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The potentially large number of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in globular cluster (GC) cores makes these parent objects ideal laboratories for studying the collective properties of an ensemble of MSPs. Such a population is expected to radiate several spectral components in the radio through γ-ray waveband. First, pulsed emission is expected via curvature and synchrotron radiation (CR and SR) and possibly even via inverse Compton (IC) scattering inside the pulsar magnetospheres. Second, unpulsed emission should transpire through the continuous injection of relativistic leptons by the MSPs into the ambient region, which in turn produce SR and IC emission when they encounter the cluster magnetic field, as well as several background photon components. In this paper we continue to develop the MSP scenario for explaining the multi-wavelength properties of GCs by considering the entire modeling chain, including the full transport equation, refined emissivities of stellar and Galactic background photons, integration of the flux along the line of sight, and comparison with observations. As an illustration, we apply the model to Terzan 5, where we can reasonably fit both the (line-of-sight-integrated) X-ray surface flux and spectral energy density data, using the first to constrain the leptonic diffusion coefficient within the GC. We lastly discuss possible future extensions to and applications of this maturing model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drifts are one of the major cosmic ray modulation mechanisms in the heliosphere. Three types of drifts occur in the background heliospheric magnetic field, namely curvature, gradient and current sheet drifts. The last component occurs because of the switch in magnetic field polarity across the heliospheric current sheet and is the main topic of study. We discuss and implement a new approach to model drifts in a numerical modulation model. The model employs stochastic differential equations to solve the relevant transport equation in five (three spatial, energy and time) dimensions. What is of interest is the fact that the model can handle current sheet tilt angles up to the theoretical maximum of α=90° and still remain numerically stable. We use the additional insights gained from the numerical model to investigate the effectiveness of drifts along the current sheet by examining the relationship between the current sheet path length and the cosmic ray propagation time. It is found that diffusion can disrupt the drift process very effectively, leading to diffusive short circuiting of the current sheet by the cosmic rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inner 10 pc of our Galaxy contains many counterpart candidates of the very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) γ-ray point source HESS J1745−290. Within the point spread function of the H.E.S.S. measurement, at least three objects are capable of accelerating particles to VHE and beyond and of providing the observed γ-ray flux. Previous attempts to address this source confusion were hampered by the fact that the projected distances between these objects were of the order of the error circle radius of the emission centroid (34 arcsec, dominated by the pointing uncertainty of the H.E.S.S. instrument). Here we present H.E.S.S. data of the Galactic Centre region, recorded with an improved control of the instrument pointing compared to H.E.S.S. standard pointing procedures. Stars observed during γ-ray observations by optical guiding cameras mounted on each H.E.S.S. telescope are used for off-line pointing calibration, thereby decreasing the systematic pointing uncertainties from 20 to 6 arcsec per axis. The position of HESS J1745−290 is obtained by fitting a multi-Gaussian profile to the background-subtracted γ-ray count map. A spatial comparison of the best-fitting position of HESS J1745−290 with the position and morphology of candidate counterparts is performed. The position is, within a total error circle radius of 13 arcsec, coincident with the position of the supermassive black hole Sgr A* and the recently discovered pulsar wind nebula candidate G359.95−0.04. It is significantly displaced from the centroid of the supernova remnant Sgr A East, excluding this object with high probability as the dominant source of the VHE γ-ray emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]