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B Cover: b Optical cross-sectional images of the cold rolled alloy 699XA ( =cold rolling level) and pits after metal dusting exposure: a) without etching, b) with etching to highlight grain boundaries and carburized zones. More detailed information can be found in: I Emma White, Clara Schlereth, Maren Lepple, Heike Hattendorf, Benedikt Nowak, Mathias C. Galetz i , Influence of surface treatment on the metal dusting behavior of Alloy 699 XA, I Materials and Corrosion i B 2023 b , I 74 i , 190. The top layer on all samples is galvanic Ni-plating for cross-sectional preparation [labeled in the b) 2% image] and is especially clear over the pits in the 2, 10 and 50% cold rolled samples. [Extracted from the article]

Several inefficiencies in drug development trial implementation may be improved by moving data collection from the clinic to mobile, allowing for more frequent measurements and therefore increased statistical power while aligning to a patient‐centric approach to trial design. Sensor‐based digital health technologies such as mobile spirometry (mSpirometry) are comparable to clinic spirometry for capturing outcomes, such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1); however, the impact of remote spirometry measurements on the detection of treatment effect has not been investigated. A protocol for a multicenter, single‐arm, open‐label interventional trial of long‐acting beta agonist (LABA) therapy among 60 participants with uncontrolled moderate asthma is described. Participants will complete twice‐daily mSpirometry at home and clinic spirometry during weekly visits, alongside continuous use of a wrist‐worn wearable and regular completion of several diaries capturing asthma symptoms as well as participant‐ and site‐reported satisfaction and ease of use of mSpirometry. The co‐primary objectives of this study are (A) to quantify the treatment effect of LABA therapy among participants with moderate asthma, using both clinical spirometry (FEV1c) and mSpirometry (FEV1m); and (B) to investigate whether FEV1m is as accurate as FEV1c in detecting the treatment effect using a mixed‐effect model for repeated measures. Study results will help inform whether the deployment of mSpirometry and a wrist‐worn wearable for remote data collection are feasible in a multicenter setting among participants with moderate asthma, which may then be generalizable to other populations with respiratory disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dendrobium, one of the largest genera of tropical orchids, is grown commercially on a large scale with an important economic impact in several ASEAN countries. Dendrobium orchids can be grown in a wide range of climates, but flower production is best under tropical conditions. Due to being the most popular orchid for cut flower production, many hybrids of Dendrobium have been produced with colorful and attractive blooms. Cut flowers of Dendrobium are popular worldwide. In addition, many Dendrobium cultivars can be grown as flowering potted plants and for other purposes such as in medicinal applications and for use in decorative products. Postharvest physiology and technology are important in maintaining the quality of both cut flowers and potted plants from production sites to the marketplace. Plants of the Dendrobium genus also contain a wide diversity of bioactive compounds that can be developed into medicinal and cosmetic products. This review describes the botany, cultivation, postharvest physiology, handling and utilization of Dendrobium. Core Ideas: The origin, distribution, and classification of Dendrobium are reviewed together with a description of the morphological characteristics of the genus.Special attention is given to factors associated with pollination and flowering.Detailed descriptions are provided regarding senescence characteristics that follow from pollination or during the postharvest handling of cut‐flowers, including the use of preservatives that extend vase life.Commercial production methods are described.The use of the genus as a food and as a source of pharmaceutical and related products is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal dusting attack is a serious problem in processing industries using carbonaceous gases and high temperatures. Ni‐based alloy 699 XA was recently developed as an alloy for these types of environments with high resistance against metal dusting. In this study, different surface treatments of this chromium‐ and aluminum‐rich alloy are shown to have an important influence on the metal dusting onset behavior. It was found that surface treatments that are traditionally considered to be helpful for fatigue performance, for example, shot peening, and pickling were detrimental to the metal dusting performance of alloy 699 XA. Additionally, the shot peening surface treatment promoted Fe surface contamination, resulting in a negative impact on the metal dusting pitting resistance of the alloy. Deformation accompanied by apparent BCC α‐Cr precipitation in the bulk microstructure, but a comparison with cold‐rolled materials shows that the surface treatment dominates the metal dusting resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corrosion by metal dusting causes problems in various industries that process carbonaceous gases. Recently, the chromium‐ and aluminum‐rich Ni‐based Alloy 699 XA was introduced as a material with high resistance against metal dusting attacks. In this study, the metal dusting degradation of Alloy 699 XA and model alloys was investigated. In the model alloys, the aluminum, chromium, and iron contents were varied to analyze the role of each element systematically. Alloy 602 CA was included as a reference material. It was found that the alloys with the highest chromium and aluminum contents (30 and 2–3 wt%, respectively) showed the highest resistance against metal dusting. Also, the limited addition of iron enhanced the aluminum activity and thereby promoted the formation and maintenance of an aluminum‐rich oxide scale. This effect at low iron levels is contrary to the negative impact of iron at higher levels, which typically leads to an increased metal dusting susceptibility. Exposure tests were performed with two gas mixtures having similar compositions, but different carbon activities. It was found that both gases had a similar aggressiveness regarding metal dusting attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how feminist and indigenous archaeologies can ally to produce decolonizing heritage practice through intersubjective methods. Intersectional feminisms, particularly Native feminisms, suggest that focusing on local gender contexts in indigenous community research can subvert settler colonial systems, under which sexism and racism conspire to oppress Native people. I apply these insights about the decolonizing potential of localized gender research to a community‐centered project at Nunalleq, a Thule‐era site near the Yup'ik village of Quinhagak, Alaska. Here, stakeholder perspectives on gender suggest that framing site interpretations through concepts of family and teaching/learning would align with community values in potentially powerful ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper heeds calls for reflections on how the research field is defined through embodied socio-spatial presence and immediacy. Focusing on classroom "bodytraining" observations that were part of a larger qualitative research project, and on the field notes and reflections of three researchers, we explore the transition from observer-researchers to participant-researchers. That is, we explore how, by researching others, we unexpectedly became researched on as our own bodies became instruments in the research process and were used to elicit knowledge on embodied learning, body-mapping and corporeal trace. As a methodological intervention, conducting research through the body, the positioning of bodies and body-to-body interaction, can tell us much about the often ignored embodied and emotional dimensions of the research field. But, in addition, it can elucidate the power relations between, and the fluidity of, researcher and researched positions in the jolting of secured researcher identity. Here we detail how different researchers performed different embodied and emotional subjectivities in different training research spaces. We explore how ontological anxieties of our own placed bodies, based around constructed notions of femininity, religion and researcher professionalism, shape this immediate body-to-body encounter and the subsequent research process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher education is commonly understood as the gateway to better, higher‐paying jobs. This paper draws on longitudinal survey and interview data to explore how different groups of young people, those who left school at 18 and those graduating from higher education, negotiated pathways into employment or otherwise during the recent economic recessionary climate in England. While a mix of employment and unemployment featured in both groups, with temporary and unstable contracts more common than skilled and secure jobs, our evidence reveals that those with degrees were less likely to be in work at the ages of 22 to 23 than those who left school to enter employment at 18. In some contradistinction to popular discourses on the employability benefits of higher education therefore, entering paid work at 18 was a more effective strategy for being in employment five years later than proceeding into higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aim: To explore the contribution of hospital pharmacists in the collaborative development and implementation of standardised oral care treatment and referral guidelines, and its subsequent impact on the overall quality of oral health practice for older sub‐acute patients. Method: Assessments were conducted of oral health pre‐ and post‐introduction of a multifaceted intervention process, involving the development of guidelines and procedures for oral health assessment and referral by dental, medical, nursing, pharmacy and speech pathology staff. Participants’ oral health was assessed using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) in the pre‐ and post‐intervention phases at baseline and 10–14 days thereafter. Results: Participants (n = 73, mean age 81 years, 66% female) in the pre‐intervention group reported no significant change in total OHAT scores and oral health at days 10–14 of admission. In the post‐intervention phase (n = 73, mean age 82 years, 66% female) the mean total OHAT score decreased significantly from a baseline of 2.81 at admission to 2.29 at days 10–14 reflecting, an 18.5% improvement (p < 0.005). Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of a multidisciplinary team, including a pharmacist, in improving oral health practice for older people in a sub‐acute hospital setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Inclusive research is increasingly common in intellectual disabilities research, but ways in which voice of co-researchers with intellectual disabilities is presented remain underexplored in the literature. Materials and Method The authors conducted a literature review and analysis of peer-reviewed journal articles reporting on inclusive research. The aim was to explore the ways the voices of co-researchers with intellectual disabilities are represented in published peer-reviewed journal articles. Results The findings indicate that there are a wide range of ways in which inclusive research projects are reported in peer-reviewed journals. However, the experiences, views and opinions of co-researchers are often either absent or very selectively reported. Conclusions The article concludes that although inclusive research has proliferated in the 21st century, more attention needs to be paid to the ways in which the voices of co-researchers with intellectual disabilities are heard in formal academic contexts. Guidelines for future practice are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is the world's largest freshwater resource and due to overextraction, levels have declined in many regions causing extensive social and environmental impacts. Groundwater management seeks to balance and mitigate the detrimental impacts of development, with plans commonly used to outline management pathways. Thus, plan efficiency is crucial, but seldom are plans systematically and quantitatively assessed for effectiveness. This study frames groundwater management as a system control problem in order to develop a novel testability assessment rubric to determine if plans meet the requirements of a control loop, and subsequently, whether they can be quantitatively tested. Seven components of a management plan equivalent to basic components of a control loop were determined, and requirements of each component necessary to enable testability were defined. Each component was weighted based upon proposed relative importance, then segmented into rated categories depending on the degree the requirements were met. Component importance varied but, a defined objective or acceptable impact was necessary for plans to be testable. The rubric was developed within the context of the Australian groundwater management industry, and while use of the rubric is not limited to Australia, it was applied to 15 Australian groundwater management plans and approximately 47% were found to be testable. Considering the importance of effective groundwater management, and the central role of plans, our lack of ability to test many plans is concerning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstracts are presented on miscellaneous topics that includes role of occupational therapists working with older people living in squalor, creating a shared waiting list for occupational therapy referrals and developing a program to support children living with a parent with multiple sclerosis.

There is evidence that creative writing forms an important part of the recovery experience of people affected by severe mental illness. In this paper, we consider theoretical models that explain how creative writing might contribute to recovery, and we discuss the potential for creative writing in psychosocial rehabilitation. We argue that the rehabilitation benefits of creative writing might be optimized through focus on process and technique in writing, rather than content, and that consequently, the involvement of professional writers might be important. We describe a pilot workshop that deployed these principles and was well-received by participants. Finally, we make recommendations regarding the role of creative writing in psychosocial rehabilitation for people recovering from severe mental illness and suggest that the development of an evidence base regarding the effectiveness of creative writing is a priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescent girls are often assumed to be extremely vulnerable to media influences; however, this study argues that girls actually negotiate meaning from media texts. Content analysis of teen prom magazines is combined with ethnography to explore how magazine texts operate within their readers’ worlds. This article argues against two commonly accepted dictates. First, I propose that popular magazines for adolescent girls are more complicated than previously acknowledged and do not rely on a singular message of perfection derived from beauty and heterosexual romance. And second, how girls engage with the magazines is more complicated than prior research has argued; girls use “strategic selectivity” (a term proposed to explain how girls make meaning of cultural texts) to negotiate the dominant meanings found in prom magazines and other cultural texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children in the protection and care system are highly vulnerable and need more than protection and physical care. This paper outlines elements of an innovative therapeutic programme, Take Two, which combines trauma and attachment-informed practice with a clinical outcomes focus. An important feature was the embedding of a research and evaluation partnership between the programme and a university. The paper discusses the challenges of implementing a research approach into a highly sensitive ‘messy’ or non-routine environment. The paper portrays the value of a trauma and attachment perspective within a developmental and ecological framework to guide understanding and intervention with these children and their network. A description of the client group is followed by analysis of outcome measures: the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children and the Social Network Map. Findings include the significant reduction of trauma-related symptoms, an increase in the percentage of friends identified and an increase, albeit not significant, in the percentage of people described as very close. The results point to the importance of family in the lives of these children. This study explores this type of research in situ and its value in building knowledge and strengthening practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary1. Many classical models of ungulate foraging are premised on energy maximization, yet limited empirical evidence and untested currency assumptions make the choice of currency a non-trivial issue. The primary constraints on forage intake of ungulates are forage quality and availability. Using a model that incorporates these two constraints, we predicted the optimal biomass of forage patches for ungulate grazers using an energy maximizing vs. a time minimizing strategy. 2. We tested these predictions on wood bison (Bison bison athabascae Rhoads) grazing naturally occurring sedge (Carex atherodes Spreng). The digestive constraint was determined by a series of ad libitum feeding trials using sedge at different stages of growth. Sedge digestibility declined with biomass. Ad libitum intake of sedge by bison declined with sedge digestibility and thus decreased with sedge biomass. On the other hand, short-term sedge intake rates of wood bison increased with biomass. 3. Incorporation of these constraints resulted in the prediction that daily energy gain of bison should be maximized by grazing patches with a biomass of 10 g m-2, whereas a bison could minimize daily foraging time needed to fulfil its energy requirement by cropping patches with a biomass of 279 g m-2. 4. To test these quantitative predictions, we used a staggered mowing regime to convert even-aged stands of sedge to a mosaic of patches varying in quality and quantity. Observations of bison grazing these mosaics indicated that patches of biomass below 120 g m-2 were avoided, while patches of biomass 156 and 219 g m-2 were highly preferred, with the greatest preference for the latter. 5. These results indicate that bison were behaving as time minimizers rather than energy maximizers. Daily cropping times of free-ranging bison from the literature corroborate our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe the short and longer-term psychological consequences of waiting for the results of mutation searching (MS) amongst those at risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Design: A prospective study, with measures before the offer of a mutation search, and 1 week, 6 months and 12 months afterwards. Sample: 21 unaffected women at risk of HBOC offered MS in an affected relative at one of two UK regional genetics centres. Outcome measures: Standardized questionnaire measures of general anxiety, general distress, distress about cancer in the family and cancer-specific worries. Results: Mutation searches were initiated in 15 of 21 families; two received results within 12 months. For the 13 still waiting for results, levels of anxiety and distress were within normal ranges at all time-points. They reported reduced worries about cancer 6 and 12 months post-search offer compared with earlier assessments, but experienced an increase in general anxiety 12 months since the search offer. These changes over time were not found in those not waiting for the results of a mutation search. Conclusion: The majority of women were without a result 12 months after being offered MS. Whilst these women were less worried about cancer in the 6 months after initiating the testing process, their anxiety levels increased 12 months since the offer of a mutation search. Seeing a specialist seems to reduce cancer worries. There may, however, be long-term psychological costs of offering tests that are unlikely to give results in a foreseeable future. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract1. Little is known about the interplay between tissue complexity and tissue selection and its effect on the ungulate functional response. Effects of sward height and of bison tissue selectivity on the functional response of bison Bison bison athabascae Rhoads were examined. 2. The height of stem present in a sward was varied. Grazing depth of bison was negatively related to height of stem, and this relationship was more pronounced in tall swards. Bison preferred leaf to stem tissue at all sward heights, though preference of leaf was positively related to sward height. 3. While controlling for selectivity, a factorial design was used effectively to uncouple sward height from sward biomass. Intake rates and bite sizes obtained on simple swards were used to quantify functional responses. Without tissue selection, sward height had no effect on the functional response. Sward biomass explained 90% of the variation in intake rates. 4. Rates of bison food intake on complex swards with both stem and leaf tissue were significantly depressed at low sward biomass, relative to those obtained on simpler leaf-only swards. Thus, sward tissue composition is a crucial covariate for characterizing intake rates of grazing ungulates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]