384 results on '"Berthel M"'
Search Results
2. Health benefits of physical activity in older patients: a review.
- Author
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Vogel, T., Brechat, P.-H., Leprêtre, P.-M., Kaltenbach, G., Berthel, M., and Lonsdorfer, J.
- Abstract
As the number of elderly persons in our country increases, more attention is being given to geriatric healthcare needs and successful ageing is becoming an important topic in medical literature. Concept of successful ageing is in first line on a preventive approach of care for older people. Promotion of regular physical activity is one of the main non-pharmaceutical measures proposed to older subjects as low rate of physical activity is frequently noticed in this age group. Moderate but regular physical activity is associated with a reduction in total mortality among older people, a positive effect on primary prevention of coronary heart disease and a significant benefit on the lipid profile. Improving body composition with a reduction in fat mass, reducing blood pressure and prevention of stroke, as well as type 2 diabetes, are also well established. Prevention of some cancers (especially that of breast and colon), increasing bone density and prevention of falls are also reported. Moreover, some longitudinal studies suggest that physical activity is linked to a reduced risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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3. Scintillator-Based High-Throughput Fast Timing Spectroscopy for Real-Time Range Verification in Particle Therapy.
- Author
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Pausch, G., Petzoldt, J., Berthel, M., Enghardt, W., Fiedler, F., Golnik, C., Hueso-Gonzalez, F., Lentering, R., Romer, K., Ruhnau, K., Stein, J., Wolf, A., and Kormoll, T.
- Subjects
SCINTILLATORS ,SPECTRUM analysis ,GAMMA rays ,STATISTICS ,ACQUISITION of data - Abstract
Range verification of particle beams in real time is considered a key for tapping the full potential of radio-oncological particle therapies. The novel technique of prompt gamma-ray timing (PGT), recently proposed and explored in first proof-of-principle experiments, promises range assessment at reasonable expense but challenges detectors, electronics, and data acquisition. Energy-selected time distributions have to be measured at very high throughput rates to obtain the statistics necessary for range verification with single pencil beam spots. Clinically applicable systems should provide a time resolution of about 200 ps, to be obtained with large (about 2” diameter) scintillators, detector loads in the few-Mcps range, and data acquisition rates around 1 Mcps, if possible with compact and inexpensive systems. Such requirements can be met best with CeBr3 scintillators read out with conventional photomultiplier tubes, coupled to commercial but customized electronics featuring high-resolution pulse digitization and fast digital signal processing. The paper deduces design parameters from the constraints given by typical treatment conditions, and presents first results obtained with prototype detectors and electronics developed in accordance with the derived specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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4. Fast timing with BGO (and other scintillators) on digital silicon photomultipliers for Prompt Gamma Imaging.
- Author
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Petzoldt, J., Romer, K., Kormoll, T., Berthel, M., Dreyer, A., Enghardt, W., Fiedler, F., Hueso-Gonzalez, F., Golnik, C., Kirschke, T., Wagner, A., and Pausch, G.
- Published
- 2014
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5. Test of a compton imaging prototype at the ELBE bremsstrahlung beam.
- Author
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Hueso-Gonzalez, F., Golnik, C., Berthel, M., Dreyer, A., Enghardt, W., Fiedler, F., Heidel, K., Kormoll, T., Rohling, H., Schone, S., Schwengner, R., Wagner, A., and Pausch, G.
- Published
- 2013
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6. Impact of short-term aerobic interval training on maximal exercise in sedentary aged subjects.
- Author
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Lepretre, P.-M., Vogel, T., Brechat, P.-H., Dufour, S., Richard, R., Kaltenbach, G., Berthel, M., and Lonsdorfer, J.
- Abstract
Background: Ageing is known to be associated with a decrease in peak oxygen consumption (VO
2peak ) and maximal tolerated power (MTP). Regular physical exercise is the most appropriate to improve aerobic capacity, but its effect still remained discussed in old people. Design: The aim of this study was to determine whether a short interval training session would be associated with improvements in exercise efficiency in aged subjects in both genders. Methods: In all, 19 women and 16 men (65.4 ± 4.9 years) performed a cycle incremental exercise test before and after a 9-week period of aerobic interval training (twice a week, 30 min session where 6 × 4-min at the first ventilatory threshold alternated with 1-min at the second ventilatory threshold) with cycle ergometer. Minute ventilation (MV), O2 uptake (VO2 ) and CO2 output (VCO2 ) were measured breath-by-breath and by an open-circuit metabolic cart. Results: Before training, maximal values of MV (MMV), VO2peak , heart rate, systolic blood pressure, MTP, blood lactate at MTP recovery and the power at the first (pVT1 ) and second ventilatory thresholds (pVT2 ) were higher in men compared with women. Nine weeks of interval training induced a significant increase in MMV, VO2peak , MTP, pVT1 and pVT2 and decrease in systolic blood pressure in the same way in men than in women, without any significant effect on their maximal heart rate values. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the age-related declines in aerobic index are attenuated by a short exercise interval training sessions in women and men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2009
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7. "Older, Faster, Stronger": The Multiple Benefits of Masters Sport Participation.
- Author
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Deck, Sarah, Doherty, Alison, Hall, Craig, Schneider, Angela, Patil, Swarali, and Belfry, Glen
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WELL-being ,SPORTS participation ,CONFIDENCE ,AGE distribution ,PHYSICAL training & conditioning ,EXERCISE physiology ,COGNITION ,INTERVIEWING ,OLDER athletes ,SEX distribution ,EXPERIENCE ,PHYSICAL activity ,SOCIAL skills ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
While masters sport aligns with the holistic concept of active aging, related research has focused predominantly on the physical domain, and less is known about the psychological, cognitive, and social benefits of older adults' participation. This study examined, in combination, the perceived psychological, social, cognitive, and physical benefits of training and competing as a masters athlete, while considering age and gender differences. Forty masters athletes residing in Canada were interviewed (21 men and 19 women; 15 who were 50–64 years and 25 who were 65–79 years), representing 15 different sports. Interviews were coded both deductively and inductively, revealing several subthemes of benefits for the broader perceived psychological, social, cognitive, and physical benefits, with few but notable differences between women and men, and those younger than 65 years and those 65+ years. Our findings provide new insights into the positive experiences of active aging associated with high levels of physical activity among older adults, such as greater self-confidence, especially for women, comradery, and feeling mentally sharper, especially for the older age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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8. Timing of pulsed prompt gamma rays for background discrimination.
- Author
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Hueso-Gonzalez, F., Golnik, C., Berthel, M., Dreyer, A., Enghardt, W., Fiedler, F., Heidel, K., Kormoll, T., Rohling, H., Schone, S., Schwengner, R., Wagner, A., and Pausch, G.
- Abstract
In the context of particle therapy, particle range verification is a major challenge for the quality assurance of the treatment. One approach is the measurement of the prompt gamma rays resulting from the tissue irradiation. A Compton camera based on several planes of position sensitive gamma ray detectors, together with an imaging algorithm, is expected to reconstruct the prompt gamma ray emission density profile, which is correlated with the dose distribution. At Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) and OncoRay, a camera prototype has been developed consisting of two scatter planes (CdZnTe cross strip detectors) and an absorber plane (Lu2SiO5 block detector). The data acquisition is based on VME electronics and handled by software developed on the ROOT platform. The prototype was tested at the linear electron accelerator ELBE at HZDR, which was set up to produce bunched bremsstrahlung photons. Their spectrum has similarities with the one expected from prompt gamma rays in the clinical case, and these are also bunched with the accelerator frequency. The time correlation between the pulsed prompt photons and the measured signals was used for background discrimination, achieving a time resolution of 3 ns (2 ns) FWHM for the CZT (LSO) detector. A timewalk correction was applied for the LSO detector and improved its resolution to 1 ns. In conclusion, the detectors are suitable for time-resolved background discrimination in pulsed clinical particle accelerators. Ongoing tasks are the test of the imaging algorithms and the quantitative comparison with simulations. Further experiments will be performed at proton accelerators. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
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9. Engineering collagen-based biomaterials for cardiovascular medicine.
- Author
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Zuo, Xianghao, Xiao, Yao, Yang, Jing, He, Yuanmeng, He, Yunxiang, Liu, Kai, Chen, Xiaoping, and Guo, Junling
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BLOOD vessel prosthesis ,DRUG delivery systems ,TISSUE engineering ,THERAPEUTICS ,HEART cells - Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of global mortality and disability. In addition to traditional drug and surgical treatment, more and more studies investigate tissue engineering therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular medicine. Collagen interweaves in the form of trimeric chains to form the physiological network framework of the extracellular matrix of cardiac and vascular cells, possessing excellent biological properties (such as low immunogenicity and good biocompatibility) and adjustable mechanical properties, which renders it a vital tissue engineering biomaterial for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, promising advances have been made in the application of collagen materials in blood vessel prostheses, injectable cardiac hydrogels, cardiac patches, and hemostatic materials, although their clinical translation still faces some obstacles. Thus, we reviewed these findings and systematically summarizes the application progress as well as problems of clinical translation of collagen biomaterials in the cardiovascular field. The present review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the application of collagen biomaterials in cardiovascular medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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10. Understanding the Effects of Manufacturing Attributes on Damage Tolerance of Additively Manufactured Parts and Exploring Synergy Among Process‐Structure‐Properties. A Comprehensive Review.
- Author
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Uddin, Zia, Butt, Muhammad Muteeb, Kvvssn, Varma, Salamci, Metin U., and Kizil, Hüseyin
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SELECTIVE laser melting ,FATIGUE life ,FRACTURE mechanics ,STRESS fractures (Orthopedics) ,EVIDENCE gaps - Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the production industry by offering design freedom with shorter lead times and reduced material wastage. However, the damage tolerance (DT) of AM parts is a significant concern due to their microstructural and geometric complexities, which affect their mechanical performance. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the manufacturing parameters affecting the components produced by AM specifically selective laser melting (SLM). Detailed discussions are presented on the effects of manufacturing attributes on the microstructure, defects, and mechanical characteristics of AM parts. Depending on these aspects, basic concepts are studied and critically explained specifically for AM materials. The basic criterion for damage‐tolerant component design, the criterion for fatigue and fracture properties, and the effect of the defects on fatigue life are critically presented. In addition, the effect of different types of gradation on the crack growth behavior of samples processed by SLM is also investigated in depth. There is currently a lack of a specific review study in the literature that establishes a connection between process attributes and metallographic properties, and their impact on the damage behavior of additively manufactured parts. This gap in research highlights the need for a comprehensive review to bridge this knowledge deficit and provide valuable insights for understanding the relationships between manufacturing processes, material characteristics, and the structural integrity of additively manufactured components. This review concludes by addressing the challenges and opportunities in designing and qualifying AM parts for damage tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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11. Advances in melt electrowriting for cardiovascular applications.
- Author
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Mueller, Kilian Maria Arthur, Mansi, Salma, De-Juan-Pardo, Elena M., and Mela, Petra
- Published
- 2024
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12. Influence of strut angle and radius on the energy absorption and failure mechanisms in 3-strut, 4-strut and 6-strut lattice structures.
- Author
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Ture, Mustafa Okan and Evis, Zafer
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- 2024
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13. Exercise, Neuroprotective Exerkines, and Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.
- Author
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Mitchell, Alexandra K., Bliss, Rebecca R., and Church, Frank C.
- Subjects
PARKINSON'S disease ,ALZHEIMER'S disease ,RESISTANCE training ,EXERCISE therapy ,NEURODEGENERATION - Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease in which treatment often includes an exercise regimen. Exercise is neuroprotective in animal models of PD, and, more recently, human clinical studies have verified exercise's disease-modifying effect. Aerobic exercise and resistance training improve many of PD's motor and non-motor symptoms, while neuromotor therapy and stretching/flexibility exercises positively contribute to the quality of life in people with PD. Therefore, understanding the role of exercise in managing this complex disorder is crucial. Exerkines are bioactive substances that are synthesized and released during exercise and have been implicated in several positive health outcomes, including neuroprotection. Exerkines protect neuronal cells in vitro and rodent PD models in vivo. Aerobic exercise and resistance training both increase exerkine levels in the blood, suggesting a role for exerkines in the neuroprotective theory. Many exerkines demonstrate the potential for protecting the brain against pathological missteps caused by PD. Every person (people) with Parkinson's (PwP) needs a comprehensive exercise plan tailored to their unique needs and abilities. Here, we provide an exercise template to help PwP understand the importance of exercise for treating PD, describe barriers confronting many PwP in their attempt to exercise, provide suggestions for overcoming these barriers, and explore the role of exerkines in managing PD. In conclusion, exercise and exerkines together create a powerful neuroprotective system that should contribute to slowing the chronic progression of PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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14. Ethosuximide-loaded bismuth ferrite nanoparticles as a potential drug delivery system for the treatment of epilepsy disease.
- Author
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Guldorum, Yeliz, Ayran, Musa, Bulut, Burcak, Ilgar, Sule, Ulag, Songul, Kanli, Zehra, Aydin, Banu, Gulhan, Rezzan, Bedir, Tuba, Gunduz, Oguzhan, and Narayan, Roger J.
- Subjects
TARGETED drug delivery ,DRUG delivery systems ,BISMUTH iron oxide ,DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry ,PHARMACOKINETICS - Abstract
Encapsulating antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including ethosuximide (Etho), into nanoparticles shows promise in treating epilepsy. Nanomedicine may be the most significant contributor to addressing this issue. It presents several advantages compared to traditional drug delivery methods and is currently a prominent area of focus in cancer research. Incorporating Etho into bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles within diverse controlled drug delivery systems is explored to enhance drug efficacy. This approach is primarily desired to aid in targeted drug delivery to the brain's deepest regions while limiting transplacental permeability, reducing fetal exposure, and mitigating associated adverse effects. In this investigation, we explored Etho, an antiepileptic drug commonly employed for treating absence seizures, as the active ingredient in BFO nanoparticles at varying concentrations (10 and 15 mg). Characterization of the drug-containing BFO nanoparticles involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis. The thermal properties of the drug-containing BFO nanoparticles were evaluated via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. Cytotoxicity evaluations using the MTT assay were conducted on all nanoparticles, and human neuroblastoma cell line cultures (SH-SY5Y) were treated with each particle over multiple time intervals. Cell viability remained at 135% after 7 days when exposed to 15 mg of Etho in BFO nanoparticles. Additionally, in vitro drug release kinetics for Etho revealed sustained release lasting up to 5 hours with a drug concentration of 15 mg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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15. Lifestyle Factors, Sociodemographic Characteristics and Incident Hypertension: A Prospective Analysis of the Korean National Health Insurance Service Sample Cohort.
- Author
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Lee, Jung-Eun, Kityo, Anthony, and Lee, Sang-Ah
- Subjects
PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,NATIONAL health insurance ,POOR women ,SELF-evaluation ,PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a significant chronic disease globally, and lifestyle modifications are crucial for the prevention of this disease. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of the associations between lifestyle factors and the incidence of hypertension, stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: We analyzed 113,022 adults (65,315 men), aged 20 years or older from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort 2.0 who participated in health screening between 2002 and 2003. Lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, physical activity) were assessed at baseline using self reports, and incident hypertension was defined based on physician diagnoses. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess associations. Results: During an 11.6-year follow-up, 26,812 new cases of hypertension were identified. The risk of hypertension was high among men and women who smoked over 20 cigarettes daily (men: hazard ratio [HR]: 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.21; women: HR: 1.62; 95% CI 1.17–2.25) and those who drank over 1.5 bottles of alcohol daily (men, HR: 1.18; 95% CI, 1.12–1.24; women, HR: 1.23; 95% CI 1.02–1.47). These associations tended to be high in high-income men (HR: 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04–1.14), low-income women (HR: 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05–1.35) and non-obese women (HR: 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01–1.27) who currently smoked. Physical activity was inversely associated with incident hypertension in men (HR: 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.99). Conclusions: Unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as heavy smoking and drinking, was associated with an increased risk of hypertension, with variations by income, BMI, and sex. These findings underscore the importance of tailored, population-specific prevention strategies to address hypertension disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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16. VR-based body tracking to stimulate musculoskeletal training.
- Author
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Neidhardt, M., Gerlach, S., Schmidt, F. N., Fiedler, I. A. K., Grube, S., Busse, B., and Schlaefer, A.
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VIRTUAL reality ,MUSCULOSKELETAL emergencies ,EVALUATION ,BODY movement ,ADDUCTION - Abstract
Training helps to maintain and improve sufficient muscle function, body control, and body coordination. These are important to reduce the risk of fracture incidents caused by falls, especially for the elderly or people recovering from injury. Virtual reality training can offer a cost-effective and individualized training experience. We present an application for the HoloLens 2 to enable musculoskeletal training for elderly and impaired persons to allow for autonomous training and automatic progress evaluation. We designed a virtual downhill skiing scenario that is controlled by body movement to stimulate balance and body control. By adapting the parameters of the ski slope, we can tailor the intensity of the training to individual users. In this work, we evaluate whether the movement data of the HoloLens 2 alone is sufficient to control and predict body movement and joint angles during musculoskeletal training.We record the movements of 10 healthy volunteers with external tracking cameras and track a set of body and joint angles of the participant during training. We estimate correlation coefficients and systematically analyze whether whole body movement can be derived from the movement data of the HoloLens 2. No participant reports movement sickness effects and all were able to quickly interact and control their movement during skiing. Our results show a high correlation between HoloLens 2 movement data and the external tracking of the upper body movement and joint angles of the lower limbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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17. P14.49 Primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as dementia: do not forget IL10 in CSF analysis.
- Author
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Blain, A, Brinet, A, Berthel, M, Camoyret, A, Gaultier, C, Droy-Dupré, L, Oesterlé, H, Hurstel, R, Debliquis, A, Costopoulos, M, Garff-Tavernier, M Le, Sellal, F, and Ahle, G
- Published
- 2019
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18. Factors Influencing Long-Term Care Workers' Self-Efficacy for Encouraging Residents to Engage in Physical Activity.
- Author
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Doran, Kelly and Resnick, Barbara
- Subjects
HOSPITAL medical staff ,SOCIAL support ,REGRESSION analysis ,SELF-efficacy ,PHYSICAL activity ,NURSES ,JOB satisfaction ,LONG-term health care - Abstract
We aimed to assess work-related factors and their association with long-term care workers' self-efficacy for encouraging and engaging residents in physical activity. Baseline data from a worksite wellness study with 98 workers were used. We used a linear regression model, to assess if job satisfaction, work ability, and social support for staff health behaviors from coworkers and supervisors were associated with staffs' self-efficacy for Function-Focused Care (FFC) and Staffs' Outcome Expectations for FFC. Staffs' social support for healthy behaviors from coworkers was the only factor that was significantly associated with Staffs' Outcome Expectations for FFC and staffs' self-efficacy-FFC, respectively explaining 19% and 14% of the variance. Our findings show that staffs' social support from coworkers is associated with higher self-efficacy for encouraging and engaging residents in physical activity suggests future worksite wellness studies with long-term care workers may wish to consider assessing program impacts on residents' physical activity levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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19. Physical Exercise and Life Satisfaction of Urban Residents in China.
- Author
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Ha, Buerzhasala and Zhang, Jie
- Subjects
LIFE satisfaction ,CITY dwellers ,URBAN life ,PANEL analysis ,EXERCISE tests - Abstract
Currently, an increasing number of Chinese urban citizens are participating in daily physical exercise. Existing research has shown that physical exercise can increase life satisfaction. However, some studies also suggest that the relationship between the two is unstable. The purposes of this study are to examine physical exercise and to test its correlation with life satisfaction of urban residents in China. Data are obtained from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies, and we focus on urban residents. Our overall sample size is 7423 people, including 3641 females (49.05%) and 3782 males (50.95%), with an average age of 49.55 years old. Because the dependent variables are continuous variables, the multiple linear regression model is used for data analysis. We find that the life satisfaction of Chinese urban residents is on the high side. Our core discovery is that there is a significant positive relationship between the frequency and duration of physical exercise and life satisfaction. Our further discovery is that the frequency of physical exercise affects life satisfaction by influencing popularity and positive emotions. Similarly, the duration of physical exercise affects life satisfaction by influencing popularity and positive emotions. Whether it is the frequency or the duration of physical exercise, it can reflect the residents' attention to physical exercise. Physical exercise habits not only promote physical health by strengthening physical fitness but also promote mental health by alleviating depression and promote social communication by increasing social activities in the Chinese context. All of these can improve people's life satisfaction. Our research suggests that the improvement in life satisfaction not only needs the abundance of external material conditions but also needs the individual to improve their physical and mental health through physical exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. Engaging in and Sustaining Physical Activity and Exercise: A Descriptive Qualitative Study of Adults 65 Years and Older Using the Self-Determination Theory.
- Author
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Mappanasingam, Anittha, Madigan, Katelyn, Kalu, Michael E., Maximos, Melody, and Dal Bello-Haas, Vanina
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EXERCISE & psychology ,HEALTH attitudes ,QUALITATIVE research ,AUTONOMY (Psychology) ,INDEPENDENT living ,DATA analysis ,HEALTH status indicators ,RESEARCH funding ,PHYSICAL fitness centers ,INTERVIEWING ,CONSUMER attitudes ,JUDGMENT sampling ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CONFIDENCE ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGY ,THEMATIC analysis ,HEALTH behavior ,RESEARCH methodology ,STATISTICS ,HAPPINESS ,PHYSICAL fitness ,THEORY ,DATA analysis software ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,PHYSICAL activity ,SELF-perception ,SOCIAL participation ,OLD age - Abstract
Introduction: Physical activity (PA) and exercise (EX) participation rates have not been increasing among older adults, with many not meeting recommended guidelines. This qualitative descriptive study examined factors influencing engagement in PA within and outside an older adult fitness club context, using self-determination theory (SDT). Methods: Thirty-seven community-dwelling adults 65 years and older participated in focus groups or telephone interviews. Two researchers independently coded and analyzed transcript data inductively and deductively using SDT. Results: Two broad themes, The Spectrum of Motivating Factors and Facilitators and Barriers, and nine sub-themes, Physical Activity and Exercise Brings Me Joy; Meaningful Personal Impetuses; I Get Active with a Little Help from my Spouse and Others; I See Changes and Improvements (Theme 1); I Can Do This; Connections and Sense of Belonging; I Cannot Do This; Setting, Environment, and People Supports; and Pragmatics (Theme 2), emerged from the data. All participants discussed several motivating factors: enjoyment, managing health conditions, being held 'to account' by others, opportunities for socialization, and seeing improvements in health and well-being. A lack of supportive environments, knowledgeable staff and suitable settings and programs were cited as barriers by participants who were not older adult fitness club members. Discussion: Factors along the extrinsic to intrinsic regulation continuum facilitated or hindered community-dwelling older adults to engage in and sustain PA within and outside an older adult fitness club context. The findings underscore the need for programs, settings, environments, and related components to be expressly older-adult-tailored to enhance motivation through competence, autonomy, and relatedness support for maximal engagement and participation in PA or EX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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21. Microsurgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms by a single surgeon's experience: why should we preserve the neurosurgical skills in our health areas?
- Author
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LA PIRA, Biagia, PICOTTI, Veronica, ZAPPALÀ, Marta, MAIOLA, Vincenza, PESCE, Alessandro, FRATI, Alessandro, SANTORO, Antonio, and D'ANDREA, Giancarlo
- Published
- 2024
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22. Unique Characteristics of Quadriceps Muscle Morphology and Function in Older Tennis Players.
- Author
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Yoshiko, Akito, Beppu, Moroe, Chosa, Naoki, and Watanabe, Kohei
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SKELETAL muscle physiology ,QUADRICEPS muscle physiology ,KNEE joint ,MUSCULAR atrophy ,ULTRASONIC imaging ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,ATHLETES ,MUSCLE strength ,TENNIS ,ATHLETIC ability ,OLD age - Abstract
We investigated the quadriceps muscle size and quantitative characteristics in older tennis players. Thirty-eight senior tennis players (70.8 ± 5.3 years) and 38 controls (71.6 ± 5.1 years) were included. To measure the muscle size and quality, we measured muscle thickness in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and muscle echo intensity in the RF and vastus lateralis using B-mode transverse ultrasound, respectively. We measured knee extension peak torque for muscle function. Muscle thickness in the RF, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were significantly larger in tennis players than in controls. Tennis players had a lower echo intensity in RF and a higher knee extension peak torque compared to controls. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis implied that echo intensity and muscle thickness were predictors of knee extension peak torque. Higher muscle quality contributes to a higher knee extension peak torque in tennis players. Playing tennis may prevent age-related muscle atrophy and maintain muscle quality in older individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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23. Chemistry and biology of specialized metabolites produced by Actinomadura.
- Author
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Dashti, Yousef and Errington, Jeff
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METABOLITES ,GRAM-positive bacteria ,ECOLOGICAL niche ,BIOLOGY ,BIOACTIVE compounds - Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2022 In recent years rare Actinobacteria have become increasingly recognised as a rich source of novel bioactive metabolites. Actinomadura are Gram-positive bacteria that occupy a wide range of ecological niches. This review highlights about 230 secondary metabolites produced by Actinomadura spp., reported until the end of 2022, including their bioactivities and selected biosynthetic pathways. Notably, the bioactive compounds produced by Actinomadura spp. demonstrate a wide range of activities, including antimicrobial, antitumor and anticoccidial effects, highlighting their potential in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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24. Establishing the function relationship between time spectrum and proton range in proton therapy through Monte Carlo simulation.
- Author
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He, Yibo, Tong, Xin, Li, Yuhan, Cheng, Jingyi, Zhou, Rong, Kogler, Toni, and Jacquet, Maxime
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MONTE Carlo method ,PROTON therapy ,GAMMA ray sources ,GAMMA rays ,PROTONS ,PROTON beams - Abstract
To validate range shifts in proton therapy, we investigated the potential of using the temporal information of prompt gamma rays as an indicator. We simulated the proton transport process using Monte Carlo simulations and used a geometric scorer to obtain the location and timing of prompt gamma ray production. By using a homogeneous target material in the simulation model, we established a fitted relationship between the range of 90-210 MeV protons and the corresponding temporal spectral width. Additionally, by introducing air cavities of 2-20 mm in simulations of inhomogeneous target materials, we observed significant correlations between the range offsets and the temporal spectral widths. These correlations were fitted to derive a functional relationship between the two variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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25. Citric Acid Loaded Hydrogel-Coated Stent for Dissolving Pancreatic Duct Calculi.
- Author
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Li, Jing, Lv, Yanwei, Chen, Zheng, Zhao, Jiulong, and Wang, Shige
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CITRIC acid ,HYDROGELS in medicine ,PANCREATIC duct ,ABDOMINAL pain ,PANCREATITIS ,MECHANICAL behavior of materials - Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of chronic pancreatitis has increased significantly. Pancreatic calculi obstruct the pancreatic duct and induce abdominal pain in the patients. Pancreatic duct stenting is the major treatment option for chronic pancreatitis with calculi. In this study, a new kind of drug-eluting stent, a pancreatic stent coated by methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel loaded with citric acid (CA), was designed for the interventional treatment of pancreatic duct calculi. The CA loading capacity reached up to 0.7 g CA/g hydrogel-coated stent. The GelMA hydrogel coating has higher mechanical strength and lower swelling performance after loading with CA. The in vitro experiments of stents exhibited good performance in CA sustained release and the calculi can be dissolved in almost 3 days. The stents also showed good blood compatibility and cell compatibility. This research has important clinical value in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic calculi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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26. The influence of tai chi on the death anxiety of elderly people living alone: the chain mediating effect of social support and psychological capital.
- Author
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Jiali Zhou, Baoyuan Wu, Lining Su, and Xiujie Ma
- Subjects
LIVING alone ,TAI chi ,SOCIAL support ,OLDER people ,ANXIETY ,FRAIL elderly - Abstract
Background: Population aging is a global trend, and the number of older adults living alone is increasing. Tai chi, a traditional Chinese exercise, has been shown to improve the physical and mental health of older adults. Aim: To investigate the effects of tai chi on death anxiety in older adults living alone and the role of social support and psychological capital in this relationship. Method: A cross-sectional study of 493 older adults living alone in four cities in southwestern China. Participants were assessed using questionnaires on tai chi practice, social support, psychological capital, and death anxiety. Results: Tai chi practice significantly reduced death anxiety in older adults living alone. It also positively correlated with social support and psychological capital, both of which negatively correlated with death anxiety. Social support and psychological capital mediated the relationship between tai chi practice and death anxiety, suggesting that tai chi may reduce death anxiety through these factors. These findings encourage older adults living alone to practice tai chi, as it may improve their mental and physical health and reduce their risk of death anxiety. Conclusion: Tai chi practice may reduce death anxiety in older adults living alone through the chain-mediated effects of social support and psychological capital. This suggests that tai chi may be a beneficial intervention for older adults living alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Exploring Factors Associated with Physical Activity in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Miljanovic Damjanovic, Vesna, Obradovic Salcin, Lejla, Ostojic, Daria, Ostojic, Ljerka, Gilic, Barbara, Geets Kesic, Marijana, Uzicanin, Edin, and Sekulic, Damir
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,PHYSICAL activity ,NURSING home residents ,OLDER people ,CROSS-sectional method ,MALE nurses - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced individuals' physical activity levels (PALs) and particularly the PAL of the elderly. However, few studies have examined the correlates of PALs in this population during the pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the residence-specific correlates of PALs in elderly people from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 211 persons older than 65 years (101 females), of whom 111 were community-dwelling residents, and 110 were nursing home residents (71.11 ± 3.11 and 72.22 ± 4.01 years of age, respectively; t-test = 0.91, p < 0.05). The variables included health status, residential status sociodemographic factors, anthropometrics (body mass, height, and body mass index), and PAL. PAL was evaluated using a translated version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and was validated in this study. PASE showed good test–retest reliability (51% of the common variance) and validity (57% of the common variance, with the step count measured using pedometers). Apart from participants' health status and age, PAL was positively correlated with (i) community-dwelling residence (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.60–2.23), and (ii) a lower BMI (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.71–0.98). The pre-pandemic physical activity was positively correlated with the PAL of the nursing home residents (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.02–1.45). A higher education level was positively correlated with the PAL of community-dwelling residents (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04–1.66). This study evidenced the residence-specific correlates of PALs, and enabled the identification of specific groups that are at risk of having low PALs during the pandemic. Future studies examining this problem during a non-pandemic period are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Charge-sensitive front-end electronics with operational amplifiers for CdZnTe detectors.
- Author
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Födisch, P., Berthel, M., Lange, B., Kirschke, T., Enghardt, W., and Kaever, P.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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29. Principles governing F1 hybridization in the genera Aeonium and Greenovia in La Gomera, Canary Islands.
- Author
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Arango, Octavio
- Subjects
SPECIES hybridization ,FLOWERING time ,ISLANDS ,COINCIDENCE ,POLLINATION ,SYMPATRIC speciation ,INTERNET publishing - Abstract
A phytochorological and ecobiological study of the nine species, two subspecies and two varieties of the genera Aeonium and Greenovia in La Gomera is carried out, with special attention to F1 hybridization in nature. To the ten hybrids already described on the island, seven new hybrids were discovered, which are the subject of a separate publication. In all the known hybrids I determined whether the parents were sympatric or allopatric. The geographical coincidence of the parents was a sine qua non requirement for hybridization to occur in all the hybrids known so far, since pollen transfer by biotic and abiotic agents does not function between disjunct areas. The two prezygotic reproductive barriers that currently prevent interspecific hybridization in Aeonium or intergeneric hybridization between Aeonium and Greenovia are the geographic separation of populations and the different flowering times. The ability to survive and reproduce successfully of F1 hybrids in Aeonium and Greenovia is usually lower than that of the parent species and they generally disappear from the environment in the first filial generation without leaving offspring. The fundamental principles that govern F1 hybridization in La Gomera are extracted, and after verifying that they were also fulfilled in the other mountainous islands, they were synthesized in eight principles, which provide an updated vision of hybridization in the genus Aeonium. Citation: Arango O. 2024: Principles governing F1 hybridization in the genera Aeonium and Greenovia in La Gomera, Canary Islands. – Willdenowia 53: 257–268 Version of record first published online on 23 January 2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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30. On the Reactivity of a NHC Nickel Bis‐Boryl Complex: Reductive Elimination and Formation of Mono‐Boryl Complexes.
- Author
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Tendera, Lukas, Kuehn, Laura, Marder, Todd B., and Radius, Udo
- Subjects
NICKEL ,DIBORANE ,CARBENES - Abstract
The synthesis of the first terminal mono‐boryl complexes of nickel, which are not stabilized by a pincer ligand, is reported. The reaction of the nickel bis‐boryl complex cis‐[Ni(iPr2ImMe)2(Bcat)2] 1 (cat=1,2‐O2C6H4) with the small donor ligand PMe3 led to a complete ligand exchange at nickel with reductive elimination of B2cat2 and formation of the bis‐NHC adduct [B2cat2 ⋅ (iPr2ImMe)2] 3 and [Ni(PMe3)4] 2 as the metal‐containing species. Electrophilic attack of MeI on complex 1 or ligand dismutation of 1 with trans‐[Ni(iPr2ImMe)2Br2] led to loss of only one boryl ligand of 1 and afforded the nickel mono‐boryl complexes trans‐[Ni(iPr2ImMe)2(Bcat)Br] 4 a and trans‐[Ni(iPr2ImMe)2(Bcat)I] 4 b. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. N-Heterocyclic carbene and cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene ligated half-sandwich complexes of chromium(II) and chromium(I).
- Author
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Horrer, Günther, Luff, Martin S., and Radius, Udo
- Subjects
CHROMIUM ,RADICALS (Chemistry) ,CHROMIUM compounds - Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a series of Cr(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) complexes of the type [{Cr(NHC)Cl(μ-Cl)}
2 ] and [(Cyp)Cr(NHC)X] (Cyp = η5 -C5 H5 , cyclopentadienyl; η5 -C5 Me5 , pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; X = Cl, η3 -C3 H5 ; NHC = IMeMe , IiPrMe , IMes, IDipp) as well as the cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene cAACMe ligated complexes [(η5 -C5 H5 )Cr(cAACMe )X] (X = Cl, NPh2 ), [(η5 -C9 H7 )Cr(cAACMe )Cl] (C9 H7 = Ind, indenyl) and [(η5 -C13 H9 )Cr(cAACMe )Cl] (C13 H9 = Fl, fluorenyl) are reported. The reduction of [(η5 -C5 Me5 )Cr(IMeMe )Cl] with KC8 in the presence of CO afforded the NHC ligated Cr(I) metallo-radical [(η5 -C5 Me5 )Cr(IMeMe )(CO)2 ]. Quantum chemical calculations performed on [(η5 -C5 Me5 )Cr(IMeMe )(CO)2 ] confirm for this complex a predominantly chromium centered radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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32. Mechanical Characteristics of Architected Polycrystal Lattice Affected by the Orientation of Metagrain Boundary.
- Author
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Chen, Lu, Cui, Chengyun, Cui, Xigui, and Lu, Jinzhong
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SHEAR (Mechanics) ,CRYSTAL grain boundaries ,EXPERIMENTAL design - Abstract
The orientation of internal metagrain boundary shows an important influence on shearing behaviors and mechanical performance of architected polycrystal lattice. This study designs four types of architected polycrystal lattices equipped with single boundary, multiple parallel boundaries, or multiple intersecting boundaries, with boundary orientations of 0°, 26.55°, 45°, 63.45°, or 90°. The compressive responses of these architected polycrystal lattices are investigated to reveal the effects of the boundary orientations. Especially the relations between the shearing deformation and the boundary orientation are clarified, and the underlying shearing mechanisms are discussed to provide a basis for predicting and explaining the energy absorbing capacity in the architected polycrystal lattice. For the architected polycrystal lattice consisting of +30° and −30° orientated metagrains with intrinsic shear bands of 60° and 75°, the 75° rather than 60° shear band is more likely to occur when the angle of the architected polycrystal boundary increases from 0° to 90°. Most importantly, the higher energy absorption prefers the shear band more horizontal and shorter, which can be realized by increasing the angle and the number of grain boundaries. This contributes to resisting catastrophic failure for lattice structures. These findings provide guidance for developing novel lattice structures with well‐controlled mechanical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Fabrication of PS/PVDF-HFP Multi-Level Structured Micro/Nano Fiber Membranes by One-Step Electrospinning.
- Author
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Zhao, Yixia, Zhang, Zehao, Zhang, Yan, Huang, Yuting, Chen, Yanfei, Chen, Bofei, Kang, Weimin, and Ju, Jingge
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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34. Characterization of scintillator crystals for usage as prompt gamma monitors in particle therapy.
- Author
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Roemer, K., Pausch, G., Bemmerer, D., Berthel, M., Dreyer, A., Golnik, C., Hueso-González, F., Kormoll, T., Petzoldt, J., Rohling, H., Thirolf, P., Wagner, A., Wagner, L., Weinberger, D., and Fiedler, F.
- Published
- 2015
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35. Test of Compton camera components for prompt gamma imaging at the ELBE bremsstrahlung beam.
- Author
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Hueso-González, F, Golnik, C, Berthel, M, Dreyer, A, Enghardt, W, Fiedler, F, Heidel, K, Kormoll, T, Rohling, H, Schöne, S, Schwengner, R, Wagner, A, and Pausch, G
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Katalytische Alkin‐Semihydrierung mit Polyhydrid‐Ni/Ga‐Clustern.
- Author
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Muhr, Maximilian, Liang, Hao, Allmendinger, Lars, Bühler, Raphael, Napoli, Fabrizio E., Ukaj, Dardan, Cokoja, Mirza, Jandl, Christian, Kahlal, Samia, Saillard, Jean‐Yves, Gemel, Christian, and Fischer, Roland A.
- Abstract
Copyright of Angewandte Chemie is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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37. Catalytic Alkyne Semihydrogenation with Polyhydride Ni/Ga Clusters.
- Author
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Muhr, Maximilian, Liang, Hao, Allmendinger, Lars, Bühler, Raphael, Napoli, Fabrizio E., Ukaj, Dardan, Cokoja, Mirza, Jandl, Christian, Kahlal, Samia, Saillard, Jean‐Yves, Gemel, Christian, and Fischer, Roland A.
- Subjects
METAL clusters ,TRANSITION metals ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,HYDRIDES ,CATALYSIS - Abstract
The bimetallic, decanuclear Ni3Ga7‐cluster of the formula [Ni3(GaTMP)3(μ2‐GaTMP)3(μ3‐GaTMP)] (1, TMP=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl) reacts reversibly with dihydrogen under the formation of a series of (poly‐)hydride clusters 2. Low‐temperature 2D NMR experiments at −80 °C show that 2 consist of a mixture of a di‐ (2Di), tetra‐ (2Tetra) and hexahydride species (2Hexa). The structures of 2Di and 2Tetra are assessed by a combination of 2D NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The cooperation of both metals is essential for the high hydrogen uptake of the cluster. Polyhydrides 2 are catalytically active in the semihydrogenation of 4‐octyne to 4‐octene with good selectivity. The example is the first of its kind and conceptually relates properties of molecular, atom‐precise transition metal/main group metal clusters to the respective solid‐state phase in catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Heterologous expression of the cryptic mdk gene cluster and structural revision of maduralactomycin A.
- Author
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Schwitalla, Jan W., Le, Ngoc-Thao-Hien, Um, Soohyun, Schalk, Felix, Brönstrup, Mark, Baunach, Martin, and Beemelmanns, Christine
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The Influence of Social Support on Leisure-Time Physical Activity of the Elderly in the Chinese Village of Fuwen.
- Author
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Zhou, Jiayi, Yang, Chen, Yu, Jiabin, Zhao, Xiaoguang, Wu, Jinan, Liu, Zhiyong, Li, Jianshe, and Gu, Yaodong
- Subjects
LEISURE ,SOCIAL support ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,RURAL conditions ,CROSS-sectional method ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,ATHLETIC associations ,SELF-evaluation ,FAMILIES ,COMMUNITY support ,PHYSICAL activity ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,WALKING ,EXERCISE intensity ,STATISTICAL sampling ,BODY mass index ,DATA analysis software ,MIDDLE age ,OLD age - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of social support factors with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of older people in Fuwen village. A cross-sectional study included 523 randomly selected elderly people (60+ years) whose LTPA levels were determined using the shortened version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S). A modified version of the Physical Activity Social Support Scale (PASSS) was operated to gather perceived scores of the social support factors. A multivariate linear regression was performed to locate associations of perceived scores of social supports with leisure-time walking (LTW) and moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The results indicated that social support from family was positively and significantly related to LTW and MVPA in both models. The community factor was positively and significantly correlated with MVPA in both models. The sport club factor was related to LTW and MVPA to some extent. The results suggest that social support from family is the most important motivator for older people's LTW and MVPA in the village of Fuwen. Social support from the community is the motivator for older people's MVPA. The sport club factor has some effects on older people's LTW and MVPA as well. More future studies are needed to extend the database of the relationship between social support and rural older people's physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The effect of sexuality on the quality of life of elderly people in Morocco.
- Author
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Mejdouli, Hicham, Baali, Abdellatif, Ouzennou, Nadia, and Amor, Hakima
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Infection Control among Healthcare Workers and Management of a Scabies Outbreak in a Large Italian University Hospital.
- Author
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Sponselli, Stefania, De Maria, Luigi, Caputi, Antonio, Stefanizzi, Pasquale, Bianchi, Francesco Paolo, Delvecchio, Giuseppe, Foti, Caterina, Romita, Paolo, Ambrogio, Francesca, Zagaria, Silvia, Giannelli, Gianmarco, Tafuri, Silvio, and Vimercati, Luigi
- Subjects
SCABIES ,MEDICAL personnel ,INFECTION control ,UNIVERSITY hospitals ,SYMPTOMS ,DRUG administration - Abstract
This retrospective observational study describes the results of an ad-hoc designated prevention protocol aimed at containing the spread of the scabies infestation among healthcare workers (HCWs) of a large University Hospital in Italy. The outbreak started on October 2022 and a preventive protocol was set up thanks to a multidisciplinary approach. HCWs at high scabies risk were defined as subjects working in Operative Units with a scabies prevalence higher than 2%, close contacts of a confirmed case of scabies, or HCWs with signs and symptoms of the disease. All cases at high scabies risk underwent a dermatological examination, and the infested HCWs were suspended from work until definitive healing. Mass drug administration was established for all HCWs working in Operative Units with a scabies prevalence higher than 2%. Until March 2023, out of 183 screening dermatological examinations, 21 (11.5%) were diagnostic for scabies. Between 11 October 2022 (date of the first diagnosed scabies case) and 6 March 2023 (the end of incubation period related to the last case detected), the frequency of scabies was 0.35% (21 scabies cases/6000 HCWs). The duration of the outbreak in our hospital was 14.7 weeks. Statistical analysis shows a significant association between scabies and being a nurse and having an allergy to dust mites. We obtained a low frequency of scabies infection, limiting the duration of the outbreak and the related economic burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Circular Dichroism Enhancement Induced by Strong Coupling and Weak Coupling in Metal Disk-Chiral TDBCs-Metal Disk Structure.
- Author
-
Ye, Qihui, Wang, Chen, Chen, Jiaojiao, Guo, Shuai, and Song, Gang
- Subjects
FINITE difference time domain method ,CIRCULAR dichroism ,SURFACE plasmons - Abstract
We theoretically investigate a circular dichroism (CD) spectrum enhancement in a silver disk-chiral TDBCs-silver disk structure in the strong coupling regime. Chiral TDBCs are sandwiched between two Ag disks. Absorption and scattering spectra are obtained by the finite difference time domain method. Both absorption and scattering CD spectra are also used to describe the chirality of our proposed structure. Chirality of TDBCs is amplified by localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excited in two Ag disk structure. Our results show that the chirality of TDBCs is amplified by the LSPs as 300 times for the absorption spectrum (150 times for the scattering spectrum) as the one of only TDBCs in the strong coupling regime. In the strong coupling regime, there is an optimal suit of parameters to make maximum of CD spectrum largest enhancement in the absorption spectrum. The enhancement factor of CD spectrum in the strong coupling regime is much larger than the one in the weak coupling regime. It is because that the stacking disk structure provides a strong confinement of the electric field to coupling with chiral TDBCs near the resonant wavelengths of TDBCs. Due to the large amplification of CD spectrum, our proposed structure provides a new method to detect the chirality of TDBCs in experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Socio‐cognitive, expertise‐based and appearance‐based accounts of the other‐'race' effect in face perception: A label‐based systematic review of neuroimaging results.
- Author
-
Ficco, Linda, Müller, Veronika I., Kaufmann, Jürgen M., and Schweinberger, Stefan R.
- Subjects
PERSONAL beauty ,WORK experience (Employment) ,SOCIOLOGY ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,FACE perception ,RACE ,COGNITION ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,BODY image ,NEURORADIOLOGY ,BEHAVIOR modification - Abstract
Two competing theories explain the other‐'race' effect (ORE) either by greater perceptual expertise to same‐'race' (SR) faces or by social categorization of other‐'race' (OR) faces at the expense of individuation. To assess expertise and categorization contributions to the ORE, a promising—yet overlooked—approach is comparing activations for different other‐'races'. We present a label‐based systematic review of neuroimaging studies reporting increased activity in response to OR faces (African, Caucasian, or Asian) when compared with the SR of participants. Hypothetically, while common activations would reflect general aspects of OR perception, 'race'‐preferential ones would represent effects of 'race'‐specific visual appearance. We find that several studies report activation of occipito‐temporal and midcingulate areas in response to faces across different other‐'races', presumably due to high demand on the visual system and category processing. Another area reported in response to all OR faces, the caudate nucleus, suggests the involvement of socio‐affective processes and behavioural regulation. Overall, our results support hybrid models—both expertise and social categorization contribute to the ORE, but they provide little evidence for reduced motivation to process OR faces. Additionally, we identify areas preferentially responding to specific OR faces, reflecting effects of visual appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Simulation and experimental study of Taylor cone and jet evolution process parameters in electrohydrodynamics.
- Author
-
Kai Liu, Yuansheng Zheng, Newton, All Amin, Cheng Ge, Binjie Xin, and Yuanyuan Xu
- Subjects
ELECTROHYDRODYNAMICS ,CONES ,AXIAL flow ,FLUID flow ,HIGH-speed photography ,DIAMETER - Abstract
In melt electrospinning, accurate control of jet evolution and Taylor cone process parameters helps to control the final fiber properties. High-speed photography was employed to observe the jet’s formation process and the Taylor cone’s morphology. A multi-physics model of nonisothermal heat transfer was used to predict the fluid flow direction and velocity change. In addition, we investigated the relationships between the process parameters of the Taylor cone and the diameter of melt electrospun fiber. The results show an excellent linear relationship between the process parameters (cone angle, curvature, and Taylor cone height) and fiber diameter. According to the simulation results, the axial fluid flow keeps the maximum and accelerates continuously until the collector captures it. In addition, with the increase of voltage, the fiber strength is lower, and the crystallinity is improved. This work analyzes diameter and process parameters and offers a fresh perspective on electrostatic-fluid interaction and a method to forecast fiber diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Interval Training on Hemodynamic, Autonomic and Cardiorespiratory Variables of Physically Active Elderly People.
- Author
-
Sant'Ana, Leandro, Monteiro, Diogo, Budde, Henning, Ribeiro, Aline Aparecida de Souza, Vieira, João Guilherme, Monteiro, Estêvão Rios, Scartoni, Fabiana Rodrigues, Machado, Sérgio, and Vianna, Jeferson Macedo
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Copper-catalyzed defluorinative arylboration of vinylarenes with polyfluoroarenes.
- Author
-
Wu, Fu-Peng, Gu, Xing-Wei, Geng, Hui-Qing, and Wu, Xiao-Feng
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Systematic Review: Landscape Characteristics Correlated with Physical Activity of the Elderly People.
- Author
-
Li, Dan, Xu, Haiyun, Kang, Yue, and Steemers, Koen
- Subjects
PHYSICAL activity ,OLDER people ,OPEN spaces ,HEALTH equity ,PUBLIC spaces ,FRAIL elderly - Abstract
(1) Background: Green and open spaces are conducive to physical activity for the elderly. However, it is unclear how different landscape characteristics relate to the physical activity of the elderly. (2) Methods: following the PRISMA method, this study reviewed the existing literature on the landscape characteristics correlated with the elderly's physical activity (PA) from Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. We conducted a systematic full-text review of 25 eligible reports and studies related to the linkage between the characteristics of green and open spaces and the elderly's physical activity (PA); (3) Results: Nature/greenery, safety, road/path conditions, aesthetics, PA facilities, accessibility, amenity, water, and elderly accessibility facilities were found to be positively associated with elderly's PA. Pavement conditions (gravel), the presence of water, poor maintenance, neighborhood aesthetics, and GVI are negatively correlated with the elderly's PA; (4) Conclusions: We close the paper by making a few recommendations for future policy-making, practice, and research. It is suggested that the landscape characteristics be applied in evidence-based policy-making and design, and in tackling health inequality. Future research should be more specific about the impact of site-scale factors, include landscape characteristics specifically needed by the elderly to conduct PA, and involve a wider scope of green and open space on top of neighborhood green and open space and parks. Additionally, these studies should take into consideration different cultural settings and geographical scales to reveal the different effects of various aspects of green and open space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Moral Emotions and Their Brain Structural Correlates Across Neurodegenerative Disorders.
- Author
-
Baez, Sandra, Trujillo-Llano, Catalina, de Souza, Leonardo Cruz, Lillo, Patricia, Forno, Gonzalo, Santamaría-García, Hernando, Okuma, Cecilia, Alegria, Patricio, Huepe, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Decety, Jean, and Slachevsky, Andrea
- Subjects
NEURODEGENERATION ,PARIETAL lobe ,ALZHEIMER'S disease ,CAUDATE nucleus ,TEMPORAL lobe ,SHAME - Abstract
Background: Although social cognition is compromised in patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), research on moral emotions and their neural correlates in these populations is scarce. No previous study has explored the utility of moral emotions, compared to and in combination with classical general cognitive state tools, to discriminate bvFTD from AD patients. Objective: To examine self-conscious (guilt and embarrassment) and other-oriented (pity and indignation) moral emotions, their subjective experience, and their structural brain underpinnings in bvFTD (n = 31) and AD (n = 30) patients, compared to healthy controls (n = 37). We also explored the potential utility of moral emotions measures to discriminate bvFTD from AD. Methods: We used a modified version of the Moral Sentiment Task measuring the participants' accuracy scores and their emotional subjective experiences. Results: bvFTD patients exhibited greater impairments in self-conscious and other-oriented moral emotions as compared with AD patients and healthy controls. Moral emotions combined with general cognitive state tools emerged as useful measures to discriminate bvFTD from AD patients. In bvFTD patients, lower moral emotions scores were associated with lower gray matter volumes in caudate nucleus and inferior and middle temporal gyri. In AD, these scores were associated with lower gray matter volumes in superior and middle frontal gyri, middle temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule and supramarginal gyrus. Conclusion: These findings contribute to a better understanding of moral emotion deficits across neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting the potential benefits of integrating this domain into the clinical assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Assessment of the Level of Physical Activity and Mood in Students after a Year of Study in a Mixed Mode in the Conditions of Restrictions Resulting from the Pandemic.
- Author
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Stefańska, Małgorzata, De Koker, Reninka, Vos, Jeroen, De Wachter, Eveline, Dębiec-Bąk, Agnieszka, and Ptak, Agnieszka
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Nickel boryl complexes and nickel-catalyzed alkyne borylation.
- Author
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Tendera, Lukas, Fantuzzi, Felipe, Marder, Todd B., and Radius, Udo
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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