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(1) Background: DIEP-based breast reconstruction necessitates wide undermining at the abdominal donor site, creating large wound areas. Flap harvesting is usually conducted using electrosurgical dissection devices. This study sought to compare the clinical outcomes in patients after using the PEAK PlasmaBlade (PPB) versus monopolar electrocautery (MPE). (2) Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 128 patients with DIEP-based breast reconstruction. Patient characteristics and information on the postoperative course were collected and a comparative evaluation was conducted. (3) Results: The MPE group exhibited significantly (p* = 0.0324) higher abdominal drainage volume (351.11 ± 185.96 mL) compared to the PPB group (279.38 ± 183.38 mL). A subgroup analysis demonstrated that PPB significantly reduced postoperative wound fluid in patients with BMI > 30 kg/m2 (p* = 0.0284), without prior neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p** = 0.0041), and among non-smokers (p = 0.0046). Furthermore, postoperative pain was significantly (p**** < 0.0001) lower in the PPB cohort. (4) Conclusions: This study confirms the non-inferiority of the PEAK PlasmaBlade to conventional electrocautery for abdominal flap harvesting. The PPB demonstrated advantages, notably reduced drainage volume and lower postoperative pain levels. Recognizing patient subsets that benefit more from the PPB highlights the importance of personalized device selection based on patient characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There are two variants regarding the low location of the patella in relation to the tibio-femoral joint line: patella baja (PB) and pseudo-patella baja (PPB). The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of PB and PPB in a cohort of patients that underwent revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) for aseptic reasons and describe any differences in each group's ROM. Methods: This retrospective study included 114 patients that underwent aseptic revision TKA surgery between 2017 and 2022. Patients were revised either for stiffness (Group 1) or aseptic loosening/instability (Group 2). The Insall-Salvati ratio (ISR) and Blackburne-Peel ratio (BPR) were used to evaluate the patellar position. ISR < 0.8 defined PB, while cases with ISR ≥ 0.8 and BPI < 0.54 were defined as PPB. ROM was measured and a subanalysis was conducted to investigate the progression of the values of ISR and BPR. Results: 55 patients comprised Group 1, and 59 patients comprised Group 2. Overall, 13 cases (11.4%) had PB before rTKA and 24 (21%) had PB after rTKA. Cases with PPB were 13 (11.4%) before and 34 (29.9%) after rTKA. Group 1 patients presented with more PB before and after rTKA (12.8% vs 10.2% and 27.3% vs 15.2% respectively). However, after rTKA Group 1 patients presented with less PPB (20%) compared to Group 2 (39%) (p = 0.02). In Group 1, patients with PPB after rTKA had less ROM compared to those without PPB [83.2 (± 21.9) vs 102.1 (± 19.9) (p = 0.025)]. The subanalysis (69 patients) showed a statistically significant decrease in ISR before and after rTKA (p = 0.041), and from the native knee to post-rTKA (p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant decrease in BPR before and after rTKA (p = 0.001) and from the native knee to both pre- and post-rTKA (p < 001). Conclusion: After undergoing rTKA, the incidences of both patella baja (PB) and pseudo-patella baja (PPB) increased. Stiffness in the knee was associated with a higher incidence of PB, while non-stiffness cases showed a significantly higher incidence of PPB. Patients with stiff knees and PPB after rTKA experienced a significant reduction in range of motion (ROM). Additionally, the study revealed a noteworthy decrease in ISR and BPR with each subsequent surgery. This information is crucial for healthcare providers, as it sheds light on potential risks and outcomes of rTKA, allowing for improved patient management and surgical decision-making. Level of evidence: III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Rider is an interesting example for those who seek to decrypt the construction and dissemination of certain preconceptions, or to build links between the daily actions of a people and its identity heritage. Placing the film at the heart of US culture today from the perspective of visual studies makes it easier to understand the minor place attributed to American Indian sport. The technical prowess of young Brady Blackburn leads into an accolade of an ancestral practice and criticism of a North American society that is unable, or unwilling, to truly integrate its minorities. Going against the flow of Hollywood movie directors and the tendency for their sport films to feature a clichéd heroic figure who responds in part to the needs of the general public, Chloé Zhao explores deep into American Indian singularity through a truly initiatory narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vancomycin soaking of the graft during arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been shown to be effective in reducing the rate of postoperative infection. Purpose/Hypothesis: The present study aimed to (1) analyze the effect of vancomycin-soaked grafts during arthroscopic anatomic reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) on the incidence of infection and (2) evaluate the influence of infection on functional outcomes and identify the risk factors of infection. It was hypothesized that vancomycin soaking of the graft would reduce the postoperative infection rate. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Consecutive patients at 2 centers who underwent ATFL/CFL reconstruction between December 2011 and July 2022 were included. All patients had undergone anterolateral arthroscopic debridement of the ankle and anatomic ATFL/CFL reconstruction with a gracilis tendon autograft. Vancomycin soaking of the graft was begun in both centers in January 2021. Complications, functional scores, return to sports (RTS) rates, and the level of return were compared between patients with and without vancomycin-soaked grafts and between patients with and without infection. Results: Overall, 182 patients (48% men; mean age, 34 ± 11.9 years) were included, with a mean follow-up of 23 ± 16.1 months. The rate of postoperative infection was significantly lower in the group with vancomycin soaking versus without (0/92 [0%] vs 8/90 [8.9%]; P =.001). At the final follow-up, there were 26 complications (14.3%): 8 infections, 6 recurrent tears, and 12 peripheral neuropathies. The infections developed after a mean of 17 ± 11 days. The functional scores were excellent at the final follow-up (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [AOFAS] Ankle-Hindfoot Score, 86.5 ± 18.7; Karlsson score, 85 ± 18.3). Patients with infection had significantly decreased AOFAS scores (52.8 ± 27.6 vs 83.3 ± 21.5; P =.003), Karlsson scores (57 ± 27.7 vs 83.6 ± 20; P =.006), and RTS rates (25% vs 77%; P =.005) versus patients without infection. Conclusion: Vancomycin-soaked grafts for arthroscopic anatomic ATFL/CFL reconstruction decreased the rate of postoperative infection. Infection led to a deterioration in results. Vancomycin-soaking of the graft did not have a negative effect on functional results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this study was to validate a scale that could help surgeons evaluate patients' psychological readiness to return to sport (RTS) after peroneal tendon pathology surgery. Methods: The Ankle Ligament Reconstruction‐Return to Sport after Injury (ALR‐RSI) scale, which had previously been validated in ankle ligament reconstruction patients, was adapted to evaluate the psychological preparedness for RTS in athletic patients who underwent peroneal tendinopathy surgery. The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Foot Ankle Ability Measurement (FAAM) scores were employed as patient‐related outcome measurement (PROM) instruments. Results: This study included 57 patients. There was a strong correlation between ALR‐RSI and both FAOS and FAAM (r = −0.68 and 0.74, respectively). ALR‐RSI was considerably higher in patients who returned to sports than in those who did not. The mean score was 72.9 ± 19.0 in patients who returned to the same preinjury level, 48.5 ± 24.0 in those who returned to a lower level and 53.6 ± 31.1 in patients who changed their athletic activity (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, ALR‐RSI showed at least a similar discrimination ability when compared to FAOS and FAAM. The test–retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.95. The Cronbach's α statistic used to measure the internal consistency was high (0.95). A Youden index of 0.65 was observed for a cut‐off score of 68 points. Conclusion: ALR‐RSI is a valid instrument for assessing psychological readiness to RTS in an athletic population following peroneal tendon surgery. When compared to the most commonly used PROMs, it was strongly correlated and demonstrated at least similar discrimination capacity. This could assist surgeons in identifying athletes who will have poor postoperative results and advising them on their capability to RTS. Level of Evidence: Level III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: While the overall incidence and prevalence of diaphragmatic paralysis are unknown due to a wide variety of underlying causes, symptomatic patients experience a marked decline in their quality of life. The goal of this study was to measure the impact of diaphragm plication surgery on the quality of life in patients who were diagnosed with diaphragmatic paralysis. METHODS: A retrospective review of the medical records of 46 patients who underwent diaphragmatic plication surgery was performed. The review included patients who experienced unilateral and bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Patients who underwent repeat diaphragm plication surgery were also included in the study. Patients from the retrospective cohort were then contacted by telephone to answer the Dyspnea-12 (D-12) questionnaire. Patients were asked to recall the severity of their symptoms and quality of life preplication, 1-month postplication, and 6-month postplication. Severity of symptoms was ranked as either none, mild, moderate, or severe. Values were then assigned to each rank as follows: none = 0, mild = 1, moderate = 2, and severe = 3. Relative change and statistical significance were calculated with preplication measurements used as the baseline. Scores between preplication versus 1-month postplication and 6-month postplication were then compared by Student's paired t-test. All tests were two-sided and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were included in the study, from which 21 answered the D-12 questionnaire. Average scores from each component of the D-12 questionnaire showed improvement in the severity of symptoms from preplication to 1-month postplication. The latter period was then followed by continued improvement in all areas when symptoms 6-month postplication were assessed. CONCLUSION: In patients with diaphragmatic paralysis, diaphragm plication was effective in reducing patients' symptoms while improving overall quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) refractory to conventional treatment strategies represent an unmet medical need. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a controversially discussed treatment option in MM, only used in selected patients due to its high rates of morbidities and mortality. We present a retrospective analysis of all MM patients who underwent allo-HSCT at our center during the last 10 years. In the overall cohort, and especially in patients with at least VGPR prior to allo-HSCT, remarkable long-term survival is possible. Therefore, even in the context of new treatment modalities, allo-HSCT may still offer a therapeutic option for individual MM patients. Background: Despite major treatment advances, multiple myeloma remains incurable. The outcome of patients who are refractory to immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies is poor, and improved treatment strategies for this difficult-to-treat patient population are an unmet medical need. Methods: This retrospective, unicentric analysis included 38 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma or plasma cell leukemia who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) between 2013 and 2022. Survival outcomes, relapse incidence, and non-relapse mortality were calculated according to remission status, date of allo-HSCT, cytogenetic risk status, timing, and number of previous autologous HSCTs. Results: The median PFS was 13.6 months (95% CI, 7.7–30.4) and the median OS was 51.4 months (95% CI, 23.5–NA) in the overall cohort. The cumulative incidence of relapse at 3 years was 57%, and non-relapse mortality was 16%. The median PFS and OS were significantly longer in patients with very good partial remission (VGPR) or better compared to patients with less than VGPR at the time of allo-HSCT (mPFS 29.7 months (95% CI, 13.7–NA) vs. 6.5 months (95% CI, 2.6–17.0); p = 0.009 and mOS not reached vs. 18.6 months (95% CI, 7.0–NA); p = 0.006). Conclusion: For selected patients, allo-HSCT may result in favorable overall survival, in part by providing an appropriate hemato-immunological basis for subsequent therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional disparities are pronounced and persistent. Regional data of high quality are needed to improve the understanding of the origins and consequences of regional disparities and the effectiveness of regional policies through empirical analysis. Against the background of existing problems with regard to both the access to and the provision of high-quality regional data, this paper derives recommendations for action to improve the supply of regional data for the purpose of scientific analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MgCl2-NaCl-KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature (> 700 °C) thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power plants. Adding Mg into molten MgCl2-NaCl-KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe-Cr-Ni alloys. However, it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700 °C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid form. The corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous work. Microscopic analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi2/Mg2Ni compounds. The Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys, with the thickness around 204 μm (stainless steel 310) and 1300 μm (Incoloy 800H), respectively. These results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl2-NaCl-KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automatisierungstechnik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Thermal energy storage (TES) based on molten salts has been identified as a key player in the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. Solar Salt, a mixture of NaNO3 (60 wt%) and KNO3 (40 wt%), is currently the most advanced heat transfer and storage material used in concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. Here, it is utilized to produce electricity via a Rankine cycle, with steam temperatures reaching 550 °C. The goal of this study is to increase the operating temperature of solar salt to over 600 °C, allowing it to be adapted for use in high-temperature Rankine cycles with steam temperatures greater than 600 °C. Yet, this goal is impaired by the lack of available thermodynamic data given the salt's complex high-temperature decomposition and corrosion chemistry. The study explores the thermodynamics of the decomposition reactions in solar salt, with a focus on suppressing decomposition into corrosive oxide ions up to a temperature of 620 °C. The results provide a new understanding of the stabilization of solar salt at previously unexplored temperatures with effective utilization of gas management techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes Patrick Imbert's The Summit of the Gods (2021), which functions as a noteworthy example of animated sports film. As a result, the study of this animated film on climbing and of the authorial decisions made by Patrick Imbert and his collaborators is located at the intersection of several fields, which include the history of sport manga, the sociology of extreme sports, the philosophy of self-transcendence, as well as the literary (de)construction of transmedia storytelling. Consequently, the need to employ various sources becomes manifest in order to aptly frame the multiple significations present in both the form and the content of the film: the historical account of George Mallory's and Andrew Irvine's ascent, the playful comparisons between manga and animation, the director's personal commentaries as well as the film's reception and critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: This work aimed to conduct a comparative study, providing long-term data about patient-reported outcome measures and donor site scar assessments, as well as an aesthetic evaluation of the reconstructed breasts in patients with DIEP versus PAP flap breast reconstruction. (2) Methods: This prospective, single-center, matched cohort study included a total of 36 patients after DIEP and PAP flap breast reconstruction. The evaluation was carried out using the Breast-Q and POSAS questionnaire, as well as the Breast Aesthetic Scale for cosmetic analysis, by four plastic surgeons. (3) Results: The postoperative Breast-Q evaluation revealed no significant differences between both patient groups for the categories of the physical well-being of the donor site, the physical well-being of the breast, and satisfaction with the breast. A scar evaluation of the donor site region showed equivalent results for the thigh and abdomen regions, concerning the overall opinion of the patients and the observers. There was no significant difference between both methods of reconstruction for all aspects of breast aesthetics. (4) Conclusions: Similar results for donor site morbidity, scar quality, and the aesthetic outcome of the breasts in both the DIEP and PAP patient groups have been demonstrated. Hence, in those cases suitable for both types of reconstruction, the decision can be based on factors such as patients' lifestyles, leisure activities, and preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital federated platforms and data cooperatives for secure, trusted and sovereign data exchange will play a central role in the construction industry of the future. With the help of platforms, cooperatives and their novel value creation, the digital transformation and the degree of organization of the construction value chain can be taken to a new level of collaboration. The goal of this research project was to develop an experimental prototype for a federated innovation data platform along with a suitable exemplary use case. The prototype is to serve the construction industry as a demonstrator for further developments and form the basis for an innovation platform. It exemplifies how an overall concept is concretely implemented along one or more use cases that address high-priority industry pain points. This concept will create a blueprint and a framework for further developments, which will then be further established in the market. The research project illuminates the perspective of various governance innovations to increase industry collaboration, productivity and capital project performance and transparency as well as the overall potential of possible platform business models. However, a comprehensive expert survey revealed that there are considerable obstacles to trust-based data exchange between the key stakeholders in the industry value network. The obstacles to cooperation are predominantly not of a technical nature but rather of a competitive, predominantly trust-related nature. To overcome these obstacles and create a pre-competitive space of trust, the authors therefore propose the governance structure of a data cooperative model, which is discussed in detail in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this note we contribute to the study of Seshadri constants on abelian and bielliptic surfaces. We specifically focus on bounds that hold on all such surfaces, depending only on the self-intersection of the ample line bundle under consideration. Our result improves previous bounds and it provides rational numbers as bounds, which are potential Seshadri constants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the relationship between pre-operative psychological state, postoperative pain and function one year after total shoulder, hip or knee arthroplasty.Methods: Patients undergoing shoulder, hip or knee arthroplasty between March 2014 and November 2015 were included. Pain catastrophizing score (PCS) was determined preoperatively, at six months and at one year follow-up. Joint pain at rest was quantified using a Visual Analogue Scale (0‒100). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory or Geriatric Depression Score, situational anxiety and dispositional anxiety were measured using the State-Trait Inventory and joint function was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index for the hip and knee and Oxford Shoulder Score for the shoulder.Results: A total of 266 patients were included (65% female; mean (± SD) age: 71.8 ± 10.3 years; mean body mass index: 27.5 ± 5.0 kg/m2). Pre-operative PCS was significantly correlated with pain > 30/100 at one year and with functional scores, for all joints. Multivariate analysis identified the following variables as risk factors for pain intensity > 30/100 at one year: pre-operative PCS > 20/52 (OR = 3.5 ± 1.1 [95% CI: 1.9‒6.6]; p = 0.0001), trait-anxiety score ≥ 46 (OR = 2.4 ± 0.9 [95% CI: 1.1‒5.2]; p = 0.03), pre-operative pain ≥ 60/100 (OR = 3.2 ± 1 [95% CI: 1.8‒6.1]; p = 0.0001) and pain for at least 3 years (OR = 1.8 ± 0.6 [95% CI: 1‒3.4]; p = 0.04).Conclusion: Pre-operative pain catastrophizing and trait-anxiety are risk factors for post-operative pain after shoulder, hip and knee arthroplasty.Trial Registration Number: www.Clinicaltrials: gov NCT02361359. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trapped neutrophil syndrome is a rare congenital disease recognized in Border Collies and is characterized by persistent neutropenia with myeloid hyperplasia. The mechanism of neutropenia has not been described. We document the case of a young Border Collie diagnosed with trapped neutrophil syndrome based on clinical features, blood and bone marrow evaluation, and presence of the associated homozygous mutation. Results from flow cytometric and storage studies suggested lower neutrophil survival time. The dog had substantial neutrophilic inflammation in multiple organs, indicating that neutrophils could leave the marrow and enter tissues, making the term "trapped" neutrophil syndrome a misnomer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon nanofiber nonwovens represent a powerful class of materials with prospective application in filtration technology or as electrodes with high surface area in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. While new precursor‐to‐carbon conversion processes have been explored to overcome productivity restrictions for carbon fiber tows, alternatives for the two‐step thermal conversion of polyacrylonitrile precursors into carbon fiber nonwovens are absent. In this work, we develop a continuous roll‐to‐roll stabilization process using an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma jet. We explore the influence of various plasma‐jet parameters on the morphology of the nonwoven and compare the stabilized nonwoven to thermally stabilized samples using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. We show that stabilization with a non‐equilibrium plasma‐jet can be twice as productive as the conventional thermal stabilization in a convection furnace, while producing electrodes of comparable electrochemical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cinematic studies support that the fiction film, though distorted by a socially constructed point of view, can be used to extract the salient elements circulating in the collective imaginary. If analyses on sports movies have been prolific these last years, ping-pong has often been left out, considered in collective representations as a pleasant form of entertainment rather than a real sport. Based on a representative sample of twenty nine international films in which the ping-pong ball plays a key narrative role, this article aims to go beyond the common interpretation of ping-pong which is based on its Asian background and comical nature, and to establish a more comprehensive cinematic cartography. We conclude that directors interested in social values often take ping-pong as a suggestive metaphor to illustrate life, particularly love in all its forms, humanity in relation to history, education and cultural diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Movement & Sport Sciences / Science & Motricité is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of JMD: Journal für Mathematik-Didaktik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap represents a valuable alternative to the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap which, nowadays, is considered the golden standard for autologous breast reconstruction. The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term satisfaction, functional outcomes of the donor site following PAP flap-based breast reconstruction and to present our personal learning experience along with suggestions for technique refinements. Methods: In this prospective single-center appraisal, 18 patients who underwent PAP flap-based breast reconstruction between January 2016 and November 2019 were enrolled. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) and the Breast-Q questionnaire were employed to evaluate the results 12 months postoperative. Data were analyzed with the Q-Score program. Complications were recorded in the medical database and classified with the Clavien-Dindo classification. Results: In the questionable time frame, 164 female patients underwent free flap breast reconstruction. Of those, 18 patients that received PAP flaps (9 bilateral) were included in this study. We recorded one flap loss because of venous failure. Most complications concerned the donor site, including hematoma, seroma, and wound healing problems. Patients' satisfaction was high at 12 months post-surgery, despite critical evaluation of the donor site scar. Conclusion: The PAP flap serves as an excellent option for breast reconstruction in patients who do not have abundant abdominal tissue. The overall clinical outcome was good and patients' evaluation showed high satisfaction after 12 months despite high complication rates. Modifications in planning and flap harvesting might improve the donor site outcome and the overall complication rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of topological concepts to the design of photonic crystal cavities holds great promise for applications in integrated photonics due to the prospect of topological protection. This study examines the signatures of topological light confinement in the leakage radiation of 2D topological photonic crystal cavities. The cavities are implemented in an all-dielectric platform that features the photonic quantum spin Hall effect at telecom wavelengths and supports helical edge states that are weakly coupled to the radiation continuum. The modes of resonators scaling down to single point defects in the surrounding bulk lattice are characterized via spectral position and multipolar nature of the eigenstates. The mode profiles in real and momentum space are mapped using far-field imaging and Fourier-spectropolarimetry, revealing how certain properties of the cavity modes reflect on their origin in the topological bandstructure. This includes band-inversion-induced confinement and inverted scaling of mode spectra for trivial and topological defect cavities. Furthermore, hallmarks of topological protection in the loss rates are demonstrated, which are largely unaffected by cavity shape and size. The results constitute an important step toward the use of radiative topological cavities for on-chip confinement of light, control of emitted wave fronts, and enhancement of light–matter interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimentally determined protein structures often feature missing domains. One example is the C‐terminal domain (CTD) of the hepatitis B virus capsid protein, a functionally central part of this assembly, crucial in regulating nucleic‐acid interactions, cellular trafficking, nuclear import, particle assembly and maturation. However, its structure remained elusive to all current techniques, including NMR. Here we show that the recently developed proton‐detected fast magic‐angle‐spinning solid‐state NMR at >100 kHz MAS allows one to detect this domain and unveil its structural and dynamic behavior. We describe the experimental framework used and compare the domain's behavior in different capsid states. The developed approaches extend solid‐state NMR observations to residues characterized by large‐amplitude motion on the microsecond timescale, and shall allow one to shed light on other flexible protein domains still lacking their structural and dynamic characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimentally determined protein structures often feature missing domains. One example is the C‐terminal domain (CTD) of the hepatitis B virus capsid protein, a functionally central part of this assembly, crucial in regulating nucleic‐acid interactions, cellular trafficking, nuclear import, particle assembly and maturation. However, its structure remained elusive to all current techniques, including NMR. Here we show that the recently developed proton‐detected fast magic‐angle‐spinning solid‐state NMR at >100 kHz MAS allows one to detect this domain and unveil its structural and dynamic behavior. We describe the experimental framework used and compare the domain's behavior in different capsid states. The developed approaches extend solid‐state NMR observations to residues characterized by large‐amplitude motion on the microsecond timescale, and shall allow one to shed light on other flexible protein domains still lacking their structural and dynamic characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transverse myocutaneous gracilis (TMG) and the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap are both safe choices for autologous breast reconstruction originating from the same donor region in the upper thigh. We aimed to compare the post-operative outcome regarding donor-site morbidity and quality of life. We included 18 patients who had undergone autologous breast reconstruction with a PAP flap (n = 27 flaps). Prospective evaluation of donor-site morbidity was performed by applying the same questionnaire that had already been established in a previous study evaluating TMG flap (n = 25 flaps) outcome, and results were compared. Comparison of the two patient groups showed equivalent results concerning patient-reported visibility of the donor-site scar and thigh symmetry. Still, the TMG group was significantly more satisfied with the scar (p = 0.015) and its position (p = 0.001). No difference was found regarding the ability to sit for prolonged periods. Donor-site wound complications were seen more frequently in the PAP group (29.6%) than in the TMG group (4.0%). Both groups expressed rather high satisfaction with their quality of life. Both flaps show minimal functional donor-site morbidity and high patient satisfaction. To minimize wound healing problems in PAP patients, thorough planning of the skin paddle is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A subset of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for knee osteoarthritis develop debilitating knee stiffness (reduced range of motion) for poorly understood reasons. Dysregulated inflammatory and immune responses to surgery correlate with reduced surgical outcomes, but the dysregulated gene signatures in patients with stiffness after TKA are poorly defined. As a consequence, we are limited in our ability to identify patients at risk of developing poor surgical outcomes and develop preventative approaches. In this pilot study we aimed to identify perioperative blood gene signatures in patients undergoing TKA for knee osteoarthritis and its association with early surgical outcomes, specifically knee range of motion. To do this, we integrated clinical outcomes collected at 6 weeks after surgery with transcriptomics analyses in blood samples collected immediately before surgery and at 24 h after surgery. We found that patients with stiffness at 6 weeks after surgery have a more variable and attenuated circulating gene expression response immediately after surgery. Our results suggest that patients with stiffness following TKA may have distinct gene expression signatures detectable in peripheral blood in the immediate postoperative period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Well-implemented and functioning land administration systems are able to improve the wellbeing of rural households and support the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. As cadastral data are an essential part of a modern land administration system for documenting and securing the boundaries of parcels, Ethiopia recently embarked on one of the largest land surveying programs for rural land registration in Africa. Cadastral and land registration data provided by the land administration office of the woreda were analyzed using a Geographical Information System to investigate whether parcels of female-headed households were disadvantaged compared to parcels of male-headed households with regard to parcel size, parcel features, and access to infrastructure. In addition, the situation of female-headed households after the land registration process was analyzed in more detail. To this aim, quantitative and qualitative data were collected in the Ethiopian Machakel woreda through a household survey, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The results document no significant gender discrepancies in parcel features and access to infrastructures. In general, women confirmed an improvement in the wellbeing of female-headed households after the land registration and certification process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The molten‐salt catalytic conversion of biomass into synthetic fuels is one of the promising renewable energy topics of the 21st century. Mixtures of Zn–Na–K//Cl have gained attention, acting as catalytically active heat transfer fluids in the conversion process, due to their low costs and principally low melting points which effectively lower the required operating temperature in the catalytic reactor. Herein, the corrosion behavior of three candidate steels, SS316L, SS321, and Alloy 800, in the pure molten salt, in a salt–biomass mix, and in a salt–biomass mix containing a corrosion inhibitor (zinc oxide (ZnO)) is comprehensively investigated. The herein described study demonstrates that biomass additions increase the penetration depth of the salt, and the corrosion mechanism leads to partial spalling of the oxide scale. This is attributed to the presence of oxygen and moisture from the biomass leading to the formation of reactive HCl gas. The addition of ZnO reduced the corrosivity of the molten salt–biomass mix, and all alloys obtained a protective, adherent, and thin oxide scale leading to the conclusion that ZnO indeed is an effective corrosion inhibitor for the presented salt system. These findings constitute a major advance in the implementation of molten salt‐catalytic reactors for renewable synthetic fuel production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trade show booths are focal points in exhibitors' trade show marketing, as well as platforms for meeting different target groups, most important new and existing customers. Booth designs thus need to attract trade show attendees' attention; this study explores which design elements are most effective for doing so. Using eye-tracking technology, it reveals which design elements attract visitors' visual gaze, using both and comparing a two-dimensional photographic artwork based laboratory study to an actual three-dimensional visual live experience context. The results indicate comparable gaze patterns and relative importance of design elements in both research settings, such that the same design elements attract the most attention in lab and live communication environments. Distraction and sensory overload result in considerably fewer absolute gaze contacts on trade show floors though. Furthermore, the results show that visually outstanding components such as towers, canopies, furniture, or interaction elements compel more attention than wallpaper or screens. This study validates the use of eye-tracking tools in three-dimensional contexts. It also offers managerial recommendations to exhibitors to include visually remarkable elements in their booths and to rely on eye-tracking techniques to evaluate available design options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Psychological readiness scores have been developed to optimize the return to play in many sports-related injuries. The purpose of this study was to statistically validate the ankle ligament reconstruction-return to sport injury (ALR-RSI) scale after modified Broström-Gould (MBG) procedure. Methods: A similar version of the ACL-RSI scale with 12 items was adapted to quantify the psychological readiness to RTS after MBG and to describe construct validity, discriminant validity, feasibility, reliability and internal consistency of the scale, according to the COSMIN methodology. The term "knee" was replaced by "ankle". The AOFAS and Karlsson scores were used as references patient-related outcome measurements (PROMs). Results: A total of 71 patients were included. The ALR-RSI score after MBG procedure was highly (r > 0.5) correlated to the AOFAS and Karlsson scores, with a Pearson coefficient r = 0.69 [0.54–0.80] and 0.72 [0.53–0.82], respectively. The mean ALR-RSI score was significantly greater in the subgroup of 55 patients who resumed sports activity compared to those that no longer practiced sport: 61.9 (43.8–79.6) vs 43.4 (25.0–55.6), (p = 0.01). The test–retest showed an "excellent" reproducibility with a ρ intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.93 [0.86–0.96]. The Cronbach's alpha statistic was 0.95, attesting an "excellent" internal consistency between the 12 ALR-RSI items. Conclusion: The ALR-RSI score is a valid and reproducible tool for the assessment of psychological readiness to RTS after an MBG procedure for the management of CLAI, in a young and active population. The ALR-RSI score may help to identify and counsel athletes on their ability to return to sport. Level of evidence: III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The defossilization of the electricity and heat supply in the chemical industry poses a significant challenge. In particular, the intended feed‐in of volatile renewable electricity into the chemical processes may conflict with the need for a constant, secure and affordable electricity and heat supply for chemical plants. Adapted concepts for the operation of the cogeneration plant, which is located at the chemical site, play a central role. The present work defines a so‐called ideal‐typical utility infrastructure (iUI). The iUI is a means to exemplarily investigate the operational behavior of utility infrastructures and furthermore to identify defossilization options for process steam and electricity supply at chemical sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In primary metatarsalgia, Distal Minimally invasive Metatarsal Osteotomy (DMMO) achieves a correct load distribution which is a factor in pain relief, but contrary to the elevation of the metatarsal head, shortening the metatarsal length has no influence on plantar-loading parameters, while the increased metatarsal length is a factor in the development of metatarsalgia. Thus, we hypothesized that metatarsalgia could be partly related to a functional imbalance between bone structure and soft tissues and pain relief after DMMO results from soft tissue relaxation. Methods: Many authors have highlighted the correlation between joint pressure and periarticular soft tissue tension. To test our hypothesis, we measured intra-operatively the MTPJ pressure of 19 patients suffering from primary metatarsalgia, before and after DMMO. This pressure is being analyzed as a reflection of joint decompression and forefoot soft tissue release. Many authors have highlighted the correlation between joint pressure and periarticular soft tissue tension. Results: Lower metatarsals presenting metatarsalgia show a significantly lower MTPJ pressure compared to asymptomatic rays, and DMMO induces a significant increase of MTPJ pressure. Conclusion: Those variations reflect the functional imbalance between bone structure and soft tissue in primary metatarsalgia. The biomechanical rationale of the shortening effect of DMMO could therefore be explained by the release of forefoot soft tissue, which could take part in the pain relief by restoring this balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seshadri constants on abelian surfaces are fully understood in the case of Picard number one. Little is known so far for simple abelian surfaces of higher Picard number. In this paper we investigate principally polarized abelian surfaces with real multiplication. They are of Picard number two and might be considered the next natural case to be studied. The challenge is to not only determine the Seshadri constants of individual line bundles, but to understand the whole Seshadri function on these surfaces. Our results show on the one hand that this function is surprisingly complex: on surfaces with real multiplication in Z [ e ] it consists of linear segments that are never adjacent to each other—it behaves like the Cantor function. On the other hand, we prove that the Seshadri function is invariant under an infinite group of automorphisms, which shows that it does have interesting regular behavior globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and validate in French the Ankle Ligament Reconstruction - Return to Sport after Injury (ALR-RSI), a 12-item English language scale assessing the psychological impact of returning to sports after ACL reconstruction. Our hypothesis was that the French version of the ALR-RSI scale would be valid and adaptable to the French population. Methods: The procedure followed the guidelines for the intercultural adaptation of the self-administered questionnaires. A version of the ALR-RSI-Fr questionnaire was validated according to the international guidelines of COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments). A prospective study was conducted between March 2020 and June 2021. The study included two population groups, the first one being that of adult athletes of all levels who underwent arthroscopic ankle ligament reconstruction and the second being that of adult athletes who did not suffer from any ankle problems. After consent, patients completed three questionnaires, the ALR-RSI-Fr, the AOFAS and the Karlsson score. Results: The study included 30 patients and 30 controls who were all athletes. The mean age of the patients was 34.6 with 60% male and 40% female. The average time for patients to return to sport was 5.6 months. Twenty-nine patients (96.6%) underwent arthroscopic ankle reconstruction while only one was eligible for ligament reinsertion. The control group with demographic data matched to the patient group was included in this study. Correlations between ALRSI, the total Karlsson score and its different sub items and the AOFAS were estimated using Spearman coefficients. Discriminant validity was tested between the "patient" and "control" groups and sub-groups using the Wilcoxon tests. Reliability was evaluated on the ρ intraclass correlation coefficient (ICCC). A strong correlation was noted between the ALR-RSI-Fr , Karlsson and AOFAS with a Spearman score of 0.90 [0.76-0.96].A highly significant difference was found between the "patient" and "control" groups. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was excellent with a Cronbach's alfa of 0.94. Reproducibility was "excellent" with an interclass correlation coefficient of q = 0.97 [0.94-0.99]. Conclusion: This study showed that the cross-cultural adaptation of the English version of the ALR-RSI was successful and validated for the French-speaking population. The discriminant capacity of the scale between patients who underwent reconstruction and healthy subjects was also confirmed. This questionnaire will allow surgeons to better evaluate the psychological impact of returning to sports after ankle ligament reconstruction in French speaking patients Level of evidence: LEVEL II: Prospective cohort study (patients enrolled at different points in their disease) Control arm of randomized trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fat grafting is a well‐established method in plastic surgery. Despite many technical advances, standardised recommendations for the use of prophylactic antibiotics in fat grafting are not available. This retrospective multicentre study aims to analyse the use of prophylactic antibiotics in fat grafting and to compare complication rates for different protocols. A retrospective medical chart review of 340 patients treated with fat grafting of the breast from January 2007 to March 2019 was performed in three plastic surgery centres. Complications, outcomes, and antibiotic regimes were analysed. The Clavien‐Dindo classification was applied. All patients received perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis: 33.8% (n = 115) were treated with a single shot (group 1), 66.2% (n = 225) received a prolonged antibiotic scheme (group 2). There was no significant difference in the number of sessions (P =.475). The overall complication rate was 21.6% (n = 75), including graft resorption, fat necrosis, infection, and wound healing problems. Complication rates were not significantly different between groups. Risk factors for elevated complication rates in this specific patient group are smoking, chemotherapy, and irradiation therapy. The complication rate for lipografting of the breast is low, and it is not correlated to the antibiotic protocol. The use of prolonged prophylactic antibiotics does not lower the complication rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: GATA2 deficiency was described in 2011, and shortly thereafter allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was shown to reverse the hematologic disease phenotype. However, there remain major unanswered questions regarding the type of conditioning regimen, type of donors, and graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. We report 59 patients with GATA2 mutations undergoing HSCT at National Institutes of Health between 2013 and 2020. Primary endpoints were engraftment, reverse of the clinical phenotype, secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), and the incidence of acute and chronic GVHD. The OS and EFS at 4 years were 85·1% and 82·1% respectively. Ninety‐six percent of surviving patients had reversal of the hematologic disease phenotype by one‐year post‐transplant. Incidence of grade III‐IV aGVHD in matched related donor (MRD) and matched unrelated donor recipients (URD) patients receiving Tacrolimus/Methotrexate for GVHD prophylaxis was 32%. In contrast, in the MRD and URD who received post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PT/Cy), no patient developed grade III‐IV aGVHD. Six percent of haploidentical related donor (HRD) recipients developed grade III‐IV aGVHD. In summary, a busulfan‐based HSCT regimen in GATA2 deficiency reverses the hematologic disease phenotype, and the use of PT/Cy reduced the risk of both aGVHD and cGVHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the question of whether on smooth projective surfaces the denominators in the volumes of big line bundles are bounded. In particular, we investigate how this condition is related to bounded negativity (i.e. the boundedness of self-intersections of irreducible curves). Our 1st result shows that boundedness of volume denominators is equivalent to primitive bounded negativity , which in turn is implied by bounded negativity. We connect this result to the study of semi-effective orders of divisors: our 2nd result shows that negative classes exist, which become effective only after taking an arbitrarily large multiple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myositis ossificans traumatica (MOT) describes a benign form of ectopic ossification of soft tissue, most commonly skeletal muscle, that occurs in reaction to trauma. Treatment is indicated if important neurovascular structures are compressed or displaced and in case of functional restrictions that hamper movements of daily life. We report the case of a patient who developed increasing palsy of the left deltoid and biceps brachii muscles 8 weeks after multiple injuries sustained in a car accident. Ultrasound and x-rays pointed towards a calcified mass compressing the left brachial plexus. Four months after the precipitating trauma, the mass was surgically resected. Surgical exploration and histopathology yielded the diagnosis of MOT. At a 3-month follow-up visit, the patient experienced complete functional recovery and has remained recurrence free. To our knowledge, this case represents the first report in which MOT caused complete brachial plexus palsy. The findings support the argument that surgical treatment for MOT does not have to be delayed until 6–12 months after the initial trauma to await full maturation. Clinical symptoms extending to complete palsy can result from posttraumatic ectopic calcification. Early surgical intervention in the case of persistence or deterioration of symptoms is indicated. A full remission of nerve and motor function is possible. Level of evidence: Level V, risk/prognostic study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Right-sided diaphragmatic injury is an uncommon sequelae from blunt trauma and may be associated with other severe thoracoabdominal injuries. This injury can be easily missed on initial assessment and a high index of suspicion and clinical judgment is required. Recently, we treated a 25-year-old male inflicted with a right-sided diaphragmatic injury after a left-sided transhumeral amputation sustained from an overturned motor vehicle collision with thoracoscopic exploration and reapproximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since the development of the last generation of implants total ankle replacements (TAR) is becoming more and more popular in patients and in specialized surgeon teams, the trend for outpatient surgery is growing, and protocols now are well established for hip or knee replacement. We adapted a protocol for outpatient TAR and hypothesized that it could be performed safely as standard procedure. Patients and methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients among 141 TAR were treated with our outpatient protocol relying on three fundamentals: bleed control, pain control, and autonomy. They received 1 g of tranexamic acid before surgery, and after discard from post-operative care unit, they were operated under long-lasting nerve block precociously relayed by oral NSAIDs and had an immediate full weight-bearing authorization at discharge. Results: No patients we readmitted for an acute care following TAR, especially for haematoma or uncontrolled pain. Mean VAS was < 1 before discharge from post-operative care unit and < 2 until day 90. One patient had a delayed wound healing treated surgically at day 30 without implant revision. Conclusion: Outpatient TAR is possible and safe if a risk management process is used, and the three basic principles for outpatient procedures are respected: bleed control, pain control, and patient autonomy. We consider now this modality as a routine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]