Search

The H1 Collaboration reports the first measurement of the 1-jettiness event shape observable τ 1 b in neutral-current deep-inelastic electron-proton scattering (DIS). The observable τ 1 b is equivalent to a thrust observable defined in the Breit frame. The data sample was collected at the HERA ep collider in the years 2003–2007 with center-of-mass energy of s = 319 GeV , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 351.1 pb - 1 . Triple differential cross sections are provided as a function of τ 1 b , event virtuality Q 2 , and inelasticity y, in the kinematic region Q 2 > 150 GeV 2 . Single differential cross sections are provided as a function of τ 1 b in a limited kinematic range. Double differential cross sections are measured, in contrast, integrated over τ 1 b and represent the inclusive neutral-current DIS cross section measured as a function of Q 2 and y. The data are compared to a variety of predictions and include long-standing and more recent Monte Carlo event generators, predictions in fixed-order perturbative QCD where calculations up to O (α s 3) are available for τ 1 b or inclusive DIS, and resummed predictions at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy matched to fixed order predictions at O (α s 2) . These comparisons reveal sensitivity of the 1-jettiness observable to QCD parton shower and resummation effects, as well as the modeling of hadronization and fragmentation. Within their range of validity, the fixed-order predictions provide a good description of the data. Monte Carlo event generators are predictive over the full measured range and hence their underlying models and parameters can be constrained by comparing to the presented data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bis-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and bis-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with aryl and alkyl linkers have been synthesized. The pharmacophore electron-deficient groups (carboxylic, nitrile) have been introduced into the molecule to increase their hydrophilicity and potential biological activity. Functionalized compounds have demonstrated a new type of biological activity, i.e., inhibition of lipid oxidation revealed as a decrease in the amount of MDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Breit frame provides a natural frame to analyze lepton–proton scattering events. In this reference frame, the parton model hard interactions between a quark and an exchanged boson defines the coordinate system such that the struck quark is back-scattered along the virtual photon momentum direction. In Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), higher order perturbative or non-perturbative effects can change this picture drastically. As Bjorken-x decreases below one half, a rather peculiar event signature is predicted with increasing probability, where no radiation is present in one of the two Breit-frame hemispheres and all emissions are to be found in the other hemisphere. At higher orders in α s or in the presence of soft QCD effects, predictions of the rate of these events are far from trivial, and that motivates measurements with real data. We report on the first observation of the empty current hemisphere events in electron–proton collisions at the HERA collider using data recorded with the H1 detector at a center-of-mass energy of 319 GeV. The fraction of inclusive neutral-current DIS events with an empty hemisphere is found to be 0.0112 ± 3.9 % stat ± 4.5 % syst ± 1.6 % mod in the selected kinematic region of 150 < Q 2 < 1500 GeV 2 and inelasticity 0.14 < y < 0.7 . The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 351.1 pb - 1 , sufficient to enable differential cross section measurements of these events. The results show an enhanced discriminating power at lower Bjorken-x among different Monte Carlo event generator predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The H1 Collaboration at HERA reports the first measurement of groomed event shape observables in deep inelastic electron-proton scattering (DIS) at s = 319 GeV, using data recorded between the years 2003 and 2007 with an integrated luminosity of 351 pb - 1 . Event shapes provide incisive probes of perturbative and non-perturbative QCD. Grooming techniques have been used for jet measurements in hadronic collisions; this paper presents the first application of grooming to DIS data. The analysis is carried out in the Breit frame, utilizing the novel Centauro jet clustering algorithm that is designed for DIS event topologies. Events are required to have squared momentum-transfer Q 2 > 150 GeV 2 and inelasticity 0.2 < y < 0.7 . We report measurements of the production cross section of groomed event 1-jettiness and groomed invariant mass for several choices of grooming parameter. Monte Carlo model calculations and analytic calculations based on Soft Collinear Effective Theory are compared to the measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methyl 5-aminomethylfuran-2-carboxylates reacted with methylamine to give 5-aminomethylN-methylfuran-2-carboxamides, and their hydrolysis afforded the corresponding carboxylic acids. The reaction of methyl 5-aminomethylfuran-2-carboxylates with hydrazine hydrate produced hydrazides which were acylated with benzoyl or 2-furoyl chloride and then subjected to heterocyclization to obtain furan derivatives containing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring. The target products were also synthesized in one step by reacting 5-aminomethylfuran-2-carbohydrazides with acid chlorides in the presence of phosphoryl chloride. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The alkylation of 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)acetonitrile with bis(2-chloroethyl) ether gave 4-(1,3-ben-zo-dioxol-5-yl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carbonitrile which was reduced with lithium tetrahydroaluminate to [4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]methanamine. The latter reacted with aryloxymethyl-oxiranes to produce the corresponding 1-(aryloxy)-3-({[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]-methyl}amino)propan-2-ols. The reaction of the same amine with chloroacetyl chloride afforded N-{[4-(1,3-ben-zodioxol-5-yl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]methyl}-2-chloroacetamide which was treated with secondary amines and hetarenethiols to obtain N-{[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]methyl}-substi-tuted 2-amino- and 2-sulfanylacetamide derivatives. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acylation of 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile and 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile with various acids chlorides afforded the corresponding amides. Boiling ethyl 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophene-3-carboxylate with certain acids chlorides leads to formation of the corresponding amides. The antibacterial and antioxidant activity of synthesized compounds was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The HERAPDF2.0 ensemble of parton distribution functions (PDFs) was introduced in 2015. The final stage is presented, a next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) analysis of the HERA data on inclusive deep inelastic ep scattering together with jet data as published by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations. A perturbative QCD fit, simultaneously of α s (M Z 2) and the PDFs, was performed with the result α s (M Z 2) = 0.1156 ± 0.0011 (exp) - 0.0002 + 0.0001 (model + parameterisation) ± 0.0029 (scale) . The PDF sets of HERAPDF2.0Jets NNLO were determined with separate fits using two fixed values of α s (M Z 2) , α s (M Z 2) = 0.1155 and 0.118, since the latter value was already chosen for the published HERAPDF2.0 NNLO analysis based on HERA inclusive DIS data only. The different sets of PDFs are presented, evaluated and compared. The consistency of the PDFs determined with and without the jet data demonstrates the consistency of HERA inclusive and jet-production cross-section data. The inclusion of the jet data reduced the uncertainty on the gluon PDF. Predictions based on the PDFs of HERAPDF2.0Jets NNLO give an excellent description of the jet-production data used as input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trapping/detrapping characteristics of thin film metal-ferroelectric-metal (m-f-m, Pt-BaxSr1-xTiO3-Pt) structure is considered assuming that the ferroelectric is in paraelectric phase and high concentration of oxygen vacancies (OV) in the interfacial regions of metal-ferroelectric contacts. It is assumed that these vacancies create electron trap levels in the band gap of the ferroelectric. At high electric fields (or at high temperatures) the oxygen vacancies are ionized due to detrapping of electrons via Pool-Frenkel emission which leads to change essentially the trap levels occupation function, and hence created a new non-compensated oxygen vacancies. These newly created charged vacancies, in turn, can change internal state, as well as m-f interfacial potentials, and thus may alter all processes of its based memristors. The nonlinear dependence of permittivity on applied electric field is taken into account too. Based on these assumptions analytical expression for the DC bias dependent traps level occupation function, its time dependence and ferroelectric material fundamental parameters dependencies are derived for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charged particle multiplicity distributions in positron-proton deep inelastic scattering at a centre-of-mass energy s = 319 GeV are measured. The data are collected with the H1 detector at HERA corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 136 pb - 1 . Charged particle multiplicities are measured as a function of photon virtuality Q 2 , inelasticity y and pseudorapidity η in the laboratory and the hadronic centre-of-mass frames. Predictions from different Monte Carlo models are compared to the data. The first and second moments of the multiplicity distributions are determined and the KNO scaling behaviour is investigated. The multiplicity distributions as a function of Q 2 and the Bjorken variable x bj are converted to the hadron entropy S hadron , and predictions from a quantum entanglement model are tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exclusive photoproduction of ρ 0 (770) mesons is studied using the H1 detector at the ep collider HERA. A sample of about 900,000 events is used to measure single- and double-differential cross sections for the reaction γ p → π + π - Y . Reactions where the proton stays intact ( m Y = m p ) are statistically separated from those where the proton dissociates to a low-mass hadronic system ( m p < m Y < 10 GeV ). The double-differential cross sections are measured as a function of the invariant mass m π π of the decay pions and the squared 4-momentum transfer t at the proton vertex. The measurements are presented in various bins of the photon–proton collision energy W γ p . The phase space restrictions are 0.5 ≤ m π π ≤ 2.2 GeV , | t | ≤ 1.5 GeV 2 , and 20 ≤ W γ p ≤ 80 GeV . Cross section measurements are presented for both elastic and proton-dissociative scattering. The observed cross section dependencies are described by analytic functions. Parametrising the m π π dependence with resonant and non-resonant contributions added at the amplitude level leads to a measurement of the ρ 0 (770) meson mass and width at m ρ = 770.8 - 2.7 + 2.6 (tot.) MeV and Γ ρ = 151.3 - 3.6 + 2.7 (tot.) MeV , respectively. The model is used to extract the ρ 0 (770) contribution to the π + π - cross sections and measure it as a function of t and W γ p . In a Regge asymptotic limit in which one Regge trajectory α (t) dominates, the intercept α (t = 0) = 1.0654 - 0.0067 + 0.0098 (tot.) and the slope α ′ (t = 0) = 0.233 - 0.074 + 0.067 (tot.) GeV - 2 of the t dependence are extracted for the case m Y = m p . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Gewald reaction of 4-oxo-1-phenylcyclohexane-1-carbonitrile with ethyl cyanoacetate and elemental sulfur in the presence of diethylamine afforded ethyl 2-amino-6-cyano-6-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxylate which was treated with a series of acid chlorides to obtain the corresponding 2-amido derivatives. Condensation of the latter with hydrazine hydrate gave new fused benzothienopyrimidines. The synthesized compounds were screened for antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

p-Si /BaxSr1-xTiO3 heterojunction properties are investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method for the first time. The general equivalent circuit model is proposed in circuit description code as: Cf, Rf, Ch,Rh,Rp, where Cf, Rf are the BaxSr1-xTiO3 film conditioned capacitance and resistance, Ch, Rh are the heterojunction depletion layer capacitance and resistance, respectively, Rp is the series resistance. It is stated that the Bode plot curves of the structure in air mostly affected by the depletion layer capacitance of heterojunction Ch(V). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strong coupling constant $$\alpha _\mathrm{s}$$ is determined from inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in neutral-current deep-inelastic ep scattering (DIS) measured at HERA by the H1 collaboration using next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD predictions. The dependence of the NNLO predictions and of the resulting value of $$\alpha _\mathrm{s} (m_\mathrm{Z})$$ at the Z-boson mass $$m_Z$$ are studied as a function of the choice of the renormalisation and factorisation scales. Using inclusive jet and dijet data together, the strong coupling constant is determined to be $$\alpha _\mathrm{s} (m_\mathrm{Z}) =0.1157\,(20)_\mathrm{exp}\,(29)_\mathrm{th}$$ . Complementary, $$\alpha _\mathrm{s} (m_\mathrm{Z})$$ is determined together with parton distribution functions of the proton (PDFs) from jet and inclusive DIS data measured by the H1 experiment. The value $$\alpha _\mathrm{s} (m_\mathrm{Z}) =0.1142\,(28)_\mathrm{tot}$$ obtained is consistent with the determination from jet data alone. The impact of the jet data on the PDFs is studied. The running of the strong coupling is tested at different values of the renormalisation scale and the results are found to be in agreement with expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurements of $$D^{*}(2010)$$ meson production in diffractive deep inelastic scattering $$(5

The dielectric properties of aBa0.25Sr0.75TiO3 films with Pt interdigitated electrodes fabricated by pulsed laser deposition technique and examined under the low-energy electron beam irradiation. The structures were characterized by means of dielectric permittivity, ε-f, C-f, tgδ-f dependencies before and after irradiation over frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. Irradiations have been carried out in AREAL (Advanced Research Electron Accelerator Laboratory). The energy of electrons has been 4 MeV, bunch charge 10-200 pC, repetition rate 1-50 Hz. It was found that the dielectric permittivity and loss tangent, in general, are shifted to the more low frequency range and decreased after electron beam irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new model for calculation of leakage/injection current in ferroelectric perovskite (BST, PZT) metal-ferroelectric-metal structure thin film is considered under the assumption that: a) a high concentration of oxygen vacancies is presence in the interfaced region of metal-ferroelectric contacts, which creates corresponding electron trap levels in the band gap of ferroelectric, and b) the dielectric permittivity of ferroelectric materials have nonlinear dependence on applied electric field. The results of proposed model are compared with the experiment and a good agreement was received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High- k perovskite oxide of barium strontium titanate (BST) represents a very attractive multi-functional transducer material for the development of (bio-)chemical sensors. In this work, a Si-based sensor chip containing Pt interdigitated electrodes covered with a thin BST layer (485 nm) has been developed for multi-parameter chemical sensing. The chip has been applied for the contactless measurement of the electrolyte conductivity, the detection of adsorbed charged macromolecules (positively charged polyelectrolytes of polyethylenimine) and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) vapor. The experimental results of functional testing of individual sensors are presented. The mechanism of the BST sensitivity to charged polyelectrolytes and H2O2 vapor has been proposed and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurements of normalised cross sections for the production of photons and neutrons at very small angles with respect to the proton beam direction in deep-inelastic $$ep$$ scattering at HERA are presented as a function of the Feynman variable $$x_F$$ and of the centre-of-mass energy of the virtual photon-proton system $$W$$ . The data are taken with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $$131~\text {pb}^{-1}$$ . The measurement is restricted to photons and neutrons in the pseudorapidity range $$\eta >7.9$$ and covers the range of negative four momentum transfer squared at the positron vertex $$6

It is well known that biochemical and biotechnological processes are strongly dependent and affected by a variety of physico-chemical parameters such as pH value, temperature, pressure and electrolyte conductivity. Therefore, these quantities have to be monitored or controlled in order to guarantee a stable process operation, optimization and high yield. In this work, a sensor chip for the multiparameter detection of three physico-chemical parameters such as electrolyte conductivity, pH and temperature is realized using barium strontium titanate (BST) as multipurpose material. The chip integrates a capacitively coupled four-electrode electrolyte-conductivity sensor, a capacitive field-effect pH sensor and a thin-film Pt-temperature sensor. Due to the multifunctional properties of BST, it is utilized as final outermost coating layer of the processed sensor chip and serves as passivation and protection layer as well as pH-sensitive transducer material at the same time. The results of testing of the individual sensors of the developed multiparameter sensor chip are presented. In addition, a quasi-simultaneous multiparameter characterization of the sensor chip in buffer solutions with different pH value and electrolyte conductivity is performed. To study the sensor behavior and the suitability of BST as multifunctional material under harsh environmental conditions, the sensor chip was exemplarily tested in a biogas digestate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inclusive $$ep$$ double differential cross sections for neutral current deep inelastic scattering are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were taken with a lepton beam energy of $$27.6$$ GeV and two proton beam energies of $$E_p=460$$ and 575 GeV corresponding to centre-of-mass energies of 225 and 252 GeV, respectively. The measurements cover the region of $$6.5\times 10^{-4} \le x \le 0.65$$ for $$35\le Q^2 \le 800$$ GeV $$^2$$ up to $$y=0.85$$ . The measurements are used together with previously published H1 data at $$E_p=920$$ GeV and lower $$Q^2$$ data at $$E_p=460$$ , $$575$$ and $$920$$ GeV to extract the longitudinal proton structure function $$F_L$$ in the region $$1.5\le Q^2 \le 800$$ GeV $$^2$$ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An-amorphous BaxSr1-x TiO3/ polycrystalline (pc) silicon anis-type heterojunction capacitance was evaluated theoretically and studied experimentally, taking into account the presence of oxygen vacancies in ferroelectric film as well as non-linear dependence of the ferroelectric films dielectric permittivity on the electric field for different values of oxygen vacancies concentration and doping levels in silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An amorphous BaxSr1-x TiO3/pc - Si (polycrystalline silicon) anisotropic heterojunction was systematically investigated in terms of built-in potentials, interface potentials and space - charge depletion layer widths. The presence of oxygen vacancies as well as the non-linear dependence of the dielectric permittivity of ferroelectric films on the electric field is considered for different values of oxygen vacancies and doping levels in silicon [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoscale (30-100 nm) films of BiFeO/BaTiO/NiZnFeO complex composition have been obtained by the pulsed-laser deposition method. Optical properties of the films were studied in the wavelength range of 250-1000 nm. It is shown that the optical properties of amorphous films deposited at room temperature are explained by the Tauc model for amorphous semiconductors. An increase in the optical gap from 1.7 to 1.95 eV was observed with decreasing film thickness. Allowed direct-band transitions ( E = 3.1 eV) were observed after annealing of films independent of their thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charged particle production in deep-inelastic ep scattering is measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The kinematic range of the analysis covers low photon virtualities, 5< Q<100 GeV, and small values of Bjorken- x, 10< x<10. The analysis is performed in the hadronic centre-of-mass system. The charged particle densities are measured as a function of pseudorapidity ( η) and transverse momentum ( $p_{T}^{*}$) in the range 0< η<5 and $0

A review of properties of wide gap semiconductor materials such as diamond, diamond-like carbon films, SiC, GaP, GaN and AlGaN/GaN that are relevant to electronic, optoelectronic and microwave applications is presented.We discuss the latest situation and perspectives based on experimental and theoretical results obtained for wide gap semiconductor devices. Parameters are taken from the literature and from some of our theoretical works. The correspondence between theoretical results and parameters of devices is critically analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of different nutrient solutions on the productivity of Melissa officinalis L. is investigated. It is found out that Davtyan's nutrient solution guarantees the highest productivity of Lemon Balm in soilless condition. In this case, hydroponic plants exceed soil plants 2.3 times by dry weight of medicinal material, 1.7 times by essential oil output obtained from a plant and 1.5 times by content of extractive substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The on-chip integration of multiple biochemical sensors based on field-effect electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (EISCAP) is challenging due to technological difficulties in realization of electrically isolated EISCAPs on the same Si chip. In this work, we present a new simple design for an array of on-chip integrated, individually electrically addressable EISCAPs with an additional control gate (CG-EISCAP). The existence of the CG enables an addressable activation or deactivation of on-chip integrated individual CG-EISCAPs by simple electrical switching the CG of each sensor in various setups, and makes the new design capable for multianalyte detection without cross-talk effects between the sensors in the array. The new designed CG-EISCAP chip was modelled in so-called floating/short-circuited and floating/capacitively-coupled setups, and the corresponding electrical equivalent circuits were developed. In addition, the capacitance-voltage curves of the CG-EISCAP chip in different setups were simulated and compared with that of a single EISCAP sensor. Moreover, the sensitivity of the CG-EISCAP chip to surface potential changes induced by biochemical reactions was simulated and an impact of different parameters, such as gate voltage, insulator thickness and doping concentration in Si, on the sensitivity has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents information on a study which investigated the microwave characteristics of barrier-injected transit-time (BARITT) diodes made of silicon carbide. Small signal analysis; Large signal characteristics of BARITT diodes; Conclusions.

A theoretical analysis is made of the photosensitivity of the component of the microwave surface impedance of high-temperature superconducting films exposed to intensity-modulated optical excitation. The results agree with the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The parameters of the electroweak theory are determined in a combined electroweak and QCD analysis using all deep-inelastic e+p and e-p neutral current and charged current scattering cross sections published by the H1 Collaboration, including data with longitudinally polarised lepton beams. Various fits to Standard Model parameters in the on-shell scheme are performed. The mass of the W boson is determined as mW=80.520±0.115GeV. The axial-vector and vector couplings of the light quarks to the Z boson are also determined. Both results improve the precision of previous H1 determinations based on HERA-I data by about a factor of two. Possible scale dependence of the weak coupling parameters in both neutral and charged current interactions beyond the Standard Model is also studied. All results are found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]