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According to a preprint abstract, smoking cigarettes can cause morphological and histological changes in human and animal tissues. This study specifically focuses on the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on the liver of mouse embryos. The study found that exposure to cigarette smoke resulted in changes in cellular architecture, veins, inflammatory cells, and hepatocytes in the liver. Additionally, the weight of the embryos, liver, and CR (possibly crown-rump length) significantly decreased in the smoke-exposed groups compared to the control group. It is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery in Moscow, Russia, explored the differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages into cells with a Kupffer-like phenotype. Kupffer cells are resident macrophages found in various mammalian organs. The researchers found that after three days of coculture with specific stromal components, the expression of marker genes associated with Kupffer cells increased in monocyte-derived macrophages, but a complete coincidence of gene profiles did not occur. This research contributes to the understanding of the formation of specific phenotypes in resident macrophages and the role of microenvironmental conditions. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Southeast University in Jiangsu, China have developed a new method for efficiently isolating multiple cell types from tissues and conducting downstream proteomic analysis. The method involves using hierarchical dendritic photonic crystal beads (HDPCBs) with high-density functional groups to separate different cell types. The researchers successfully demonstrated the simultaneous isolation of Kupffer cells and Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial cells (LSECs) from the liver, identifying unique proteins and over-expressed proteins associated with the function of these cells. This new platform offers a promising approach for studying cell compositions and functions in various biological environments. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords for this news article include: First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China, Asia, Immunology, Macrophages, Kupffer Cells, Health and Medicine, Hemic and Immune Systems, Cell and Developmental Biology. Keywords: Biology; Cell and Developmental Biology; Health and Medicine; Hemic and Immune Systems; Immunology; Kupffer Cells; Macrophages EN Biology Cell and Developmental Biology Health and Medicine Hemic and Immune Systems Immunology Kupffer Cells Macrophages 2284 2284 1 08/21/23 20230825 NES 230825 2023 AUG 25 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators publish new report on cell and developmental biology. [Extracted from the article]

In liver injury, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) acquire an activated phenotype, migrate to the injured region in response to chemotactic factors and produce extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including ?-smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) and collagen in order to repair the damage. HSC-T6, a cell line of rat HSCs, was used in IN VITRO experiments. TGF-?1 was used as a chemoattractant. The expression of ?-SMA was used as a marker of activated hepatic stellate cells and cell migration was assayed with the Transwell method to investigate the active principles of the roots of RHEUM PALMATUM L. (Dahuang), a well-known traditional Chinese herb used for treating liver diseases. Under cell activation and chemotaxis-directed fractionation and purification, four anthraquinones, rhein ( 1), emodin ( 2), chrysophanol ( 3) and physcion ( 4), and four phenylbutanoids, lindleyin ( 5), isolindleyin ( 7), 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone 4'- O-?- D-glucopyranoside ( 8), and 4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone ( 9), and a stilbene, 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene 4'- O-?- D-glucopyranoside 6'- O-gallate ( 6) were isolated from the active fractions. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 inhibited ?-SMA expression. However, compounds 3, 4, 6 and 8 attenuated chemotactic migration, but not ?-SMA expression. ?-SMA:?-smooth muscle actin CI:chemotaxis index ECM:extracellular matrix HSCs:hepatic stellate cells Rh:ethanolic extract of the roots of RHEUM PALMATUMTGF:transforming growth factor [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]