Search

Biomedical signal processing is essential for diagnosing and monitoring various health disorders. Conventional signal processing methods frequently struggle to effectively deal with biomedical data's intricate, nonlinear, and non-stationary characteristics, such as electroencephalograms (EEG). Time-frequency analysis (TFA) approaches provide valuable insights into the temporal variations of signal components, offering a possible way to address these difficulties. This study aimed to present time-frequency approaches, their applications across various biomedical signals, challenges encountered, and potential future directions. To highlight the proposed concept, Epilepsy (mental disturbance) was selected. The epileptic datasets, which included 3570 pairs of electrooculography (EEG) signals, were utilized. These signals were categorized into focal and non-focal signals. By applying the proposed approach that involves a scalogram-short time Fourier transform as a feature enhancement then fed to the convolution neural network CNN, the model achieved accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score for the proposed model 76%,78%,75%, and 76% respectively. The results depict that integrating multiple time-frequency analysis techniques enhances biomedical signal processing capabilities, offering significant improvements in diagnosing and monitoring health conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy, a medical procedure used to treat cancer, may result in partial or complete hair loss (alopecia) side effects. It heightens psychological pain, which might lead some patients to decline therapy. Chemotherapy effects on the hair follicles. This paper aims to develop and produce scalp cooling systems that are equipped with sensors for better control to prevent hair loss in cancer patients, the approach involves reducing scalp temperatures to minimize blood flow to the scalp area before, during, and after chemotherapy. The Peltier and a radiator are used in place of the compressor and condenser in the cooling system to turn from mechanic to electronic, which was a new idea because no one had previously used a Peltier to manufacture the device, so explain the cooling system is designed and fabricated for production and display the circulating coolant through Peltier who responsible on the cooling entire scalp area. The system consists of two main components: the cap part and the cooling part. The components of the cap are the cap is comprised of several components, including an inner silicone layer, an aluminum cover, and an insulated cap cover. On the other hand, the cooling system consists of various elements such as a microcontroller, smart touch screen, voltage step-down module, power supply, fan, radiator, water pump, relay 1ch, and timer. It tested on many volunteers for almost an hour and then made the results as curves. The system was effectively implemented at a low cost, and the results demonstrate temperature levels within an acceptable range of (8-15) °C, which aligns with findings from previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advanced 3D printing technology is being applied in neurosurgical applications for medical education, pre-operative planning, and training. The application of 3D printing in the excision of brain lesions is quite restricted. In this research, A 3D-printed model representation of an adult brain lesion was created to illustrate the practicality of 3D printing for finding the anatomy of the brain and tumours. The present study aims to the following: 1. Design a personalized three-dimensional (3D) model for the brain based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) before the surgery for neurosurgical training, educational prototype, and preoperative planning based on 3D printer technique, 2. Use specific software (3D slicer and Ultimaker Cura) and a 3D printer to make a brain model with a tumour. In this study, a personalized brain model was created for 7 cases of subjects. These cases involved adults with glioma and involved adults with meningioma. MRI, 3D slicer and Cura software with a 3D printer were used in this study for creating a model. This pilot study was applied to seven cases of subjects with different brain tumours in ten months. All subjects had deep-seated brain tumours and their models were printed successfully. In the neurosurgery field, 3D printing has a lot of advantages. It allows the neurosurgeon to perform the surgery with greater precision, in less time, at a lower cost, and with less radiation exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]