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The Open Access movement has transformed the landscape of medical publishing. Federal regulations regarding Open Access have expanded in the USA, and journals have adapted by offering a variety of Open Access models that range widely in cost and accessibility. For junior faculty with little to no funding, navigating this ever-changing landscape while simultaneously balancing the pressures of publication and promotion may present a particular challenge. Open Access provides the opportunity to amplify the reach and impact of scientific research, yet it often comes at a cost that may not be universally affordable. In this perspective, we discuss the impact of Open Access through the lens of junior faculty in general internal medicine. We describe the potential benefits and pitfalls of Open Access on junior faculty with a focus on research dissemination and cost. Finally, we propose sustainable solutions at the individual and systems-level to help navigate the world of Open Access to promote career growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The majority of cardiac disorders are routinely diagnosed using echocardiography. Unfortunately, there might be a great deal of variability in measurements and difficulties interpreting them due to its operator- dependent nature and the quality of the image acquired. To lessen its drawbacks, the approach has made advances along its path of standardization and integration of new technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been included into this advancement in part recently. This study aimed to examine the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in echocardiography and explain how it could be enhanced. A systematic review was conducted using the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to search for articles on MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central databases from January 2000 to March 2024. A total of 729 references in searches of electronic databases, discarding 336 duplicates and another 359 excluded by title and/or abstract. We included 33 articles in this review, of which three were discarded because they did not fit the scope of the review according to the authors. Artificial intelligence (AI) overcomes the drawbacks of the traditional approach by automating and standardizing measurements and images, leading to more precise diagnoses. Echocardiography is still a field where artificial intelligence is still developing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of antibiotic growth promoters in broiler production has been the norm in developing countries, however, the increased rate of antibiotic resistance in humans has resulted in the search for alternatives without negative residual effects. This study investigated the effect of dietary olive garlic extract oil (OGEO) supplementation on the performance and haematological indices of broilers. The experiment lasted for 42 days and broilers were fed varying levels of OGEO‑supplemented diets at the starter (0–21 days) and finisher (22–42 days) phases using two hundred and forty unsexed Ross broilers. Four experimental diets were formulated for the two phases and the diets were designated as diet 1(control (without OGEO)) while diets 2, 3, and 4 were supplemented with OGEO at 1 % (10 g/kg diet) 3 % (30 g/kg diet) and 5 % (50 g/kg diet). Each had four replicates containing fifteen birds per replicate. Performance was measured weekly and haematological indices were determined on days 21 and 42. Data collected were analysed in a one‑way analysis of variance (SAS, 2000) and significant differences were determined using Tukey's test. Body weight (BW) increased linearly (L) (p = 0.003) and quadratically (Q) (p = 0.006) with dietary supplementation of OGEO at 1 % for broilers on day 21. Similarly, at day 42, BW increased (L, p = 0.006; Q, p = 0.029) for the broiler on the same treatment. Mortality reduced (Q, p = 0.035) for broilers fed 1 % OGEO‑supplemented diet at day 42. At day 21, Packed cell volume (PCV, 47.33 %) (Q, p = 0.033) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV, 130.83pg) (Q, p = 0.008) increased for broilers fed 1 % and 3 % OGEO supplemented diet respectively. Supplementation of OGEO at 3 % increased (Q, p = 0.036) PCV (37.33 %) and haemoglobin (Q, p = 0.021) (137.30 g/L) at day 42. In conclusion, the supplementation of OGEO in the diet of broilers at 1 % resulted in improved WG and reduced mortality. The PCV and haemoglobin of broilers can be increased with the supplementation of OGEO up to 3 % in the diet of broilers; it is thus a suitable alternative to antibiotics for improved performance and immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

308 Background: In the US, 77.3% of women aged 21-65 years have had a Pap smear within the past three years and around 75.9% of women aged 50-74 years reported having a mammogram within the past two years as recommended according to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). In UTRGV Resident-led Clinic located in Hidalgo County, the quality metrics data demonstrated screening satisfactory rate for cervical and breast cancer to be 18% in August 2023. This Quality Improvement project is aimed at enhancing the screening satisfactory rate of breast and cervical cancer by 20% at UTRGV Knapp IM Clinic by December 2023. Methods: First, we focused on the education of the residents through noon conference and 1:1 education. This included comprehensive instruction on latest USPSTF guidelines and proper documentation on the electronic health record system, Athena. Second, we introduced a patient screening questionnaire, available in both English and Spanish. These efforts were evaluated through a pre-and-post-intervention survey designed to assess changes in residents' confidence, aligning with quality metrics data. We obtained and filtered the quality metrics raw data to include all the current residents in PGY1-3 and summed the number of patients who had records of breast and cervical cancer screening and divided the sum of all patients that required the record. The satisfaction rate was rounded to the 2nd decimal place. Results: The raw data from 8/2023 showed screening satisfactory rate for cervical and breast cancer to be 18%. With the initiation of intervention, the data from 9/2023 showed rate of 35%, finally reaching 39% on 12/2023, fulfilling our aim of 20% increase in the screening satisfactory rate. Survey data shows that there was an improvement of confidence observed in both breast and cervical cancer screening. Respectively, 27.5% and 30.9% increase in the residents who responded confident in breast cancer and cervical cancer screening were observed. 84.4% of residents responded that they are less forgetfulness in screening patients after the intervention. There was 22.9% increase in residents who know how to record the cancer screening result in Athena. 87.5% of the residents responded that they experienced improvement in implementing and documenting the breast and cervical cancer screening. Conclusions: Despite several limitations in acquiring and analyzing the data, this QI project positively impacted both subjective and objective data for the improvement of the breast and cervical cancer screening, fulfilling our aim of 20% increase in screening satisfactory rate by December 2023. Breast and cervical screening satisfactory Rate. Month/year Number of patients requiring breast and cervical cancer screening Number of patients with satisfaction in breast and cervical cancer screening Satisfactory rate (%) 08/2023 42 229 18 9/2023 999 2844 35 10/2023 454 1458 31 11/2023 649 1771 37 12/2023 113 287 39 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We sought to understand whether women's empowerment and male partner engagement were associated with use of antenatal care (ANC). Women presenting for ANC in Nyanza province of Kenya between June 2015 and May 2016, were approached for participation. A total of 137 pregnant women and 96 male partners completed baseline assessments. Women's empowerment was measured using the modified Sexual Relationship Power Scale. ANC use measures included timing of the first ANC visit and number of visits. Male engagement was based on whether a husband reported accompanying his wife to one or more antenatal visits during the pregnancy. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors independently related to use and timing of ANC. Women with higher mean empowerment scores were likely to have more than one ANC visit in the index pregnancy [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.8, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1–7.3], but empowerment was not associated with early ANC use. Women who were more empowered were less likely to have a husband who reported attending an ANC visit with his wife (AOR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03–0.8). Women's empowerment is important and may be related to ANC use and engagement of male partners in complex ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]