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In this paper, we propose a system that immediately informs a driver that he/she is pressing the accelerator pedal by means of a tactile vibration of the pedal. An experiment has been conducted with a driving simulator to investigate whether the pedal vibration system is effective in preventing pedal misapplication accidents and whether it is accepted to drivers. We induced pedal misapplications on a driving simulator and observed reactions of experiment participants. As a result, it was found that the pedal vibration system allowed drivers to notice pedal misapplication more quickly and to correct their foot position more rapidly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report describes the usage, specification, troubles and the countermeasures of dry pumps in Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). In J-PARC, while dry scroll pumps (DSP) are widely used, many of them are being replaced with roots pumps due to frequent maintenance and troubles of DSP. Some of the facilities use roots pumps with special specifications, such as radiation resistant specifications, separate power supply, and with diaphragm type, etc. Although some problems have occurred with both DSPs and roots pumps, they have been addressed by revising maintenance methods and improving parts, contributing to stable operation for users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving the energy balance of electric vehicles (battery electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles) is one of the major issues for their widespread use. In this paper, we propose a mechanism that appropriately utilizes the coasting state that allows the vehicle to move far away without using any energy. The mechanism is not a gear shift to the neutral range but an accelerator pedal operation support. For the purpose of reducing unnecessary accelerator pedal work, we have experimentally verified the enhancement of functionality that gives vibration feedback to driver of a vehicle according to the position of the accelerator pedal and traction battery power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1962, the Science Council of Japan recommended to the government a future plan for nuclear research proposed by the Special Committee for Nuclear Research. At the center of the plan was the construction of Japan's first internationally competitive high-energy accelerator. In the debate over the accelerator type, while the technical considerations on the initial novel proposal failed to converge, skeptics took the lead and the majority eventually settled on a conventional and more reliable type. This is a case that illustrates the characteristics of an advanced large-scale device, where it is impossible to verify nor falsify its design before construction, and a social decision is required. The conflict over the type and its termination, however, contributed to the realization of the project by increasing the confidence of the parties involved, and also encouraged the formation of an independent group of high-energy researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we proposed a method to artificially make a pedal misapplication on a driving simulator. Specifically, we used a method of remotely changing the pedal position so that the driver would not notice it. As a result, we were able to confirm the experimental participants who continued to step on the accelerator pedal without releasing it after pedal misapplication errors, as in recent accidents. It was possible to quantitatively investigate the driver reaction at the time of a pedal misapplication, which was difficult to observe in previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automobile exhaust emission has a serious impact on the environment. Driver models are currently used to predict the amount of CO2 emitted from vehicles, but the current models are inadequate as they do not capture the real road traffic environment. So, it is necessary to clarify the effects of traffic environments on driving operation under real-world driving conditions. In this study, how the driver’s accelerator operation, which has a large impact on CO2 emission behavior, was analyzed. Actual driving experiments using hybrid vehicles on multiple routes on public roads and highways were conducted in the Tokyo metropolitan area, and various data on traffic environments were collected and analyzed. To conduct the analysis, a driving model of a hybrid vehicle were created and which information about the traffic environment influences the driver’s driving operation were examined. Then, a multiple regression model to predict the amount of accelerator operation by the driver was created based on this information. In order to improve the accuracy of the model, a modified version of the model that takes into account the driver’s reaction time and the decision to accelerate off was developed. Finally, the created models were fitted to test data on general roads and highways to verify their accuracy and to analyze the magnitude of the influence of each traffic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Japanese Journal of Swine Science / Nihon Yoton Gakkaishi is the property of Japanese Society of Swine Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Radiation Biology Research Communications / Houshasen Seibutsu Kenkyuu is the property of Radiation Biology Research Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study focused on pedal misapplication accidents which have become a social problem. A driving simulator was used to reproduce the situation in which missteps are likely to occur, which was extracted from Japan Traffic Accidents In-Depth Database. We analyzed the pedal operation when the vehicle was stopped and when it was restarted. The stepping method that inverts the ankle joint requires less movement than the stepping method that moves the entire leg, making it easier to step on the accelerator side when braking. In startled situations, pedal depression speed was shown to increase, which could lead to unintended acceleration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rigakuryoho Kagaku is the property of International Press Editing Center Incorporation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Milk Science is the property of Japanese Dairy Science Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We considered the test method of Real Driving Emissions (RDE) for heavy-duty vehicle. In the last report, we proposed Model Based Testing (MBT) approach, which combinates HILS (Hardware In the Loop Simulation) and engine bench system, which is called Extended-HILS. In this second report, we constructed the MBT method of RDE, which is called RDE-HILS. This HILS program has Vehicle model, Driver model and Virtual Road model, which is reproduced the real road conditions of straight road, curved road and road gradient. We estimated the emissions from commercial truck and RDE-HILS and verified the RDE of heavy-duty vehicle by using this MBT approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EXAFS is powerful to obtain the structure information around the X-ray absorbing atom at the atomic size level. EXAFS is usually analyzed by the curve fitting method, one of the least square methods to optimize structure parameters. However, the curve fitting method demands the experience of scientists when they analyze the EXAFS of materials with complex structures. In particular, the following two items make the analysis difficult especially for beginners ; 1. the dependence on the initial selection of the fitting parameters, 2. fitting errors caused by their correlation. We developed a new method, called as Constrained Thorough Search (CTS) method to solve these problems. The CTS method searches the whole parameter space under constrained conditions to extract the structure candidates. We describe the details of the CTS method with their results. We also applied the machine learning method to CTS results which allows us to conduct the analysis more objectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In wind energy projects, onsite measurements are conducted to evaluate the amount of resource or to ensure the conformity of site conditions for wind turbines. The missing of observation is sometime compensated using the MCP method. The uncertainty of the MCP method can be examined using the prediction model. However, it is not clear how to estimate the accuracy of final dataset consisting of observed data and data compensated by the MCP method. In this study, formulas to estimate the accuracy of this final dataset considering data availability are proposed and its applicability is validated by onsite measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of electropolishing conditions on the outgassing properties of austenitic stainless steel (SUS316L) electropolished by a wiping method (WiEP) and an immersion method (ImEP) was investigated using thermal desorption spectroscopy. In the case of electropolishing by the WiEP in which the metal surface was wiped with an electrolyte–solution–impregnated felt wiper cathode, the SUS316L surface became smoother and the amount of outgassing decreased as the applied voltage (4–8 V) increased. In the case of electropolishing by the ImEP, the SUS316L surface became smoother and the amount of outgassing decreased as the current density (8–15 A dm−2 ) increased. After electropolishing by the WiEP at higher applied voltages and the ImEP at higher current densities, diffusible hydrogen desorbed from the SUS316L surface below 723 K was almost completely removed, however most of the non–diffusible hydrogen remained. These results suggest that the migration of diffusible hydrogen to the SUS316L surface is enhanced by the increase in the applied voltage of electropolishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Astronomical Herald is the property of Astronomical Society of Japan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To estimate the on-road emissions of the light-duty vehicles, Real Driving Emission (RDE) testing method is adopted. At Japanese RDE test, it is possible to drive the test vehicle at test course. When we drive the test vehicle at test course, we have to follow the reference vehicle velocity pattern as well as Chassis dynamometer test. But it is difficult to measure the correct emissions data and to safe at the driving test. In this study, to obtain more correct RDE data, we adopted the driving robot, which is consist of the compact size and the simple simulation logic of the driving operation. By using this driving robot, it was possible to keep the equity, efficiency and safety at RDE test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Japan Research Association for Textile End-Uses / Sen'i Seihin Shohi Kagaku is the property of Japan Research Association for Textile End-Uses / Sen'i Seihin Shohi Kagaku and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fujitsu Tekunikaru Rebyu is the property of Fujitsu Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fujitsu Tekunikaru Rebyu is the property of Fujitsu Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Antarctic Record / Nankyoku Shiryo is the property of National Institute of Polar Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

E-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology (e-JSSNT) is an electric journal published by the Japan Society of Vacuum and Surface Science since 2003, and this year marks its 20th anniversary. To commemorate this event, a special issue "Progress of Vacuum and Surface Science and Technology in the Early 21st Century" is published with six papers from different research fields reviewing research progress over the past 20 years (or since the beginning of the 21st century). We hope that this issue will give each researcher a hint for future research development by looking back the paths we have taken. The preface and the review papers are also published in English in e-JSSNT, Vol. 21, Issue 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of West Asian Archaeology / Nishiajia Kōkogaku is the property of Japanese Society for West Asian Archaeology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Gunma Museum of Natural History is the property of Gunma Museum of Natural History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)