Search

Randia genus (Indigo berry) belongs to family Rubiaceae, native to America, allocated in tropical regions. Most of the Species associated with this Genus used as ornamental, folk medicine to treat the disease of renal, malaria, cancer, dysentery, snake-bite etc. All plant parts are used by tribes for various ailment treatments. The phytochemicals generally associated with this genus are terpenoids, saponins, lignans, coumarin, iso-coumarin, flavonoids, tannins, essential oil and acid resin. This review highlights the phytochemicals and pharmacological activity reports. Phytochemical investigation of Randia dumetorum fruit extract using petroleum ether solvent, reveals the presence of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, octadecadienoic acid, 23(Phenylsulfanyl) lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol, hexadecenoic acid, gamma-sitosterol, 4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, tetracontane, tetratetracontane and octacosanol etc. Compound 1-Octacosanol (A), 9-Octadecenoic acid (B) and gamma-Sitosterol (C) were isolated with the help of column chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral studies i.e. ¹H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solanum nigrum Linn., is a common edible medicinal herb of the Solanaceae family which is native to Southeast Asia and is now widely distributed in temperate to tropical regions of Europe, Asia, and America. Traditionally, it has been used to treat various cancers, acute nephritis, urethritis, leucorrhea, sore throat, toothache, dermatitis, eczema, carbuncles, and furuncles. Up to now, 188 chemical constituents have been identified from S. nigrum. Among them, steroidal saponins, alkaloids, phenols, and polysaccharides are the major bioactive constituents. Investigations of pharmacological activities of S. nigrum revealed that this edible medicinal herb exhibits a wide range of therapeutic potential, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and neuroprotective activities both in vivo and in vitro. This article presents a comprehensive and systematic overview of the botanical, traditional uses, phytochemical compositions, pharmacological properties, clinical trials, and toxicity of S. nigrum to provide the latest information for further exploitation and applications of S. nigrum in functional foods and medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Annona atemoya also known as the custard apple is a hybrid between two Annonaceae species: Cherimoya (Annona cherimola) and the sugar apple (Annona squamosa). It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical continents including north and south America, Asia, Africa and Australia. Despite becoming an increasingly important commercial fruit plant due to its' creamy succulent flesh, compared to other Annonaceae species relatively few studies have investigated the phytochemistry and bioactivities of A. atemoya. Studies that evaluated A. atemoya extracts and its constituents were searched through the databases Scopus, Pubmed and Embase from inception to June 2020. Constituents of A. atemoya include alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes and acetogenins. The results indicate that the constituents of A. atemoya possess cytotoxic, anti-angiogenic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. However, many of these studies are currently limited in quality and further phytochemical and pharmacological studies are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]