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Interprofessional working is common practice within the health and care sector and particularly within care homes to support the diverse needs of their residents. However, this is less common between the arts and care sectors despite the established impact of the arts on older people's health, wellbeing, and quality of life. Arts activities that do take place in care homes tend to be time-bound, with artists utilising short-term funding to deliver a defined project often with limited engagement from care home staff due to their competing priorities. This article reflects on qualitative findings from the Artists' Residencies in Care Homes (ARCH) programme led by Magic Me, which paired four leading arts organisations with four care homes in Essex who worked together over four years to deliver creative arts for the residents. Building trusted relationships and collaborative working between the artists and care home staff was essential for the success of the residencies and for generating and embedding sustainable creative practice in the homes. This article argues that for creative practice to become sustainably embedded in care homes, arts organisations and the arts and culture sector need to embrace interprofessional collaborative practice in health and social care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic placed increasing pressure on university staff with spiralling workloads due to the rapid implementation of changes to university processes and staff being required to take on additional duties due to self-isolating or unwell colleagues. The mental health of students was also adversely affected due to changes in their education and social life and the overall uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Engaging in creative and cultural activities has been demonstrated to have a positive impact on mental wellbeing. The present study aimed to explore how and why staff and students in one UK university engaged with arts, cultural and creative activities, and the perceived impact of this engagement on their mental wellbeing during UK lockdowns. This article presents findings from a series of fourteen qualitative interviews conducted with staff and students in the summer of 2021. Thematic analysis identified that participants engaged in the activities to enhance their mental wellbeing through a sense of achievement, enjoyment, absorption and connecting to others. However, the activities were also used as a coping strategy, to deal with loss, and to make meaning of the uncertainty caused by the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an increasing concern regarding the mental health and wellbeing of children and young people; as a result, schools are increasingly expected to provide support, but they have few resources to do so. As such, there is a need for establishing mechanisms for supporting the health and wellbeing of children and young people that are relatively easy and cost-effective and that can be embedded within the school day to ensure sustainability. The overarching aim of our Branching Out project was to understand how successful elements from one such programme that supports children's mental health through the art-in-nature-based practice can be expanded from school-based approaches that reach small numbers of children to include whole communities. This paper reports on one strand that examined the practice of organisations offering arts and/or nature-based activities outdoors in schools, either as part of the curriculum or as an extra-curricular activity. Survey questions served as an a priori thematic framework around the characteristics of arts-in-nature activities delivered; the perceived impacts of activities; working with volunteers, teachers, and schools; and barriers to expansion and sustainability. Despite extensive searching, identifying, and recruiting relevant arts organisations was difficult; however, respondents strongly supported the notion that the arts-in-nature practice has a positive impact on children and young people's connection to nature, supports their mental health and wellbeing, and engages them with their local environment. Yet, challenges were identified in engaging teachers and schools and funding such projects, suggesting a need for a multi-professional approach to creating more sustainable and impactful practice for children, young people, and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Health policies in England highlight the need for child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to embed new knowledge in practice, yet evidence remains scarce about the services' ability to learn from the external environment. This paper aims to present a critical analysis of the CAMHS' ability to implement new knowledge through the lens of absorptive capacity, an organisation's ability to identify, assimilate and use new valuable knowledge. Design/methodology/approach: Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff from the CAMHS department of a mental health organisation in England to explore the services' absorptive capacity. Findings: Professionals were identified having an impact on the main absorptive capacity components in the following ways: professional background and perceived reliability of knowledge sources appeared to affect knowledge identification; informal communication was found to facilitate knowledge assimilation and exploitation; trust was found to enable knowledge exploitation, particularly between senior management and frontline professionals. At an organisational level, team meetings and internal reporting were identified as enablers to knowledge assimilation and exploitation, while organisational hierarchy and patient data management systems were identified as barriers to knowledge assimilation. No organisational processes were found regarding knowledge identification, indicating an imbalanced investment in the main components of absorptive capacity. Practical implications: Investing in these underpinning factors of absorptive capacity can assist CAMHS with capitalising on new knowledge that is valuable to service provision. Originality/value: This study offers novel insights into the learning ability of CAMHS through the lens of absorptive capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This service evaluation examined the impact of Dance for Health, a programme of weekly group dance sessions for older patients, which took place on wards in an acute hospital setting. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative observations using the ArtsObs scale were undertaken of 64 dance sessions over a 12-week period involving seven different hospital wards encompassing 313 patient attendances. Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in the mood of the majority of patients taking part. People engaged mentally and physically with the activity were distracted from their medical condition and from what was happening on the ward. Patients appeared relaxed and were willing to express themselves creatively. Conclusion: The Dance for Health programme had a positive impact on group participants, promoting movement and physical activity for older patients. It is a meaningful and enjoyable activity, which encourages social interaction and provides respite from the medical environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is growing evidence that participating in arts activities are beneficial for mental health and wellbeing. Many patients attending primary care services have mental ill-health or social issues that healthcare practitioners currently do not have adequate ways of supporting. This study set out to explore the perspectives of primary healthcare practitioners on Arts on Prescription (AoP) as an additional referral pathway.Methods: A qualitative exploratory descriptive approach within an interpretive framework using semi-structured interviews was used to explore healthcare practitioners' perspectives and experiences of AoP programmes in Sweden. Ten interviews were conducted with healthcare practitioners in primary care. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach.Results: The healthcare practitioners interviewed, recognised the need for more holistic approaches to care for those with mental health issues. They perceived that AoP is beneficial for patients in terms of motivation, creating routines, providing social interactions, and increasing self-esteem. In addition, AoP was felt to have the potential to impact upon current service provision and wider society. However, whilst the opportunity to refer patients to AoP in conjunction with conventional treatments was valued, participants reported that time pressures on practitioners and the continuing dominance of the medical model of care were barriers to wider acceptance amongst practitioners at the present time.Conclusions: AoP enabled primary healthcare practitioners to offer an additional pathway for patients that is an adjunct to the traditional care pathway. However, the programmes tend to be project-based and often time limited. For programmes to be sustainable and be included as part of a wider range of interventions available to healthcare practitioners' suitable levels of funding would be required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the UK support for older people living in residential care to undertake meaningful activities is provided by Activities Co‐ordinators. There is also a growing trend for care home providers to invite arts organisations into care settings to deliver a range of arts and cultural activities. These arts and cultural activities are delivered by Arts Facilitators, who are distinct from Activities Co‐ordinators because their practice is specifically in an art form. This paper presents findings from the Creative Journeys research project which focused on exploring the role of participatory arts within residential care home in developing and maintaining social relationships between residents and staff. One of the objectives of the research was to identify factors which facilitated or hindered the delivery and impact of the activities. Data collection methods included observations and semi‐structured interviews with residents and staff. Thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative data. It was found that a key factor in the successful delivery of the groups was the working relationship between the Arts Facilitators and the Activities Co‐ordinators. This relationship is explored and presented under three main themes: the collaborative process, practicalities and preparation and the approach of the Arts Facilitator. The Activities Co‐ordinators' role is an under‐researched area, but they play a central role in supporting visiting arts organisations to deliver the sessions and in enabling residents to attend and engage with meaningful activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Consensus methods such as the Delphi technique have been used widely for research priority setting in health care. Within pre-hospital emergency medicine, such approaches have helped to establish national and international research priorities. However, in a dynamic field such as pre-hospital critical care, it is necessary to regularly review the continued relevance of findings. Further, considering the variability between pre-hospital critical care providers, it is also important to determine priorities at the local level. Essex & Herts Air Ambulance (EHAAT) sought to develop a five-year research strategy that aligns with their clinical work streams and organisational priorities. Methods: All staff and Trustees were invited to participate in an online Delphi study with three Rounds. The Delphi was administered via email and Online Surveys software. The first Round invited participants to submit up to five research questions that they felt were of greatest importance to EHAAT to advance the care provided to patients. In Round 2, participants were asked to rate the importance of questions from Round 1, while Round 3 required participants to rank questions that were prioritised in Round 2 in order of importance. Results: 22 participants submitted a total of 86 research questions in Round 1, which were reduced to 69 questions following deduplication and refinement. 11 participants rated the importance of the questions in Round 2, resulting in 14 questions being taken forward to Round 3. Following the ranking exercise in Round 3, completed by 12 participants, a top five research priorities were identified. The question deemed most important was "How does a pre-hospital doctor-paramedic team affect the outcome of patients with severe head injuries?". Conclusions: The top five research priorities identified through the Delphi process will inform EHAAT's research strategy. Findings suggest that there is still work to be done in addressing research priorities described in previous literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and objectives: To explore staff perceptions of the impact of weekly music and movement sessions involving older patients and staff on the wards where 'Dance for Health' sessions take place. Background: Dance for Health is a programme of weekly group dance sessions, which take place on wards in an acute hospital setting. Recent research demonstrates the value of creative arts activities in clinical settings across the globe. However, there is little research exploring the impact of dance programmes for frail older people in acute hospital settings, or healthcare professionals' perceptions of the impact of these sessions on patients, staff and the ward environment. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Twenty‐one semi‐structured interviews were conducted with staff who had supported patients participating in Dance for Health and the ward managers where the sessions took place. Data analysis was undertaken using a thematic analysis approach. Findings: The sessions challenged staff assumptions about older patients' musical preferences and the level of physical activity patients were able to undertake. Staff felt that the shared experience and interactions within the group enhanced staff–patient relationships. Staff taking part in the sessions reported feeling pleasure seeing their patients enjoying themselves and valued being a part of delivering the sessions. Conclusion: The Dance for Health programme in an acute hospital setting has the potential to promote person‐centred care through encouraging self‐expression and individuality. It is a meaningful and enjoyable activity, which encourages physical activity and social interaction and enriches the aesthetic experience of the hospital environment. Implications for practice: This is the first study reporting on the use of dance sessions for older people in an acute hospital setting. Dance for Health had a positive impact on staff attending the sessions and enhanced staff–patient relationships. Staff support is key for effective delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community‐based exercise programmes (CEPs) are aimed at sustaining benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to understand participants' experiences of the benefits, barriers and facilitators of adherence to a CEP. A descriptive qualitative design was applied, employing in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with a convenience sample of 12 participants with COPD attending a CEP in the East of England. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes were identified: perceived benefits, enablers and barriers, perception of safety and recommendations for programme improvement. Participants experienced physical, social and psychological benefits. Regular attendance is important to avoid deterioration in perceived benefits. CEPs may therefore provide a cost‐effective approach to improving and sustaining initial benefits of PR. Enablers included ease of access, perceived benefits and convenient programme components, being a retiree, social support and seasons. Identified barriers to attendance were poor physical health, family commitments and transport difficulties. The findings clearly suggest that a CEP supervised by an exercise instructor motivates participants to attend and exercise regularly. Increasing adherence to an exercise programme will prevent deterioration in perceived health, in addition to the physical, psychological and social benefits to the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This conceptual review focuses on the impact of participatory arts in promoting reciprocal relationships for older people receiving care in residential or community settings between older people and caregivers, older people themselves, and older people and the wider community. Findings from forty-four studies demonstrate the role that participatory arts can play in maintaining well-being amongst older people through enabling and facilitating reciprocal relationships. Through enabling older people to have a voice, power, and to contribute within relationships, participatory arts facilitate reciprocity, thereby facilitating well-being. Through creating deeper and more reciprocal social connections between older people, caregivers, and the community, participatory arts can help address the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness amongst older people. However, further research is needed to explore the key mechanisms which facilitate these relationships and how to sustain relational impacts. The compelling findings thus far should prompt arts organisations, funders, and policy makers to utilise participatory arts in reducing social isolation and loneliness amongst older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This review provides an updated evaluation of the emerging body of literature on the value of the arts in healthcare settings. Internationally, there is growing interest in the use of the arts in the healthcare context supported by the number of research studies reported in the nursing and medical literature. There is evidence that arts interventions have positive effects on psychological and physiological outcomes on patients in a hospital environment. A critical review of the literature between 2011 and 2016 was undertaken. The following databases were searched: MedLine, CINAHL, AMED, Web of Science and ASSIA. Searches included words from three categories: cultural activities, outcomes and healthcare settings. Initial searches identified 131 potentially relevant articles. Following screening and review by the research team, a total of 69 studies were included in the final review. The majority of studies examined the effect of music listening on patients/service users (76.8%). These studies were primarily quantitative focusing on the measurable effects of music listening in a surgical context. Overall, the studies in the review support the growing evidence base on the value of the arts in a variety of healthcare settings for patients/service users. The review findings suggest that now is the time for different voices and art forms to be considered and represented in the research on arts in healthcare. Further research is also required to strengthen the existing evidence base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This rapid review explores the role of arts activities in promoting the mental wellbeing and resilience of children and young people aged between 11 and 18 years.Methods: A systematic search of the literature was undertaken across 18 databases; no date limit was set on publication. Search terms included a range of creative activities: music, dance, singing, drama and visual arts; these were combined with terms linked to aspects of mental health, emotional wellbeing and resilience. Only studies related to activities that took place within community settings and those related to extracurricular activities based within schools were included.Results: Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight papers were included in the review. The interventions used in the studies were diverse and the research was heterogeneous; therefore, narrative synthesis of the results was conducted. The findings from the studies are considered in terms of the contribution the activities make to building resilience of children and young people. It was found that participating in arts activities can have a positive effect on self-confidence, self-esteem, relationship building and a sense of belonging, qualities which have been associated with resilience and mental wellbeing.Conclusions: Although the research evidence is limited, there is some support for providing structured group arts activities to help build resilience and contribute to positive mental wellbeing of children and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Loneliness and social isolation are pertinent issues for older people due to the life transitions and loss often experienced in later life. Research points towards the potential for participatory arts with older people to address loneliness and social isolation; however, there is little conceptualization of the mechanisms through which this can be promoted. This conceptual review brings together selected literature that reports on the social impacts of participatory arts with older people to develop a conceptual framework of themes that respond specifically to understandings of the experience of loneliness and social isolation. First, participatory arts can strengthen existing relationships and build new relationships by facilitating social interaction and promoting social capital, thus promoting social embeddedness in the community. Second, participatory arts can address the discrepancies between expected or desired relationships and reality by enhancing well-being, self-worth and a sense of belonging that helps older people to feel more content with their social lives. Third, participatory arts can be accessible and inclusive of everyone and enables older people to make a valued contribution towards the community, which facilitates meaningful social participation. This conceptual framework is a useful resource for those advocating for the value of older people participating in the arts. Key factors raised across the literature are discussed along with avenues for future research. Ultimately, the potential for participatory arts in reducing loneliness and social isolation is evident, but this potential needs further investigation and promotion to make a real difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and hospital admissions in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Method: CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, AMED, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library (database inception to July 2014) were searched. Relevant outcomes included relationships between PA and HRQoL, lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1) and/or hospital admission. Six quantitative and 11 qualitative studies were included and Harden's method of data synthesis in a mixed-methods systematic review was applied. Results: Six months following PR, increase activity levels was associated with improvement of 62m in 6MWD, 2.31 and 15.55 points increase in SGRQ and CRDQ total scores, respectively, 1.3% FEV1 and reduced dyspnoea. No study reported on hospital admission. Reported relationships were facilitated by healthcare professionals, social supporters, motivation and encouragement, reduced fear and seeing benefits and hindered by changing physical health, environment, lack of motivation, fear and social isolation. Conclusion: The associations between increased levels of PA and quality of life, respiratory function and dyspnoea are largely based on 6MWD and PA questionnaires. Objective measurement of free living activity in exercise maintenance phase is required along with participants' views. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a non-therapeutic intervention in which a team of multidisciplinary health care professionals use individually tailored supervised exercise training, self-management education, psychological and social support to optimize the physical and social performance and autonomy of patients with chronic respiratory impairment. Initial benefits from PR decline after program completion. Clinical guidelines advocate increase exercise and activity in sustaining initial benefits of PR. Following PR, increased levels of physical activity in people with COPD undertaking exercise maintenance programmes are positively related with improvements in exercise capacity, quality of life and dyspnoea. Barriers to activity participation in exercise maintenance programmes, which need to be overcome, are fear, lack of motivation, environmental factors, such as social isolation and changes in physical health. Rehabilitation professionals and social supporters can make rehabilitation more long-lasting and facilitate people with COPD to participate in activity by motivating and encouraging them, reducing their fears and reinforcing the benefits of activity participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and hospital admissions in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Method: CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, AMED, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library (database inception to July 2014) were searched. Relevant outcomes included relationships between PA and HRQoL, lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1) and/or hospital admission. Six quantitative and 11 qualitative studies were included and Harden's method of data synthesis in a mixed-methods systematic review was applied. Results: Six months following PR, increase activity levels was associated with improvement of 62m in 6MWD, 2.31 and 15.55 points increase in SGRQ and CRDQ total scores, respectively, 1.3% FEV1 and reduced dyspnoea. No study reported on hospital admission. Reported relationships were facilitated by healthcare professionals, social supporters, motivation and encouragement, reduced fear and seeing benefits and hindered by changing physical health, environment, lack of motivation, fear and social isolation. Conclusion: The associations between increased levels of PA and quality of life, respiratory function and dyspnoea are largely based on 6MWD and PA questionnaires. Objective measurement of free living activity in exercise maintenance phase is required along with participants' views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article documents the findings of a stakeholder consultation to explore the perceptions of senior managers on the impact of the assistant practitioner role, scope for further implementation, and to determine the perceived barriers to assistant practitioner use in the workforce. Interviews with directors of nursing or their nominated alternates were undertaken in sixteen provider organisations in two counties in England. Five main themes were identified: identifying and locating the assistant practitioner; implementation of the assistant practitioner role, challenges to implementing the role, education and training, regulation and registration. Organisations whose leaders are committed to implementing the assistant practitioner role and have expertise in leading change will have most success with the implementation and impact of the assistant practitioner role on service delivery. Implications for nursing management: The introduction of the assistant practitioner role within the workforce needs to be undertaken by an organisational wide implementation strategy where the potential contribution of the assistant practitioner within the workforce is clearly identified and valued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing randomized controlled trials within the health field suggest that the concept of randomization is not always well understood and that feelings of disappointment may occur when participants are not placed in their preferred arm. This may affect a study's rigour and ethical integrity if not addressed. We aimed to test whether these issues apply to a healthy volunteer sample within a health promotion trial of singing for older people. Written comments from control group participants at two points during the trial were analysed, together with individual semi-structured interviews with a small sample (n = 11) of this group. We found that motivation to participate in the trial was largely due to the appeal of singing and disappointment resulted from allocation to the control group. Understanding of randomization was generally good and feelings of disappointment lessened over time and with a post-research opportunity to sing. Findings suggest that measures should be put in place to minimize the potential negative impacts of randomized controlled trials in health promotion research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This rapid review of the literature explores the value of using participatory arts activities in residential care settings to enhance the health and well-being of older people. A rapid review of the literature published between 2000 and 2013 was undertaken and focused on participants aged 65 years and over living in residential care settings participating in arts activities such as music, dance, singing and the visual arts. The research methods used in the studies were varied, and a range of outcome measures were used, making overall synthesis of the studies difficult. Despite the methodological limitations of the studies, there is some suggestion that in the short term participating in arts activities improves mood, engagement and memory. There is some evidence that participating in arts-based activities has a role to play in improving the quality of life of older people living in residential care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article focuses on a research that was conducted to explore the effects of participating in creative activities on the health and well-being of children aging 11-18 years. It informs that the research was conducted systematically and examined effects of music, drama and visual arts taking place in mainstream schools. The findings indicated that health-promoting strategy may help increase knowledge and positive behaviours in child.

This article considers some of the methodological issues faced by a team working in the emerging field of participatory arts and health research. It argues that, in order to optimize research rigour, there is a need to address four fundamental issues. First, researchers should define the scope of the art(s) under study (in terms of domain, level of participation and potential impact); second, they should adopt a concept of health appropriate for the target sample group; third, the research method should be consistent with the extent and type of evidence already existing in the area and that to be sought; and finally, there is a need to select a means of data collection and communication that accurately represents both the outcomes/impacts of arts interventions and the experiences of research subjects, which may not be reducible to the language conventionally used in research. The issues are illustrated with an account of one research project being undertaken by the team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current levels of psychosocial distress in society are significant, as evidenced by the number of prescribed antidepressants and the numbers of working days lost as a result of stress and anxiety. There is a growing body of evidence that active involvement in creative activities provides a wide range of benefits, including the promotion of well-being, quality of life, health and social capital. In the U.K. there are currently a number of projects operating that offer Arts on Prescription for people experiencing mental health problems and social isolation. The purpose of such schemes is not to replace conventional therapies but rather to act as an adjunct, helping people in their recovery through creativity and increasing social engagement. Although the schemes are varied in their approaches and settings, the common theme is that there is a referral process and creative activities take place in the community facilitated by artists rather than therapists. This paper explores whether such schemes can be part of the solution to the current challenge of mental ill-health, and looks at the evidence supporting the value of such schemes which may influence government, funders and healthcare professionals to implement Arts on Prescription more widely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current levels of psychosocial distress in society are significant, as evidenced by the number of prescribed antidepressants and the numbers of working days lost as a result of stress and anxiety. There is a growing body of evidence that active involvement in creative activities provides a wide range of benefits, including the promotion of well-being, quality of life, health and social capital. In the UK there are currently a number of projects operating that offer Arts on Prescription for people experiencing mental health problems and social isolation. The purpose of such schemes is not to replace conventional therapies but rather to act as an adjunct, helping people in their recovery through creativity and increasing social engagement. Although the schemes are varied in their approaches and settings, the common theme is that there is a referral process and creative activities take place in the community facilitated by artists rather than therapists. This paper explores whether such schemes can be part of the solution to the current challenge of mental ill-health, and looks at the evidence supporting the value of such schemes which may influence government, funders and healthcare professionals to implement Arts on Prescription more widely. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Silver Song Club Project provides an opportunity for older people to come together regularly and participate in a programme of singing and music making, and is based on the principle that singing and music have the potential to benefit health and well-being. An evaluation was undertaken to investigate the development of the Silver Song Club Project, and to explore the experiences and benefits gained by participants. A total of 369 participants (in 26 song clubs across the south east) completed a short questionnaire to provide information on personal characteristics, previous musical experience, anticipation and enjoyment of the clubs and perceived benefits. It was found that those attending enjoy a positive experience; with two-thirds of those participating saying that it makes them feel better. It is argued that the sense of well-being experienced by people attending the sessions is due to the potential of singing well-known songs to act as a social catalyst, and the inherent physical and psychological characteristics of singing itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attention has recently been drawn to the contribution of the arts, and of singing in particular, to health and wellbeing. This article describes a qualitative research project which aimed to gain participants' views of taking part in Silver Song Clubs - community-based singing groups for older people. Seventeen individuals aged 60-plus from six clubs were interviewed and a number of benefits were identified. These included: enjoyment; better mental health and wellbeing; increased social interaction; improvements in physical health; cognitive stimulation and learning; and improved memory and recall. It is suggested that such benefits sit well within a model of health relevant to older people themselves. Community nurses working with this age group might consider including an assessment for interest in musical and related activities, and also should be aware of any local initiatives into which individuals can be referred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is a major cause of death and ill health, accounting for roughly one in four deaths in the UK. Concern with cancer services was expressed in the 1990s when it was reported that the quality of cancer care was patchy and variable, and clinical outcomes varied in different parts of the country. The Calman-Hine Report (1995) produced specific recommendations for the reorganizing and reconfiguring of cancer services, but although the Conservative government, which commissioned the report, endorsed its suggestions no additional funding was provided to implement the proposed changes, and consequently there remained variations in provision across geographical areas and between patients with different cancer types. However, since 1997 the Labour government has targeted cancer, appointing a Cancer Tsar, announcing a package of measures to“fight the war against cancer”, including the publication of a) and with Tony Blair pledging to end the postcode lottery for cancer treatment. This paper explores the concept of the“postcode lottery of cancer care”, why it exists and whether measures taken since the Calman-Hine Report and the Cancer Plan will address it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of the study reported here was to investigate whether the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) impacts on the clinical management of patients presenting with chronic knee problems, reduces costs, and improves patient outcome.Methods: A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients attending with knee problems in whom surgery was being considered were randomized either to investigation using an MRI scan or to investigation using arthroscopy. The study investigated benefits in terms of avoidance of surgery and patient health-related quality of life (using SF-36 and EQ-5D). Costs were assessed from the perspectives of the National Health Service and patients. All analyses were by intention to treat.Results: The trial recruited 118 patients. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in terms of health outcome. However, the use of MRI was associated with a positive diagnostic/therapeutic impact: a significantly smaller proportion of patients in the MRI group underwent surgery (MRI=0.41, No-MRI=0.71; p value=.001). There was a similar mean overall cost for both groups.Conclusions: The use of MRI in patients with chronic knee problems, in whom surgery was being considered, did not increase costs overall, was not associated with worse outcomes, and avoided surgery in a significant proportion of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of the study reported here was to investigate whether the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) impacts on the clinical management of patients presenting with chronic knee problems, reduces costs, and improves patient outcome.Methods: A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients attending with knee problems in whom surgery was being considered were randomized either to investigation using an MRI scan or to investigation using arthroscopy. The study investigated benefits in terms of avoidance of surgery and patient health-related quality of life (using SF-36 and EQ-5D). Costs were assessed from the perspectives of the National Health Service and patients. All analyses were by intention to treat.Results: The trial recruited 118 patients. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in terms of health outcome. However, the use of MRI was associated with a positive diagnostic/therapeutic impact: a significantly smaller proportion of patients in the MRI group underwent surgery (MRI = 0.41, No-MRI = 0.71; p value = .001). There was a similar mean overall cost for both groups.Conclusions: The use of MRI in patients with chronic knee problems, in whom surgery was being considered, did not increase costs overall, was not associated with worse outcomes, and avoided surgery in a significant proportion of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the benefits of drumming on well-being and health of individuals and communities. It tackles the significance of drumming circles and states that it provides a positive social group experience as drumming produces physiological, psychological and social stimulation. It also notes that the group drumming promotes the reduction of stress and advances the treatment for substance abuse.