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The poultry red mite, PRM, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778), is widely regarded as the primary ectoparasite affecting egg-laying hens around the world. Besides direct feeding damage, the transmission of avian pathogens by PRMs is also a significant concern. Therefore, we aimed to screen the presence of 14 common avian pathogens in 32 PRM populations from egg-laying hens in Türkiye. As a result, Salmonella enterica (n=3), Tsukamurella paurometabola (n=18), and Avian fowlpox virus (n=4) (3 of which were wild-type APV) were detected in tested PRM populations. The results showed that the prevalence of avian pathogens in Turkish PRM populations was low. Nevertheless, these findings suggested that PRM can harbor disease-causing agents and may act as a vector in the spread of these pathogens in farms. In addition, four mitochondrial genes (mtDNAs) of D. gallinae, namely ND4, ND5, cytb, and atp6, were amplified, and obtained sequences were submitted to the GenBank database for the first time, which will allow further analyses. The genetic variation within cytb sequences of Turkish PRMs was the highest (1.01%), whereas intra-specific genetic distance was 1.7% when compared to a Chinese population (only available cytb sequence in the GenBank), indicating increasing genetic differentiation by distance. Last, more sequences belonging to mitochondrial genes are required to reveal their potential as molecular markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hand is an extremely rare site for giant cell tumor (GCT). There are only a few reported cases of GCT including the hand, and even fewer reporting involvement of phalanges. GCTs in small bones are typically more aggressive and have higher local recurrence and rate of metastasis in younger patients compared to long bone involvement, so the treatment is more clinically challenging in the hand. In this study, we present the management of giant cell tumors of the proximal phalanxin two patients treated with two different method; ray resection and arthrodesis using an iliac crest graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the factors affecting the hatching results and chick quality is the implementation of an appropriate disinfection program with effective disinfectants. This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of oregano juice as a disinfection of hatching layer eggs as an alternative to formaldehyde. In the study, 1800 eggs collected from 48-week old Akbay white layer breeders were used. Eggs were divided into 3 equal disinfection groups (fumigation with formaldehyde, 50% oregano juice, and 100% oregano juice). In the study, the characteristics of the eggshell, microbial load, embryo development, egg weight loss, hatching results, chick weight and quality, and performance in the first 2 weeks were determined. No differences were observed among the disinfection groups in egg shell characteristics, microbial load in the shell, hatchability of fertile and set eggs, embryonic deaths, and body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio in female chicks. Egg weight loss was higher (P < 0.001) in the 50% oregano juice group (13.75%) compared to the formaldehyde fumigation group (12.11%). Chick quality score was found to be lower in the formaldehyde fumigation group (96.44) compared to the other two oregano juice groups (P < 0.001). The chicks hatched from the eggs in the formaldehyde fumigation group consumed more feed (119 g/week) in the first 2 weeks (P < 0.001). The use of 50% oregano juice in the disinfection of hatching eggs did not have any negative effects compared to the fumigation process with formaldehyde. Therefore, it is concluded that disinfection with 50% oregano juice was effective in reducing the microbial load in the egg shell as much as formaldehyde fumigation, and even it was superior in chick quality score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As most of the unenriched cages will soon switch to enriched cages, it is important to characterize all the effects in the laying hens for sustainable production. Laying hens can be used in several production periods by applying molting. The aim of this study was to determine the cage type (unenriched and enriched) on performance, welfare, and microbiological properties of laying hens during the molting period and the second production cycle. Overall, 840 brown laying hybrids were used in the experiment. Laying hens were reared on two different cage types (unenriched cage (UEC) and enriched cage (EC)) in the same poultry house. When the hybrids were 75 weeks old, they were subjected to force molting with whole grain barley. Performance, welfare, microbiological, and serological data of laying hens were obtained from 73 to 107 weeks of age. Egg production, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, breaking strength, albumen and yolk index, Haugh unit, feather condition, and breaking force of femur and metatarsus were better in the post-molting period. However, keel bone deformities and Newcastle disease virus antibody titers are the worst in the post-molting period. Stiffness of femur and metatarsus was increased with period. These results indicate that necessary precautions should be taken against the problems that may occur in the direction of bone and health. During the molting period, hens kept in EC had lower egg production but they returned to egg production at a high rate. EC type had a positive effect on egg production, feed conversion ratio, feather and foot condition, and breaking force of metatarsus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effect of chlorogenic acid extract from Lonicera japonica Thunb. on Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections and the performance of broiler flocks was investigated.A total of 360 Ross-308 broiler chicks taken from M. gallisepticum seropositive flocks were divided equally into three groups designated as control (nothing administered), antibiotic (Tylosin tartrate given for the first 3 d and d 20–22) and test group (chlorogenic acid extract given twice a day on d 16 and 22).Broiler performance analysis, serological tests (slide agglutination), molecular identification (polymerase chain reaction) and histopathological examination were performed to detect M. gallisepticum.The results show that chlorogenic acid not only increases live body weight but is also an alternative treatment option in M. gallisepticum–infected broiler flocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate nitric oxide (NOx) concentration in infected and non-infected mammary quarters of dairy heifers before and after calving. The relationship between bacterial species and NOx concentrations, as well as correlation between NOx concentrations and postpartum somatic cell count (SCC), was assessed. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the bacteria commonly isolated during the pre- and postpartum period. Infected quarters had greater NOx concentrations than non-infected quarters before (30.81 v. 22.83 μM/ml, P < 0.05) and after (9.56 v. 5.77 μM/ml, P < 0.0001) calving. It was determined that the interaction between sampling period and infectious status had no effect on NOx concentration (P < 0.16). Infected quarters had greater SCC (log10) than healthy quarters (4.95 v. 4.39; P < 0.0001). NOx concentrations, however, did not correlate with SCC (r = 0.02). In summary, changes in NOx concentration were mainly dependent on the infectious status of the quarters with variations among the bacterial species (P < 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background and objective: The efficacy, tolerability and the morphine-sparing effects of lornoxicam were compared with those of tenoxicam when used preoperatively in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: In this prospective, double-blind study, 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized equally to receive intravenous tenoxicam 40 mg (Group T) or lornoxicam 16mg (Group L), preemptively. Three patients withdrew from the study, so 57 patients were included in the analysis. In the postoperative period, the first morphine demand times, pain scores, side-effects and cumulative morphine consumptions were evaluated during the first 24 h. Results: The patient characteristics data and the duration of surgery were similar between two groups, except for body weights (P = 0.002). The first morphine demand time was significantly longer in Group L (P = 0.037), but the pain levels did not differ. The mean pain scores were higher in Group Tin the 15 mm (P = 0.036), 1 h (P = 0.020), 2 h (P = 0.001) and 4 h (P = 0.0042) after extubation. A statistically significant difference between two groups was found in calculated cumulative morphine consumptions per kilogram in the 15 min (P 0.037), 30 min (P = 0.016), and 1 h (P = 0.004) and 2 h (P = 0.0 13) between two groups. There was no difference in the severity of nausea but 13 patients in Group T and five patients in Group L had vomiting (P = 0.0 18). Patient satisfaction was similar in the two groups. Conclusions: Preoperatively administered lornoxicam 16mg significantly prolonged the first morphine demand time, reduced postoperative morphine consumption during the first 4 h and caused significantly fewer adverse effects when compared with tenoxicam after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering a sample of 20 eclipsing binary systems with δ Scuti type primaries, we discovered that there is a possible relation among the pulsation periods of the primaries and the orbital periods of the systems. According to this empirical relation, the longer the orbital period of a binary, the longer the pulsation period of its pulsating primary. Among the sample, the masses of the secondaries and the separations between the components are known for eight systems for which a versus log F (the gravitational pull exerted per gram of the matter on the surface of the primaries by the secondaries) diagram also verifies such an interrelation between the periods. So, as the gravitational force applied by the secondary component onto the pulsating primary increases, its pulsation period decreases. The detailed physics underlying this empirical relation between the periods needs further confirmation, especially theoretically. However, one must also consider the fact that the present sample does not contain a sufficiently large sample of longer period binaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a 10-year-old girl with synchronous multiple pilomatrixomas. Pilomatrixomas are generally solitary tumors; synchronous multiple tumors are very rare. Multiple or recurring tumors may be found in association with various syndromes, and multiple tumors may be familial. Concurrent disorders were not identified in our patient and the etiology of her pilomatrixomas was not understood. Thorough examination of the patient and long-term follow-up are necessary with these tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary The relationship of 50 Campylobacter strains isolated from aborted ovine foetuses, and the faeces of sheep, cattle and chickens were determined by numerical analysis of electrophoretic (SDS-PAGE) protein profiles. Comparison of protein patterns by numerical methods revealed differences between C. fetus ssp. fetus, C. jejuni, and C. coli strains as well as heterogeneity among isolates from different outbreaks. Isolates from each farm produced a distinct cluster and flocks from different locations were found to be infected with relatively different strains. In most cases, protein patterns of ovine foetal isolates were very similar to those of ovine faecal isolates. Ovine isolates of C. fetus ssp. fetus, C. jejuni and C. coli gave similar protein patterns to the corresponding Campylobacter species isolated from cattle or chicken, on the same farm. Thus, it was concluded that certain protein types of ovine Campylobacter strains were more likely associated with local areas, and Campylobacter strains causing ovine abortions are distributed in the environment more widely than assumed to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a retrospective comparison between musculocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps in the treatment of trochanteric pressure sores was performed. From 1988 to 1996, 62 patients with 82 trochanteric pressure sores were treated surgically. The median age of the patients was 33.2 years with 50 males and 12 females, 20 patients had bilateral trochanteric pressure sores; 25 pressure sores were treated by musculocutaneous flaps and 57 with fasciocutaneous flaps. The comparative advantage of musculocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps in the surgical treatment of pressure sores is controversial. This study was performed to determine the ideal treatment modality. It showed that there was no significant difference in the recurrence rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interacting binary V367 Cyg is contained in the original list of W Serpentis stars discovered by Plavec and Koch (1978) in their initial UV study and has been subject of numerous studies, both photometric and spectroscopic. A reasonable model of the system shows the primary as a supergiant of type A7 with T= 8000 °K, R = 50 R and log g = 1.5, the secondary as A0III with T= 10000 °K and R = 7 R. A cooler disk with a radius of ≈ 25 R encircles the secondary and the whole system is surrounded by a gasous shell of ≈ 500 R. But there is still a considerable confusion regarding the very basic geometric and radiative properties of V367 Cyg. Therefore we have analysed the available photometric data in the framework of the semi-detached configuration which incorporates the influence of an optically thick disk around the mass gaining component. The input data have been selected from the most recent spectroscopic studies based on the optical and UV spectra. Our trial calculations show that a solution is possible in the framework of the assumed model. In our solution the disk around the gainer is in contact with the mass-loosing component and the radiative properties mimic a stellar atmosphere. This explains previous light curve solutions in terms of a contact configuration. Also, our model corrobates with a description of the W Serpentis stars as strongly interacting binaries in or near the phase of rapid mass transfer. In August 1988 we could record eight CCD spectra of the γ region with a resolution of 0.13Å/px taken during the primary eclipse (phase 0.692 - 0.163). The spectra have been obtained at the German-Spanish Observatory at Calar Alto/Spain with the 2.2m telescope and the Coudé spectrograph. The Hγ profiles display a very complex structure with at least four emission components. In the primary minimum the main emission components are of nearly the same intensity. It means, that we observe the outermost parts of the disk even during the eclipse. This is in agreement with the light curve solution. The central depth of the shell lines changes only slightly, because they belong to the circumbinary shell. Besides this, some of the shell lines show broad red- or blue-shifted wings (depending on the orbital phase). They are probably originated from the spectrum of the primary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]