Search

OBJECTIVEJn Tiirkiye, anti-tobacco legislation (Law No. 4207 on the Prevention and Control of Harms of Tobacco Products) aims to ensure a "tobacco-free" life for current and future generations. Thus, there are observations of violations in the hospitality sector. In this study, we aimed to observe the status of hospitality venues' violation of the law in 11 different cities in Tiirkiye. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive study examined 772 hospitality venues in Ankara, Burdur, Diyarbakir, Giresun, Hatay istanbul, izmir, Kars, Kayseri, Samsun, and Zonguldak between August 1 and October 10, 2023. The Google Forms survey, Microsoft Excel, and IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 23) programs were used for data collection, entry, and analysis. A logistic regression model was used to understand the associations between non-compliance and the characteristics of the venues. RESULTS: During the observation of indoor spaces, tobacco products were used in 282 venues (37.1%). Non-compliance in bars, pubs, traditional coffee houses, and hookah cafes was statistically significantly higher than in the other venue types [odds ratio (OR)= 3.031,95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.699 to 5.408, P < 0.001 ]. The presence of a retractable roof and/or side wall (OR=5.362, 95% Cl: 3.51 8 to 8.1 73, p < 0.001), later hour observations (OR= 2.120, 95% Cl: 1.399 to 3.212, p < 0.001), and the existence of outdoor venues where smoking is permitted (OR= 3.165, 95% Cl: 2.1 70 to 4.61 7, p < 0.001) also increased indoor violations. CONCLUSION: The findings provided scientific evidence that violations of Turkish anti-tobacco legislation exist in hospitality venues. The public authorities are advised to play their vital role in preventing violations in indoor spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular data of mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) patients and their outcomes using the national registry of patients in the Russian Federation (RF). Materials and Methods: In the retrospective cohort study, the authors included data from the Russian national registry of MPS II. Results: The prevalence of MPS II in RF is 0.62 per 100 000 live births or 0.09 per 100 000 population with the majority of patients in the Central (n = 36) and the Volga Federal District (n = 35). Males were 157 (99.4%), positive MPS II family history had 47 (29.7%) patients. The median age of the first symptoms was 1.8 (0.8-2.6) years, ranging from 0.1 to 19 years, and the age of diagnosis was 4.0 (2.5; 5.9) years, ranging from 0.1 to 38.9 years. A genetic study was available for the analysis in 116 (73.4%) patients. Single nucleotide variants in the IDS gene were found in 98/116 (84.5%) patients, and 18 further patients (15.5%) had gross rearrangements. About 59/98 (60.2%) patients had missense, 15/98 (15.3%) had frame-shift variants, 12/98 (12.2%) had splice site, and 11/98 (11.2%) had nonsense variants. One (1.0%) patient out of 98 patients had a small deletion. Pathogenic, likely pathogenic variants, and variants with uncertain significance were found in 54 (55.1%), 36 (36.7%), and 8 (8.2%) patients, respectively. About 138 (87.3%) patients received enzyme replacement therapy. Conclusion: The prevalence of MPS II in the RF is higher than that in some European countries and closer to the Asian population. The registry is a convenient tool for disease epidemiology and monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]