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Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type 1 is a rare but disabling pain condition, usually involving distal extremities such as the wrist, hand, ankle, and foot due to either direct or indirect traumas [1,2]. CRPS type 1 is characterized by a complex set of symptoms where no correlation can be identified between the severity of the initial injury and the ensuing painful syndrome [3]. Over the years, numerous treatment strategies have been pro- posed for CRPS management, but therapies still remain controversial. Indeed, at present, there is no successful therapeutic intervention exists for this condition. Questions/purposes: The aim of the present study is to propose and to assess the effectiveness of a rehabilitative treatment algorithm for CRPS, which is actually in use at the Center for Rehabilitative Medicine “Sport and Anatomy” of the University of Pisa. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all the patients that underwent physical rehabilitative treatment algorithm for hand CRPS between 2014 and 2021 at our Institution. Results: All the parameters taken into consideration, namely Purdue Pegboard test (PPT), Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), as well hand oedema recorded with a hand volumeter, were significantly improved at the end of the rehabilitation protocol. Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study demonstrated that early and skillful rehabilitation intervention is of paramount importance for CPRS type 1 management to achieve a stable and optimal functional recovery while preventing the onset of deformities. In addition, our rehabilitation protocol was able to achieve substantial improvement in pain and quality of life scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 5-Gb/s data modulation and transmission is investigated using Fabry-Pe´rot InGaAs quantum-dot lasers emitting at approximately 1.3 μm. Error-free transmission of 5-Gb/s data at room temperature over 4 km of single-mode fiber (SMF) and over 500 m of installed grade multimode fiber are demonstrated for the first time. The temperature dependence of the data modulation performance is also studied. We report error-free 2.5-Gb/s data modulation up to 50°C and transmission over 4 km of SMF with a Q-factor penalty of 0.5 dB. Error-free 5-Gb/s data modulation is observed up to 30°C and 5-Gb/s data transmission over 4 km of SMF with a Q-factor penalty of 0.8 dB is obtained at 40°C. The lack of overshoot and ringing in the eye diagrams is attributed to the large damping factor observed under small-signal modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The effects of visible and infrared light on potassium atoms embedded in a nanoporous glass matrix are investigated. Photodesorption by visible light enhances the atomic mobility and causes the formation of metallic nanoparticles. Two different populations of metastable clusters with absorption bands in the near-infrared and infrared are grown as a consequence of illumination. Atoms can move between the two groups through sequences of adsorption/desorption events at the pore surface. Irradiation with infrared light, instead, does not significantly enhance the atomic diffusion inside the pores. However, it induces relevant modifications of the substrate, thus changing its interaction with the assembled clusters. Consequently, infrared light alters the dynamics of the system, affecting also the evolution of non-resonant nanoparticles populations, even after the illumination sequence. These results provide new insights on the photo-induced modifications of the substrate-adsorbate interaction in nano-sized confined systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]