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The serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 ( SERPINE1) gene encodes plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI), which is the major physiological inhibitor of tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators and plays a role in obesity and insulin resistance in women but not in men. We detected SNP FN396538:g.566G>A in intron 3 and a non-synonymous substitution NM_213910:c.612A>G in exon 3 (p.Ile159Val) and mapped the gene to position 8.4 cM on the linkage map of chromosome 3. Association analyses were conducted on the 12th-15th generation of the Meishan × Large White (MLW) cross ( n = 565), with records for weight at the end of test, lifetime daily gain, test time daily gain, loin depth and backfat depth, as well as on a European wild boar × Meishan (W × M) F2 population ( n = 333) with 47 traits recorded for carcass composition and meat quality. Analyses performed across the entire MLW population or in the male animals did not show any trait significantly associated with the loci studied. In female animals, both SNPs were associated with loin depth at nominal P < 0.05 with adjusted P values equal to 0.051 (g.566) and 0.057 (c.612). Differences between homozygotes were up to 0.65 SD. In the entire W × M population and female animals, SERPINE1 was significantly associated at adjusted P < 0.05 in descending order with muscling, growth and fat accretion and in male animals with meat quality ( R-value). In the studied populations, allele effects were in opposite directions, which implies that the SNPs are markers that are in linkage disequilibrium with a causative mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NAMPT encodes an enzyme catalysing the rate-limiting step in NAD biosynthesis. The extracellular form of the enzyme is known as adipokine visfatin. We detected SNP AM999341:g.669T>C (referred to as 669T>C) in intron 9 and SNP FN392209:g.358A>G (referred to as 358A>G) in the promoter of the gene. RH mapping linked the gene to microsatellite SW944. Linkage analysis placed the gene on the current USDA - USMARC linkage map at position 92 cM on SSC9. Association analyses were performed in a wild boar × Meishan F family (W × M), with 45 traits recorded (growth and fattening, fat deposition, muscling, meat quality, stress resistance and other traits), and in a commercial Landrace × Chinese-European (LCE) synthetic population with records for 15 traits (growth, fat deposition, muscling, intramuscular fat, meat colour and backfat fatty acid content). In the W × M, SNP 669T>C was associated with muscling, fat deposition, growth and fattening, meat quality and other traits and in the LCE with muscling, meat quality and backfat fatty acid composition. In the W × M, SNP 358A>G was associated with muscling, fat deposition, growth and other traits. After correction for multiple testing, the NAMPT haplotypes were associated in the W × M with, in descending order, muscling ( q = 0.0056), growth ( q = 0.0056), fat deposition ( q = 0.0109), fat-to-meat ratio ( q = 0.0135), cooling losses ( q = 0.0568) and longissimus pH ( q = 0.0695). The SNPs are hypothesized to be in linkage disequilibrium with a causative mutation affecting energy metabolism as a whole rather than fat metabolism alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fat deposition, growth and muscling traits have been previously mapped on the basis of low-density linkage maps in a wild boar × Meishan F2 family to the chromosome X region flanked by SW2456 and SW1943. Improved QTL resolution was possible using data for F2 animals with a marker density of 2.7 cM distance in the SW2456 to SW1943 region, including AR, SERPINA7 and ACSL4 as candidate genes. The resolution of the QTL scan was increased substantially, as evidenced by the higher F-ratio values for all QTL. Maxima of F-ratio values for fat deposition, muscling and growth traits were 28.6, 18.2 and 16.5 respectively, and those QTL positions accounted for 7.9%, 5.0% and 4.5% of the F2 phenotypic variance (VF2) respectively. QTL for fatness and growth and for most muscling traits mapped near ACSL4, with the exception of the QTL for ham traits that mapped proximally, in the vicinity of AR. An analysis performed separately for F2 male animals showed the predominant QTL affecting fat deposition traits (up to 13.6% VF2) near AR and two QTL for muscling traits (up to 9.9% VF2) mapped close to ACSL4. In the F2 female animals, QTL affecting muscling (up to 12.1% VF2) mapped at ACSL4 and SW2456, and QTL for fat deposition (10% VF2) and growth (up to 10.5% VF2) mapped at ACSL4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DNA from 252 bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) cattle and 376 non-diseased control cattle were genotyped for nine loci in the prion protein ( PRNP) gene region, three loci in the neurofibromin 1 ( NF1) region and four control loci on different chromosomes. The allele and genotype frequencies of the control loci were similar in BSE and control cattle. In the analysed 7.4 Mb PRNP region, the largest differences between BSE and control cattle were found for the loci REG2, R16 and R18, which are located between +300 and +5600 bp, spanning PRNP introns 1 to 2. Carriers of the REG2 genotype 128/128 were younger at BSE diagnosis than those with the other genotypes (128/140 or 140/140). The predominant haplotype REG2 128 bp– R18 173 bp occurred more frequently ( P < 0.001), and the second-most frequent haplotype ( REG2 140 bp– R18 175 bp) occurred less frequently ( P < 0.05) in BSE than in control cattle. The largest frequency differences between BSE and control groups were observed in the Brown Swiss breed. Across all breeds, most of the same alleles and haplotypes of the PRNP region were associated with BSE. In the 23-cM NF1 region, associations with BSE incidence were found for the RM222 allele and for the DIK4009 genotype frequencies. Cattle carrying RM222 genotypes with the 127- or 129-bp alleles were about half a year older at BSE incidence than those with other genotypes. Across the breeds, different alleles and genotypes of the NF1 region were associated with BSE. The informative DNA markers were used to localize the genetic disposition to BSE and may be useful for the identification of the causative DNA variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study characterized autochthonous pig breeds of Vietnam and compared them with breeds from other regions. A total of 343 animals were considered from 5 indigenous pig breeds of Vietnam (Muong Khuong, Co, Meo, Tap Na, and Mong Cai), 2 exotic breeds kept in Vietnam (Landrace and Yorkshire), 3 European commercial breeds (German Landrace, Piétrain, and Large White), the Chinese breed Meishan, and the European Wild Boar. Each individual was genotyped for 20 selected polymorphic microsatellite loci. The Vietnamese autochthonous breeds showed higher degrees of polymorphism, allelic diversity, and heterozygosity than the other pig breeds. Also, large genetic diversity was observed across the area of distribution, with village-specific subpopulations, which led to significant inbreeding coefficients. As expected, genetic distances showed large differences among European-based, Chinese, and Vietnamese indigenous breeds and reflected the geographical distribution of breeds. In comparison with the European breeds, the Vietnamese indigenous pig breeds harbored a considerable amount of genetic diversity and, therefore, will be of significance for livestock bioconservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lamins are components of nuclear lamina and they have a profound influence on nuclear structure and functions. They are encoded by three genes, LMNA, LMNB1 and LMNB2. A genomic fragment of the porcine LMNA gene (822 bp; from exons 7 to 9) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and comparatively sequenced. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in intronic sequences: G162 A, G208 A, T367 G and C618 T. The SNPs are within the restriction sites for enzymes Bsh1236I, HpaII, AluI and Bsh1236I respectively. Allele frequencies at SNPs G208 A, T367 G and C618 T were determined by using eight pig breeds. Linkage analysis in the Hohenheim Meishan × Piétrain family placed the LMNA gene in the chromosome 4q linkage group, between MEF2D and GBA ( MEF2D– 3.0 cM – LMNA– 0.2 cM – GBA). In radiation hybrid mapping LMNA was most significantly linked to SW270 on chromosome 4 (39 cR; LOD = 7.86). The LMNA gene is located in the quantitative trait loci region for some carcass traits on chromosome 4q. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The porcine orthologues of human chromosome HSA9q22.31 genes osteoglycin ( OGN) and asporin ( ASPN) were mapped to porcine chromosome SSC3 using linkage analysis and a somatic cell hybrid panel. This mapping was refined to SSC3q11 using fluorescence in situ hybridization. These results confirm the existence of a small conserved synteny group between SSC3 and HSA9. Polymorphisms were revealed in both genes, including a pentanucleotide microsatellite ( SCZ003) in OGN and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (AM181682.1:g.780G>T and AM181682.1:g.825T>C) in ASPN. The two genes were included in a set of markers for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping on SSC3 in the Hohenheim Meishan × Piétrain F2 family. Major QTL for growth and carcass traits were centred in the ASPN– SW902 region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A QTL analysis of multibreed experiments (i.e., crossed populations involving more than two founder breeds) offers clear advantages over classical two-breed crosses, among them increased power and a more comprehensive coverage of the total genetic variability in the species. An alternative to designed multibreed crosses is to reanalyze jointly several experiments involving different breeds. We report a multibreed, multitrait QTL analysis of SSCX that involves five different crosses, six breeds, and almost 3,000 genotyped individuals using a truly multibreed strategy to allow for any number of founder breed origins. Traits analyzed were growth, fat thickness, carcass length, and shoulder and ham weights. Generally, the joint analysis resulted in more significant QTL than the single-experiment analyses. We show that the QTL for fatness, which is highly significant (nominal P < 10-43), is of Asiatic origin (Meishan). The next most significant QTL (nominal P < -10) affected ham weight and seems to be segregating only between Large White and the rest of the breeds. A multitrait, multi-QTL analysis suggests that these are two distinct loci. Additionally, a locus segregating only between Iberian and Landrace affects live weight. The advantages of joint, multibreed analyses clearly outweigh their potential risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymorphic microsatellite and open-reading frame (ORF) sites in the prion protein coding gene (PRNP) were analysed in eight sheep breeds. The three microsatellite sitesS11,S15andS24were genotyped by fragment length analysis, and the ORF codons 136, 154 and 171 were analysed after direct sequencing. Unexpected polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of microsatellite sites and ORF haplotypes with more than one heterozygous site were submitted to cloning and then sequenced. The microsatellite sites were polymorphic in all breeds with two to five alleles per site. On average of breeds and sites, the microsatellites had higher degrees of polymorphism than the ORF sites. TheARR/ARRORF genotype occurred always together with the microsatellite genotypesS11152/152,S15179/179 andS24144/144. As ORF and microsatellite alleles of thePRNPwere observed in typical combinations, the microsatellite genotypes were significantly associated with scrapie incidences or risk classes based on the ORF genotypes. The microsatellite sites were highly polymorphic and therefore are advantageous markers for evaluation of scrapie disposition and fine mapping of effects on scrapie pathogenesis within the gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sus scrofa chromosome X (SSCX) linkage and QTL maps, based on 11 markers, were investigated in F2 families generated from Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The linkage maps were similar for the three families and to the published USDA-MARC.2 linkage map. Strongly supported quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for growth, fattening, meat quality and weight of head were mapped in the proximal part of SSCX of the M × P and W × P families, whilst QTLs for fat deposition andmuscling mainly were assigned to the mid part of SSCX in the W × M and M × P families. The QTLs explained up to 13.7% of F2 phenotypic variance. Meishan QTL alleles led to increased fatness traits, while those of Pietrain tended to increased carcass and meat weights and to decreased meat quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sus scrofa chromosome 14 (SSC14) linkage maps, constructed using eight markers in three F2families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses, were similar for the different families. The detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explained up to 8.2% of the F2 phenotypic variance for carcass traits. They were located in the interval SW540 to SW2488 (containing the candidate loci ACTN2 and ACTA1) in the M × P and W x P families. A QTL for body weight at 35 days was mapped close to the candidate locus ACTN2 in the W × M family. In comparison with Pietrain QTL alleles, the effects of Meishan and Wild Boar alleles reduced meat content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage and QTL maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 18 (SSC18) were generated using five markers in three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Pietrain (P) and Meishan (P) crosses. The linkage maps were similar for the three families and confirm the published map. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for meat content, fat-to-meat ratio, weight of liver and food conversion ratio were mapped in the W × M family. A QTL for pH value 24 h after slaughter in Musculus semimembranosus was found in the M × P family. The QTL for carcass meat content and fat-to-meat ratio in the W × M family were localized near the leptin gene (LEP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage and QTL maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 17 (SSC17) were analysed with five markers and in three F2 families basedon Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The maps were similar across the three families and agree well with published maps. In the M × P family, new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for growth and fat deposition were locatedin the vicinity of GHRH, whereas in the W × P family one minor QTLs for daily gain was detected. No QTL was found in the W x M family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 16 (SSC16) were produced using five markers and three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The maps were similar for the different families and in agreement with published maps. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fattening, growth, meat quality and stress resistance were found in the M × P and W × P families, but not in the W × M family. QTLs for fattening and growth were mapped to the proximal end of SSC16, whereas QTLs for meat quality were located centrally or distally. The QTLs explained up to 5.9% of the F2 phenotypic variance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Sus scrofa chromosome 13 (SSC13) eleven markers were genotyped to generate linkage and QTL maps in three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. Results of linkage maps were similar and agreed with published maps. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for body weights, meat conductivity and fat deposition were mapped in the M × P family to the interval S0076S0068 (40-80 cM) and near the locus SW38 (120-150 cM). QTLs for the same traits were observed in the W × M family in different intervals explaining up to 5.3% of the F2 phenotypic variance. No significant QTLs for the traits under investigation were found in the W × P family. The effects of QTL alleles were mostly dominant. In the M x P and W x M families alleles inherited from Meishan were generally associated with high values of live weights, food consumption and fat deposition and low values of meat conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sus scrofa chromosome 15 (SSC15) linkage maps were produced with six markers in three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The maps were similar for the different families, with a higher rate of maternal recombination than paternal only in the M x P family. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for carcass composition (dressing yield, lean cuts and fat depth) explained up to 9% of F2 phenotypic variance in the W × P family and mapped near the marker S0148 (0 cM). Similar QTLs for fat depth were observed in the W × M family, where a minor QTL for dressing yield was mapped in the interval EAG-SW964 (approximately at 25 cM). No SSC15 QTL was found in the M × P family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The SSC12 (Sus scrofa chromosome 12) linkage and QTL maps were generated using 11 markers, of which seven to 10 have been used in the three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. Linkage maps showed identical marker order among the families, but differed in total lengths. They were in agreement with the already published maps, except for the order SWR1021SW605. Most quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affected fat or meat content in carcass, but were also found for some other traits (heart weight, CK20 values and teat number). They explained up to 5.4% of F2 phenotypic variance. Meishan alleles had stimulating effects on fat deposition and decreasing effects on lean content and CK20 value. The QTL profiles differed between families, with QTL effects in the vicinity of the GH1 locus found solely in the M x P family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage and QTL maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 11 (SSC11) have been produced based on four microsatellite markers genotyped in three F2 families from Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The maps were similar across the families and in agreement with already published maps. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) were identified in the W x M family and not in the M × P and W × P families. The QTLs affected live weight, loin and neck meat weight, back-fat depth and food consumption, and explained up to 4.7% of the F2 phenotypic variance. Additive and dominance effects were similar in size. The Wild Boar QTL alleles led to higher trait values in comparison with Meishan alleles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 5 (SSC5) were constructed using up to 10 markers in three informative F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The map lengths differed among the families. In the M × P family, the MYF5 locus was linkage mapped between SW995 and SW967. Relatively few quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were observed on SSC5 explaining a maximum of 5.8% of phenotypic variance in the F2 generation. The presence and position of QTLs were not consistent among families. The Meishan and Wild Boar QTL allele effects were inferior compared with Pietrain allele effects. The additive effects were small and reasonably strong dominance-effects were observed. QTLs affecting conductivity in the W × M family and food conversion ratio in the M x P family mapped near MYF5, while the QTL affecting conductivity in the M x P family was located near IGF1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage and QTL maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 10 (SSC10) were constructed by genotyping six microsatellite markers in three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The linkage maps were similar for the families and in agreement with the published maps. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) were found in the M × P and W × M families, but not in the W × P family. In both these families, QTLs for the number of teats were mapped on distal SSC10. Further, QTLs in the W × M family affect the weight of head, live weight and carcass weight traits and were mapped proximally on SSC10 near SW830. The QTLs on SSC10 explained up to 6.5% of F2 phenotypic variance. QTL effects for some traits were overdominant. Except for the weight of head, Wild Boar alleles slightly increased weight traits and, unexpectedly, markedly increased teat numbers in comparison with Meishan alleles. In the M × P family, however, teat number was increased by Meishan alleles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 7 (SSC7) for three informative F2 families, based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses, were constructed using 16 marker loci. Maps were consistent for the families, except the order of the markers PI2-PO1A-S0212 in the W × M family which was inverted in the M x P and W x P families. Important quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were localized in the region of the SLA complex in the M x P and W × M families. These explained up to 16% of F2 phenotypic variance for body conformation, fat deposition and muscling. In the W × P family, minor QTLs were mapped outside the SLA region. The highly significant QTL alleles were mainly additive (a > d). The Meishan alleles for QTL located in the SLA region were associated with higher head weights and carcass lengths, but with lower carcass fat contents than those from Wild Boar and Pietrain. The cryptic Meishan QTL allele, which reduces carcass fat, provides one of the first examples of transgressive segregation in animals and emphasizes that usefulgenetic variation can be hidden in the genetic background of a breed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage and QTL maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 9 (SSC9) were constructed using 16 markers, with 13 to 15 used in three F2 families based on Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The LPR and SLN loci were integrated into the linkage map of SSC9 for the first time. Only a few quantitative trait loci (QTLs), explaining up to 5.1% of the F2 phenotypic variance, were identified on SSC9 with chromosome-wide significant effects on growth and fattening in the W x P family and on weight of liver, growth and fat-to-meat ratio in the W x M family. No QTLs were found in the M x P family. Gene effects were mainly dominant in the W x P family. In the W × M family, Wild Boar QTL alleles for weight of liver were superior over Meishan alleles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 8 (SSC8) were constructed using seven markers in three F2 families based on Meishan (M), Pietrain (P) and Wild Boar (W) crosses. The maps were similar for the pedigrees and in agreement with published maps. Most quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were found for the W × P family, while only minor QTLs were detected in the M × P and W × M families. SSC8 harbours QTLs mapped in the interval SW905 to SW933 explaining up to 6% of the F2 phenotypic variance for body conformation, carcass and growth traits. Pietrain alleles positively influenced carcass traits, with additive effects often larger than dominance effects. For food conversion ratio a large dominance QTL effect was observed in the M × P family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps have been constructed for Sus scrofa chromosome 6 (SSC6) based on 17 markers, of which 10 were used in all three F2 families of Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses. The coverage of the linkage maps of SSC6 was almost complete. All loci were ordered identically in the families, but two intervals (RYR1-A1BG-EAH, S0146-S0003-SW824) differed from published maps. Major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for meat quality, stress resistance and carcass composition explaining up to 59% of F2 phenotypic variance have been mapped in the M x P and W x P families centred on the segregating R YR1 T and C alleles. In the W × M family, which was homozygous for the RYR1 C allele, no QTL effects for meat quality and stress-resistance, but moderate effects for carcass composition have been observed in this region. These findings indicate further loci closely linked with the RYR1 or/and further alleles at the RYR1 locus, involved in the variation of carcass and growth traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 4 (SSC4) based on 19 markers were similar in lengths for three F2-families [Wild Boar (W), Meishan (M) and Pietrain (P) crosses] and in agreement with the previously published maps. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on SSC4 affect mainly muscle and fat mass. Compared with others, Pietrain alleles were associated with longer carcass, higher body weight and higher meat content. In all three families, the profiles of F ratio values for these traits showed peaks close to the positions of candidate genes V-ATPase, ATP1A2 and ATP1B1. Additional more proximally mapped QTLs, significant at the p < 0.05 chromosome-wide level, were found in the M x P and W x P families. The W × M family revealed highly significant QTLs located in the vicinity of AMPD1 and NGFB. The SSC4 QTLs explained up to 12% of F2 phenotypic variance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sus scrofa chromosome 2 (SSC2) linkage maps were generated from three F2 families involving Meishan (M), Pietrain (P) and Wild Boar (W) crosses and the same 10 marker loci. SSC2 linkage maps were similar between families and correspond to published maps. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for carcass traits, daily gain and heart weight were identified on SSC2, especially in the intervals 0-20 and 80-90 cM in the M × P family, the intervals 20-50 and 125-140 cM in the W × P family, and the interval 15-70 cM in the W × M family. QTL presence and position varied among families. QTL effects explained up to 10% of F2 phenotypic variance. Pietrain QTL alleles were associated with high muscle and heart mass, high daily gain and low fat deposition and Meishan alleles with high carcass fat content. Wild Boar alleles were associated with leaner carcass but lower daily gain than Meishan alleles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linkage maps of Sus scrofa chromosome 1 (SSC1) have been produced using 10 markers in three different F2 families based on crosses of Meishan (M), Pietrain (P) and Wild Boar (W). The maps were similar for the different families and show higher paternal recombination, especially in the interval SW2130-SW803. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting body conformation, carcass composition, fat deposition and numbers of teats were identified in all three families. Major QTLs were mapped in chromosomal intervals centred at approximately 60, 120 and 170 cM. The QTLs explain up to 8.4% of phenotypic variance in the F2 generation. Pietrain QTL alleles were superior in comparison with Wild Boar andMeishan alleles for most of the trait values. Meishan alleles were associated with highest fat deposition. Additive gene effects were generally larger than dominance effects. QTL profiles on SSC1 differed between families, with the W x P family being most distinct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Animal Breeding & Genetics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

New microsatellite loci were screened and sequenced from the genomic DNA of male Camelus bactrianus. Among 32 loci, 23 were amplified in bactrian and dromedary species, 19 in llama and 20 in alpaca. The different species had similar fragment lengths per locus, with more striking similarities between bactrian and dromedary and between llama and alpaca, respectively. Seven loci had more than 10 alleles each, nine were monomorphic in all species, and one was monomorphic in Old World and polymorphic in New World camels. The results show that the informative microsatellite loci can be widely applied to several species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Animal Breeding & Genetics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Investigates the genetic diversity between European Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan and their crossbred generations. Focus on performance traits for growth, carcass composition and meat quality; Range of values for the specified breeds; Analysis of genes.

Focuses on the linkage and radiation hybrid mapping of the porcine TGFB1 and TGFBR1 genes. Role of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 in cell cycle regulation; Performance of amplification in genomic DNA reactions; Revelation of a single nucleotide polymorphism.

Studies the characterization of a SINE indel polymorphism in the porcine AGL gene and assignment of the gene to chromosome 4q. Observation of polymerase chain reaction, cloning and sequencing in the gene; Description of mendelian inheritance observed in the gene; Determination of gene location with the CRI-MAP software package.

Studies the linkage and radiation hybrid mapping of the pocine insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and beta-tropomyosin (TPM2) genes to chromosome 1. Role of IGF1R in transformation events; Description of IGF1R and TPM2 genes.

An abstract of the article "Partial genomic structure, mutation analysis and mapping of the porcine inhibitor of DNA binding genes ID1, ID2, ID3 and ID4," by A. Stratil and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the article "Polymorphism Screening and Mapping of Nine Meat Performance-Related Genes in the Pig," by A. Stratil and colleagues is presented.

The article reports that eight genes from the foetal hind limb muscle was selected for analysis of polymorphism and mapping. The gene includes FBN2, YWHAQ, CNN3, DCN, POSTN, SPARC, RBM39 and GNAS and a porcupine whole-genome 7000-rad IMpRH panel and PCR primers were used for the research on radiation hybrid mapping.

The article cites a study which determines quantitative trait loci (QTL) region for fatness and muscling traits on pig chromosome X. The researchers have performed linkage mapping and radiation hybrid mapping of 10 genes using at least one of the resources including, the University of Hohenheim Wild Boar x Meishan and INRA-University of Minnesota porcine radiation hybrid. Accordingly, the researchers have identified seven genes containing QTL for fatness and muscling traits on pig chromosome X.

Studies the linkage and radiation hybrid mapping of the porcine MPZ gene to chromosome 4q. Polymorphism, mendelian inheritance and allele frequencies; Radiation hybrid mapping.

Focuses on the linkage and radiation hybrid mapping of the porcine MEF2D gene to chromosome 4q. Allele frequencies at the porcine MEF2D gene; Confirmation of codominant inheritance.