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Studies of the southern United States have "the potential to renovate geographic knowledge by centering a Black sense of place in research examining race and region" (Bledsoe et. al 7). Appalachia, a region which both overlaps with portions of the South and maintains a separate regional identity, likewise holds this potential to renovate geographic knowledge. A Black sense of place can be centered through examining how narratives that connect food, land, and collective struggle (White xviii) help to "recover, tell, and honor" the stories of Black rural residents (3). In particular, oral history has the power to disrupt dominant narratives (see Johnson; see D. Scott), address regional knowledge gaps through collective memories (see Grim; Brown, Gone), and seek to understand the lives and experiences of Black rural people and Black rural spaces (see Grim; see Johnson; see D. Scott). In this paper, the author examines twelve oral histories he conducted with Black farmers in central and eastern Kentucky and analyzes how these narratives fit within broader understandings and theorizations of community, identity, agriculture, race, and Appalachia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article delves into the profound connection between Black life in Alabama, the temporal qualities of Southern geographies, and emerging formulations of time from the interdisciplinary field of Black Time Studies. The paper positions RaMell Ross' 2019 experimental documentary, Hale County This Morning, This Evening , within an emerging field that examines radical representations of time in experimental Black art, aesthetics, and everyday life. Black Time Studies underscores the critical role of time in the ordering of Black life and labor, acknowledges modes of resistance, and envisions forms of liberation within the unique temporal landscape of the South, inviting this discussion of abstraction, framing practices, waiting, and patience. Hale County This Morning, This Evening explores and enacts an intricate interplay between time, place, and Black aesthetics, offering a generative contribution to theories of time in the South. Situating the film within this particular interdisciplinary discourse enables us in turn to draw from the methods, traditions, and analytical tools of poetry, experimental prose, sound, and music—fundamental elements of Black Time Studies, to create an expanded reading of the film. It is through this lens that we will ponder the film's central question: "What is the orbit of our dreaming?" [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Southern community-based organizations often lack adequate resources to implement high-quality, culturally appropriate HIV programs and services. Shared learning communities (SLCs) combine in-depth training, tailored coaching, and peer-to-peer learning to strengthen HIV programs and services. This paper describes five SLCs, participant characteristics, and their capacity-building components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The current study examines the influence of seven categories of social determinants of health (i.e. financial resource strain, food insecurity, transportation needs, housing instability, education and health literacy, social isolation, and interpersonal safety), as well as perceived race-related discrimination and disparities in received health care quality on self-rated health and mental health. Methods. Multiple linear regression was used to test whether social determinants of health and race-related stressors were associated with self-reported health status and self-reported mental health status in a sample of rural African Americans residing in the Southeastern United States. Results. The results suggest that food insecurity was significantly associated with lower levels of self-rated health and mental health. In contrast, greater health literacy was significantly associated with higher levels of self-rated health and mental health. Surprisingly, greater transportation needs were also associated with higher levels of self-rated mental health status. Among the race-related stressors, racial discrimination was associated with lower levels of self-rated health status. Conclusions. Community-based interventions that seek to alter social determinants of health and reduce experiences with racial discrimination may improve self-rated health and mental health among rural African Americans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We used the Southern Community Cohort Study of people residing in 12 states in the southeastern United States (n=38,200 participants) to examine associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and chronic disease risk. After adjustment for confounding, there were statistically significant positive associations for people reporting four or more ACEs relative to those reporting no ACEs, and this was true for all chronic diseases except hypertension. The most elevated risk was seen for depression when measured as a yes/no variable (odds ratio (OR) 2.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.64–3.06) or when using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Student Depression (CESD) scale (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.75–2.02). There were also statistically significant monotonic increases in risk with worsening ACE score for all chronic diseases except hypertension, cancer, and high cholesterol. The need to establish programs that build resilience during childhood is paramount for preventing chronic diseases that may result from childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To explore participants' perceptions of cultural competence and cultural humility in mobile health clinic (MHC) service delivery, using the Cultural Competence Model (CCM) as an organizing framework. Methods. We conducted five focus groups with an ethnically diverse group of English-and Spanish-speaking men and women, ages 20–67, residing in five underserved neighborhoods in a Southeastern U.S. city. Data analysis followed a thematic approach and iterative qualitative content analysis. Results. Participants expressed a desire for well-trained and caring staff who practice cultural humility. Conclusions. By applying the CCM's five-pronged constellation of cultural abilities, health care personnel could ultimately be more responsive to ethnically diverse clients. There is a need to reinforce compliance with Culturally Linguistic and Appropriate Service (CLAS) standards and to develop programs to increase providers' cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills that ultimately could reduce non-emergent emergency room visits and their associated costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism is presented on essays by the 20th century African American author Ralph Ellison, including "Harlem Is Nowhere," "An Extravagance of Laughter” and “New York, 1936.” Particular focus is given to the geography within Ellison's depiction of the 20th century African American migration known as the Great Migration from the Southern States to the Northern States, including to New York City, New York. Ellison's perspective on African American laughter is discussed.

Objectives. Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) can affect health in adulthood. We investigate the relationship between childhood experiences and adult cancer risk and screening behaviors in a racially diverse, low income population. Methods. Nearly 22,000 adults 40 years and older in the Southern Community Cohort Study were administered the ACE questionnaire. We estimated odds ratios (OR) for the prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI and five cancer screening methods in relation to the ACE score. Results. Over half reported at least one ACE, with percentages higher for women (61%) than men (53%). Higher ACE scores were related to increased prevalence of smoking (ORs 1.25 (1.05- 1.50) to 2.33 (1.96- 2.77). Little association was seen between rising ACE score and alcohol consumption or BMI, except for a modest trend in morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/ m2 ). Mammography and cervical cancer screening decreased with rising ACE scores, but no trends were seen with prostate or colorectal cancer screening. Conclusions. Adverse childhood experiences are strong predictors of adult cancer risk behaviors, particularly increased likelihood of smoking, and among women, lower mammography and Pap screening rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the lynching of African Americans in the South at the end of the 19th century, focusing on civil rights activist Ida B. Wells and the relationship between normative law and Lynch Law. Other topics include how racist cultural norms contribute to the rise in Lynch Law, Wells's efforts to characterize lynching as illegal, and how Lynch Law fit into the power struggle between local, state, and federal government.

The article discusses the concept of white trash people in the Southern states, focusing on how the definition of a person considered white trash changed between the 1930s and 1960s. Other topics include a discussion of racial innocence in the South since the late 19th century, the social conditions of poor whites and white trash, and the view of white trash as a remnant of the racist and violent past of the Southern states.

A literary criticism is presented of the 1901 American fictional book "The Marrow of Tradition," by Charles W. Chesnutt. The book's depiction of courtship rivalry, or competition, within the middle class of the U.S. Southern States during the late 19th century is discussed. An overview of the portrayal of race relations within the book, including in regard to the impact of a race riot on the characters, is provided.

The essay considers the writings of historians Eugene Genovese and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese including their books "Slavery in White and Black: Class and Race in the Southern Slaveholders’ New World Order" and "Fatal Self-Deception: Slaveholding Paternalism in the Old South," as well as "Roll, Jordan, Roll" by Genovese. Topics considered include the economic and social conditions of the Southern States in the Antebellum period, responses of Southern slaveholders to criticisms forwarded by abolitionists, and scientific and religious philosophies supporting slavery.

The article discusses the practice of barring out, in which schoolchildren barricaded the school against the entry of their teacher until he granted them treats or holidays, among yeoman farming communities in the antebellum southern U.S. According to the author, the practice allowed schoolchildren to imitate the political activities of their dissenting parents. Details on the origins of the practice in Great Britain and its history in the U.S. are presented. Topics discussed include political theater, honor, and social class.

The article looks at the transregional mobility of Jews from Macon, Georgia, following the U.S. Civil War. According to the author, Jewish families moved freely between the Northern and Southern U.S. during this period, indicating that regional identity was not a barrier to migration. It is suggested that Jews' mobility was often aided by the process of chain migration and driven by the same motives which caused their families to immigrate to the U.S. Other topics include antisemitism, the economic aspects of mobility, and the mobility of gentile families.

The article looks at U.S. politician Judah P. Benjamin's attitude towards secession. According to the author, Benjamin embraced the political logic behind secession relatively early in his career and showed no ambivalence in his support of the idea. Particular focus is given to evidence drawn from his political speeches. Details on Benjamin's career as a U.S. Senator and as a statesman in the Confederate States of America are presented. Other topics include slavery, the U.S. Constitution, and the Democratic party.

Much of what scholars know about race and medicine in the late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century South relates to the racial beliefs of white physicians and the segregated and exploitative treatment of black patients in hospitals and public health programs. This article shifts scholarly attention to the ways African American patients and their families took part in medical practice in commonplace settings of the home and office. The author examines how African Americans called upon local physicians in the rural and small-town South, how white physicians responded, and how they interacted in cases of serious illness, injury, and surgery. The claims of black southerners to physicians' treatments, in combination with small-town physicians' continuing reliance on interpersonal practices of medical care, made for an erratic but potentially distinctive cross-racial encounter--one involving a greater degree of negotiated authority and personal care than what generally has been recognized for this time and place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview is presented with author Olympia Vernon, who switched from studying Criminal Justice to studying Creative Writing at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. She discusses the spiritual idea of words and writing, her belief in God, and her literature professor Dr. William Dowie. She discusses her novel "Eden," her relationship with her mother, and her childhood in Progress, Mississippi where she was very poor. She discusses the writing of her novel "Queer."

The article presents the author's views on teaching southern history at Yale University, including examining the work of Yale professors Ulrich Bonnell Phillips and Comer Vann Woodward. It mentions several books by the scholars, including "Plantation and Frontier," "American Negro Slavery," and "Life and Labor in the Old South," by U.B. Phillips. Books mentioned by Woodward include "Tom Watson: Agrarian Rebel," "Origins of the New South," and "The Strange Career of Jim Crow."

This article argues that black and white southern women's writing registers very differently the ghosts of lost promise and possibility. White southerners' confrontations with the ghosts of racialized awareness produced by the return of the oppressed; Black southerners' textual confrontations structured by the return of the dispossessed; Issue on how to write a story everyone knows but nobody hears.

This article attempts to place literary studies into emerging dialogues concerning the Caribbean presence in and impact on culture and history in the Southern states. Proposition that scholars of the Caribbean broaden their definition of Caribbean literature and culture to include southern influences; Call for the continued reassessment of how scholars configure the African diaspora.

In the early 1960s, Ford T. Johnson Jr. was an undergraduate at Virginia Union University, a black college in Richmond, Virginia. So was his sister, Elizabeth. On Saturday, February 20, 1960, they and dozens of classmates headed downtown to participate in sit-ins directed at segregated seating arrangements at the eating venues in the department stores that lined Broad Street. What motivated the Johnsons and the other black students who participated in the sit-in that Saturday was a commitment to bring segregation to an end—beginning with the integration of downtown Richmond's lunch counters. Whether the racial discrimination imposed in those stores reflected the express mandates of state laws and city ordinances or the private decisions of various enterprises did not matter to the demonstrators. Even if integrated service had been within the law, management at lunch counters and other establishments, relying on trespass laws, would still have called upon public authorities to eject demonstrators seeking desegregation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on creative revisionism in Southern literature as influenced by William Faulkner and William Styron. Southern literature as the literature most haunted by its past achievements; Consideration of Styron as Faulkner's heir-apparent with the publication of `Lie Down in Darkness'; Comparison between `Lie Down in Darkness' and Faulkner's `The Sound and the Fury.'

Examines the availability, accessibility, and the use of mental health services in the rural south of the United States and the applicability of the de facto model to rural areas. Emphasis on the critical need for data necessary to inform changes in health care; Prevalence of mental disorders in rural populations.

Integration of behavioral health into pediatric primary care clinics is a recommended practice with potential to address the mental health needs of underserved children. We describe our process of integrating a behavioral health team into our hospital-based pediatric practice that serves a low-income, ethnically diverse, and underserved population of children and youth in the southeastern U.S. We provide a summary of our four-year program evaluation of feasibility and acceptability of embedding a behavioral health team in our practice. We also discuss the challenges faced, including staff turnover and difficulty with billing for sustainability. Finally, we provide recommendations for pediatric clinics that seek to integrate behavioral health care into their practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]