single tree of descent. The forces governing this evolution are discussed. The results may be of interest to those investigating whether different aspects of a complex cultural trait – such as a board game that has rules, a board and decorative elements – follow separate cultural transmission processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional villages along the Jinzhong section of the Wanli Tea Road possess unique geographical locations and cultural heritage, showcasing a rich variety of cultural landscapes. Among these, village temple buildings play a crucial role as the core of spiritual and belief life in traditional villages. In the context of rapid urbanization and modernization, a new perspective is needed to thoroughly explore the deeper connotations of cultural landscape characteristics in traditional villages along the Wanli Tea Road, particularly by examining the composition and inherent features of their landscape genes. This study employs landscape gene theory, using the village temple system as a lens to identify and analyze the landscape genes of traditional villages along the Jinzhong section of the Wanli Tea Road. Based on the results, a genealogy and a map of landscape genes are constructed to clearly and effectively present the typical characteristics and expressions of these genes in a logical and visual manner. The findings indicate the following: (1) The village temple system in traditional villages along the Jinzhong section of the Wanli Tea Road is closely related to the formation and expression of their landscape genes and can play a critical role in the protection and transmission of cultural landscapes. (2) As important nodes along the historical trade route, the landscape gene characteristics of these villages reflect their unique natural environments and historical development trajectories, illustrating the deep intertwining of commercial activities and local cultural landscapes. (3) This study establishes a replicable research framework that is not only applicable to local studies but also provides valuable references for broader cultural landscape research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Folklor / Edebiyat is the property of Cyprus International University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research consistently shows that parents' educational attainment is associated with their children's level of political interest. The life stage when this relationship is established and grows has been identified to be between the ages of 10 and 16. This paper identifies the social class‐based practices that drive the influence of parental education on the development of political interest among early adolescents and explains why the social gap grows at this point. The paper draws on two panel surveys, the Citizenship Education Longitudinal Study and the Understanding Society Youth Survey, and applies latent growth curve modelling and path analysis. The findings show that university‐educated parents influence the change in political interest of their children in early adolescence by raising their educational aspirations, enabling their access to political activities in school, choosing the school for their children, taking their children to museums and art galleries and influencing their children's friendship groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By highlighting the motivation behind the intergenerational transmission of cultural capital (ITCC), this article extends the notion of the transmission of cultural capital. Utilising Bourdieusian theoretical resources, this article produces an analytical framework for the ITCC. Through empirical materials that were gathered based on semi-structured interviews conducted in China with adolescent golfers as well as separately with their mothers, this article reveals the multiple objectives of purposeful ITCC, and the reverse transmission/cultural feedback to mothers is also identified. The findings show that there are three objectives from social and biological sense:1) increasing the possibility of enrolling in a prestigious university; 2) promoting sportsmanship awareness and positioning social hierarchy; and 3) maintaining fitness and correcting vision. Unintentional cultural feedback/reverse transmission emerges as a result of increasingly frequent intergenerational communication between mother and child. Mothers start acquiring and deepening their habitus in golf-related fields with dominant or recessive guidance from youngsters. This article demonstrates the analytical capacity of Bourdieusian theoretical resources for intergenerational transmission analyses in the Chinese context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) models have attracted tremendous interest since the advent of ChatGPT, raising numerous opportunities and challenges. However, their generative power has not yet been studied, leaving open the question of what is truly generated by these tools. This paper addresses this question and precisely characterizes the generativity behind GenAI models. Owing to the latest advancements in engineering design, we first propose a framework for uncovering the various types of generativity. Then, we consider the main families of GenAI models and systematically analyze them to characterize their generativity within this framework. By doing so, we highlight the existence of two distinct generative levels in GenAI: one leading to the generation of new artifacts and the other leading to the generation of GenAI models themselves. We are also able to characterize the generativity of both of these levels, thus specifically confirming the generative power of GenAI and opening research avenues toward human-GenAI collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted Japanese society, including its relationship with cultural heritage. This paper shares findings of a large-scale web-based survey conducted from January to February 2022, reaching over 10,000 respondents using a smartphone questionnaire system, aimed at answering the following questions: 'What impact has the pandemic had on societies and local communities in Japan?' and 'What policies should be implemented to protect cultural heritage in response to this new situation in Japan?'. A cross-cutting analysis of the collected responses and respondent attributes was performed. The paper offers four recommendations for long- and short-term cultural heritage policies to enhance future protection. Firstly, it emphasizes increasing cultural heritage awareness, targeting youth and the economically disadvantaged. Secondly, it recommends a reassessment of the prevailing policy structures related to temples and shrines. This recognises the traditional role these institutions have played as community gathering places. Thirdly, it emphasizes supporting smaller, rural festivals with financial aid for repairs, promotions, and bridging migrant gaps. Finally, it suggests integrating the younger generation into the cultural heritage discourse through educational initiatives and digital resources, ensuring continued relevance and intergenerational connection to cultural heritage in Japan. These policy suggestions stand as the linchpin for perpetuating cultural heritage and fostering intergenerational engagement therein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The examination of the characteristic law of traditional village transformation over time represents a vital nexus in cultural heritage preservation and the transmission of vernacular culture. Historical event points were used to augment village development information, facilitating the restoration of the village's historical pattern. Geographical analysis methods, including Standard Deviation Ellipse Analysis (SDSEA), Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA), and Source-Destination Analysis (SDA), were employed to explore the characteristics of the village's geographical center of gravity, changes in concentration and dispersion, and functional transfer. The stepwise progression of the village's evolution was investigated, as well as the mechanism of residents' behavior during the evolution process. The results reveal: 1) The spatial evolution of the settlement shows a trend of agglomeration. As time passes, the center of gravity of each functional space gradually converges, and the average distance between elements decreases, resulting in a shift from a dispersed to a clustered distribution. 2) The village space changes from simple to complex due to the conduct of the villagers. Residential behaviors promote the establishment of residential space and the development of public and commercial space. The usage, abandonment, and functional transitions that occur inside the space cause functional zones to nest with each other, resulting in a more intricate spatial structure. 3) Both the degree of change and the preservation of the village's functional space show an increasing trend, indicating that the protection of the built space and the expansion of the unbuilt space occur simultaneously. This represents a developmental trend that is consistent with the social surroundings and the villagers' ambitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural transmission theorists have proposed there is an inherent tradeoff between social learning strategies [SLS s] that rely on direct observation of a cultural variant's payoffs (i.e., direct bias) and those that rely on a model's cues of success or prestige (i.e., indirect bias). While the former relies on higher-quality informational goods, a model's success or prestige cues may be easier to access. This paper reviews mathematical models that have purported to capture indirect bias, and shows they fail to capture this tradeoff, instead making assumptions that reduce their transmission dynamics to those of a direct bias. I include a simple agent-based model to illustrate that their formal equivalence, and therefore our ability to conclude that success and prestige bias are adaptive SLS s, depends on a high correlation between success/prestige cues and a model's payoffs. This suggests the importance of empirically ascertaining how learners evaluate a model's fitness, and how they mitigate the risks of biasing their learning on payoff-correlates rather than payoffs themselves. Exploring the cognition underlying these decisions may shed light on maladaptive social learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rangatahi Māori (Māori youth, Indigenous people of New Zealand) are grossly over-represented in youth court statistics compared to other ethnicities (63%). Despite these statistics, research into cultural identity is sparse. This article presents recent PhD findings with 10 rangatahi Māori sentenced for offending behaviours, appearing in a New Zealand Youth Court or Ngā Kōti Rangatahi (Māori cultural led Youth Court). Findings indicated that whakapapa (genealogical) connections, te reo Māori (the Māori language), and culture influence a positive cultural identity and cultural pride in rangatahi Māori. Whānau (family) relationships support the transmission of cultural knowledge and remain pivotal to feeling culturally connected. In this PhD study, cultural pride enabled the participants to navigate systemic bias, racial profiling, and negative societal attitudes. These findings quash the deficit cultural disconnection trope and disrupt pathological crime narratives that Māori youth who offend are disconnected, dislocated, and disassociated from their cultural identity as Māori. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does self‐governance, a hallmark of democratic societies, foster norms of generalized cooperation? Does this effect persist, and if so, why? I investigate these questions using a natural experiment in Switzerland. In the Middle Ages, the absence of an heir resulted in the extinction of a prominent noble dynasty. As a result, some Swiss municipalities became self‐governing, whereas the others remained under feudalism for another 600 years. Evidence from a behavioral experiment, the World Values Survey and the Swiss Household Panel consistently show that individuals from historically self‐governing municipalities exhibit stronger norms of cooperation today. Referenda data on voter‐turnout allow me to trace these effects on individually costly and socially beneficial actions for over 150 years. Furthermore, norms of cooperation map into prosocial behaviors like charitable giving and environmental protection. Uniquely, Switzerland tracks every family's place of origin in registration data, which I use to demonstrate persistence from cultural transmission in a context of historically low migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Middle-aged and elderly users become an important group on short-video platforms, however, the research on determinants of their video-creating intention is limited. Based on lifespan development theories, this study examines the impact of aging experiences on their video-creating intention, considering internal generative motivations as mediators and age as a moderator. Design/methodology/approach: To test this study's hypotheses, survey data from 321 Chinese middle-aged and elderly short-video users were collected and partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used to analyze these data. Findings: Middle-aged and elderly users' aging experiences of social loss and personal growth are positively related to their video-creating intention. Aging experiences (i.e. physical loss, social loss, and personal growth) are positively related to internal generative motivations (i.e. need to be needed and symbolic immortality), and need to be needed is positively related to video-creating intention. Via the mediation of need to be needed, physical loss and personal growth are indirectly positively related to video-creating intention. Personal growth strengthens the relationship between physical loss and symbolic immortality, but weakens the associations of social loss with need to be needed and symbolic immortality. Age weakens the relationship between symbolic immortality and video-creating intention. Originality/value: This study is the first wave to introduce and integrate lifespan theories such as selective optimization with compensation model, socioemotional selectivity theory, and generativity theory to explore the impacts of aging experiences on middle-aged and elderly users' video-creating intention by considering generativity motivations as mediators and age as a moderator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a social learning theoretical framework, this article seeks to understand how gender normativity is perpetuated, as well as how it results in the marginalization of transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) youth. Additionally, ways in which TGNC youth navigate oppression and how discrimination against TGNC youth may be reduced through disruption of gender normativity are explored. Using qualitative methods, including the analysis of community meeting transcripts as well as town hall meetings with gender-diverse participants, the present study will answer the following research questions: (1) how do transgender and gender-nonconforming youth navigate discrimination and marginalization? (2) How can social learning theory be leveraged to disrupt gender normativity and reduce the discrimination, marginalization, and victimization of transgender and gender-nonconforming youth? This article aims to bridge the gap in the literature by expanding on research specifically pertaining to TGNC youth and directly addressing how social learning mechanisms can both perpetuate and mitigate gender-normative ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All advanced economies have undergone secular revolutions in which religious belief and institutions have been subordinated to secular forms of authority. There are, however, numerous examples of failed secular transitions. To understand these failures, we present a religious club model with endogenous entry and cultural transmission of religious beliefs. A spike in the demand for religious belief, due for example to a negative economic shock, induces a new and more extreme organization to enter the religious market and exploit the dissatisfaction of highly religious types with the religious incumbent. The effect is larger where institutional secularization is more advanced, for example where the religious establishment has moderated itself or has been moderated by the political authority. The greater the moderation of the religious incumbent, the more extreme is the position chosen by the religious entrant, and the larger is the rise in religious participation. Hence, unanticipated shifts in religious demand can lead to the emergence of new and more extreme religious organizations and reverse previous trends toward secularization. Our model sheds light on the causes and consequences of failed secular revolutions and religious revivals in Latin America and Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Five Plague Gods (五瘟神) in the Shuilu (水陆) murals from the Ming and Qing dynasties exemplify a distinctive manifestation of plague gods image developed under the pedigree of Taoist gods. As a significant system for expelling disasters in Shuilu, the depiction of the Five Plague Gods prominently merges human beings and livestock. This shape form to a large extent, draws on the image of Nuo (傩), a figure reflecting an imagination of the host of plague pathogens. In terms of the numbers of gods, it aligns with the conceptual framework of Wu Xing (五行 the five elements), a foundational principle in traditional Chinese medicine. The internal cultural connection highlights the means of plague prevention and control in China, as well as the external reflection of plague culture. Through multi-dimensional interpretations with the double proof method, this article dissects the formation, core elements, and cultural characteristics of the beliefs in the Five Plague Gods reflected in the Shuilu murals, and transcends mere visual semantics, offering a deeper understanding of these complex cultural symbols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the challenges of language and cultural maintenance through education among one immigrant ethnic group, the Uyghurs within Turkey, where the Uyghur population has grown in recent years. Uyghurs are a Turkic-speaking Muslim ethnic minority group of some 10 million people within China, originating from China's northwest Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Data for the paper are based on ethnographic research conducted in Istanbul, where the Uyghur population in Turkey is the largest. The paper illustrates how the local and global environment impact how culture is constructed, and that identity construction and language maintenance projects are not ideologically neutral. It contributes to the understudied link between language, ethnicity, politics, and education by exploring the ways in which the Uyghur community in Istanbul uses non-formal education to maintain and transmit their language and cultural traditions in their host environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intangible cultural heritage is an invaluable treasure for all human beings worldwide. In 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed the Chinese Cantonese Opera, also known as Yueju in Chinese Pinyin, on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The awareness of inheriting Yueju is not uncommon, but advancing methods to involve more young generations in this art form is still necessary. In this study, we focused on Yueju videos on Bilibili, a cultural community and video website popular among the younger generation. Through quantitative and qualitative research, we explored the types of Yueju videos that would have a significant spreading effect. The 1916 Bilibili videos related to Yueju were collected using Python crawler technology. We analyzed each video using seventeen variables. The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) forms the theoretical foundation of this research. We constructed the Yueju transmission model with two persuasive routes based on this model. The research methods mainly comprised regression analysis, multi-factor ANOVA, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). We invited thirty-one experts to assess the importance hierarchy of those video factors and calculate the weight coefficient using AHP. This study demonstrated the central route concerning the causal relationship between video recognition and spreading effect through regression analysis. Additionally, this research identified the optimal combination of 8 video factors using multi-factor ANOVA in the peripheral route. In this study, we focused on the niche of Yueju video transmission on Bilibili. This research utilized the ELM and hybrid methods to obtain the statistical results. Then, we developed appropriate macro-level and micro-level strategies for transmitting Yueju culture, particularly those aimed at the younger generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Drawing on the generativity framework, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the Dark Triad personalities (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) and knowledge hiding. This study also identifies the mediating role of generativity motivation and the moderating role of focus on opportunities. Design/methodology/approach: Using a convenience sample, a two-wave time-lagged study collected survey responses from 498 employees from manufacturing industries in China, and the data was analyzed using hierarchal regression and bootstrapping methods. Findings: This study found that Machiavellianism and psychopathy are both positively related to generativity motivation. The generativity motivation plays a mediating role in the paths of Machiavellianism and psychopathy on knowledge hiding, and a focus on opportunities positively moderates the direct and indirect effect of Machiavellianism and psychopathy on knowledge hiding. Originality/value: Based on the generativity framework, we find a new underlying mechanism between the Dark Triad personalities and knowledge hiding, thereby further enriching the literature in relation to their influence over knowledge management. Moreover, it also finds that a focus on opportunities can weaken the negative relationships between the Dark Triad personalities and knowledge hiding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various selection pressures have shaped human uniqueness, for instance, music. When and why did musical universality and diversity emerge? Our hypothesis is that "music" initially originated from manipulative calls with limited musical elements. Thereafter, vocalizations became more complex and flexible along with a greater degree of social learning. Finally, constructed musical instruments and the language faculty resulted in diverse and context‐specific music. Music precursors correspond to vocal communication among nonhuman primates, songbirds, and cetaceans. To place this scenario in hominin history, a three‐phase scheme for music evolution is presented herein. We emphasize (1) the evolution of sociality and life history in australopithecines, (2) the evolution of cognitive and learning abilities in early/middle Homo, and (3) cultural evolution, primarily in Homo sapiens. Human musical capacity and products should be due to the hominin‐specific combination of several biosocial features, including bipedalism, stable pair bonding, alloparenting, expanded brain size, and sexual selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Moderna Arhivistika is the property of Maribor Provincial Archives and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)