1. Demographic and Clinical Profile of Atopic Dermatitis and Its Variants among the Paediatric patients-A Cross Sectional Study.
- Author
-
Anjula, Hassan, Asna, Singh, Abhilasha, and Shankar, Vikas
- Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by intense itching and various clinical manifestations. It predominantly affects young children and is linked to elevated levels of IgE. Despite extensive research, the exact etiology remains unclear, though genetic and environmental factors are believed to play significant roles. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, over an 18-month period from December 2019 to May 2021. A total of 83 patients up to 16 years old, diagnosed with AD according to Hanifin and Rajka's criteria, were included. Ethical clearance was obtained, and informed consent was secured from guardians. Patients were assessed for demographic characteristics, clinical features, and aggravating factors using structured case record forms. Data analysis focused on age distribution, duration of AD, aggravating factors, personal and family history, and clinical features. Results: The study involved 83 patients with a mean age of 2-12 years. The mean duration of AD was 1.24 years. The condition often aggravated in winter. Key aggravating factors included photo aggravation (24.1%) and mosquito/mite exposure (15.7%). A significant proportion of patients experienced pruritus (91.6%) and lesions on extensors (65.1%). Family history of atopy was uncommon, with 71.1% having no family history. Facial erythema was present in 33.7% of patients, and 21.7% had scalp scaling. Conclusion: This study highlights the diverse clinical manifestations and demographic characteristics of AD in a specific population. The findings reveal a predominance of younger patients, common involvement of extensor surfaces, and frequent pruritus. Seasonal aggravation, particularly in winter, and specific aggravating factors like photo exposure and mosquito bites were noted. The lack of significant family history suggests a need for further research into the genetic and environmental interplay in AD. These insights underscore the importance of personalized management strategies for effective treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024