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The post-management of landfills represents an important challenge for landfill gas treatment. Traditional systems (energy recovery, flares, etc.) present technical problems in treating flow with low methane (CH4) concentrations. The objective of this study was to isolate methanotrophic bacteria from a field-scale biofilter in order to study the bacteria in laboratories and evaluate the environmental factors that mostly influence Microbial Aerobic Methane Oxidation (MAMO). The soil considered was sampled from the biofilter located in the landfill of Venosa (Basilicata Region, Italy) and it was mainly composed of wood chips and compost. The results showed that methanotrophic microorganisms are mainly characterized by a slow growth and a significant sensitivity to CH4 levels. Temperature and nitrogen (N) also have a very important role on their development. On the basis of the results, biofilters for biological CH4 oxidation can be considered a viable alternative to mitigate CH4 emissions from landfills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study an experimental study on a biological methane oxidation column presented with the aim to calibrate a mathematical model developed in an earlier study. The column was designed to reproduce at lab-scale a real biofilter trying to consider the more probable landfill boundary conditions. Although the methane oxidation efficiency in the column was lower than the expected (around 35%), an appropriate model implementation showed an acceptable agreement between the outcomes data of the model simulation and the experimental data (with Theil's Inequality Coefficient value of 0.08). A calibrated model allows a better management of the biofilter performance in terms of methane oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is the evaluation of the efficiency of such a biofilter, through the application of a mathematical model which describes the biological oxidation process. This mathematical model is able to predict the efficiency of the system under varying operating conditions. Literature data have been used in order to build the model. The factors that mostly affect the process and which actually regulate the entire process have been highlighted in this work. Specifically, it was found that temperature, flow and methane concentration are the most important parameters that influence the system. The results obtained from the mathematical model showed also that the biofilter system is simple to implement and manage and allows the achievement of high efficiency of methane oxidation. In the optimal conditions for temperature (between 20–30°C), residence time (between 0.7–0.8 h) and methane molar fraction (between 20–25%) the efficiency of methane oxidation could be around 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify differences in biochemical methane potential (BMP) measured using three measurement methods, including two popular methods (a commercial automated system (AMPTS II) and manual manometric) and one newer method (gravimetric), and (2) assess the importance of the mixing position in the measurement sequence. Powdered microcrystalline cellulose was used as the substrate in simultaneous tests. All methods gave similar results (<8% difference in the mean BMP) and were reasonably accurate (recovery of 80–86% of the theoretical maximum BMP). Manometric BMP values were consistently lower than gravimetric by 4–5%. Precision was lower for the automated method (relative standard deviation (RSD) of about 7%) than for the manual methods (RSD about 1–3%). Mixing after biogas measurement resulted in 3% higher BMP for both manual methods than mixing before, due to the lower measured CH4 production from blanks. This effect may be linked to a fraction of CH4 that remains dissolved or even as attached bubbles, and suggests that mixing before measurement is preferable. The automated volumetric and gravimetric methods (mode 2) gave very similar mean BMP values (1% different). However, kinetic analysis showed that methane production was faster with the automated volumetric method. This could come from an error in the estimation of the CH4 production rate for the automated method, or an increase in the degradation rate due to better mixing. Both automatic volumetric and manual gravimetric measurements met current validation criteria for mean cellulose BMP, but the RSD from the automated system exceeded the limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]