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INTRODUCTION: The increasing incidence of natural and non-natural disasters has become a new challenge for nurses in the emergency department (ED). The efficiency of health services provided to the community is needed to optimize disaster preparedness management by nurses in ED. This study aimed to assess the level of disaster preparedness assessment among emergency nurses in Padang of Indonesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in three emergency departments: a teaching hospital, a public hospital, and a referral hospital in Padang of Indonesia. Fifty nurses in ED were selected using a purposive sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure the sociodemographic of nurses. Meanwhile, the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire (EPIQ) was used to measure emergency nurses' disaster preparedness assessment. Data were analyzed using independent T-test and One-way ANOVA. RESULTS: The finding of this study indicated there were no differences in the level of assessment preparedness for disaster among nurses by nursing education. However, there were differences in the level of assessment preparedness for disaster among nurses by places of work, especially sub-dimension familiarity with isolation, quarantine, and decontamination (p = 0.045), psychological issues (p = 0.029), and communication and connectivity (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Familiarity is associated with isolation, quarantine, decontamination, psychological issues, and communication and connectivity among nurses in ED. Therefore, the hospital can utilize the planning and disaster-based programs services used as an instrument to adjust for potential disasters in the hospital region. Furthermore, nurses' self-efficacy can increase psychological issues to optimize disaster knowledge and skill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is a country that is classified as prone to disasters because of its territory that has a lot of tectonic activity and is located between the ring of fire. Given the urgency of improving people's preparedness for disasters, studies are needed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors associated with disasters. One of which is disaster preparedness, that is influenced by public awareness of disasters. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between current awareness level of the community towards disaster and Community preparedness for disaster preparedness efforts in Indonesia. The design of this study was cross-sectional. Data were collected by a self-administered online survey. The study respondents were community that are accessible and were willing to fill out questionnaires voluntarily. The research was conducted in March-October 2021 with the nation as the research location. The size of the sample was 400 respondents obtained from the calculation of estimation in finite population. Respondents with lower current awareness level of the community towards disaster had higher risk 1.49 times to have lower community preparedness for disaster preparedness efforts compared to respondents with higher community preparedness for disaster preparedness efforts (PR=1.49, 95%CI=1.25‑1.76, P<0.001). Increasing public awareness about disaster preparedness is very important. The government can work with non-governmental organizations and community leaders to provide understanding and training to the community to deal with disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indonesia frequently experiences natural disasters, underscoring the importance of nursing competencies in disaster preparedness. Nevertheless, especially among general nurses, the factors shaping these competencies are not well understood. Purpose: This study aimed to explore Indonesian nurses' perceptions of disaster preparedness competencies and compare these perceptions across distinct characteristics. Methods: Adopting a cross-sectional design, 230 nurses from all wards of a public hospital in Jakarta Province were selected via quota sampling. The Nurses' Perceptions of Disaster Core Competencies Scale (NPDCC) questionnaire was utilized to assess nurses' perceptions of competencies across five domains. The study employed Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Likelihood ratio tests, followed by backward (likelihood ratio) multiple logistic regression, to analyze the relationship between nurses' characteristics and their perception of disaster preparedness competencies. Results: Results indicated that 51.7% of nurses perceived their disaster competencies as high, with an average score of 175.84(25.017). Further analysis revealed that nurses' perceptions of these competencies were influenced by education (p=0.002), disaster simulation experience (p=0.036), and awareness of hospital disaster plans (p=0.012), with Nagelkerke's R2=0.140. Nurses with a diploma qualification were 2.569 times more likely to perceive their skills as lower. Lack of simulation experience and unawareness of the plan further diminished perceived competencies, with ORs of 2.050 and 5.420, respectively. Conclusion: While education, disaster simulation experience, and plan awareness are crucial for nurses' perceptions of disaster competencies, enhancing other supportive factors is also vital. This study recommends that hospitals increase educational opportunities, emphasizing regular disaster simulations and granting better access to disaster plans, to bolster nurses' disaster preparedness competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is at high risk of disasters. Therefore, nursing is expected to play a role in disaster risk reductions in communities. This study aimed to implement the Disaster Preparedness Training Integration Model based on Public Health Nursing (ILATGANA-PHN) to increase the Capacity of community in natural disaster-prone areas by assessing the preparedness level of families and communities in disaster-prone areas. The research method was developed in two stages, including the model preparation stage and the model implementation stage. This research was in the 2nd stage, namely the model impelementation stage. The research design, at the model implementation stage, used the one-sample pre-post test without control group design. The respondents were assessed before and after the ILATGANA-PHN training intervention. The sample size was calculated using the sample size calculation formula for the experimental research design without controls. The samples of the study were 78 people. The result of the research described the ILATGANA-PHN training concepts, including the instrument, curriculum, process, module, and maintenance patterns for the training process. The intervention had a significant effect on increasing the independent preparedness of the people in Kendeng Community, Sugih Mukti Village (ƿ 0.000 ≤ 0.005) in terms of four preparedness parameters, namely knowledge and attitudes about disasters (KA), disaster preparedness plans (PE), disaster warnings (WS), and resource mobilization community (RMC). Nurses have the opportunity to take responsibilities for empowering the community capacity in the disaster area through the implementation of ILATGANA-PHN training. The integrated training model for disaster preparedness based on Public Health Nursing (ILATGANA-PHN) is effective in increasing the community capacity, especially in disaster managements, in disaster-prone areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Health education programs can enhance self-efficacy and disaster preparedness. However, research incorporating the Health Belief Model (HBM) in education for infectious disasters is lacking. Aims: Examine the effectiveness of an HBM-based education program on self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported preparedness for infectious disasters in rural populations. Methods: In total, 109 eligible participants were allocated to two groups: participants who received HBM-based education (n = 55) or regular education (n = 54), presented at in-person meetings, with individual follow-up conducted on WhatsApp. Self-reported self-efficacy and preparedness for infectious disasters in both groups were measured at 4 and 8 weeks. Findings: Participants showed a significant interaction between groups and in time to increase in self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported preparedness to deal with infectious disasters. After 4 and 8 weeks, the groups had statistically significant differences (p ≤.001) in all outcome measures. Conclusion: HBM-based education was associated with increased self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported infectious disaster preparedness among the rural population. Follow-up by nurses is essential to implementing continuing health belief education programs to enhance rural populations' self-efficacy and infectious disaster preparedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The earthquake and tsunami disasters in Aceh Province, Indonesia led to several injuries, deaths, unfound bodies, and high property losses on 26 December 2004. This hazardous period has reportedly become a valuable case for Syiah Kuala University, where various solutions are being considered for eradicating subsequent occurrences. Therefore, this study aims to determine the implementation patterns of the disaster curriculum developed and applied at Syiah Kuala University, to achieve a DPC (Disaster Preparedness Campus) reputation and enhance DP (Disaster Preparedness) among community members, especially students. A qualitative verification method outlined as a description was used, due to being an inductive approach to the entire experimental process. Data collection was also carried out through observation and literature review, as well as several interviews with the following, (1) The head of the technical implementation unit general course of Syiah Kuala University, (2) The coordinator and lecturer of disaster and environmental knowledge course, and (3) The students of Syiah Kuala University studying the course. After this process, a Delphi method was used to analyze the data obtained, with the outcomes confirmed by a competent expert. Based on the results, three important steps were found to improve disaster preparedness among the people of Aceh and Syiah Kuala University students, namely (1) The establishment of the Tsunami Disaster Mitigation Research Center in 2006, (2) The establishment of the Master Program Study of Disaster Science in the university's Postgraduate Program in 2010, and (3) Development of the general course of disaster knowledge and environment in 2016, which was a compulsory requirement for all students from various faculties, departments, and programs. This indicated that Syiah Kuala University was the first campus to mandate a disaster science course in Indonesia. These results are expected to improve disaster preparedness for students, with Syiah Kuala University becoming a DPC (Disaster Preparedness Campus) in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaster preparedness activities are important for libraries, as they collect and provide access to information and knowledge of human intellectual ideas and work. This study aims to identify potential disasters that may be experienced by academic libraries in Indonesia as well as their disaster preparedness activities. A quantitative approach was used to survey 85 academic library representatives who attended an academic librarian forum in Jakarta, Indonesia. The results identified the many types of natural and manmade disasters that have already and continue to threaten collections and services of respondent libraries. In addition to earthquakes and floods, threats include risks from human actions such as theft and vandalism, as well as problems arising from unstable electrical power supplies, and hardware and software malfunctions. This study also found that the majority of libraries participating in the study do not have a disaster preparedness plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disasters pose a substantial risk to people's health and well-being on a global scale. Community-based training on the initial response to traffic accidents has a considerable impact on reducing morbidity and mortality. There is no information on the most effective type of community-based training for such incidents or on how to integrate this into disaster response. The goal of this study was to characterize the content of first aid training and its effect on providing assistance during a disaster. The MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. The terms "basic life support" OR "bleed control" OR "cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)" OR "first aid" AND "bystander" OR "layperson" OR "public" were used. We chose the general public as our sample. We included only publications that were available in English and published between January 2000 and September 2021 due to time and resource constraints. Four of the included studies were conducted in the United States and one in Indonesia. The sample size ranged from 24 to 465 members of the general public or bystanders. Community members gained increased knowledge and abilities regarding disaster preparedness strategies and procedures. The first aid training content focused on prehospital trauma care, including training on the ABCs, dealing with disasters in the community, calling for help, identifying the location of life-threatening bleeding and applying pressure, and packing a wound and applying a tourniquet for bleeding control. A training program emphasizing both first aid methods and inhibitors of behaviors to help in an emergency was found to be significantly associated with increased rates of assistance during emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia categorized as a volcanic disaster-prone area. In the study area, every student possesses knowledge and attitude toward volcano disaster preparedness since they have a high risk when Merapi Volcano erupts. The objectives of this study were to 1) find out the disaster knowledge attitudes and student preparedness in dealing with volcanic disasters and (2) find out the relationship between knowledge and student preparedness. This study uses a quantitative method of correlation with a questionnaire based filed survey. Data were processed using SPSS 21 In order to achieve the study objectives 120 students were intensively interviewed in two senior high schools, namely Senior High School 1 Pakem and Senior High School 1 Cangkringan, which are located in close proximity to Merapi Volcano Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province. The results showed that as many as 120 students, or 95% of the total research subjects, experienced a volcanic disaster. While the preparedness results obtained from the four main parameters, namely (1) Knowledge and attitudes, (2) Emergency response plans, (3) Disaster warning systems (4) Resource Mobilization, showed that 120 students were in the "Ready" category. The results of this study indicate a mismatch between aspects of knowledge and preparedness. The lack of transfer of disaster knowledge to students influences common disaster knowledge. It was found that, high preparedness has direct relationship with students' experiences, as they were directly affected by Merapi Volcanic disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries are one of the vital institutions that collect and manage the intellectual and cultural output of human beings, both in print and digital forms. Along with the growth of digital collections, the threats to or vulnerability of those collections are also increasing. This paper aims to describe the digital disaster preparedness measures implemented by respondent academic libraries in Indonesia that participated in the study. The study was conducted in Jakarta, Indonesia. The finding shows that even though libraries have taken steps to protect their digital data and collections, most of the libraries that participated in this study do not have a written digital disaster preparedness policy and had never conducted a risk analysis of the potential for digital disasters in their institutions. This research recommends that the libraries need to do a risk assessment first to prevent and manage any potential disaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is particularly vulnerable to natural disasters, especially geological and hydrometeorological disasters, which can adversely impact human life. Disaster management is a development carried out and integrated by the Regional Government. This study aimed to analyse the natural disaster preparedness among volunteers in the Poncokusumo Area, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The study used a cross-sectional design to determine the volunteers' level of disaster preparedness. The sampling technique used randomised (cluster) sampling with 165 respondents. The research used a questionnaire with a 5-category Guttman Scale for disaster preparedness index (DPI) with the parameters divided into knowledge and attitude (KA), emergency planning (EP), disaster warning system (DWS) and resource mobilisation capacity (RMC). The research was conducted in the working area of Poncokusumo Public Health Center, Maofng Regency. Data analysis in the study used a one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the volunteer level of preparedness for landslides was 67±1.33 (ready). There was a relationship between characteristics of disaster preparedness, namely, age (p-value = 0.033) and years of experience as a volunteer (p-value = 0.02). Volunteers can contribute to relief operations by providing necessities, such as food, water and shelter to affected individuals. They can also assist in clean-up activities, infrastructure repair, and community rebuilding initiatives. It is important to note that volunteers should be well-trained and coordinated with local authorities and emergency management agencies to ensure their safety and effectiveness in disaster preparedness and management situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indonesia is located within the Asia-Pacific Ring of Fire, so natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, and landslides are common. Preparedness is essential to prevent many casualties due to various disasters. Problem: The Aceh, Indonesia earthquake and tsunami in 2004 was one of the most devastating disasters since the 1990s. Some of the victims were children. This is because there was no pattern of preparedness in dealing with disasters when the incident took place; even the word tsunami was not familiar in Indonesia at that time. Thus, the preparation of a disaster preparedness and safety curriculum began to be implemented in Indonesia after the Aceh earthquake and tsunami. Conclusion: The disaster preparedness and safety curriculum in early childhood education is developed in accordance with the potential and characteristics of the school area. Basic disaster material provided concepts, characteristics and threats, maps, ways of overcoming, and disaster preparedness and security. Facilities and infrastructure supporting disaster preparedness learning used disaster puzzles, disaster posters, songs about disasters, and prayers asking God for help to be protected from disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Professional nurses are expected to prepare in emergency and disaster situations. Therefore, we need to prepare pre-clinical nursing students for basic disaster management. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of disaster management basic training in improving student's preparedness to face disaster. Methods: It used experimental posttest only - nonequivalent control group design with purposive sampling and 50 students were divided into 2 groups: students who got basic disaster management training and groups of students who only received disaster materials in lectures. Results: The average index of disaster preparedness in the treatment group (χ = 5.4500) was higher than the control group (χ = 3.7554). The result was obtained ρ = 0,000 (α = 0.05) using independent t test. Conclusion: This showed that the method of basic disaster management training significantly affect the level of disaster preparedness in the students. Therefore, the method can be applied for implementation of curriculum 2018 in disaster nursing lecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disasters are events that threaten and disrupt people's lives and livelihoods due to natural and/or non-natural factors as well as human factors that cause human casualties, environmental damage, property losses, and psychological. The implementation of disaster preparedness has not been carried out comprehensively and continuously throughout Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of landslide preparedness education interventions in increasing the landslide preparedness capacity of households in the Sukabumi Regency. The minimum sample was 118 for each intervention and control group. Random sampling was used for sampling technique. Data analysis was done using an independent t-test. The results of the study mean that the difference in knowledge scores showed a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group (F = 23.41, p-value = 0.000). In addition, the average difference in household preparedness scores for landslides showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (F = 190.08, p-value = 0.000). After the intervention, the intervention group's household disaster preparedness improved significantly. Meanwhile, no significant increase was observed in the control group's household disaster preparedness score after the intervention. Household disaster preparedness training may have an impact on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of individuals and families. Trainings such as online and simulation using live or recorded demonstrations should be developed and evaluated for their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is an area with three different volcanic arcs. Almost every year, there are disasters in Indonesia, particularly tsunamis. On the other side, Indonesia has SDGs 2030 focused on disaster management or risk reduction. Based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis, this study will look at the part that SDGs education plays in disaster readiness. To attain the research orientation, the researchers developed a tsunami education program and assessed its validity and reliability to find a suitable model. The research approach included a cross-sectional survey to gather quantitative data on the students' replies. The data are valid and expected based on the normal tests. Two of the five indicators from the model influence analysis have been verified, making the model just partially acceptable. However, it is known that only a small number of factors have an impact on other variables based on total effect, direct effect, and indirect effect analyses. Five variables were identified as not significant in the final analysis. Therefore, not all of the model's hypothetical variables can be accepted entirely. The scope of research can be expanded in the future by using more focused variables, a larger sample size, and more respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The students are the group most vulnerable to disasters, especially children with disability. Teachers should have the skills to handle disasters when they occur. The low preparedness of School-Based Disaster Preparedness/Sekolah Siaga Bencana (SSB) teachers in disaster risk reduction can lead to increased vulnerability of teachers in dealing with disaster threats. This study was conducted to analyse the relationship of the role of the teachers in the implemented curriculum SSB in Vulnerability of school teachers with disability in Malang City. This research is a quantitative study, using correlative analytic observational design and cross sectional approach with a sample of 30 teachers taken from elementary schools and junior high schools with disability. The results of bivariate analysis using gamma correlation test obtained the results of knowledge factors (p = 0.005; r = 0.47) attitude (p = 0.000; r = 0.75), means of infrastructure (p = 0.000; r = 0.98), and disaster information (p = 0.000; r = 0.59) for SSB teachers’ preparedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The lack of planning and coordination by the mass gathering event organizers involving other stakeholders, especially from the health sector, caused mass casualty incidents which could not be managed in a timely manner and resulted in many victims. This was worsened by the fact that the nearest health facilities to the mass gathering event did not have a disaster management plan such as a hospital disaster preparedness plan which, if any, was not operational. No firm regulation forced, monitored, and evaluated the necessity of high-risk mass gathering events to have such a preparedness plan yet in Indonesia. Method: Using a case study qualitative research method by conducting media observations and listening to webinars on experiences with health workers involved in handling the social disaster of the Kanjuruhan tragedy. Supported by analysis of policy reviews and in-depth interviews with the involved stakeholders on the field. Results: This is ongoing research, the results have not been finalized. However, from the information that has been obtained so far, it can be concluded that there is no synergy between the plans prepared by the football match organizing committee, police, local government, and nearest referral health facilities. This was identified by the absence of a medical director at the referral health facility, the absence of in and out access for the medical team to the mass gathering event location, and the absence of crowd management at the site of the incident resulted in 720 injured and 135 of them dead. This made the incident the second worst football stampede incident in history. Conclusion: Specific mass gathering regulation specific to football matches is required as Indonesia has a risk of hooliganism in some areas. This will be mandatory for the organizing committee to comply with and involve relevant stakeholders, especially the local health sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a wider Disaster Preparedness project, initiated by Tearfund UK, and conducted by H-C-R, Health Communication Research, an Australian NGO; a crisis communication evaluation was carried out in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, the capital of Aceh province, from October to November of 2009. Local NGO volunteers interviewed 15 key people from various governmental agencies; help organisations and village leaders in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar. This presentation reviews the results of the key interviews. The interviewees were asked 10 questions to determine their opinions of what the residents of Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar have learnt about disaster preparedness in the past two years and what they still need to learn. The decision makers and leaders also evaluated the use of various media in contributing to disaster preparedness training. The government and NGO representatives held more positive views of the effectiveness of disaster management and disaster reduction improvement than did village leaders. The government has made solid contributions to disaster preparedness in organising the simulations and the BMKG (Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika, a system which is responsible for meteorology, climate and geophysics including the tsunami warning) system in cooperation with the media and they have made additional contributions by creating dialogue concerning the overall issue of disasters and what to do during disasters. At the same time, village leaders believe the government has not done enough to keep the people informed in all circumstances, for example in a situation when there was an earthquake but no tsunami followed. Village leaders expect more community (kampong) level disaster training, and printed materials and lectures on disaster preparedness given in local offices and mosques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia routinely experiences disasters in various regions every year. To see that disaster management is currently disaster risk reduction oriented, individuals need to have a future time perspective to anticipate the potential impacts of disasters that will occur. In addition, as we know, community resilience in disaster management policies and practices is currently receiving greater attention. With the quantitative method and multiple linear regression test, this study tries to determine the effect of future time perspective and community resilience on disaster risk reduction in disaster-prone communities. The 57 subjects of this study were 20–45 year-old men and women who live in disaster-prone environments. The subjects were asked to fill out the Future Time Perspective Scale, Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit, and General Disaster Preparedness Belief Scale. The three scales were disseminated via social media, where anyone could fill them in as long as they met the subject’s criteria of the research. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of the future time perspective on disaster risk reduction, however, there is no effect of community resilience on disaster risk reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bahorok River basin has a high flash-flood hazard index. This is shown by loss of lives and damage of homes due to floods in recent years, however, no research examined community preparedness on the hazard of flash-flood. This research aimed to assess the effect of disaster experience and flood-risk perception on disaster preparedness of the people of Bukit Lawang Plantation Village. A cross-sectional survey design was used to determine the relationship between disaster experience, risk perception and preparedness as the independent and dependent variables, respectively. The results showed that disaster experience and risk perception positively and significantly affect the community preparedness. Disaster risk reduction programs in the region only focus on emergency response, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Furthermore, increasing public awareness and preparedness has not been prioritized in reducing flood risk. This is an essential aspect for consideration because mountainous areas are often marginalized and lack access to disaster risk reduction programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the relationships between public and private sectors in tourism disaster management and assess the criteria for the realisation of public and private collaborations in tourism disaster management in terms of their priorities. This research, conducted in two regions in Indonesia, employed in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) survey participated by representatives of relevant government agencies and tourism industry associations. Findings show that each stakeholder plays bigger roles compared to others in the different phase of tourism disaster management. The study also identifies six possible criteria for public-private collaborations in tourism disaster management, namely the formation of special organisation for crisis management, certification for disaster preparedness, the availability of guidelines for disaster management, regulation for critical facilities in disaster management, tourism planning considering disaster risk awareness and tourism industry associations' enhanced role in improving disaster risk awareness. Through AHP surveys involving experts, it is found that there is a different level of disaster preparedness between regions and different priorities chosen by their stakeholders. Higher level of disaster preparedness and a more practical implementation of disaster management in Bali is likely due to the influence of international market demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia with a high earthquake risk index. The high risk of earthquakes requires educational institutions to play an important role in increasing disaster preparedness among students. This study aims to find out the effects of disaster education that have been integrated into the geography education curriculum and the role of earthquake risk perceptions in increasing earthquake preparedness. A survey of 210 geography education students was conducted at two universities in Aceh. By using multiple linear regression analysis, the findings reveal that geographic education and earthquake risk perception have a positive effect on increasing earthquake preparedness. However, the effect of these two variables simultaneously was only 24.1%. The low influence of the role of geography education in increasing earthquake preparedness is because disaster education taught so far only shapes conceptual knowledge. This study suggests the importance of combining earthquake preparedness knowledge and practice with future disaster education programs. This is imperative because turning knowledge into action is at the core of disaster education to improve preparedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2008 Disaster Mitigation Preparedness (DMP) study took place in Aceh province, Indonesia. It sought to help develop radio programmes and messages to increase resilience to disasters. The role of radio was evaluated during and after the 2004 Asian tsunami disaster. The study team interviewed 984 tsunami survivors from nine sub-districts of Banda Aceh, and local nongovernmental organisations convened eight focus groups around the area of Aceh Besar. Six key informant interviews were held with government disaster management agencies. The DMP survey is the first of its kind to interview a representative random sample of Banda Aceh residents. It reveals the importance of community and social networks, during disaster situations, when essential communications are down. A disaster warning information system based on a multi-media approach needs to be developed. The wider community should be involved in the planning, education and training of Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar residents to facilitate appropriate personal and community survival strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subduction zone in southern Java Island causes areas in the south of Java Island prone to tsunami disasters. Bantul District is located in south of Java Island. Parangtritis Beach in Bantul District has the highest number of visitors than other beaches in D.I.Yogyakarta Province. As an area visited by many local and foreign tourists, preparedness needs to offer to local communities and tourists. In order to when a disaster occurs, there are not many casualties, both from local communities and tourists. This study uses parameters from LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR (2006). The result of this study is that the preparedness of the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Bantul Regency to face the tsunami disaster has an index value of 93.99 which means it is very ready. However, preparedness effort has not been carried out optimally and thoroughly. Preparedness is still a priority for the local community and has not prioritized tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding disaster and emergency preparedness among health care workers. Method: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted in several public hospitals in West Java province, Indonesia. A self-administered questionnaire using modified Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire (EPIQ) was used for data collection. This questionnaire consists of 3 components, i.e. respondent sociodemographic data, basic knowledge on emergency preparedness, and attitude towards emergency and disaster preparedness. Results: Health care workers from 9 public hospitals participated in this study by completing the questionnaire. Female comprised the majority of the respondents (70%). More than a half of the total respondents (53.2%, n=115) showed good knowledge on emergency and disaster preparedness. However, slightly less than a half of the respondents (46.8%, n=101) still had poor knowledge. The respondents' attitude toward emergency preparedness was generally positive as most of them (75.9%, n=164) expressed a positive attitude although some still reflected negative attitudes towards it (24.1%, n=42). Conclusion: There is a need to improve the overall knowledge on emergency preparedness among the respondents in order to achieve good hospital disaster preparedness. The positive attitude reflects the acceptability of emergency preparedness among health care workers. Therefore, routine emergency planning and drills should be integrated into the emergency and disaster management program in hospital as investments to achieve good hospital emergency and disaster management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In some places of the world, disasters occur virtually every day. If disasters are not properly foreseen, they may result in many fatalities. This research aims to examine the growth and pattern of literature on natural disaster education in schools. This analytical strategy combines quantitative and statistical methods to discover trends, assess quality, and track development. A total of 216 documents were chosen from the 403 documents collected. Following 2015, there was a considerable increase in four-year publications. Authors from the United States contributed to 45 papers with 37% citations and ranked first, followed by authors from Japan (31 documents; 15% citations) and Indonesia (31 documents) with rankings citations below the top 10. Most publications were published in the International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (12 docs; Q1 Scimago Journal Rank 1.1 (SJR 1.1)). The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines had the most citations (100; Q1 SJR 3.6) and was ranked first in its discipline. The existing core literature on school education on natural disasters demonstrates that this topic is developing rapidly, but with insufficient international research collaboration. Research cooperation in this area must be strengthened to better the global response to natural disaster mitigation, which should begin in schools worldwide. There is a need to widen the scope of study in this field to include natural disaster preparedness education in the school curriculum, assessments, learning media, disaster response education, and instructional designs. Finally, disaster education in schools must be addressed as soon as possible to contribute to disaster preparedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify indicators of community preparedness for disasters and apply these indicators to a critical case study context, namely the local communities in two districts of Lombok Island of Indonesia, which were stricken by earthquakes in 2018 and 2019. Community preparedness indicators are identified through a systematic literature review (SLR) and in-depth interviews with governmental and non-governmental stakeholders. These indicators are grouped into capability, coordination and networking, legal and institutional support, facilities and infrastructure, disaster management plan, and early warning system. Preparedness is then assessed using these indicators as a framework for conducting interviews and observations in the two districts. Results from the case study indicate that most villages are relatively prepared for disasters because they conduct regular meetings concerning disaster preparedness, participate in disaster simulations, and receive socialization/education from the government and humanitarian organizations, including the Indonesian Red Cross. Most villages also have disaster preparedness infrastructure in place, such as disaster risk maps, evacuation routes, and a standard operating procedure to follow in the event of a disaster. This preparedness was reflected in the involvement of communities in the early response to the 2019 earthquake. However, further enhancement is still needed to ensure that all disaster-prone villages have the required disaster preparedness infrastructure, and the communities are actively involved in disaster preparedness activities. This research contributes to better understanding disaster preparedness at the community level in a critical case study context. The results are valuable for governmental and non-governmental agencies to optimize the pre- and post-disaster planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with disabilities and their representative organisations are recognised by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction as key contributing stakeholders in disaster resilience-building at the community level. What might be the role and contribution of disabled people's organisations (DPOs) in realising the right of people with disabilities to be protected in disaster situations? This article reports findings from a research project utilising a multiple case-study research design to examine the implementation of three disability-inclusive disaster preparedness projects led by DPOs in Indonesia. Findings show that the DPOs successfully led disaster preparedness initiatives within their local communities and were instrumental in contributing to collective community-based disaster risk reduction efforts, despite structural barriers that constrained their efforts. The findings suggest pathways to more effectively advance disability-inclusive disaster risk reduction through DPO-led initiatives; giving due consideration to ensuring adequate DPO resources and capacities; and engagement with mainstream stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Public Health Center is the front line that plays a major role in disaster preparedness and management, so efforts are needed to increase the resilience of the Public Health Center to ensure that the Public Health Center remains resilient, safe and continues to operate in the event of a disaster. To prevent the impact of paralysis of health services at the Public Health Center, a tool is needed to measure the resilience of the Public Health Center. Objective. This research aims to identify indicators of Public Health Center resilience which were synthesized from various sources. Methods. This research was a cross-sectional study among 30 Public Health Centers in flood-prone areas of East Java Province that experienced floods from September to October 2021. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the suitability of the structural model of Public Health Center resilience. The validity of the questionnaire has been tested using the Coefficient of Reproducibility and Coefficient of Scalability with values of Kr = 0.903 and Ks = 0.903 so that it is declared valid. Results. The results showed that the reliability value = 0.843>0.7, which indicates adequate reliability. All items in the Health Center Resilience questionnaire have a factor loading greater than 0.32 and obtained AVE > 0.5, which indicates good convergent validity, and CR obtained > 0.7 means that the questions in the questionnaire are reliable. Conclusion. In conclusion, there are 13 indicators that make up the significant Public Health Center Resilience questionnaire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ternate location which passed by Pacific Ring of Fire made the area of Ternate have a high risk of experiencing volcanic eruptions. School as one of the stakeholders is responsible for improving the preparedness of students. Students are the most group vulnerable to disasters. Preparedness in reducing disaster risk that possessed by students is still relatively low, thus requires training for students to deal with disasters that cannot be predicted when it occurs. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of simulation and animation video methods in improving the knowledge related to preparedness among students. This study used pre-test posttest with control group design. The population in this study were fifth and sixthgrade students from four different schools which in the disaster-prone area in Ternate, North Maluku. Total respondent in this study was 90 respondents that were selected using purposive sampling technique, then divided into two groups: simulation and animation video methods. Data of knowledge and attitude variables were collected before and after training using a questionnaire. Data collected from this study were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests (α=0.05) with SPSS 20. The result of this study was shown that there was a significant difference in knowledge between the two groups before and after an intervention. Both groups shown an improvement mean score in knowledge (from 5.02 to 7.38) Similarly, the video group (5.27 to 6.67, p=0.000). Comparison between the two methods shown that the simulation method obtained higher knowledge than the video method with a mean rank of 55.44 vs. 35.56 (p=0,000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hospitals around the world need to be safe and prepared to face disasters, being these man-made or caused by natural hazards. The Hospital Safety Index (HSI) is a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) that allows access to the level of preparedness of hospitals; it is the most widely used instrument of its kind. Although the HSI is frequently used by hospitals and healthcare facilities around the world, scientific literature on its application in real life is scarce and qualitative studies are absent. By adopting a qualitative methodology, this study aims to investigate the use of the HSI to assess disaster preparedness in hospitals and healthcare facilities, identify challenges and facilitators of the HSI use, and devise recommendations for future adaptations of the tool. Method: A retrospective qualitative study employing semi-structured online interviews was conducted to gather opinions and perspectives of professionals using the HSI to assess disaster preparedness. Participants were recruited by contacting via email the authors of scientific publications on the use of the HSI. Results: In total, nine people from three different countries (Serbia, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia) and having different professional backgrounds agreed to participate in this study. They shared the reasons for their choice of using the HSI, against other tools, as well as the steps taken before and during data collection. Strengths and weaknesses of the HSI were identified and authors reported the challenges they encountered in the preparatory phase and during data collection. Modifications of the tool and recommendations for the future were proposed targeting both researchers and hospital managers. Conclusion: As far as the authors know, this is the first qualitative study examining the methodological implications of using the HSI and providing practical recommendations that can advance the HSI tool and foster its use for disaster preparedness assessments worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 1st of August 2012, two successive flash floods hit Nasiri hamlet in Maluku archipelago, Indonesia. The floods destroyed 61 houses and swept some of them down into the sea. A monitoring and community-based early warning system (MCBEWS) was developed 2 years later. This paper presents the approach, development, and implementation of the system. There are two components, namely community capacity-building and the establishment of telemetric monitoring. The flood warning system considers two causes: extreme rainfall and landslide dam breaks. Raising awareness, workshops, training, and disaster organisation establishment appeared to effectively increase flood disaster preparedness capacity and community commitment. The adoption of a rainfall depth vs. intensity chart method for issuing flood warnings seems to be promising. The presence of an unusual flow reduction in the record during extreme rainfall indicates damming at the upstream of the record station due to landslides. Possible landslide dams near the downstream to the middle reaches might provide dangerous high peak discharge flash floods with short warning times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eruptions from Kelud (Kelut) volcano, Indonesia on 13 to 14 February, 2014 ejected huge amount of volcanic ash to an altitude of more than 26 km and spread to >700 km, leading to the disruption of flights, collapse of man-made structures, traffic accidents, and large-scale evacuations while leaving indelible signs of ecosystem degradation. To better comprehend the physical and chemical characters and possible environmental implications of Kelud eruption, three unconsolidated poorly-sorted ash samples were collected on February 24, 2014 from roof tops in Yogyakarta, Indonesia and analyzed for their size (0.3 to 300 µm), shape (irregular, columnar and tabular), texture (vesicular with shards and Pele's hair), mineralogy (andesine + diopside + enstatite + cristobalite + magnetite + glass) and geochemistry (basaltic andesite — andesite). The trace element concentrations, marginally fractionated REE pattern, and the basaltic andesite to andesite affinity of all Kelud ash samples infer their genetic linkage with island arc environment. The fine-grained particulate matter in the inhalable size range, presence of crystalline silica (cristobalite) and chemical toxicity of ash, observed during the present study, shall be useful for disaster preparedness and to create environmental safeguards for similar volcanic eruptions in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to classify public comments on YouTube related to disaster preparedness simulations through sentiment analysis. The research process included data collection, labeling, pre-processing, and classification. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayes algorithms were used for classification. Following manual labeling of 204 datasets, the breakdown of sentiment was as follows: 112 positive, 43 negative, and 49 neutral. The evaluation involved two scenarios: performance testing and sensitivity testing. Performance testing, conducted on pre-processed datasets, revealed that Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) achieved an accuracy rate of 80.4%, with the best execution time of 0.0097 seconds. In contrast, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved the highest accuracy rate of 72.3%, albeit with a longer worst-case execution time of 193.48 seconds. Furthermore, in the results of sensitivity measurements using the dataset without going through the preprocessing stages, each method was able to show the best results with a value of 100%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia's geographical condition is vulnerable to geological changes and prone to natural disasters. The Indonesian Government has made various efforts to reduce disaster risk by developing disaster-safe education units. Disaster education will be effective if it is integrated into the curriculum in the school subjects such as social studies from an early age. This study aims to provide ideas for implementing disaster mitigation learning for high school students based on the concept of Merdeka belajar in the digital age. To better understand disaster preparedness under the concepts of Merdeka belajar, we thoroughly examined the relevant databases. It was carried out within the education framework put out by Ki Hadjar Dewantara (1889-1959), Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841), and Jan Komensky (1592-1670). Given that Indonesia has at least 13 disaster threats whose risks vary depending on the region, it is crucial to understand the local wisdom in disaster mitigation. This content is available in high school phases' natural and social sciences subjects (ilmu pengetahuan alam dan sosial, IPAS). This research is crucial to successfully improve the teaching-learning quality to meet the needs of the Pancasila student profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is still facing the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the current challenge is the epidemic, which was thought to have become endemic, but it seems far from that. This article describe the recent progress of the COVID-19 globally, including in Indonesia, and what should be done towards building community health resilience. Each day, more than 500,000 new cases are being detected worldwide. This condition shows that the present pandemic is not over and still requires global vigilance. The challenge faced by the world, and Indonesia, is to develop resilient communities as a prerequisite to controlling any future epidemic. This can be achieved by adopting five strategies: strengthen and promote access to public health and social services, promote health and wellness and disaster preparedness, expand communication and collaboration, engage at-risk individuals and activate programs to protect their health, and build social connectedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquake size can be estimated using magnitude-rupture area scaling developed from modelled fault dimensions and measured moment magnitudes. In this study, a measure of a fault plane geometry was provided by rupture area A and the size scaled with moment magnitude Mw. Using global earthquakes datasets containing 90 events with varying magnitudes 4.45 = Mw = 9.20 during years of 1960-2015, we classified the data into separate strike-slip, dip-slip (normal and reverse) and subduction-zone earthquakes. The study aims to search for reliable scaling used for magnitude prediction of earthquakes around the globe for each type of source mechanism. We found from the Mw-A scaling proposed in this study that the magnitude for subduction events was likely to saturate to a maximum value possible Mw? 9.3 at rupture areas much larger than those for strike-slips and dip-slips. This suggests that rocks in the subduction-zone are able to accumulate high stress, implying large seismic energy release via strong ground motion when an earthquake occurs at the plate boundary. Taking into account cases under consideration that included intraplate-fault and subduction processes covering a wide range of magnitudes from moderate to large sizes, the results are relevant to Indonesian tectonic settings, where active crustal faults have been recently found throughout the country and in particular a future megathrust subductionzone earthquake of Mw ~ 9.0 is possible to occur off the south coasts of Java Island, the most densely populated island in Indonesia. These potential seismic threats call for increasing awareness of disaster preparedness, particularly for local community in regions with a high level of vulnerability to tsunami and earthquake disasters. Therefore, a reliable earthquake early warning is of primary importance, which is best integrated into an existing tsunami early warning for maximum security from future seismic hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geographical location of Makassar, which is included in the lowlands and the increasingly uncertain climate change, makes this area included in the flood map in Indonesia. Almost every year, the city of Makassar is haunted by the potential for flooding in several vulnerable areas such as the sub-districts of Manggala, Wajo and Bontoala and the Antang National Housing, every disaster in the city of Makassar is handled by the Regional Office. Disaster Management Agency. So far, flood disaster preparedness is still not responsive to a disaster, most of them sit around waiting for help, and the community lacks understanding of what to do when a flood disaster hits them. This study aims to design a system that provides education to the public about flood disaster management using virtual reality technology. This research method uses Virtual Reality technology based on educational games. The result of this research is the existence of a flood control simulation system that can help the people of Makassar understand what to do in the event of a flood and with virtual reality-based, educational game technology providing a more attractive appearance. So that people are happy and happy to use educational games. Based on black-box testing, valid results were obtained for all functional tests on the flood prevention educational game simulation system, especially in Makassar. Then based on the results of a questionnaire to determine the system's benefits obtained from fifty respondents consisting of children, adolescents and adults, the outcomes received 91.3% stated very useful, 5.2% useful, 3.5% quite helpful and 0% useless. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is about modelling causal-relationship factors related to disaster preparedness. A model identifying the relationships between person- and community-level factors and intention to prepare for volcanic risks is tested in communities surrounding the Mt Merapi volcano, Indonesia. The analysis extends the test of a model developed by one of the authors in an individualistic culture, New Zealand, to members of a collectivistic culture. Using the data obtained from communities situated around Mt Merapi ( n = 322), analysis revealed that community-level (collective efficacy and community participation) and variables describing the quality of the relationship between community members and civic agencies played significant roles in predicting intentions to prepare for volcanic hazards. The analysis also revealed that individual-level variables (outcome expectancy) were less influential compared with studies applying the model in individualistic countries. Some policy implications related to the findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]