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The recently described role of RNA methylation in regulating immune cell infiltration into tumors has attracted interest, given its potential impact on immunotherapy response. YTHDF1 is a versatile and powerful m6A reader, but the understanding of its impact on immune evasion is limited. Here, we reveal that tumor-intrinsic YTHDF1 drives immune evasion and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance. Additionally, YTHDF1 deficiency converts cold tumors into responsive hot tumors, which improves ICI efficacy. Mechanistically, YTHDF1 deficiency inhibits the translation of lysosomal genes and limits lysosomal proteolysis of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and antigens, ultimately restoring tumor immune surveillance. In addition, we design a system for exosome-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery to target YTHDF1 in vivo, resulting in YTHDF1 depletion and antitumor activity. Our findings elucidate the role of tumor-intrinsic YTHDF1 in driving immune evasion and its underlying mechanism. YTHDF1 is an m6A reader that binds to methylated RNA and facilitates translation. Here the authors show that tumor intrinsic YTHDF1 promotes tumorigenesis by regulating lysosomal proteolysis of MHC-I and that YTHDF1 targeting boosts anti-tumor immunity and response to immunotherapy in preclinical cancer models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dysfunctional work environments are characterized by the presence of psycho-social risks, such as workplace bullying (WB): hostile, systematic, and planned behaviors toward other workers in order to get them to leave the organization they work for. The aims of this study are (1) to analyze the prevalence of WB in a sample of teachers and (2) to determine the relationship between socio-demographic and socio-labor variables in relation to three study groups: teacher victims of WB, violent behaviors, and null or low violence. The sample consists of 3442 teachers working in publicly regulated educational centers located in the province of Valencia (Spain). Estimated frequencies, cross-tabulations, and effect sizes were analyzed using SPSS 24. The following results were obtained: (1) 12.26% were potential WB cases, and (2) potential victims of WB were not influenced by the socio-demographic and socio-labor variables proposed. The results obtained did not make it possible to determine a single profile of a teacher victim of WB. It is recommended that training protocols be developed to help teachers recognize and manage WB more effectively. This will improve their health, well-being, and performance in educational centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing research suggests that victimization risk is higher among urban residents. Violence against women is a notable exception in this trend. While the literature does indicate that rural women are at equal risk for violent victimization, it does not differentiate between types of non-urban spaces (exurbs, suburbs, small towns, dispersed rural). We use a five-category measure of rural-urban location articulated land use to disentangle victim–offender relationship distribution using a female victim sample from the 1996–2005 United States National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). In the most rural areas (dispersed rural locations), women are most likely to be victimized by friends or acquaintances. The proportion of women victimized by strangers in dispersed rural locations is very low. As urbanicity increases, so does the proportion of women victimized by strangers. The findings indicate that victim–offender relationships may be dictated by proximity. In dispersed rural locations, there are comparatively fewer people unknown to the victim than in central city locations. Consequently, proximity dictates that offenders in dispersed rural locations are unlikely to be strangers. The articulated land use measure ensures that the differences between types of rural and suburban locations are identified. Future research should consider the impact of proximity on rural victimization and increased specificity in rural measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has shown that the development of cognitive and social skills in preschool predicts school readiness in kindergarten. However, most longitudinal studies are short-term, tracking children's development only through the early elementary school years. This study aims to investigate the long-term impact of preschool predictors, intelligence, and mothers' education on grade six school performance. This study presents the results of an eight-year-long longitudinal study. The sample includes 202 Hungarian children (89 boys) from a disadvantaged region of southeastern Hungary. The independent variables were the preschool measures: DIFER (Diagnostic System for Assessing Development), a widely used, standardized school readiness test that measures cognitive and social skills; the Raven intelligence test; and socioeconomic status. The dependent variables in grade six were: National Standardized tests in math and reading (NABC, National Assessment of Basic Competencies) and school grades (GPA). Cronbach's alpha reliability of each test is above 0.76. Correlations and a series of multiple regressions were used for analysis. All three independent variables have significant predictive power for school performance in sixth grade. DIFER skills were the best predictors for reading achievement, intelligence for math achievement, and GPA was best predicted by mothers' education. The results show that developing preschool skills, mothers' education and IQ in preschool are essential to long-term learning success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The low sensitivity and false-negative results of nucleic acid testing greatly affect its performance in diagnosing and discharging patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Chest computed tomography (CT)-based evaluation of pneumonia may indicate a need for isolation. Therefore, this radiologic modality plays an important role in managing patients with suspected COVID-19. Meanwhile, deep learning (DL) technology has been successful in detecting various imaging features of chest CT. This study applied a novel DL technique to standardize the discharge criteria of COVID-19 patients with consecutive negative respiratory pathogen nucleic acid test results at a "square cabin" hospital.Patients and Methods: DL was used to evaluate the chest CT scans of 270 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who had two consecutive negative nucleic acid tests (sampling interval >1 day). The CT scans evaluated were obtained after the patients' second negative test result. The standard criterion determined by DL for patient discharge was a total volume ratio of lesion to lung <50%.Results: The mean number of days between hospitalization and DL was 14.3 (± 2.4). The average intersection over union was 0.7894. Two hundred and thirteen (78.9%) patients exhibited pneumonia, of whom 54.0% (115/213) had mild interstitial fibrosis. Twenty-one, 33, and 4 cases exhibited vascular enlargement, pleural thickening, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, respectively. Of the latter, 18.8% (40/213) had a total volume ratio of lesions to lung ≥50% according to our severity scale and were monitored continuously in the hospital. Three cases had a positive follow-up nucleic acid test during hospitalization. None of the 230 discharged cases later tested positive or exhibited pneumonia progression.Conclusion: The novel DL enables the accurate management of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and can help avoid cluster transmission or exacerbation in patients with false-negative acid test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study maps 'locally situated' (Twine and Gallagher 2008), contours of whiteness as cultural practice and institutional discourse by examining how white college faculty, staff, and administrators respond to multiracial educational environments and multicultural ideals. Drawing on in depth interviews with thirty white administrators, faculty, and staff, this study finds that these white educators adhered to an intermittent form of color-blind racism (Bonilla-Silva 2009) that enabled them to hold fast to the fiction that race has no meaning in their lives, yet remains the single-most defining dimension of the lives of people of color. This analysis identifies five contextually-embedded manifestations of everyday racism and microconstructions of white supremacy: 1) Whites subscribe to a view of racism as an individualized phenomenon, 2) Whites take a color-blind position regarding race in their daily lives, 3) Whites claim, 'people of color see race, but I do not,' 4) Whites only see race as relevant when called to articulate diversity discourse, 5) Whites see race primarily as a black/white binary. Article concludes with implications of findings for critical multiculturalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction for the periodical " Humboldt Journal of Social Relations" is presented in which editor discusses articles within the issue including higher education, racism, and faculty relationship.

The author reflects on the racial and ethnic wealth gap and what it means for the Latino community and the national economy. In this article, the author examines several factors, including disparities in education, that contribute to the long-standing inequities facing Latino households. He also outlines key areas where policymakers must invest to create an agenda that reflects the American values of inclusivity and equitable treatment and results in opportunity for all Americans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School culture and violence have garnered much public and scholarly attention in recent years. Research in the area has focused on the extent to which strict enforcement of school policies and the law results in safer schools. Other research focuses on providing more supportive, less enforcement-oriented environments for students. We advance this work by using a sample of 2092 respondents from public schools in the United States from the 2015–2016 school survey on crime and safety from the Department of Education. There were several statistically significant supportive practices that reduced violent incidents and disciplinary actions for violence, and the findings generally suggest that punitive policies were not effective in increasing campus safety while controlling for relevant security practices and school contextual variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) numerical calculation was employed to examine whether the ventilation system of the self-designed smart broiler house meets the requirements of cooling and ventilation for the welfare in poultry breeding. The broiler chamber is powered by two negative pressure fans. The fans are designed with different frequencies for the ventilation system according to the specific air temperature in the broiler chamber. The simulation of ventilation in the empty chamber involved five working conditions in this research. The simulation of ventilation in the broiler chamber and the simulation of the age of air were carried out under three working conditions. According to the measured dimensions of the broiler chamber, a three-dimensional model of the broiler chamber was constructed, and then the model was simplified and meshed in ICEM CFD (integrated computer engineering and manufacturing code for computational fluid dynamics). Two models, i.e., the empty chamber mesh model and the chamber mesh model with block model, were imported in the Fluent software for calculation. In the experiment, 15 measurement points were selected to obtain the simulated and measured values of wind velocity. For the acquired data on wind velocity, the root mean square error (RMSE) was 19.1% and the maximum absolute error was 0.27 m/s, which verified the accuracy of the CFD model in simulating the ventilation system of the broiler chamber. The boundary conditions were further applied to the broiler chamber model to simulate the wind velocity and the age of air. The simulation results show that, when the temperature was between 32 and 34 °C, the average wind velocity on the plane of the corresponding broiler chamber (Y = 0.2 m) was higher than 0.8 m/s, which meets the requirement of comfortable breeding. At the lowest frequency of the fan, the oldest age of air was less than 150 s, which meets the basic requirement for broiler chamber design. An optimization idea is proposed for the age of air analysis under three working conditions to improve the structure of this smart broiler chamber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]