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This study was undertaken to estimate the energy potential of municipal solid waste via creating a relationship between the high heating value (HHV) and the fractions of physical composition of municipal solid waste MSW (% food, % plastic, % paper, % wood, % textile) into the two scenarios, namely wet MSW (as discarded) and dry (free moisture). The created models were determined based on the results of obtained from the analysis of the components of the Al-Diwaniyah MSW and then from previous studies which involved experimental ultimate analysis (% C, % O, % H, % N, %S) of MSW, supported by the equations and models of previous studies which were used for HHV calculation. SPSS Statistical software was used to prepare the models. For each scenario, the input datasets were 60 cases, taking into account the minimization of the data and the average of HHV that result from equations. Four models were created, two models for each status where R2 was 1.00 and 0.999 for dry and wet situation, respectively. However, the equations of verification process showed that the models which depended on the dry fractions are more accurate. The produced HHV from the dry and wet MSW components in the Al-Diwaniyah City is 8655 KJ/Kg and 6440 KJ/Kg, respectively (as discarded). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study achieve to make an environmental impact assessment for a spent engine oil recycling plant in AL-Diwaniyah city – Iraq. The assessment has been carried out using Leopold matrix. The studied plant deals with the bentonite clay as adsorbent material for removing the impurities from spent oil. The waste of bentonite clay which has been discharged as by- product waste without any minimal level of remediation which is harmful to the all environmental components in addition to that, the plant discharges air pollutants during the operation. Leopold matrix is a simple method in terms of applying and using, it can be used easily for a comparison among different projects and gives clarified results. Moreover, the significant characteristic is its ability to covering biological, physical, economic and social environment. From the results of Leopold matrix analysis, it can be observed that the maximum impact of the plant was on physical components in both quantity and importance, while there are some positive impacts on social components. Generally, all the impacts that caused from the plant is low on the environment by the comparison with maximum locally index of environmental impact value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]