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Hydroelectric power is becoming an increasingly important replacement for fossil fuels, meeting around 15% of the world's electricity needs and supplying about a billion people with power. Major hydroelectric schemes are currently under construction, particularly in China. Hydroelectric power plants convert the potential energy of water collected in a dam into electricity through turbines and generators. These plants are cheap to run, produce zero waste, and do not generate pollution. Impressive hydroelectric power plants include the Itaipu Dam in Brazil and Paraguay, the Guri Dam in Venezuela, and the Three Gorges Dam in China. However, not all countries have the infrastructure to take advantage of hydroelectric power. The UK, for example, relies on small-scale hydro projects and pumped-storage schemes. Other alternative sources of renewable energy include wind farms, solar power, biomass energy, geothermal energy, and wave power. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the rebranding of UFOs as UAPs (unidentified anomalous phenomena) and the increasing interest in studying these unexplained sightings. The stigma associated with reporting UFO sightings has hindered valuable information from being shared, including potential threats to aviation. Government agencies and officials are now recognizing the importance of investigating these phenomena and have established offices to collect and analyze reports. Scientists are using data analysis and advanced visualization tools to debunk many sightings and identify more mundane explanations, such as weather phenomena, aircraft, and satellites. However, there is still a need for better data collection and analysis to understand UAPs fully. Various research teams are developing instrument packages to observe and study UAPs, with the hope of making new discoveries. [Extracted from the article]

This article from Farm Collector provides an overview of the low-tension magneto, an important component of the low-tension ignition system used in gas engines. It explains how the magneto works and its role in generating a spark for ignition. The article emphasizes that the quality of a magneto should be determined by the current it produces, rather than its output voltage. It also explores the structure of the magneto and how it creates voltage spikes to generate the necessary current for ignition. The article concludes by cautioning against relying solely on voltage readings to assess the quality of a magneto. Additionally, the article mentions a promotional offer on the FarmCollector.com website that is set to expire on September 13, 2024, encouraging readers to visit the website for more information. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: Currently, more renewable energy resources with advanced technology levels are incorporated in the electric power networks. Under this circumstance, the attainment of optimal economic dispatch is very much essential by the power system as the system requires more power generation cost and also has a great demand for electrical energy. Therefore, one of the primary difficulties in the power system is lowering the cost of power generation, which includes both economic and environmental costs. This study/paper aims to introduce a meta-heuristic algorithm, which offers an solution to the combined economic and emission dispatch (CEED). Design/methodology/approach: A novel algorithm termed Levy-based glowworm swarm optimization (LGSO) is proposed in this work, and it provides an excellent solution to the combined economic and emission dispatch (CEED) difficulties by specifying the generation of the optimal renewable energy systems (RES). Moreover, in hybrid renewable energy systems, the proposed scheme is extended by connecting the wind turbine because the thermal power plant could not control the aforementioned costs. In terms of economic cost, emission cost and transmission loss, the suggested CEED model outperforms other conventional schemes genetic algorithm, Grey wolf optimization, whale optimization algorithm (WOA), dragonfly algorithm (DA) and glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) and demonstrates its efficiency. Findings: According to the results, the suggested model for Iteration 20 was outperformed GSO, DA and WOA by 23.46%, 97.33% and 93.33%, respectively. For Iteration 40, the proposed LGSO was 60%, 99.73% and 97.06% better than GSO, DA and WOA methods, respectively. The proposed model for Iteration 60 was 71.50% better than GSO, 96.56% better than DA and 95.25% better than WOA. As a result, the proposed LGSO was shown to be superior to other existing techniques with respect to the least cost and loss. Originality/value: This research introduces the latest optimization algorithm known as LGSO to provide an excellent solution to the CEED difficulties by specifying the generation of the optimal RES. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work that utilizes LGSO-based optimization for providing an excellent solution to the CEED difficulties by specifying the generation of the optimal RES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) has urged the government to reform power generation contracts in response to public outcry over a significant tariff hike. Nepra has announced an investigation into overbilling by distribution companies due to changes in the meter reading mechanism. The government has provided a subsidy for residential consumers, but this relief has not been officially notified. Nepra has faced criticism for allegedly rubber-stamping government tariff hikes and failing to address inefficiencies in the power sector. The chairman of Nepra has called for drastic reforms to restore public confidence. [Extracted from the article]

This article compares the Peugeot 508 PSE and the Skoda Octavia vRS, both of which are fast estate cars. The author expresses a personal preference for fast estates due to their surprising performance. The Skoda Octavia vRS is praised for its ability to soothe on long journeys and entertain when needed, while the Peugeot 508 PSE is commended for its suspension control and cross-country pace. Ultimately, the author finds the Skoda Octavia vRS to be more enjoyable and better value for money, while acknowledging that the Peugeot 508 PSE offers more space and a visually interesting design. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the importance of planning and implementing green facilities for a sustainable future. It emphasizes the need for a financial commitment to integrating evolving green technologies and the involvement of expert consultants in the early stages of the project. The article also highlights the increasing global demand for energy and the importance of efficient energy usage and renewable energy sources. It provides case studies of successful green projects and emphasizes the benefits of an eco-friendly company culture. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for strategic planning and the recruitment of consulting organizations to achieve specific sustainability goals. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: Thermal protection of a flange is critical for preventing tower icing and collapse of wind turbines (WTs) in extremely cold weather. This study aims to develop a novel thermal protection system for the WTs flanges using an electrical heat-tracing element. Design/methodology/approach: A three-dimensional model and the Poly-Hexacore mesh structure are used, and the fluid-solid coupling method was validated and then deployed to analyze the heat transfer and convection process. Intra-volumetric heat sources are applied to represent the heat generated by the heating element, and the dynamic boundary conditions are considered. The steady temperature and temperature uniformity of the flange are the assessment criteria for the thermal protection performance of the heating element. Findings: Enlarging the heating area and increasing the heating power improved the flange's temperature and temperature uniformity. A heating power of 4.9 kW was suitable for engineering applications with the lowest temperature nonuniformity. Compared with continuous heating, the increased temperature nonuniformity was buffered, and the electrical power consumption was reduced by half using pulse heating. Pulse heating time intervals of 1, 3 and 4 h were determined for the spring, autumn and winter, respectively. Originality/value: The originality of this study is to propose a novel electrical heat-tracing thermal protection system for the WTs flanges. The effect of different arrangements, heating powers and heating strategies was studied, by which the theoretical basis is provided for a stable and long-term utilization of the WT flange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purposes: The purpose of this paper is to identify on the instantaneous electrical power basis of a nonsinusoidal periodic current three-phase asymmetric system, active and reactive positive, negative and zero sequence powers, taking into account higher harmonics. The main power theories, including those embodied in the IEEE 1459 standard, do not allow to evaluate some of power components. Design/methodology/approach: A well-known fact is that the three-phase AC system total power with the symmetry of currents and voltages is constant. It corresponds to the electrical energy transfer process in a DC system. In this case, the electrical energy transmission can be taken as high quality. It has been established that the components of active and reactive powers are because of the product of current and voltage of unidirectional sequences. The orthogonal components of the oscillating power are because of the product of the voltage and current components of different sequences, with the exception of the zero sequence. Findings: For an unbalanced nonsinusoidal mode of a three-phase system, the components of instantaneous power were defined, corresponding to the active and reactive positive and negative and zero sequences powers with the selection of the fundamental and higher harmonics. The active and reactive powers of sequences were divided into two categories – consumed and generated. Originality/value: It is proposed to use the ratio of "interfere" power RMS value to the total power RMS value to assess the instantaneous power distortion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gravity-based energy storage systems are being explored as a solution to the storage problem faced by renewable energy sources. These systems involve lifting heavy blocks using gravity and then lowering them to generate electricity. The blocks can be lifted back up using excess energy from wind turbines or solar panels, effectively recharging the system. While these systems have limitations in terms of the amount of energy they can store, they can be scaled up and built in various locations. Researchers believe that a combination of conventional batteries and gravity-based systems will be the future of energy storage. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for an image forming apparatus by Canon Kabushiki Kaisha. The patent describes a configuration that notifies the user of the position of a recording medium remaining in the apparatus. The invention includes a conveyance unit with sensors and light sources that determine the position of a paper jam and control the corresponding light source to turn on. The apparatus also includes a capacitor to reduce voltage fluctuation and a shut-off mechanism when the conveyance unit is pulled out. The invention aims to provide a less expensive configuration for notifying paper jams in an image forming apparatus. [Extracted from the article]

Finance Division has reportedly shown willingness to allocate Rs 450 billion for power sector subsidy in FY 2023-24 as compared to Rs 350 billion for the outgoing fiscal year (2022-23), well informed sources told Business Recorder. Answering to an inquiry, the sources said, Power Division has previously made a move concerning program/credit conditions by Global Financial Asset (IMF) and World Bank. [Extracted from the article]

The government has given permission to electricity distribution companies (Discos) in Pakistan to confiscate electric appliances and impose heavy penalties on consumers found guilty of electricity theft. The government has sent this decision to the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) for implementation. The government has also requested changes to the Consumer Service Manual (CSM) to remove multiple connections and separate electricity meters in residential premises without direct and separate entrances from main roads. Discos will review premises with multiple connections and serve notices to consumers to consolidate their load into a single Time of Use (TOU) meter. Failure to comply will result in disconnection of non-TOU meters. The proposed CSM also defines illegal use of electricity and theft, including instances such as tampering with meters or using electricity for unauthorized purposes. Discos will process cases of theft of electricity and provide information to the police for legal action. In cases of repeated theft, Discos will remove electrical equipment and appliances used for stolen electricity consumption. Discos will recover their losses through detection bills, with unregistered and registered consumers being charged for different periods depending on the number of instances of theft. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: This study aims to focus on an adaptive method for fault detection and classification of fault types that trigger in three-phase transmission lines using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The proposed scheme can detect and classify several types of faults, including line-to-ground, line-to-line, double-line-to-ground, triple-line and triple-line-to-ground faults. Design/methodology/approach: The fundamental components of three-phase current and voltage were used as inputs in the ANNs. An analysis of the impact of variations in the fault resistance, fault type and fault inception time was conducted to evaluate the ANNs performance. The survey compares the performance of the multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) and Elman recurrent neural network trained with the backpropagation learning technique to improve each of the three phases of the fault detection and classification process. A detailed analysis validates the choice of the ANNs architecture based on the variation in the number of hidden neurons in each step. Findings: The mean square error, root mean square error, mean absolute error and linear regression are measured to improve the efficiency of the ANN models for both fault detection and classification. The results indicate that the MLPNN can detect and classify faults with a satisfactory performance. Originality/value: The smart adaptive scheme is fast and accurate for fault detection and classification in a single circuit transmission line when faced with different conditions and can be useful for transmission line protection schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new report from the University of Florence in Italy provides an extensive review of monitoring methods for electrical power lines, with a focus on high-voltage and medium-voltage systems. The objective of these techniques is to prevent catastrophic failures by detecting partial damage or deterioration of components and allowing for organized maintenance operations. The paper discusses the coordination of protection devices and the implementation of artificial intelligence algorithms to improve the reliability of the network. It also highlights diagnostic techniques, protection devices, and prognostic methods, emphasizing the role of artificial intelligence and offering guidelines for choosing between different approaches. [Extracted from the article]

A report from North China Electric Power University discusses the impact of residents' energy consumption behavior on carbon reduction targets and related policies in Beijing, China. The study proposes an innovative analytical framework that integrates internal psychological factors and external environmental factors to better understand energy consumption behavior. By incorporating economic factors, policy impact, convenience of consumption, knowledge level, behavioral expectations, and consumption habits, the framework provides a more comprehensive understanding of residents' energy consumption behavior. The research concludes that this framework can contribute to the design and enhancement of low-carbon policies. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from North China Electric Power University highlights the increasing vulnerability of electric power substations to physical attacks, such as vandalism and theft. The research emphasizes the need for robust security measures and regular security audits to identify vulnerabilities and enhance the resilience of substations against evolving threats. The report provides a comprehensive guideline for the physical security auditing procedure, which is crucial for the reliable operation of the power grid. This information is important for understanding the challenges faced by utilities providers and ensuring the safety of power infrastructure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power explores the use of deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to automatically identify depressive symptoms in college students. The study focuses on analyzing facial behavior as a direct and easily accessible source of behavioral data. The researchers found that depressed patients exhibit unique behavioral patterns, including reduced positive emotional feedback, enhanced negative emotional feedback, misjudgment of neutral stimuli as negative stimuli, and slow changes in expression behavior. The CNN-LSTM model achieved a recognition accuracy of 73.21% and a recall rate of 85.71% when applied, making it suitable for primary screening of depression in college students. This research provides a methodological basis and technical support for the automatic identification of depressive symptoms. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the various methods of generating hydroelectric power in France, including the Alpine, the Pyrean, and the Central Massif solutions, and how this power is utilized by Alpine industries. The article discusses how these solutions work, the cost of implementation, and the expected power yield. Utilization of electric power by the electro-chemical and electro-metallurgic industries, paper manufacturers, and other industries is discussed. The article examines the location, power use, manufacture, labor conditions, and means of transportation for these industries. The article concludes that hydroelectric power has been essential to the survival of these industries which face the challenge of transportation within the mountains.

This paper introduces an on-chip distributed power delivery grid (DPDG) with cooperative regulation and IR-drop reduction based on analog-assisted digital LDOs (AADLDOs), which inherit the merits of low output ripple and sub-LSB current supply ability from the analog control, and the advantage of low supply voltage operation and adaptive fast response from the digital control. With the distributed power delivery topology, the IR-drop across the power supply rail can be reduced, especially in large area power-supply applications. The AADLDOs in the power delivery grid work cooperatively to obtain a balance between improved response speed and power consumption. A prototype of a 3 × 3 power grid with 9 AADLDOs, providing a total of 500-mA maximum load current with an on-chip 0.9-nF output capacitor, is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process to demonstrate the proposed DPDG concept and the effectiveness of this scheme. A maximum voltage undershoot of 125mV is measured with a 450mA/20ns load step, resulting a figure-of-merit as low as 0.249ps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to study the possibility of controlling the electromagnetic stirrer (EMS) is fundamental in a continuous casting line to achieve the desired properties of homogeneity and mechanical strength in the solidified cast. Design/methodology/approach: Coupled electromagnetic (EM) and fluid dynamic (FD) simulations allow to predict the mixing effect on molten metal, in terms of velocity amplitude and shape of the flow. This paper describes the numerical results of EMS effect within a cylindrical crucible, surrounded by a solenoidal inductor, filled with a low melting temperature alloy, i.e. GalInStan. Findings: Induced forces and resulting velocity distribution of the flow of the liquid metal have been calculated depending on varying amplitude and frequency of the supplied current. As expected, at a given amplitude of the current supply, the velocity distribution shows a maximum at a certain frequency while the intensity of electrodynamic forces monotonically increase as the frequency increases Originality/value: The paper deals with simply models and experiments applied to coupled EM and FD problem, to assess the applied methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind and solar projects face challenges in the permitting process, which is a major obstacle to achieving net zero emissions for electrical power by 2050. While the federal permitting process has become quicker, state and local permitting-related bottlenecks have slowed down the clean energy transition. The majority of contested wind and solar projects stem from state and local levels rather than federal litigation. Local ordinances, zoning, and grid interconnection are common causes of project cancellation. There are also numerous ordinances that effectively prohibit solar and wind development, and some jurisdictions impose multiple procedure restrictions. The interconnection process for energy projects is complex and requires impact studies and modifications before connecting to the regional grid. There is a backlog of projects seeking interconnection, and a significant number of projects are ultimately withdrawn. Prysmian, the world's largest wire and cable manufacturer, aims to achieve carbon neutrality along its entire value chain by 2050. The company has set short-term and long-term goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and invest in sustainability. [Extracted from the article]

DMS Holland has developed a new All-in-One stabilizer system that combines the functions of fins, gyros, and trim tabs into one package. The system features long, thin fins that can rotate and flap like bird wings, providing stabilizing force at rest, cruising speeds, and planing speeds. The All-in-One system offers benefits such as reduced drag, lower electrical power consumption, and space-saving installation. However, it may pose a threat to swimmers and require modifications to the hull. The system is suitable for boats in the 15-30m range and is expected to be more expensive than conventional stabilizers. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents a self-biased subthreshold CMOS voltage reference for low-power and low-voltage applications. To achieve near-zero line sensitivity and high PSRR, a compensation structure utilizing the drain-induced-barrier-lowering (DIBL) effect is proposed to sink a supply dependent current from the output branch of a self-biased CMOS reference, which cancels the bias current’s dependence on the supply voltage due to the DIBL effect. Fabricated in a 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology, the measurement results demonstrate that the proposed circuit could operate under a minimum supply voltage of 0.34 V and generate a reference voltage of 147 mV, while consuming only 48 pW power. The PSRRs measured at 1 Hz and 10 kHz are −70.6 dB and −50.2 dB, respectively. For 39 measured samples, the mean line sensitivity is 0.019%/V in a supply voltage range from 0.34 to 1.8 V, and the average temperature coefficients before and after trimming are 64.81 and 10.06 ppm/°C in 0 ~ 100 °C temperature range, respectively. The total area of the voltage reference circuit is 0.0332mm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two output matching networks (OMNs) are proposed for integrated class-J and class-J−1 mode power amplifiers (PAs). The first MN provides the required load impedances of the class-J mode (i.e., $Z(f_{0})=R_{\mathrm{ opt}}+jR_{\mathrm{ opt}}$ and $Z({2}f_{0})=-j({3}\pi /{8})R_{\mathrm{ opt}}$), whereas the second MN realizes the optimal impedances of class-J−1 PAs (i.e., $Z(f_{0})=R_{\mathrm{ opt}}-jR_{\mathrm{ opt}}$ and $Z({2}f_{0})=j({3}\pi /{8})R_{\mathrm{ opt}}$). Detailed theoretical analyses are presented for each MN, and the values of matching components (i.e., inductors and capacitors) are obtained in terms of $R_{\mathrm{ opt}}$. Analytical derivations are verified by simulation results, while bandwidth and loss performances of each MN are also characterized. Two proof-of-concept class-J and class-J−1 PAs are designed and implemented in a 0.25- $\mu \text{m}$ GaAs process, where the proposed OMNs are employed in the designed circuits. The manufactured PAs show ≥28 dBm output power, ≥65% drain efficiency, and ≥61% power-added efficiency at 2 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an efficiency-enhanced low-profile zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) synchronous non-inverting buck-boost converter for 48-V tens-of-Watt output applications. By only using three auxiliary components shared between two switching nodes, zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of all four power switches and zero-current switching of the auxiliary switch are achieved in the proposed converter to minimize the switching power loss. Compared with the existing ZVT topologies, the proposed converter reduces the required number of auxiliary components, thereby decreasing the converter volume and power loss. In addition, the proposed converter can be configured into the buck mode with full ZVS capability to support a wide input range from 36 V to 90 V. Experimental results show that the proposed converter can operate at 1 MHz and deliver a maximum output power of 75 W. The measured peak power efficiencies achieve 92.5% and 96.3% in the buck-boost mode and buck mode, respectively. Compared with the state-of-the-art ZVS-based buck-boost counterpart, the proposed converter reduces the volume of the auxiliary circuit by ~2 times even with 28% increase in the maximum load current and two times reduction in the switching frequency, and provides higher peak power efficiencies in both buck-boost and buck modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RAI Strategic Holdings Inc. has been issued a patent for smoking articles that simulate the experience of smoking without burning tobacco or producing combustion products. The articles use an electrical heating element and power source to deliver an inhalable substance in vapor or aerosol form. The patent describes the design and components of the smoking articles, including the cartridge body, inhalable substance medium, and control housing. The articles are designed to provide a consistent and satisfying smoking experience, with the option to include tobacco or other materials in the inhalable substance medium. The patent also includes various claims related to the design and configuration of the article. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been filed for a tobacco-containing smoking article by inventors from North Carolina. The application discusses various methods and materials used in the production of cigarettes, including filters, additives, and tobacco substitutes. It also mentions smoking articles that produce flavored vapor or visible aerosol. The patent application does not specify a particular company or institution. The smoking article described in the application is electrically-powered and produces aerosols with tobacco-derived components. It can take the form of a cigarette or other traditional smoking products and includes an outer housing, an electrical power source, heating elements, and a cartridge with tobacco and aerosol-forming material. The smoking article is designed to generate a flavorful and satisfying aerosol without burning the tobacco, and it includes a puff-actuated controller to regulate the heating elements. [Extracted from the article]

RAI Strategic Holdings Inc. has been issued a patent for a tobacco-containing smoking article that aims to alter the composition of mainstream tobacco smoke. The patent discusses various components and methods for achieving this, including the use of tobacco substitute materials and different types of smoking articles that produce flavored vapor or visible aerosol. The preferred smoking article is a cigarette that can be connected to an electrically powered aerosol generating device, which generates a thermally generated aerosol incorporating tobacco components. The patent also describes a method for controlling the generation of aerosol based on air draw through the smoking article. The patent was filed in July 2021 and published online in May 2024. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: For a given rotor, the study of the impact of stator MMF from different winding distributions is usually carried out using analytical model under some simplifying hypotheses to limit time computation. To get more accurate results, finite element model is thus more suitable. However, testing different combinations of stator windings with the same rotor can be tedious when considering the stator slots. Indeed, this introduces mesh constraint, reluctance variation of the air gap and possibly taking into account of the connection between stator coils. To avoid this, a current sheet supplied such to represent the stator MMF and spread all around the inner slotless stator surface can be used. In addition, such an approach can be very useful to didactically assess the effect of each winding space harmonic on machine performance separately. The purpose of this paper is to use a current sheet coupled to an external analytical tool in order to easily test different windings or to quantify the effect of a given spatial harmonic of the winding. Design/methodology/approach: In the proposed approach, the current sheet supply is obtained from an analytical tool that allows determining the spatiotemporal stator MMF of any winding considered. Moreover, stator teeth height is not modelled, and only the thickness of the stator yoke is considered along with the same air gap thickness. Results with the proposed approach are compared to the real stator modelling for two different winding configurations. Last, linear and non-linear magnetic material behaviours are investigated to validate the proposed approach in term of magnetic distribution. Findings: For both studied cases, results in term of local and global physical quantities show good agreement between the real stator modelling and the proposed approach. Originality/value: Current sheet is used with finite element model to study the inherent effect of different winding configurations on local and global physical quantities of an AC electrical machine. The proposed approach avoids the constraints in terms of stator slot geometry and electrical circuit definition. This is very useful to quickly test different winding configurations or to isolate a specific winding space harmonic to quantify its effect on the electrical performances. This cannot be performed using classical modelling as all space harmonics are taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, a transformer (TF)-based two-stage dual-radial power splitting/combining architecture with advantages of in-phase RF power splitting/combining scheme, compact splitting/combining network, uniform dc distribution, and symmetric dc current supply/return path is developed. To verify the feasibility of the architecture, a 5.2-GHz high-gain fully integrated PA is designed and fabricated on standard 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology. The CMOS PA transmits 30.1-dBm saturation power (${P}_{{sat}}$) with 22.2% power added efficiency (PAE) at 5.2 GHz. The measured power gain is 30.8 dB and the output 1-dB compression point (${{OP}}_{{1dB}}$) is 24.1 dBm. The EVM has been measured with IEEE 802.11ac WLAN modulated signals. Using the 20-MHz bandwidth OFDM 64-QAM modulated signal, the PA meets the WLAN EVM specification of 5.6% up to 19.8-dBm linear output power. For a high data rate of 80-MHz bandwidth OFDM 256-QAM signal, the PA transmits linear output power of 17 dBm with 2.5% EVM. To the best of our knowledge, the CMOS PA achieves the highest output power, the highest power gain, and the highest OP1dB with decent PAE among other reported fully integrated CMOS PAs around 5 GHz to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximate circuits have been considered for applications that can tolerate some loss of accuracy with improved performance and/or energy efficiency. Multipliers are key arithmetic circuits in many of these applications including digital signal processing (DSP). In this paper, a novel approximate multiplier with a low power consumption and a short critical path is proposed for high-performance DSP applications. This multiplier leverages a newly designed approximate adder that limits its carry propagation to the nearest neighbors for fast partial product accumulation. Different levels of accuracy can be achieved by using either OR gates or the proposed approximate adder in a configurable error recovery circuit. The approximate multipliers using these two error reduction strategies are referred to as AM1 and AM2, respectively. Both AM1 and AM2 have a low mean error distance, i.e., most of the errors are not significant in magnitude. Compared with a Wallace multiplier optimized for speed, an $8\times 8$ AM1 using four most significant bits for error reduction shows a 60% reduction in delay (when optimized for delay) and a 42% reduction in power dissipation (when optimized for area). In a $16\times 16$ design, half of the least significant partial products are truncated for AM1 and AM2, which are thus denoted as TAM1 and TAM2, respectively. Compared with the Wallace multiplier, TAM1 and TAM2 save from 50% to 66% in power, when optimized for area. Compared with existing approximate multipliers, AM1, AM2, TAM1, and TAM2 show significant advantages in accuracy with a low power-delay product. AM2 has a better accuracy compared with AM1 but with a longer delay and higher power consumption. Image processing applications, including image sharpening and smoothing, are considered to show the quality of the approximate multipliers in error-tolerant applications. By utilizing an appropriate error recovery scheme, the proposed approximate multipliers achieve similar processing accuracy as exact multipliers, but with significant improvements in power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify faults in distribution systems which are unavoidable because of adverse weather conditions and unexpected accidents. Hence, quick fault location is vital for continuous power supply. However, most fault location methods depend on the stored database for locating fault. The database is created by simulation, which is time consuming. Therefore, in this work, a comprehensive fault location method to detect faulty section and fault distance from one-ended bus using limited simulated data is proposed.Design/methodology/approach The work uses voltage sag data measured at a primary substation. Support vector machine estimates the data which are not simulated. The possible faulty section is determined using matching approach and fault distance using mathematical analysis.Findings This work proposed a ranking analysis for multiple possible faulty sections, and the fault distance is calculated using Euclidean distance approach.Practical implications The research work uses Malaysian distribution system as it represents a practical distribution system with multiple branches and limited measurement at primary substation. The work requires only metering devices to identify fault which is cost effective. In addition, the distribution system is simulated using real-time PSCAD by which the capability of proposed method can be fully tested.Originality/value The paper presents a new method for fault analysis. It reduces simulation time and storage space of database. The work identifies faulty section and ranks the prior faulty section. It also identifies fault distance using a mathematical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Efficient calculations of the transient behaviour after disturbances of large-scale power systems are complex because of, among other things, the non-linearity and the stiffness of the overall state equation system (SES). Because of the rising amount of flexible transmission system elements, there is an increasing need for reduced order models with a negligible loss of accuracy. With the Extended Nodal Approach and the application of the singular perturbation method, it is possible to reduce the order of the SES adapted to the respective setting of the desired tasks and accuracy requirements.Design/methodology/approach Based on a differential-algebraic equation for the electric power system which is formulated with the Extended Nodal Approach, the automatic decomposition into reduced order models is shown in this paper. The paper investigates the effects of different coordinate systems for an automatic order reduction with the singular perturbation method, as well as a comparison of results calculated with the full and reduced order models.Findings The eigenvalues of the full system are approximated sufficiently by the three subsystems. A simulation example demonstrates the good agreement between the reduced order models and the full model independent of the choice of the coordinate system. The decomposed subsystems in rotating coordinates have benefits as compared to those in static coordinates.Originality/value The paper presents a systematic decomposition based only on a differential-algebraic equation system of the electric power system into three subsystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-mileage, multi-hour motorsport thattests the stamina of cars, of drivers, and ofspectators' abilities to keep drinking. European New Car Assessment Programme.Standardised car safety testing regime,founded in 1996 and whipped into shape byfirst chairman Max Mosley. Also the name for thesmall piece of paper left under the wipers ofcars such as the Aston Martin DBS, JaguarF-type and Ford Mustang V8 reading, 'Canyou PLEASE not start your car so loudly soearly in the morning. Sounds more excitingthan the cars it's sometimes attached to, e.g.Hyundai i30 Fastback, Rover 800 Fastback. [Extracted from the article]

When the drawer unit is pulled out from the image forming apparatus, the LED glows on the electric power accumulated in the capacitor. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conveyance unit further includes the motor." "Description of the Related Art "There has been conventionally known a configuration in which a drawer unit including a conveyance path is pulled out from an image forming apparatus so that a recording medium remaining in the image forming apparatus can be removed. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Filter Assembly" has been published online, which relates to filters for medical devices, specifically a filter assembly for use in insufflation systems. The filter assembly includes a filter medium, a housing, and at least one heating element. The heating element is positioned in the housing and is configured to heat the filter medium. The aim of the filter assembly is to address issues related to water levels in humidification chambers and the positioning of filters in insufflation systems. Another patent application discussed in the article involves the use of radio frequency identification technology in surgical procedures, but specific details about the application and its impact on healthcare are not provided. [Extracted from the article]

RAI Strategic Holdings Inc. has been issued a patent for a tobacco-containing smoking article. The patent outlines various methods and materials used in the production of cigarettes, including the use of metallic particles, carbonaceous particles, and aerosol-forming materials. It also discusses the use of tobacco substitute materials and different types of smoking articles. The patent provides a comprehensive overview of the components and techniques involved in manufacturing smoking articles that provide tobacco enjoyment without burning tobacco. The invention includes cigarettes that can be used with an electrically powered aerosol generating device, as well as smoking articles that incorporate tobacco within an electrically-powered, aerosol-generating device. The articles produce flavorful and satisfying aerosols that mimic the sensory characteristics of traditional smoking products. The patent provides detailed descriptions and claims for the design and components of the smoking articles. [Extracted from the article]

A report from North China Electric Power University in Beijing, People's Republic of China, discusses the use of laser-induced cavitation bubbles in various applications, such as hydraulic machinery cavitation erosion, atomization, and biomedicine. The research focuses on the dynamics of cavitation bubbles near different boundaries, including rigid walls, angular walls, particles, hydrofoils, and droplets. The study provides insights for future research in this field. Financial support for the research came from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of Hydrodynamics. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at North China Electric Power University in Beijing, China, explores the impact of users' energy use behavior on integrated energy systems (IES). The study proposes energy usage strategies based on integrated demand response (IDR) and develops a Stackelberg game-based simulation model that considers user-side flexible resources (FRs) and comfort cost. The research finds that the strategy developed with the consideration of FRs and consumer psychology can reduce the cost of purchasing energy for users by 17.14% and increase consumer surplus by 11.58%. The study also suggests that introducing user-side gas boilers and distributed energy storage can further benefit users and improve load regulation capabilities for integrated energy systems. [Extracted from the article]

South Korea is considering the need for more nuclear power plants in order to achieve its climate targets and reduce reliance on coal. According to a report by the Korea Energy Information Culture Agency, atomic power would need to account for 40% to 45% of electricity supply, up from the current 30%, in order for South Korea to achieve net-zero emissions by mid-century. Renewables would also need to increase to 35%, with natural gas and carbon-free sources making up the remainder. The government is considering plans to start construction on new nuclear reactors as early as this year. [Extracted from the article]

This article features an interview with a representative from Google DeepMind, discussing the potential of AI to revolutionize industries, benefit society, and drive scientific breakthroughs. The interview highlights the advancements made by Google DeepMind's AI model in predicting protein structures and provides examples of how AI can support learning and enhance scientific research. The importance of team composition, collaboration, responsible deployment of AI, and the positive impacts of AI in various sectors are also discussed. The article concludes with the author expressing excitement about the human stories and benefits that AI technology can bring. [Extracted from the article]

The patent application titled "Smoking Articles And Use Thereof For Yielding Inhalation Materials" describes a smoking article that aims to provide the sensations of smoking without burning tobacco or producing combustion products. The article utilizes an electrical heating element and power source to deliver an inhalable substance in vapor or aerosol form. The invention aims to create a consistent and satisfying smoking experience while minimizing the release of harmful substances. The application provides detailed descriptions of the various components and embodiments of the article, including a housing, control segment, chamber for a cartridge, electrical power source, and additional features such as a puff-actuated switch, flow regulating component, indicators, and a heater. [Extracted from the article]