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Recycled Paper Hub is a business unit mainly focus in processing recycled paper sorted from local collector who also act as supplier such as waste paper collected from traditional market, ex-packaging collected from home industry and household waste, etc. Recycled Paper Hub primary goal is to participate in the sustainable business by contributing to the economy of the surrounding community along with a commitment to maintaining a green environment. In order to achieve this goals, Recycled Paper Hub conduct business development strategy which include financial planning and projection. This study uses quantitative research methotds. Data collection technique used literature studies, interviews, and observations. Strategic planning was carried out until the long-term stage, according to the business strategy and lean business canvas model. Human capital planning was carried out with the stages of goals and objectives, corporate culture and values, organizational structure, human capital planning, and human capital cost projections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review research paper delves into the pivotal domain of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), exploring the strategies employed by businesses to adopt and implement eco-friendly practices. As the global community grapples with the pressing challenges of climate change and environmental degradation, organizations are increasingly recognizing the imperative to integrate sustainability into their supply chain operations. The paper begins by providing a comprehensive overview of the conceptual framework underpinning GSCM, emphasizing its role in fostering environmental stewardship and corporate responsibility. Subsequently, it delves into a meticulous analysis of diverse strategies that enterprises employ to imbue their supply chains with environmentally conscious practices. These strategies encompass procurement of sustainable materials, eco-design, waste reduction, energy efficiency, and the adoption of green technologies. Furthermore, the review elucidates the multifaceted benefits accruing from the adoption of GSCM, ranging from cost savings and enhanced brand reputation to regulatory compliance and risk mitigation. The paper also navigates through the challenges faced by businesses in implementing green strategies, including initial investment costs, stakeholder alignment, and supply chain complexities. The synthesis of findings from various empirical studies and industry reports facilitates the identification of emerging trends and best practices in GSCM. Additionally, the paper offers insights into the role of technology, government policies, and collaboration among supply chain partners in advancing eco-friendly initiatives. This review paper contributes to the burgeoning discourse on sustainable business practices by providing a nuanced understanding of GSCM strategies. It serves as a valuable resource for academics, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to foster eco-friendly supply chain practices in the pursuit of a more sustainable and resilient global economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework emerged as a guidepost for the transition to sustainable development. To achieve this transition, companies are encouraged to integrate these goals into their business strategies, processes and corporate reporting cycle. The purpose of this paper is to review and critique the corporate SDGs reporting literature, develop insights into the state of this research field and identify a future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach: Using a structured literature review (SLR) methodology, the paper reviews 65 empirical papers published in this field to identify how the current research is developing, offers a critique and identifies future research avenues to advance this field. Findings: Corporate SDGs reporting is developing as a research area of great importance. The findings reveal that current SDGs reporting literature lacks theorisation, overly focusses on publicly listed companies and succinctly describes organisations' engagement with the SDGs as superficial. Surprisingly, regions such as North America, the UK and other emerging economies have received less attention from scholars. Further, only a few authors have specialised in this field, and there currently exists low levels of international collaborations among authors as well as practitioners. Research limitations/implications: The paper provides a novel contribution to the emerging field of corporate SDGs reporting. The key theoretical implications from this study's SLR include the need for more interventionist research. Although there is an increasing number of accounting scholars developing research within this field, the prevailing research is concentrated on corporate SDGs engagement, drivers of SDGs reporting and scope of SDGs reporting. Furthermore, the scientific discourse remains largely under-theorised with positivist framings primarily focussed on the "what" questions. Thus, a modification to the current approaches and research methods is necessary to advance this field further. Practical implications: The study provides practitioners with valuable insights into the current state of corporate reporting on the SDGs. To achieve more substantive engagement and reporting, a deeper understanding of the factors that influence corporate behaviour and disclosure practices is necessary. In particular, the study identifies new opportunities for practitioners to enhance the value relevance of corporate SDGs reporting. Originality/value: The paper offers a comprehensive structured review of the empirical papers published on corporate SDGs reporting. It contributes to deepening this nascent research field by identifying five distinct areas where accounting and business scholars may focus to advance the field further and contribute to achieving the SDGs agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides a summary of various research papers covering a wide range of topics. The papers explore subjects such as the properties of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6, new materials for nuclear reactor fuel cladding, natural fiber composites for noise control, regenerative anti-lock braking systems for electric vehicles, vehicle sensing and localization technologies for autonomous driving, UAV communications, linear profile involute gears, digital marketing capabilities in Indonesian firms, factors influencing confidence in STEM practices among preservice teachers, tangible user interfaces for physical therapy in children, intelligent interfaces for personalized recommendations in tourism websites, paper-based glucose sensors for non-invasive glucose monitoring, top-priority industries in Russian regions, scalable processes for producing analytical grade sodium chloride, functionalization of cotton fabric using silver nanoparticles, catalytic cracking of palm fatty acid distillate for biofuel production, and kinetic models for enzymatic biodiesel production. These papers provide valuable insights into various scientific and technological advancements in their respective fields. [Extracted from the article]

In the study of competitive business strategies, hypercompetition has emerged as the result of business innovation, scarce competition, and industries' wars. The study of hypercompetition has attracted significant interest from both economists and managers however, few scholars have studied this topic from a project management approach. The aim of this study is to present an overview of how firms immersed in hypercompetition can adopt a Wartime Project Management approach to gain a competitive advantage. The paper will outline the various principles of Wartime Project Management dynamic. Finally, the paper aims to facilitate a broader understanding of this particular managerial approach that can advance the knowledge on hypercompetition-related projects and give suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the challenges that businesses face in today's uncertain and dynamic organizational environment. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating entrepreneurship into corporate strategies to increase adaptability and create value. The article covers various sources of value creation, such as pricing strategies, innovation, unique selling propositions, market coalitions, and sensing and seizing opportunities. It also discusses the role of business ecosystems and stakeholders in fostering entrepreneurship, the importance of managerial attitudes and characteristics, and the relationship between entrepreneurship and firm performance. The article provides insights from specific papers in the issue, including topics such as modifying entrepreneurial strategies during crises, rural entrepreneurship, unethical attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions, and the relationship between entrepreneurial agility and organizational performance in the IT sector. Overall, the article aims to contribute to the understanding of entrepreneurial and managerial success in vibrant environments. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: Common institutional ownership is a phenomenon that has extended throughout the capital markets in recent years and has a significant impact on business strategy decisions. The study intends to investigate the effect of common institutional ownership on corporate over-financialization and potential functioning mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach: Using panel data from Chinese-listed companies over the period of 2003–2021, the authors conduct regression models which controlled year-, industry- and regional fixed effects to explore the impact of common institutional ownership on corporate over-financialization. Findings: This study concludes that corporate over-financialization may be prevented via common institutional ownership. The mechanism test suggests that common institutional ownership inhibits corporate over-financialization by improving internal control quality and enhancing financial flexibility. Besides, heterogeneity analysis shows that the inhibiting effect of common institutional ownership on corporate over-financialization is more pronounced in stability-oriented institutional investors and high financing constraints firms. Originality/value: This paper makes a valuable contribution to the current studies on effective strategies to prevent enterprises from becoming overly financialized by recognizing common institutional ownership. Furthermore, this paper adds to the research on common institutional ownership's economic consequences. Finally, this study provides management implications for how to optimize corporate governance structures, curb the financialization of entities in practice and promote the development of the real economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This is a response to "Taming wicked problems", a paper recently published in CPOIB in which modern slavery is framed as a wicked problem. The purpose of this study is to convey the author's appraisal of its contribution to policymaking regarding modern slavery in global supply chains. Design/methodology/approach: The author engages in a discursive review of "Taming wicked problems", taking inspiration from its perceived strengths and weaknesses to expand on the problem of modern slavery as a challenge to international business (IB) researchers. Findings: "Taming wicked problems" is welcomed as a provocative contribution to modern slavery research in IB, although it is perceived to give too little critical attention to the problem of modern slavery itself. Research limitations/implications: This is, by design, a subjective assessment of the treatment of modern slavery and policy from the perspective of an IB researcher who has previously studied the phenomenon without a wicked problem framing. Practical implications: Modern slavery is a serious problem for IB scholars, as they have failed to extrapolate it from their analysis of international business strategy. This paper is intended to advance the disciplinary defence of vulnerable workers exploited to the ultimate benefit of MNEs. Social implications: IB must engage critically with international business strategies that heighten the risk of human rights violations. The persistence of modern slavery disadvantages all persons in employment. Originality/value: This paper seeks to better define the offense implicit in modern slavery so to inform critical IB research into its causes and deterrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to address in-depth the state of the art of current literature relating to digital supply chain management. A set of 100 papers deduced from the most relevant scientific databases from 2005 to 2020 has been analyzed and synthesised. The analysis and evaluation of these papers have enabled identifying the difference between traditional and digital supply chains, the emerging technologies' impact on supply chain performance, and the current state of digital supply chain management using the SWOT matrix. Besides, it provides a holonic roadmap framework for future study. This work's originality lies in the holonic architecture considering the digital supply chain's hierarchy multiscale and multilevel (business strategies). This holonic architecture supports supply chain performance under the industry 4.0 ecosystem by considering strategic, tactical, and operational strategies. Therefore, the developed framework helps to enable the necessary transition towards the achievement of digital supply chain performance based on the holonic architecture. The proposed study is beneficial for both practitioners and academics as it describes the critical aspects of the supply chain transformation and represents a solid background that outlines the necessity of incorporating a strategical viewpoint for digital supply chains adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Business strategy issues increasingly concern value realized from supply resources. However, how supply resources are valorized by managerial factions in a strategic issue setting is not sufficiently explored. In organizations operating in complex business contexts, several strategic agendas and supply value perceptions typically coexist. This study aims to explore the process of developing corporate attention towards supply-related strategic issues and how it links to sourcing strategy. Design/methodology/approach: An explorative longitudinal case study within the food industry is conducted. Data are collected in a four year period. Working physically from the case company made it possible to be close to the company's actors. The first author participated in 26 formal team meetings ranging from 1.5 h to 3 days long, conducted 28 interviews across managerial levels and functions and participated in informal verbal and written communications. Findings: This study explores strategizing efforts of organizations and scrutinize consequences of strategic ambiguity for sourcing strategy and supply resources. Furthermore, this study outlines implications for management and theory development. Research limitations/implications: Since this paper is based on an in-depth single case study, its findings are not empirically generalizable. Practical implications: This paper suggests that managers should pay stronger attention to constituents' valuation of supply resources, and how they fit with the different strategic agendas within the firm. By doing so, a more comprehensive supply resource mobilization is possible. Originality/value: Business strategy research increasingly focuses on the value of supply resources for a buying firm's business strategy (Kotabe and Murray 2018; Lee and Rammohan 2017; Schiele, Calvi, and Gibbert 2012). In a context where the value obtained from sourcing is gaining increased importance, more organizations link supply policies with corporate strategic goals (Andersen, Ellegaard, and Kragh 2016; Hesping and Schiele 2015; Pardo et al., 2011). However, existing supply chain research does not incorporate an organization's strategizing efforts, when considering supply resource valuation, and how this can be a source of ambiguity to sourcing strategy. The is the paper's contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of four demographic variables and four perceptual drivers identified through a review of the existing literature on adopting subscription-based e-commerce models. Seven hypotheses were tested on a convenience sample of 202 respondents from Croatia. Significant differences in subscription model acceptance were observed across age groups, while education level, employment status, and disposable income showed no significant relation to subscription model adoption in Croatia, although studies in other countries have indicated otherwise. This study also examined four factors (perceived trust, risk, usefulness, and ease of use) described with 21 critical success dimensions. The results showed positive relationships with perceived trust, usefulness, and ease of use and a negative relationship with perceived risk. Enhancing trust, usefulness, and ease of use while reducing perceived risks can boost subscription-based e-commerce adoption. Significant differences in perceived trust, risk, and usefulness were found between users of multiple products/services and non-users but not in perceived ease of use. These findings provide valuable insights for future scientific research on subscription-based models, given their growing popularity in e-commerce and the limited existing research. Additionally, this paper offers practical implications for businesses by enhancing their understanding of customers and the Croatian e-commerce market and by proposing innovative strategies and promotional approaches based on the research outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a detailed exploration of the Afrocentric epistemological perspective of sociocultural constructs that drive the influence of informal structures on corporate strategy and employees. The research focuses on the African context, which has a dearth of studies despite ample research exploring informal structures in Western and Asian socio-ecological contexts. To achieve this, the study employed a systematic literature review through the aid of NVivo 14 and ChatGPT, a language generation model. NVivo 14 provided the study with a tool to manage and analyze the data, and ChatGPT offered a dialogical string that created a clear path for critical analysis. The paper adopted a systematic literature review approach to investigate the origin of the concept of informal structures and their impact on corporate strategy in an Afrocentric context. The findings indicate that informal structures can have a positive influence by facilitating the flow of information, flexibility, and fulfilling social needs and shared values. However, the negative influence of informal structures, including resistance to corporate strategy, social fragmentation, conflict, and political discord, outweighs the positive influence. The study also reveals that there is limited research on the social-ecological context of Africa and its impact on corporate strategy. The paper addresses a contextual gap in the body of knowledge through its contribution that focuses specifically on the Afrocentric context. The research also sheds light on the need for more studies on the social-ecological context of Africa to gain a better understanding of its impact on corporate strategy. Overall, the paper provides a comprehensive and detailed exploration of the Afrocentric perspective of informal structures and their impact on corporate strategy and employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of integrated transport and logistics systems for sustainable global trade. It highlights recent disruptions to global supply chains caused by events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and trade wars, which have led to the need for supply chain reconfiguration and increased resilience. The article also emphasizes the role of decarbonization and digitalization in shaping the functions and roles of international transportation and logistics. It presents three research papers that explore various challenges and opportunities in transport and logistics integration, including inland terminal location selection, international logistics policies, and the optimization of air-rail freight transportation. The article concludes by suggesting future research directions, including the incorporation of decarbonization indicators and the use of IoT and big data for real-time modeling of greenhouse gas emissions. [Extracted from the article]

This paper explores predicting early signals of business failure using modern models for bankruptcy prediction. It reviews how continuous operations enhance market value, strengthening competitiveness and reputation among stakeholders. The study involves medium and large companies in the Montenegrin market from 2015 to 2020, comprising 30 bankrupt and 70 financially stable firms. Logistic regression is also employed to create a logit model for early detection of bankruptcy signals in companies. This research establishes the empirical validity of modern models in predicting business failure in the Montenegrin market, particularly through logistic regression. Significant indicators, such as the Degree of Indebtedness (DI) and turnover ratio of business assets (TR), exhibit strong predictive power with a p-value less than 0.001 according to Likelihood ratio tests. The paper underscores the potential benefits of bankruptcy prediction for both internal and external stakeholders, especially investors, in enhancing the competitiveness of Montenegro's large and medium-sized companies. Notably, the research contributes by bridging the gap between theory and practice in Montenegro, as bankruptcy prediction models have not been extensively applied in the market. The authors suggest the possible applicability of the created logit model to neighboring countries with similar economic development levels. In that sense, the concept of predicting bankruptcy is positioned as integral to corporate strategy, impacting the overall reduction of bankruptcies. The paper concludes by highlighting its role as a foundation for future research, addressing the literature gap in the application of bankruptcy prediction models in Montenegro. The created logit model, tailored to the specific needs of Montenegrin companies, is presented as an original contribution, emphasizing its potential to strengthen the competitiveness of companies in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small Micro, Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) are the most strategic mechanisms rural municipalities in South Africa advocate for to generate employment and increase household income. The Citizen Empowerment Theory was utilised to understand how Local Economic Development (LED) can be reengineered by SMMEs post-COVID-19 in South African rural municipalities. To arrive at a meaningful conclusion, the paper adopted a document analysis which draws from pre-COVID-19 narratives on SMMEs and examines government documents and peer-reviewed articles that inform SMME development post-COVID-19 in South Africa. Revelations emanating from the document analysis indicate the severe damage COVID-19 did to both formal and informal SMMEs. To grow and reposition themselves in the dynamic entrepreneurship landscape post-COVID-19, SMMEs in South Africa require strategic business approaches that enable them to draw funding from external sources instead of relying on government funding which in most cases has red tape and other bureaucratic complexities tied to it. Further analysis of documents indicates the need for rural SMMEs to embrace digital entrepreneurship where product marketing is done online including most of the business transactions. By doing this, evidence from the document review affirms that SMMEs become competitive by tapping into external markets in the process linking themselves to stakeholders who may have an impact on the growth and sustainability of SMMEs towards employment regeneration and improved LED in rural municipalities. To have an integrative LED that promotes citizen participation post-COVID-19, the paper recommends rural municipalities foster close ties with local SMMEs which is critical for enhancing their networking strategies while SMMEs diversify their portfolios to generate income as well as withstanding shocks that may be triggered by unpredictable external environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper shows how convex incentives in vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers can induce sales behavior with costs to consumers. We examine this problem in the automotive sector, where manufacturers commonly motivate new vehicle sales through dealer incentive programs with large discrete bonuses determined by monthly sales targets. Using subprime car loans from over 3,500 dealerships, we document high default rates on new car loans originated at the end of the month—the period when dealerships attempt to secure target-based bonuses by intensifying efforts to sell new cars. We provide evidence consistent with the observed higher default rates resulting from customers purchasing new vehicles at month end. New car purchases stretch borrower budgets and expose borrowers to rapid depreciation, which consigns the borrower with negative equity through much of the loan term. Our results imply that the quartile of customers with the highest payment-to-income ratio see default rates increase from 13.6% to 19.7% on the last day of the month. Although consumers bear high costs from increased defaults, we find no evidence that lenders that purchase the loans are hurt by the default increase. Our results demonstrate how the behaviors induced by convex incentive schemes for sales are borne by customers. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, business strategy. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4935. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations that embrace innovative business strategies position themselves well for success. In this evolving technological landscape, businesses are increasingly focused on understanding consumer behaviors and preferences to tailor their products and services effectively. Notably, integrating neuroscience has become pivotal in achieving these goals, requiring its incorporation throughout various business processes. This comprehensive research review conducts a meta-analysis, synthesizing findings from numerous studies on applying neuroscience across diverse business domains. The primary objective is to identify innovative neuroscience approaches that can significantly revolutionize businesses. Through a meticulous literature exploration using PRISMA analysis, we discerned broad themes and further refined them into critical sub-themes. This thematic categorization enables a focused examination of each area of business research. The findings in this study uncovered vital intersections between neuroscience and business, offering valuable insights for corporations and researchers. In essence, the integration of neuroscientific techniques and artificial intelligence (AI)-based softwares into business practices is no longer optional, but a necessity for businesses to stay competitive in today's fast-paced world. This study, therefore, plays a crucial role in connecting the state-of-the-art tools and techniques in neuroscience and traditional business practices. It paves the way for a new era of business operations, where science and technology work hand in hand with commerce to create a more prosperous and sustainable future. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of incorporating neuroscience techniques and newly developed AI-based softwares into business practices. This integration can yield precise and favorable outcomes, offering businesses the tools to thrive in an ever-changing market environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blast furnace ironmaking plays an important role in modern industry and the development of the economy. A reasonable ingredient scheme is crucial for energy efficiency and emission reduction in blast furnace production. Determining the right blast furnace ingredients is a complicated process; therefore, this study examines the optimization of the ingredient ratio. In this paper a model of the blast furnace ingredients is established by considering cost of per ton iron, CO2 emissions, and the theoretical coke ratio as the objective functions; ingredient parameters, process parameters, main and by-product parameters as variables; and the blast furnace smelting theory and equilibrium equation as constraints. Then, the model is solved by using an improved grey wolf optimization algorithm and an improved multi-objective grey wolf optimization algorithm. Using the data collected from the steel mill, the conclusion is that multi-objective optimization can consider the indexes of each target, so that the values of all the targets are excellent; we also compared the multi-objective solution results with the original production scheme of the steel mill, and we found that using the blast furnace ingredient scheme optimized in this study can reduce the cost of iron per ton, CO2 emissions per ton, and the theoretical coke ratio in blast furnace production by 350 CNY/t, 1000 kg/t, and 20 kg/t, respectively, compared with the original production plan. Thus, steel mill decision makers can choose the blast furnace ingredients according to different business strategies and the actual needs of steel mills can be better met. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The corporate strategic planning of businesses in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) largely focuses on immediate financial performance with minimal credence to social sustainability. Thus, studies on the linkage between corporate governance (CG) and sustainability reporting have focused on developed economies. This study therefore investigated the role of institutional ownership in the impact of board committee characteristics on social sustainability reporting. This study involved strongly balanced panel data with 1969 observations of 275 publicly listed non-financial firms in SSA within the timeframe of 2012 to 2021. Data were analyzed using STATA 14.1. The hypotheses were tested using the two-step system of the generalized method of moment (GMM) using the Arellano–Bond dynamic panel data estimation method. The rate of social sustainability reporting was 39.4%. Relatively, Mauritian and South African firms had the most effective board committee characteristics and higher levels of social sustainability reporting. Although institutional ownership had no significant effect on social sustainability reporting, it moderated the effect of sustainability committee independence and sustainability committee gender diversity on social sustainability reporting. This paper presents a new perspective on the corporate governance and social sustainability literature by examining the effect of institutional ownership on board committee characteristics and social sustainability reporting in SSA. In terms of policy implication, there is the need for mandatory regulatory and legal CG framework that is regularly updated at national and regional levels in SSA to motivate listed firms to establish sustainability committees with efficient characteristics to promote social sustainability reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the expansion of services provided by construction project supplier organizations to enhance customer value. It focuses on the case study of Civil & Civic and its CEO, G.J. Dusseldorp, who implemented expanded services from the 1950s to the 1980s. The article emphasizes the importance of finding and satisfying customers, and discusses various project-related services offered by supplier organizations and their value to both customers and suppliers. It also examines the challenges of the tendering system in the construction industry and how Civil & Civic addressed them. The article suggests that adopting a broader range of project-related services can add value and improve outcomes for both clients and supplier organizations. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to show how critical moments in recent world history – the Covid-19 pandemic, the fourth industrial revolution, and migration crises – have affected employment in social enterprises and, more broadly, in the third sector. Design/methodology/approach: Analyses of international reports of global agencies, analysis of international studies on labour markets, analyses of situation of social enterprises from Poland in the perspective of historical institutionalism. Findings: Precariousness in the labour market will be one of the most critical challenges of modern times. Informal jobs will grow at the same rate as formal employment as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Although recent estimates suggest a return to informal employment for both women and men, the most severe effects of the pandemic will play out along pre-existing lines of inequality and marginality, causing the most severe consequences for those who were already most vulnerable to them. Social implications: In the biggest risk of job insecurity are the social groups of less developed economies, where the economic downturn resulting from the pandemic is forcing a shift in corporate strategies toward cost-cutting and the search for labor savings. The global challenges of today's world mean that further research on the impact of exogenous shocks on job insecurity should be conducted. Originality/value: Analysis of modern exogenous shocks in perspective of historical institutionalism (important for scientific theory with applied aspects for social and economic practice). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we tackle the lack of clarity in the conceptualization and substantive use of time in business sustainability research. We do so by means of an integrative review that synthesizes 172 papers published over the last 20 years across seven subject areas within business and management research. From our review, we developed a typology that highlights three primary categories that differentiate various conceptualizations and uses of time in business sustainability literature: (a) temporal resourcing, (b) temporal structuring, and (c) temporal prospecting for sustainability. The typology organizes a body of literature that remains scattered, provides conceptual clarity, and opens avenues for future empirical research and theorization in the space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study examines the mediating role of accounting information quality (AQ), a proxy for firms' information risk, in firms' business strategy and the cost of equity (COE) nexus to highlight how AQ provides a mechanism through which a company's business strategy affects its COE. Design/methodology/approach: The research study utilises data from 12,100 firm-year observations of United States (US) non-financial firms from 2001 to 2017, drawn from multiple databases, and employs the bootstrapping method of mediation analysis to test the indirect effect of AQ on the business strategy–COE relationship. The authors rely on Miles and Snow's two pure business strategy typologies, prospectors and defenders and use innate accrual quality and implied COE models to measure AQ and COE, respectively. Findings: The results suggest that AQ partially mediates the relationship between business strategy and COE. The authors document that while innovative-oriented prospector firms have a lower AQ and a higher implied COE, efficiency-oriented defenders are associated with a higher AQ and lower COE. The higher (lower) COE of prospector (defender) firms is observed to be partly due to their lower (higher) AQ. The results indicate that while the idiosyncratic risk implied in firms' strategic orientation can directly influence their COE, the business strategy implications on firms' COE can be indirect through their AQ, a source of information risk. Research limitations/implications: Due to data limitation, it was not possible to measure all possible methods of measuring implied COE. Practical implications: The paper highlights the role of firm's business strategy in pricing decisions by investors. Originality/value: The paper contributes to the existing literature by providing evidence that AQ, a proxy for information risk, is a mechanism through which business strategy affects firms' COE. The authors thus complement extant literature to empirically test the information risk effect inherent in strategic orientation on security pricing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 shock resulted in a large number of people becoming newly poor in Bangladesh, for whom recovery was slow and difficult. In response, BRAC implemented a nationwide program – credit, business planning support, and mentoring – targeting the economic recovery of the new poor. This paper estimates its impact using a mixed method and finds that the program had a significant positive effect on employment, income, and assets, indicating a faster economic recovery of program participants. The learnings from this program can have major policy implications for future disaster responses targeting livelihood recovery, specifically during the time-sensitive transitory phase from relief to long-term development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal: This paper aims to identify the dimensions that impact the perception of the quality of Brazilian air services in the eyes of customers, using a questionnaire based on the SERVPERF model adapted for the service studied as a data collection instrument. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research used a quantitative approach, in which 810 questionnaires were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling methodology. Results: The results showed that the relationship between quality perceived by clients and the dimensions of quality Tangibles and Empathy were those confirmed by Structural Equation Modeling in this research. The fact that the study is exploratory, and temporal indicates that in this period, Brazilian consumers attach more importance to the environment and appearance of aircraft, equipment, and employees of the companies and that their needs are met in a personalized way. Limitations of the investigation: Only Tangibles and Empathy dimensions were confirmed. Practical implications: With the feedback of the customer, including the constant need for an accuracy of the assumptions and hypotheses studied in this paper, an airline can identify what the real needs of its customer must be met and, in its strategic planning, identify the possible actions to be implemented, such as the priority of the investments, and, thus, to be able to increase the competitive advantage, offering the clients what they prioritize. Originality/Value: The information brought by this research can support the development of business strategies oriented in aspects related to tangible elements and empathy in the service to add value to the service perceived by the clients, contributing to the development of the activity and the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perpetual attention towards tourism market segmentation remains a significant issue. Scholars and practitioners alike face a formidable task in tackling this issue, given its reflection of the dynamic and varied needs of tourists, influencing their purchasing choices and holiday concepts. To that end, the author endeavors to delineate various approaches to market segmentation within the travel industry focusing on individual movement patterns. The paper aims to explore and elucidate the prevailing trends in European tourist movement geography drawing from an extensive survey of news articles and the author's own observations and discoveries. In addition to delineating the predominant tourism segments of mass tourism and independent travel, this paper contributes further insights by highlighting contemporary market strategies, notably focusing on emerging segments such as LGBTG+ tourism, "Adults only" accommodations, and effective management strategies for online platforms like TripAdvisor and similar entities. The information foundation of thisA study is derived from curated sources including specialized online publications, official websites of Bulgarian and European tourism entities, perspectives from industry stakeholders, press communiqués from hotel chains and tour operators, alongside the author's experiential insights and findings. The research methodology encompasses a range of scientific methods, each serving distinct purposes and offering inherent value. Among the employed methods are observation, synthesis, and analysis, as well as geographical approaches, systematization, reviews of specialized online articles, sociological investigations and others. Following the current tourism trends in Europe moving from west to east, a detailed systematization of various market segments was produced highlighting their advantages and disadvantages as well as a parallel between mass tourism and independent travel. Special attention was paid to the advent of new hospitality models-sharing communities, vacation ownership, serviced apartments, co-living, co-working, the specifics of niche markets-culinary experience, ornithology, railway backpackers, and the use and inclusion of latest trends and strategies-LGBTQ+, artificial intelligence and inclusion of handicapped people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, disasters caused by climate change have brought marked losses to individual economic agents. To cope with fluctuating climate risks, climate policies have witnessed frequent adjustments worldwide, resulting in heightening uncertainty on climate policies that have become an important factor affecting business operations. This paper uses a fixed-effects model to study the role of climate policy uncertainty on the financialization of China's A-share listed enterprises. Our results find that a rise in climate policy uncertainty has a dampening effect on corporate financialization, while energy-intensive enterprises are most affected. Although climate policy uncertainty negatively impacts the size of enterprises' financial assets, the impact varies for different types of financial assets. We recommend that the government should maintain a robust climate policy to prevent frequent policy changes from harming company operations. This paper fills the gap by investigating the relationship between climate policy and corporate financialization. Under the backdrop of a rising climate policy uncertainty, our findings possess important implications for the improvement in enterprises' business strategies and policy effectiveness against global climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to understand how an organization's values, norms and cultural habits influence operational efficiency, employee satisfaction and market competitiveness. Among the main objectives of this study, there is the clarification of the notions of "organizational culture" and "company performance", as well as the identification of their different dimensions. Investigating how different aspects of culture contribute to the financial and operational success of the company is also another objective of this paper. The paper also presents an analysis of Dufry UK's organizational culture, exemplifying how Dufry UK chooses to train its managers, based on the premise that the company's success lies in the manager's ability to organize and lead. In conclusion, the paper will provide a broad perspective on how organizational culture can be an engine of performance within companies, highlighting the importance of cultural management as an essential part of business strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a profit optimization model for substitute products in a competitive, time-sensitive market with scarcity and shifting user preferences. The model maximizes profit, considering production costs and inventory maintenance. It uses a discrete choice model to represent demand, sensitivity to price, availability, and changing preferences. A two-phase PSO-type metaheuristic solution tackles the nonlinear, recursive model, efficiently managing inventories and evolving consumer preferences. The model integrates production decisions, inventories, and sales prices, considering scarcity conditions and user preferences. It uses a multinomial logit for the consumers' demand function with soft exogenous constraints, which influence utility and change consumption preferences and choices. This research offers a tool for companies to manage stock, production, and pricing in a context where goods are substitutes, providing a new perspective on business strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with existing payment systems, Bitcoin's throughput is low. Designed to address Bitcoin's scalability challenge, the Lightning Network (LN) is a protocol allowing two parties to secure bitcoin payments and escrow holdings between them. In a lightning channel, each party commits collateral toward future payments to the counterparty and payments are cryptographically secured updates of collaterals. The network of channels increases transaction speed and reduces blockchain congestion. This paper (i) identifies conditions for two parties to optimally establish a channel, (ii) finds explicit formulas for channel costs, (iii) obtains the optimal collaterals and savings entailed, and (iv) derives the implied reduction in congestion of the blockchain. Unidirectional channels costs grow with the square-root of payment rates, while symmetric bidirectional channels with their cubic root. Asymmetric bidirectional channels are akin to unidirectional when payment rates are significantly different, otherwise to symmetric bidirectional. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy. Funding: Partially supported by SFI (16/IA/4443, 16/SPP/3347), Columbia-IBM Center for Blockchain and Data Transparency, Chaire Fintech at University Paris Dauphine—PSL, Algorand Foundation, and Simons Institute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As climate change (CC)-related adversity has become more evident, physical CC impacts and the need to respond to it are now a prominent topic in the political agenda in multiple countries. Accordingly, businesses have begun to adopt strategies to seeking to respond to CC. Recently, strategy and general management scholars have produced a growing number of articles examining the factors that increase the adoption of CC strategies, and, in a few cases, the environmental and financial performance implications of these strategies. Our review indicates that: (a) business research tends to dismiss CC-related adversity, with much of the research on drivers of responses highlighting a clear anthropocentric bias; (b) many papers discuss either adaptation or mitigation without much examination of synergies and tradeoffs between strategies; and (c) we know little about what and how physical climate conditions affect firms and their ability to achieve and sustain a competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation refers to major changes occurring in all sectors of the economy and society, as a result of the introduction and integration of digital technologies into every segment of human life. The subject of research work is the contribution of the process of digitization and digital transformation to the improvement of the business processes of companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of the sources of competitive advantage of modern companies is digital technology, which, due to the accelerated development of information and communication technologies, is changing the way of functioning and adapting to a more innovative way of doing business. The problem of research work manifests itself through the question of whether the application of digital technology and digitization affects the business operations of companies and the choice of their business strategy, and whether digital transformation can represent the strategic determination of companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina in modern business conditions. The goal of the research is to investigate the meaning, characteristics, and role and functions of digitization and digital transformation in the business of the company. The paper will present a comparative analysis of the digitization process of business in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farmer Producer Organisations provide support to member farmers as these organizations help in reducing marketing costs, getting employment for self and family, post-harvesting help as well as helps in resolving financial issues. This paper studies the benefits accrued and challenges faced by member farmers of Punjab and Haryana FPOs. Members reported an increase in savings after joining FPOs and getting benefits. Besides benefits, Member farmers face some issues regarding infrastructure, professionalism of FPO, business plans and many more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental governance in the mining sector, focusing on the case of CODELCO, a Chilean copper mining company. The study examines the factors that triggered changes in CSR strategies and the types of organizational changes that were introduced. The article argues that CSR strategies in the mining sector are influenced by a combination of national and subnational factors, including tightening environmental regulations, social conflicts, and reputational crises. The paper contributes to the literature on CSR and environmental governance by providing empirical evidence and proposing a three-level institutional framework to analyze the evolution of CSR. [Extracted from the article]

As a response to the damage caused by the spread of COVID-19, the Chinese government has implemented severe quarantine measures that have greatly affected the operational patterns of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This paper explores the critical role of dynamic capabilities (DCs) in helping Chinese SMEs manage crises, adjust their business strategies, and mitigate the uncertainty caused by the epidemic. Although the importance of DCs in promoting organizational resilience is well recognized, academic research on their specific contributions to business model innovation (BMI) and SME performance improvement during crises remains scarce. Our study fills this gap by pioneering the development and empirical testing of a microintegrated mediation model linking DCs, BMI and organizational performance. By surveying 257 Chinese SMEs severely affected by a pandemic, we verify our hypotheses using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Our results strongly show a positive relationship between DCs and BMI and SME performance. In addition, we found that BMI plays a partial mediating role in the interrelationship between DCs and SME performance. Our findings clarify the critical role of BMI as a channel through which SMEs' DCs can be transformed into higher performance in the face of sudden crises. Thus, our results not only contribute to the broader discussion of strategic management and organizational theory but also provide theoretical and practical insights into the mechanisms by which SMEs can increase their flexibility and resilience in a crisis. Thus, our results not only contribute to the broader discussion of strategic management and organizational theory but also provide theoretical and practical insights into the mechanisms by which SMEs can increase their flexibility and resilience in a crisis. Importantly, this study suggests policy and market strategies that can support SMEs in leveraging DCs and BMI for sustained performance, thereby contributing valuable insights for policymakers and business leaders aiming to fortify economic stability and growth in the face of global health emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the real effects of the new lease standard, ASC 842, on firms' investment and operational outcomes. Using a sample of airline companies, we find that, subsequent to the promulgation of ASC 842 (2016–2018), public airlines reduce operating lease usage by about seven to ten percentage points relative to private airlines. The reduced lease usage is replaced by increased ownership, suggesting an equilibrium shift in firms' investment due to changes in the cost-benefit tradeoffs associated with the operating lease classification. We also find evidence that the decline in lease usage hinders public airlines' operational flexibility, as we observe more idle capacity in flights post-ASC 842. Facing excess capacity, public airlines seem to deploy their aircraft to shorter flying routes, raising the possibility of more wear and tear on the fleet. Overall, our evidence suggests that the new lease standard has intended and unintended real effects. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text. JEL Classifications: M41; M48; D22; D24; D25; E22; G38. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a duopoly game model in which two labor-managed firms compete in quantities. The game proceeds as follows. In the first stage, each labor-managed firm independently and simultaneously chooses the corporate social responsibility (CSR) level. In the second stage, each labormanaged firm independently and simultaneously chooses whether or not to offer the wage-rise contract policy (WRCP) as a strategic commitment device. If a labor-managed firm offers WRCP, it decides an output level and a wage premium rate. In addition, the labor-managed firm agrees to pay each employee a wage premium uniformly, provided that it actually produces more than the chosen output. At the end of the game, each labor-managed firm independently and simultaneously chooses an actual output. First, the paper examines the reaction functions of labor-managed firms in the model and shows that the reaction functions of labor-managed firms are upward-sloping. Next, this paper discusses the equilibrium of the model and shows that there is an equilibrium in which each labor-managed firm does not use CSR as a business strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Major companies in the global market have made significant investments in artificial intelligence-assisted technology to increase the value of their products and services, which gives the implementation of artificial intelligence an extremely important role. Starting from these premises, the authors set out to evaluate the transformation level of companies in terms of adopting technology based on artificial intelligence according to their level of digital maturity. For this purpose, qualitative research was used by deploying the inductive method, which allowed five distinct categories of companies with unique characteristics to be identified, generating an interval scale that illustrates the level of digital maturity and the ability to adopt and implement viable solutions based on artificial intelligence technology. This paper, in addition to identifying the digital transformation level of companies, offers solutions and recommendations for addressing the challenges encountered by the business environment, thus contributing to the understanding and development of strategies adapted to each situation that may appear on the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review rigorously analyses the impact of Human Resource Management (HRM) methods on enhancing Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices in order to accomplish strategic organisational goals. The paper systematically compiles and analyses previous research, specifically examining how HRM methods are incorporated into GSCM environments and how they affect the long-term viability of organisations. Using the PRISMA method, this review rigorously synthesises data to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of several HRM initiatives in supporting sustainable supply chain practices. The findings indicate a significant correlation between strategic human resource management (HRM) initiatives and the operational performance of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices. This correlation contributes to the attainment of firms' overarching strategic objectives. The review underscores the need of connecting Human Resource Management (HRM) with Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) to attain environmental and organisational goals. Additionally, it suggests areas for future research, specifically focusing on investigating longterm effects, developments in technology, and applicability across different sectors. The conclusions emphasise the importance of incorporating HRM methods into GSCM to promote sustainable business models and accomplish long-term strategic goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on understanding the reasons why the support programmes initiated to enhance the success of black-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have not shown the successes that were envisaged. Some government agencies are in charge of these programmes. The sampling frame consisted of previously assisted SMEs by the support agencies. SMEs were represented by high-ranking officials as study participants. There were signs that the support programmes were not effective in improving the SMEs. The responses indicated that the programmes' weakness can be attributed to the aid not being customized to the needs of the SMEs. There were training initiatives in some instances. According to the responses, the training was not based on the training needs of the SMEs. The SME practitioners, therefore, did not improve on their weaknesses. Finances that were given out as aid, according to the respondents, were dictated by the donor and did not allow flexibility according to the purchasing needs of the SMEs. Apparently, aid was in one form for all the SMEs. These supports ended up not helping to improve the SME. The paper recommended the customization of the aid to the needs of the SME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]