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Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide. The expression of microRNA (miRNA/miR)-146 has been shown to be related to breast cancer progression, and its expression in breast cancer cells has been investigated in the blood of patients. In the present study, the concentration of lipid peroxidation in blood cells was measured by detecting the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) to explore the level of oxidative cellular damage in the collected blood samples of breast cancer patients, alongside healthy women used as the controls. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to analyze the expression of miR-146 in the blood of both breast cancer patients and healthy controls. As regards miR-146 expression, the fold change in expression in patients with breast cancer was 3.1-fold higher than that in healthy women. The findings revealed that the expression of miR-146 in patients with breast cancer was almost 3-fold higher than that in healthy women. Notably, the levels of MDA, which has been employed as a marker of lipid peroxidation, were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer (3.25±0.22) compared with healthy women (0.99±0.099). On the whole, the findings of the present study indicate that both miR-146 expression and MDA levels may function as potential biomarkers for determining susceptibility to breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, a couple of respiratory tract cancer and normal cell lines, A549 and Liv22 respectively, were utilised as an in vitro two-dimensional cell culture model to explore the effect of bacterial respiratory infections with P. aeruginosa on the cancer cell progression by modulating EGFR mRNA expression. The results of MTT assay revealed that the bacterial apical infection of cancerous cell line A549 with Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates coded as (PA7 and PA42) led to significant increase of the growth rate compared to normal LIV22 (95% confidence interval) at diluted bacterial suspension (250×10-3) ml. The results of RT-qPCR analysis of EGFR mRNA expression at 95% confidence interval revealed that level of EGFR mRNA expression in A549, which infected with same dose (250×10-3) ml of P. aeruginosa isolates PA7 and PA42 was significantly increased when compared with non-exposed A549 cells. Our findings suggest that EGFR expression has been modulated in the infected cancer cells. Augmentation of EGFR mRNA expression in lung cancer cells in response to the bacterial infection could be the potential factor of increased cellular growth of lung cancer cells. This outcome points out that Pseudomonas aeruginosa may serve as a potential predictor of lung tumorigenesis, which requires further confirmation in a large-scale study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HURP gene encodes the hepatoma upregulated protein (HURP), a microtubule associated protein regulating mitotic spindle dynamics, which promotes chromosomal congression and alignment during mitosis, with a potential role in tumorigenesis. In the present study, HURP mRNA expression was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Primary OPSCC tumors from 107 patients and 48 adjacent normal tissues, as well as 12 respiratory tract cancer cell lines (9 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, 2 lung cancer and 1 normal bronchial) were utilised in the present study. mRNA expression levels of HURP were higher in malignant OPSCC tissues compared with in normal mucosa (P<1×10−5) and significantly associated with sex and smoking status (P<0.0001). Vinorelbine in vitro toxicity at half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was measured in the 11 cancer cell lines using an MTT assay. Sensitivity to vinorelbine was significantly correlated with HURP expression (r=0.636; P=0.035). The data indicated that HURP overexpression is frequent in OPSCC tissues and associated with smoking. The correlation between HURP mRNA expression and vinorelbine in vitro response suggests that HURP is a potential modulator of vinorelbine response; therefore, it should be explored for its possible predictive value for the efficiency of vinorelbine treatment in this type of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deregulation of mitotic spindle genes has been reported to contribute to the development and progression of malignant tumours. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between the expression profiles of Aurora kinases (AURKA, AURKB and AURKC), cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 (CKAP5), discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5), kinesin-like protein 11 (KIF11), microtubule nucleation factor (TPX2), monopolar spindle 1 kinase (TTK), and ß-tubulins (TUBB) and (TUBB3) genes and clinicopathological characteristics in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based RNA gene expression profiles of 132 NSCLC and 44 adjacent wild-type tissues were generated, and Cox's proportional hazard regression was used to examine associations. With the exception of AURKC, all genes exhibited increased expression in NSCLC tissues. Of the 10 genes examined, only AURKA was significantly associated with prognosis in NSCLC. Multivariate Cox's regression analysis demonstrated that AURKA mRNA expression [hazard ratio (HR), 1.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-2.84; P=0.009], age (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.06; P=0.020), pathological tumour stage 2 (HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.16-5.10; P=0.019) and involvement of distal nodes (pathological node stage 2) (HR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.24-7.99; P=0.016) were independent predictors of poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Poor prognosis of patients with increased AURKA expression suggests that those patients may benefit from surrogate therapy with AURKA inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]