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Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the subacute toxicity of the veterinary drug Celexib on white rats and dogs. The drug "Celexib," based on celecoxib, is used in sports horses, dogs, fallow deer, red deer, wild pigs, and cats for the treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system (arthritis, myositis, laminitis, etc.), pain syndrome (post-operative and post-traumatic), symptomatic therapy for diseases accompanied by animal fever. When administered subcutaneously to rats, the drug "Celexib" (solution for injections) under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1-1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals. However, 3-day administration of the drug, in the indicated doses, led to a probable (P < 0.05) decrease in the number of leukocytes by 14.6, 13.1, and 13.4 %, respectively. After 7 days, after stopping the administration of the drug, a tendency to decrease these indicators was observed. The exception was the tendency to increase the activity of the hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST one and 3 days after the start of the administration of the drug, at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg of body weight, which 7 days after the cessation of subcutaneous administration of the drug, did not differ from those in the control group. When administered subcutaneously to dogs, the drug "Celexib" (solution for injections) under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1-1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, although a 3-day administration of the drug in the indicated doses led to a probable (P < 0.05) decrease in the number of leukocytes by 20.3; 19.5 and 19.8 %, respectively, which began to decrease 7 days after stopping the administration of the drug. The exception was the tendency to increase the activity of the hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST and the concentration of urea one and 3 days after the start of administration of the drug at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg of body weight, which did not differ from those after 7 days after the cessation of subcutaneous administration of the drug in the control group. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the embryotoxic and carcinogenic effect of "Celexib," which is mandatory material of the "Safety and residue studies" section of the dossier for this medicinal product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the subacute toxicity of the veterinary drug Loksidev on white rats and dogs. The meloxicam-based Loxidev drug is used for diseases of the European doe animal treatment system for non-infectious diseases of the musculoskeletal system (acute aseptic myositis to reduce the symptoms of lameness and inflammation), as well as for diseases of the respiratory organs (in case of appropriate antibiotic therapy). Red deer: treatment of animals for non-infectious diseases of the musculoskeletal system (arthritis of the metatarsal joint to reduce symptoms of lameness and inflammation). When administered subcutaneously to rats, the drug Loxidev (for injections), under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment, in doses of 0.03; 0.15 and 0.3 ml/kg of body weight, does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals. The exception was the tendency to decrease the concentration of total hemoglobin and the hematocrit indicator, as well as a probable decrease (P < 0.05) in the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes by 6.5 and 7.2 %, respectively, relative to the control in the blood and an increase (P < 0.05) enzymatic activity of ALT and AST and concentration of urea in blood serum of rats, after three days of administration of the drug, at a dose of 0.30 mg/kg of body weight by 11.8; 11.0 and 10.3 %, respectively. However, after 7 days, after stopping the administration of the drug, these indicators probably did not differ from the control. Subcutaneous administration of the drug Loxidev (for injections) to dogs in doses of 0.03; 0.15 and 0.3 ml/kg of body weight for 3 days generally does not affect the clinical and biochemical parameters of the blood and does not cause hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on the animal body, under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment. The exception was the tendency to decrease the concentration of total hemoglobin, the hematocrit index and the number of erythrocytes, as well as a probable decrease (P < 0.05) in the number of leukocytes by 6.6 %, respectively, relative to the control in the blood and an increase (P < 0.05) in enzymatic activity ALT and AST and the concentration of urea in the blood serum of dogs, after three days of administration of the drug at a dose of 0.30 mg/kg of body weight by 19.4; 19.3 and 14.5 %, respectively, but 7 days after stopping the administration of the drug, these indicators probably did not differ from the control. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the irritant effect, allergenic properties of “Loksidev”, which is mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this veterinary drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the subacute toxicity and tolerance of the veterinary drug “BTF plus” on white rats, dogs, and guinea pigs. The “BTF plus” preparation is a complex vitamin and mineral preparation based on butophosphane, L-carnitine, and cyanocobalamin, which normalizes and corrects metabolic processes in animals and poultry. The drug is used for various types of animals and poultry as a stimulating, tonic and general strengthening agent for obstetric pathologies (difficult births, postpartum complications, paresis, eclampsia, sexual cycle disorders); metabolic disorders caused by irrational feeding, malnutrition, asthenic syndrome, etc.; anemia with helminthiasis; secondary anemias, as an additional means in the treatment of magnesium and calcium deficiency; to increase muscle activity, with significant loads, overstrain and exhaustion in animals; to increase the body's resistance to various pathogens; to stimulate growth, development and live weight gain in young animals and poultry; as an additional means in the treatment of diseases caused by various factors (infectious and non-infectious origin). When administered subcutaneously to rats, the drug “BTF plus” under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment in doses (by absolute weight of the drug) of 200.0, 1000.0, and 2000.0 mg/kg of body weight does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, but on the contrary, stimulates hematopoietic processes and has a positive effect on metabolic processes in their body. Subcutaneous administration of the drug “BTF plus” to dogs in doses (by absolute weight of the drug) of 200.0, 1000.0, and 2000 mg/kg of body weight for ten days does not cause hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on the body under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment, but on the contrary, stimulates hematopoietic processes and has a positive effect on metabolic processes in the body of target animals. The tolerance of guinea pigs to the drug “BTF plus” was studied. It was established that the drug does not hurt the body and behavior of ants when administered subcutaneously in doses (based on the absolute weight of the drug) (5000,0–15000,0) mg/kg of body weight. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the embryotoxic and carcinogenic effect of “BTF plus”, which is mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this medicinal product [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the acute toxicity of the veterinary drug “BTF plus” on white rats and white mice. The preparation “BTF plus” is a complex vitamin and mineral preparation, which is used to normalize and correct metabolic processes in poultry and animals. The drug is used for various types of animals and poultry as a stimulating, tonic and general strengthening agent for: obstetric pathologies (difficult births, postpartum complications, paresis, eclampsia, sexual cycle disorders); metabolic disorders caused by irrational feeding, malnutrition, asthenic syndrome, etc.; anemia with helminthiasis; secondary anemias, as an additional means in the treatment of magnesium and calcium deficiency; to increase muscle activity, with significant loads, overstrain and exhaustion in animals; to increase the body’s resistance to various pathogens; to stimulate growth, development and live weight gain in young animals; as an additional means in the treatment of diseases caused by various factors (infectious and non-infectious origin). Based on the results of determining the parameters of the acute toxicity of the drug “BTF plus” in the case of a single intragastric administration to white female rats, it was not possible to calculate the LD50, since the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration. At the same time, the maximum injected dose (based on the absolute weight of the drug) was 40000.0 mg/kg of body weight, which allows the drug to be classified as VI class of toxicity – the substances are relatively harmless (LD50 > 15000.0 mg/kg of body weight), and according to the degree of danger to IV class – lowhazardous substances (LD50 > 5000.0 mg/kg of body weight). Based on the results of determining the parameters of the acute toxicity of the drug “BTF plus” in the case of a single subcutaneous injection to white female rats and male mice, it was not possible to calculate the LD50, since the death of laboratory animals was not detected within 14 days after administration. At the same time, the maximum injected dose (based on the absolute weight of the drug) was 20000,0 and 40000.0 mg/kg of body weight for both species of animals, respectively, which allows it to be classified as VI class – relatively harmless substances (LD50Subcut > 4500 mg/kg of body weight). Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the embryotoxic effect of “BTF plus”, which is mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the possibility of fortification of goslings' products with lithium and peculiarities of its depositing in the organs and tissues of goslings concerning lithium level in the mixed feed. Experimental studies have been conducted on goose breed Legart. A total of 320 one-day-old goslings were divided on the principle of analogues into four groups and 80 heads each. The goslings of the first control group did not receive the lithium supplement with the feed mix. Experimental groups were fed with the feed mixed that additionally was supplemented with different doses of lithium by the scheme of the experiment. After 70 days of rearing, three birds were randomly selected from each group and their control slaughter. The lithium content in the representative samples of muscle tissue and organs of goslings was determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). It was established that feeding the growing goslings with mixed feed containing lithium supplements in doses of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 mg/kg, contributed to the increase (P < 0.001) of the concentration of this trace element in the muscles of the thigh and drumstick accordingly 789.5, 1589.5 and at 3447.4 %, in the muscles of the breast 1096.8, 2080.6 and at 3948.4 %, liver are 455.4, 824.6 and at 1440.8 % are compared to goslings that did not receive lithium supplements. Significantly high values of lithium accumulation factors in organs and tissues of gosling (3.21-14.44) indicated that this element has a substantial accumulating capacity. The meat of goslings enriched with lithium can be considered as a natural product with bio-corrective action that can be used in human nutrition. These meat products can be particularly useful for people that are living in regions with a low environmental level of lithium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the accelerator Mikrotron M-30 (1-18 MeV) of the Institute of Electronic Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and its main characteristics. Also, it briefly reviews articles on the formation of radiation fields and discusses their characteristics for nuclear physics installations. It includes application of various methods of measuring the currents of charged particles, methods of detecting radiation Fields using various recording media and changing the spatial distribution using attening lters. Attention is also paid to an alternative low-cost registration method using commercial window glass. For the Mikrotron M-30 accelerator, parameters of the radiation fields were investigated on a metrological bench oriented along the electron beam at distances of 0-400 cm from the M-30 beam output node. Diametric characteristics were determined using ionization chambers of the ROBOTRON dosimeter and a Faraday cylinder designed for diagnostics of electron beams with energies up to 30 MeV. In this work, to control the spatial uniformity of the radiation field, we used a registration method based on glass plates; the degree of uniformity of the radiation field was determined by a change in their optical characteristics, namely, the degree of darkening. For correctness of the obtained distributions, the radiation dose was limited to the region of linearity of glass darkening from the absorbed dose. The use of a radiation shaper ensured irradiation of samples with radiation of a uniform Field in the irradiation plane of 30%, which satisfies the conditions of radiation tests for most objects. Analytical dependencies of the radiation dose on the distance to the output node M-30 were obtained using a Faraday cylinder. The combination of these dose dependencies of glass darkening, the spatial homogeneity of the fields, along with the dose dependence on the distance to the source node, made it possible to develop protocols for dosimetric tracking of the irradiation process for materials and devices for various purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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One of the current problems of modern radiobiology is determine the characteristics of the manifestation of radiation-induced effects not only at different dose loads, but also at different stages of development of the organism. In previous reports, we have summarized available evidence that at certain ages there is a comparative acceleration of radiation-induced pathological changes in the eye and brain, and the study and assessment of the risk of possible ophthalmic and neurological pathology in remote periods after contamination of radioactive areas. Data of irradiated in utero individuals are possible on the basis of observation of the state of the visual analyzer in persons who underwent intrauterine irradiation in 1986. Therefore, a parallel study of retinal morphometric parameters, amplitude and latency of components of evoked visual potentials in irradiated in utero individuals was performed. Objective: to evaluate the retinal morphometric parameters, amplitude and latency components of the evoked visual potentials in intrauterine irradiated persons. Materials and methods. The results of surveys of 16 people irradiated in utero in the aftermath of the Chornobyl disaster were used; the comparison group were residents of Kyiv of the corresponding age (25 people). Optical coherence tomography was performed on a Cirrus HD-OCT, Macular Cube 512x128 study technique was used. At the same time, the study of visual evoked potentials on the inverted pattern was performed, and occipital leads were analyzed. Visual evoked potentials were recorded on a reversible chess pattern (VEP) – an electrophysiological test, which is a visual response to a sharp change in image contrast when presenting a reversible image of a chessboard. Results. In those irradiated in utero at the age of 22–25 years, there was a probable increase in retinal thickness in the fovea, there was a tendency to increase the thickness of the retina in the areas around the fovea. When recording visual evoked potentials on a reversible chess pattern in this group, there was a tendency to decrease the amplitudes of components (N75, P100, N145, P200) in the right and left parieto-occipital areas and asymmetric changes in latency of these components. Conclusions. Early changes of fovea recorded in OCT and decreasing amplitudes of components of visual evoked potentials on the reversible chess pattern at the age of 22–25 years may indicate a risk of development in patients irradiated in utero, early age-related macular degeneration, as well as increased risk and increased risk structures of the visual analyzer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Worldwide timely prevention is one of the main tasks in the fight against anemia. Therefore, the development and introduction of new iron preparations does not lose importance in order to provide the pharmaceutical market with anti-anamnetics. One of the promising approaches to the development of such drugs may be the creation of highly stable iron compounds. In this context, one of the promising groups of the compounds of the iron is the so-called clathohelasts, or macrobicyclic complexes. The article presents the parameters of acute toxicity of iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes in laboratory animals. Experimental studies were conducted under the conditions of vivarium and the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The indicative experiment was conducted in order to obtain primary information about the range of doses that are close to the average fatal indicator. Then 7 groups of 6 white mice-males in each were formed based on the principle of analogues. Having conducted the indicative experiment in order to obtain primary information about the range of doses that are close to the average fatal indicator, 7 groups of 6 white mice-males in each were formed based on the principle of analogues. Single intravenous solution of iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes was administered to the animals of the experimental groups and they were observed during 14 days. The features of behavior, intake of food and water were noticed, symptoms of intoxication and death of animals were recorded.As a result of the studies, it was found that the average mortality dose of the test substance for internal administration to white mise is 1258.3 ± 144.87 mg/kg body weight. According to the classification of chemicals by the degree of danger (GOST 12.1.007-76), of iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes corresponds to the third class of hazard, and according to the classification of substances for toxicity it belong to class IV and as for its toxicity it is "low toxic substances". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article includes analysis and generalizations about international and national experience as well as regulatory requirements for the organization and performance of occupational monitoring for radiation exposure (category A personnel), filling of the national dose registries. It is shown that for practical reasons it is justifiable to provide universal individual monitoring of category A personnel, regardless of the expected dose of radiation. The establishment and functioning the national dose registry should not be limited to the mechanical collection and accumulation of data of non-guaranteed quality. Instead, both a quality management program and a scientific and methodological center should become components of the dose monitoring and registration system ensuring the quality and reliability of data on occupational exposure. Besides the dose records, the data sets should include information about methods used, work conditions, employees' health status. Information exchange infrastructure and data protection policies should be built in accordance with national approaches under the auspices of the State Agency for E-Governance in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]