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Smits provides a good deal of useful, often surprising information about the actual paper-to-paper trade in pre-photographic illustrations and the material paraphernalia associated with their mass transmission. Smits argues persuasively that, 'to better understand the nineteenth-century press, historians must escape from the unnecessary and narrow national framework and study newspapers from a transnational perspective' (p. 9). Thomas Smits has done Victorian periodicals studies a real service by drawing the field's attention to the dynamic, transnational network encompassing the production and dissemination of news imagery at mid-nineteenth century. [Extracted from the article]

Late Stuart London hosted a variety of semipublic feasts; the most common were for those born in a particular county or town, but others fêted alumni or those sharing a patronymic. Although the antecedents of these feasts extend to the early seventeenth century, the number of such feasts expanded from the 1650s onward. And the printed ephemera associated with these feasts—newspaper advertisements, sermons, printed tickets or forms, poems, songs, and even a playbook—were new. This essay explores the performative roles of this feast ephemera, from publicizing feasts, to commemorating the event, to providing charity circulars, to creating a wider community than that formed solely by commensality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoe Sherman's book, "Modern Advertising and the Market for Audience Attention," provides an overview of the rise and development of the advertising industry in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Sherman explores the concept of "audience attention" as a commodity and examines how it was produced and sold by advertisers. The book delves into the historical struggles and competition between different agents in the industry, as well as the social, economic, and cultural consequences of advertising. Sherman argues that the advertising industry emerged as a response to the crises of late 19th-century capitalism, with manufacturers using advertising to increase demand for their products. The book also highlights the ways in which advertisers sought to capture and control audience attention, transforming it into a valuable resource. Ultimately, Sherman suggests that the invasion of advertising into our consciousness depletes and alienates our attention, leading to negative consequences for individuals and society. [Extracted from the article]

Headlines are important parts of any news and newspaper. They serve as an overview of the story or article. This study aims to describe and analyze the news headlines of the past 5 issues of the school publication in one of the state universities in Region III, Philippines. Specifically, it focuses on the types of grammatical structures are used in the headline writing; patterns that the headlines observe; semantic categories of the headwords of the headlines; reasons why the headlines framed the way they appear in the newspaper; and implications of the results to future journalism training and campus paper publication. The study is a sequential explanatory type of research that used the Fair clough theory to analyze the previous issues of the newspaper. After which, the results were presented to the two (2) advisers of the newspaper who served as the participants during the interview. It was found out that the last five issues of the student publication of a university in the Philippines commonly used clausal headlines, Subject-Verb Phrase-Direct Object clausal pattern, Headword-Post modifier phrasal headlines, and proper names for the headwords of the headlines. The participants of the study explained that the patterns were adopted for clarity, comprehensiveness, getting the reader's attention, conciseness, and identification. Therefore, it is recommended that continuous training must be given to the student writers to be able to be abreast of other styles and techniques so that they can present news in a comprehensive, clear, concise, and attractive way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scholarship on early American slavery has not always fully acknowledged the persistent presence of enslaved and unfree Indigenous men, women, and children in the American colonies and (later) states. This paper aims to contribute to the broader conversation on the nature of American slavery by examining the presence of enslaved Native people and servants in the eighteenth century through the lens of 1,066 advertisements related to Indigenous people between 1704 and 1804 in colonial newspaper 'runaway slave' / self-emancipated and 'to be sold' advertisements, all drawn from the America's Historical Newspapers database. A close examination of these advertisements reveals not only a surprisingly robust ongoing presence, but also important trends in terms of sex, racialization and race-designations by colonists, and varieties of slavery, servitude, and unfreedom, as well as the role of early newspapers in supporting and profiting from the business of slavery, including turning citizens into slave patrollers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine, has been practised in India since ages. We evaluated the overall awareness regarding Ayurveda among patients attending two specialty clinics at a tertiary care institute. Methods. We did a cross-sectional study on patients attending the cardiology and neurology clinics at a tertiary care hospital in India. We conducted this paper-based survey using a standardized, validated questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 14.2. Results. Three hundred and ninety-seven patients agreed to participate in the study. Their mean (SD) age was 45.65 (15.02) years. Among them 68.5% were men and 56.9% were from urban areas. Participants perceived that Ayurveda comprised herbal drugs (77.6%), metallic/herbo-mineral preparations (44.3%), Panchakarma therapy (22.2%) and personalized medicine (37.8%). Principal sources of information were TV promotional programmes (34.7%) and newspaper advertisements (13.9%). Nearly two-thirds (63%) of participants opined that Ayurveda is effective in chronic disorders. Although only 9.1% of participants reported the use of Ayurvedic medicines, 89.2% believed it would be beneficial if the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi had Ayurveda services. Three-fourths (75.8%) of respondents were interested to participate in research studies integrating Ayurveda with modern medicine. Conclusion. Imprecise knowledge and awareness towards Ayurveda appears to prevail in addition to the low practice among the patients surveyed. We found imprecise knowledge of Ayurvedic therapies and its low usage among patients attending specialized OPDs in a tertiary care hospital. The major source of information reported was promotional advertisements in the print and electronic media. Our survey shows a need for awareness programmes for general public at various levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries saw the development in London of the public commercial concert which made early and increasing use of the newspaper as a method of advertising. This was both an innovation for promotion of commercial entertainments and a huge rise in pervasiveness over existing methods such as flyers and bills. A detailed analysis of the advertisement texts shows how they used various advertising techniques to convey a persuasive message about the concert and employed concepts such as novelty, quality, and appeals to class, status and self-identity. Moving beyond the argument that early advertisements could be persuasive, this paper identifies and interprets the techniques of persuasion musicians used and discusses how they foreground those found in more recent and current advertising practice. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper offers a case study of two London firms active in the production and distribution of women's ready-to-wear clothing before 1900, H. J. Nicoll and Alfred Stedall. The sources used are registered advertising images from the Records of the Copyright Office, Stationers' Company at The National Archives; Companies House records (also at The National Archives); and newspaper advertisements sourced from the British Newspaper Archive. These three archives have allowed me to evaluate the uses made of advertising images, and to relate this to the companies' development, reflecting on the gaps and omissions between the three sources. This research has uncovered a nationwide chain of women's ready-to-wear retailers, an unexpected development that may require some rethinking of current historiography. It also throws light on the locations and practices of London-based clothing workshops, which have proven resistant to study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For reasons of both electoral competitiveness and democratic legitimacy, political parties in diverse democracies increasingly compete for the votes of immigrant and ethnic minority voters. A considerable literature has examined the effects of electoral advertising on the partisanship and turnout of targeted groups. Little attention has been given, however, to the nature of the representational offers contained in advertising that targets ethnic minorities. Do party advertisements offer descriptive representation, by featuring ethnic candidates? Do they offer geographic representation, by focusing on districts where ethnic minorities live? Do they offer to represent ethnic minorities' specific interests or experiences? Where ethnic minorities are internally diverse, what efforts do parties make to address such diversity in their advertising? How parties answer these questions affects the scope and inclusivity of the representational offers extended to ethnic minority voters, with consequences for their political inclusion and representation. We examine how these questions have been answered in New Zealand, a country characterised by high rates of inward migration and the enfranchisement of resident non-citizens. Using data from a novel study of New Zealand political parties' election advertisements targeting Chinese voters, we assess the quantity and character of representational offers made to this internally diverse minority group. Our findings suggest that, even as the main political parties are increasingly making specific representational offers to Chinese New Zealanders, these offers vary across the political spectrum in their quantity, scope and inclusiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We model the market for news as a two-sided market where newspapers sell news to readers who value accuracy and sell space to advertisers who value advert-receptive readers. In this setting, monopolistic newspapers under-report or bias news that sufficiently reduces advertiser profits. Paradoxically, increasing the size of advertising eventually leads competing newspapers to reduce advertiser bias. Nonetheless, advertisers can counter this effect if able to commit to news-sensitive cut-off strategies, potentially inducing as much bias as in the monopoly case. We use these results to explain contrasting historical and recent evidence on commercial bias and influence in the media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The print media industry is on a declining trend in both the number publications and revenue even though the print medium remains relevant in news dissemination. The Zimbabwe newspaper industry has recently been suffering from financial challenges as indicated by the published financial reports for the period under study, one of the reasons for the decline in revenue being the looming of social media. It is due to this background that the researchers sought to investigate the financial performance of print media in advent of social media. Methodology: A quantitative research methodology was adopted. Data was obtained from The Manica post using questionnaires. Regression of data gathered was analysed using SPSS software. Findings: The study reveal that social media has caused the print media, particularly the newspaper division a huge loss in revenue and advertisement and it indicated that there is a negative relationship between financial performance and social media. However other macroeconomic variables like politics and legislation should be taken into consideration. Originality value: The print media sector should adopt new technologies and establish plans to increase its online audience's clientele base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of the study indicate that the advertising content of the newspaper in the present study is viewed as local news by its subscribers and consequently has the highest readership of any type of content in this paper. While it was assumed that the advertising content of this newspaper would be well-read, the magnitude of readership and reader-interest in advertising was surprising. In regard to questions concerning the reader's attitude toward the amount of advertising carried by the newspaper under study, it was found that rather than feeling there was too much advertising in the paper, the majority felt that it was either "just right" or that they wanted more advertising in the future. This article is based in part on a paper presented for the Advertising Division at the Association for Education in Journalism convention in Ottawa, Canada. August 16-20, 1975. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing means the strategies and tactics an organization undertakes for attracting consumers to promote the buying or selling of a product or service. Active marketing is about receiving messages from potential buyers to create ways to influence their purchasing decisions. Advertising is one of the most prominent marketing strategies to promote products to consumers. It is well known that advertisement has a significant impact on the sale of certain goods or services. In this paper, we consider two mediums of advertisement, such as Facebook (which is an online medium) and Newspaper (which is a printed medium). We consider a dataset representing the advertising budget (in hundreds of US dollars) of an electronic company and the sales of that company. We apply the quantitative research approach, and the data which are used in this research are secondary data. For analysis purposes, we consider a statistical tool called simple linear regression modeling. To check the significance of the advertising on sale, definite statistical tests are applied. Based on the findings of this research, it is observed that advertising has a significant impact on sales. It is also showed that spending money on advertising through Facebook has better sales than newspapers. The finding of this research shows that the use of computer-based technologies and online mediums has a brighter future for advertising. Furthermore, a new statistical model is introduced using the Z family approach. The proposed model is very interesting and possesses heavy-tailed properties. Finally, the applicability of the proposed model is illustrated by considering the financial dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]