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In this work, an attempt was made to identify the optimised parameter combination in cold metal transfer (CMT) cladding process of AISI 316 L austenitic stainless steel. cladding process was carried out using stellite 6 filler wire. Experiments were carried out based on L31 central composite design (CCD). Cladding was done with current, Voltage, torch angle and travel speed as input parameters. Quality of the clad was analysed by measuring depth of penetration, weld area, hardness of the clad surface, corrosion rate and clad interface thickness. Grey relation analysis was used to identify the optimised parameter combination. Trial number 18 was identified as the optimised parameter combination. The optimised input parameters are Welding Current 200 Amps, Voltage 19 V, Torch Angle 70° and Welding Speed 150 m/min. ANOVA was used to identify the most influencing parameters on the overall multi-objective function and it was understood that the combined effect of torch angle, travel speed had a significant influence on the clad quality. Further investigation was carried out through an optimised set of parameters. The cladding experiment was conducted and their surface was investigated through clad profile, hardness of the cladded area, interface thickness of cladding region and corrosion rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study; The abrasion performances of uncoated Ti-6Al-4V and uncoated AISI 316 L stainless steel material were investigated in a ball-disc test apparatus. The experiments were carried out with 100Cr6 balls 10 mm in diameter in dry and sodium hyaluronate media to give a 500 m path under the influence of 7,5 N and 10 N forces at shear rates of 1-1,5-2 m/s. The wear quantities of the test specimens were examined for the ball and disc. As a result, it is observed that Ti-6Al-4V material is more resistant to abrasion than stainless steel material. The erosions in the medium added with sodium hyaluronate are very small compared to the dry medium and the erosion is reduced by 30-35% compared to the dry medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the effect of feed rate, depth of cut and cooling system on surface roughness and cutting force during machine turning of AISI 316L stainless steel is investigated. The Taguchi method was used for optimization of machine turning. Furthermore, variance analysis was performed to determine the effect of each parameter on the results. As a result of this analysis, the effect of feed rate, depth of cut and cooling system on surface roughness and cutting force during machine turning of AISI 316L stainless steel was determined. Consequently, the ANOVA method was used to determine optimal parameter levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of cutting insert rake face forms and cutting parameters on the surface integrity in machining of AISI 316 L steel were investigated experimentally. The cutting forces occur during chip removal, surface roughness values on the machined surfaces with residual stresses on machined workpiece were measured, and metallurgical structure (microhardness and microstructural variations) of the surface layers formed as a result of machining were evaluated. The surface integrity was evaluated in terms of surface roughness, residual stress, microhardness, and microstructure analysis. In experiments, the best surface integrity results were obtained by cutting tools having QM form, and the worst surface integrity results were obtained by cutting tools having MR form. Under all these cutting conditions, it was observed that the surface integrity worsened when depth of cut and cutting feed were increased; however, the surface integrity improved when cutting speed was increased. In terms of cutting parameters, the best surface integrity was obtained with cutting speed 200 m/min, cutting feed 0.1 mm/rev, and depth of cut 1.25 mm; on the other hand, the worst surface integrity was obtained with cutting speed 125 m/min, cutting feed 0.3 mm/rev, and depth of cut 2.5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigation articulates the joining of AISI 316 L austenitic stainless steel plates of thickness 5 mm by activated tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding. Prior to the welding, the optimization of process parameters and the selection of suitable flux have been carried out to join the plates in a single pass welding. The experimental results show that the complete weld penetration can be achieved by using activating flux. The microscopic study divulges the presence of delta ferrite, sigma phase and various forms of austenite in the weld zone. Fischer Feritscope result indicates that the delta ferrite content in the weld is higher (7.8 FN) than the base metal (1.3 FN) which results in superior mechanical properties of the weld. Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) fractography reveals that the failure of weldments occurs in ductile mode. 180° bend test study reveals the good ductility of the joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, AISI 316 L austenitic stainless steel and AH36 low-alloy ship building steel pair were joined with flux-cored arc welding method by using E309LT1-1/4 filler metal under four different shielding gas compositions containing CO at different ratios. Microstructure, impact toughness of welded materials, and their microhardness distribution throughout joining were determined. In macro- and microstructure examinations, stereo optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), SEM/energy dispersive spectroscopy, and SEM/mapping analysis techniques were used. After notched impact toughness, fracture surfaces were examined using the scanning electron microscope. This study investigated effects of shielding gas composition on microstructure, impact toughness, and microhardness distribution of transition zone between AH36 steel and weld metal of joined material. It is observed that based on an increase in amount of CO in shielding gas, impact toughness values of the weldment decreased. Microhardness values change throughout weld metal depended on shielding gas composition. Moreover, an increase in amount of CO within shielding gas decreased δ-ferrite amount in weld metal. The increase in amount of CO within shielding gas leads to expanded transition zone in interface between AH36 and weld metal and also affects notched impact toughness values negatively due to the inclusion amounts occurring in weld metal and hence caused it to decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A slurry immersion technique of alumina coatings was carried out on several AISI 316 L stainless steels using two types of binding agents; commercial starch and Sarawakian starch (sago), which were also mixed with polyvinylchloride (PVA) for strengthening purposes. The sintering temperatures in this work were varied from 500 to 1000°C. Prior to sintering process, all stainless steels were metallographically ground and polished to approximately 0.6 µm of average roughness. Detailed characterisations on the sintered specimens were carried out with the aid of the secondary electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness and a profilometer. The results revealed that coated steels using sago binder showed improved adhesion and homogenous microstructures with greater hardness of 2642 HV than those found in coated steel with commercial starch after sintering process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]