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This article presents anthropological viewpoint towards violence and war. The treatment of violence does not provide a complete account of the nature of violence or its changing form. A state of primeval violence is assumed, a pessimistic view of the natural or pre-social state, during which confrontation between men is not contained. Relationships are based on force, the law of the strongest, and revenge conflicts spread contagiously and are not solved hut merely interrupted by brief intervals, human groups exist only under the threat of their own destruction. This state is only postulated in order to make primeval violence seem like a form of primitive energy. Order and violence are linked by a complex and ambivalent relationship which makes it necessary to define the first of these two terms and to introduce a second series of processes. Order can only be the result of an interplay of differences and the creation of logical, symbolic, effective hierarchies in the different parts. It is ordered difference which enables society and culture to form organized units within which men can define themselves, build their identity, find themselves and determine their social positions.

The author lists the tasks necessary to overcome problems in development studies; (1) establish criteria of underdevelopment; (2) determine the internal obstacle co economic development; (3) define criteria for social development; (4) compile information on social values, hopes and aspirations; (5) formulate a strategy for development; (6) study the problems in planning forecasting; (7) study the relationship between International Relations and development, (a) what are the distinguishing characteristics of the Third World? (b) investigate the dynamics of structures, (c) detection of social forces, (d) study the importance of external factors. Prof. Balandier believes that sociology must be dynamic to keep pace with the everchanging forces of development. He suggests that the determining question in development studies should be, how can positive change in social, and economic systems be brought at least cost? He discusses the trends in development studies, categorized as the Normative approach, Structural approach, and Behavioral approach and concludes that a successful study of Development must, in part, integrate these conceptual approaches.