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Minimalism is one post modern style movement which emerged in the 50s of the twentieth century, but it was rapidly growing in the years 60s, 70s. Minimalism is defined as the concept of minimizing distractions from what's truly valuable or essential . On the same grounds, works of minimalist offers a direct view at and raises questions about the true nature of the subject or object inviting the viewer to consider it for it for the real shape, a thought, a movement reminding us to focus on what's really important .The Architecture of Minimalism is characterized by an economy with materials, focusing on building quality with considerations for 'essences' as light, form, detail of material, texture, space and scale, place and human conditions . The research of this paper is mainly into the basis of designing a Minimalistic mosque in India while analysing the parameters for the design from the the Matching characteristics of islamic architecture (i.e) in specific to a mosque and the Minimalism . Therefore, the paper is about the mosque architecture and minimalism and of their underlying principles, matching characteristics and design goals [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indian economy primarily is cash based economy. The announcement made by the Prime Minister on 8th November, 2016 hit our economy very badly especially rural economy where people use cash for their daily transactions. The announcement was to make India cashless economy and also to stop the black money through Demonetisation. This decision creates chaos among the people in India. There was long snaking lines outside banks and ATM's. Due to lack of disposable income in the hands of consumers, the way of making payment has been changed. This paper focuses on the buying behavior of consumers that is how the purchasing pattern of consumers changed from physically to electronically. In the cashless economy it is become necessary for a consumer to have the knowledge of digital payment system. The analysis has been done with the help of UTAUT model. The data used in this study is secondary data as well as primary data. The result of this study will reveal that how different attributes related with the consumer intention to adopt the digital payment systems. The purpose of this study is to find out the actual usage of digital payment system in India. The conceptual framework used in this study is based on UTAUT model and other author's research papers. Data collected through questionnaire. This study will be helpful for the researchers, digital payment service providers for getting knowledge about the adoption of digital payments modes in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Go Green" concept has become significant in every facet of business in today?s environmentally conscious culture. With all company activities, there is a need to focus on people and the environment rather than just on profits as businesses can no longer operate only for profits. The concern towards environment results a shift toward green economy, and businesses must be environmentally conscious in all aspects of their operations. Green banking is one of the initiatives in this direction. Green banking entails ensuring environmentally friendly practices in the banking sector and, as a result, lowering internal and external carbon footprints. A broader perspective is that green criteria should be used as a lending principle. The banking industry isn?t often thought of as a polluter. However, it has a negative influence on the environment because it increases energy use lighting, air conditioning and paper consumption. The paper reviews the green banking practices among select banks in India & to identify the challenges associated with implementing this eco friendly phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital technologies are now playing the important role behind the entrepreneurial ecosystem of India and nurturing the ventures from small to larger group. This paper talks about the how digital technology as platform helping the entrepreneurial ecosystem in India and then nurturing the venture in digital space. Although the increasing of technological paradigm shift to newer technology day by day, month on month and year on year is providing the advantages of robust entrepreneurial ecosystem and nurturing the robust venture in technological space. In line with the context of the objective, the paper talks about the key factors of digital entrepreneurial ecosystem such as internet penetration, adoption of deep-tech or advancement of technologies (AI/ML, Big data and analytics, robotics, 3D printing, AR/VR), availability of funding, volume of deal flow, MNC-startup relationship, pre-existing business relationship and skillset development of manpower. The research paper related to this area is correct and further study can be conducted to explore more insight information about how digital technology is enabling entrepreneurial ecosystem and nurturing the venture for emergence and growth. This paper is useful to study for research scholars, practitioners, management consultants and academicians. Later, the paper presents about the challenges and issues faced by the start-ups or entrepreneurs in digital transformation of business functions and adoption of digital technology in rural sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of research in education is universally accepted. Driving the past two decades, there have been numerous studies, policy documents highlighting the 'importance of research" which India could reap by improving the research infrastructure in Higher education. The present paper traces the regulatory policy and structure of higher education in India since post-Independence(after 1947) period. A detailed analysis is carried out about the the government emphasis on research front. A critical analysis is carried out of the policy initiatives during these years including the New Policy on Education(1986), AICTE and UGC notification in 2010, the Yashpal Committee Report; the National Board of Accreditation(NBA);the National Assessment and Accreditation Council(NAAC); which has resulted on increased emphasis on faculty research. The paper finally assesses the impact of these efforts and development from the perspective of quantity and quality of research publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passenger drones are currently being developed in some countries to solve the purpose of point-to-point commute. Even though passenger drones have been developed and are developing in some countries, the studies done on designing the interiors have focused on the western audience. Therefore, an in-depth study is required to create cabin interiors for passenger drones, which can suit the country's varied aspects like India. This paper focuses on the user requirements based on a survey of the color, form, and possible future inflight activities conducted for interior design and development for passenger drones. The methodology used was a survey among the potential users. To understand the interaction, color, and form, and map the needs and activities of the passengers in a fully autonomous passenger drone, literature review on proposed activities, future trends of color and form forecast of the transportation industry was studied and used as an input for questionnaire design. An online survey was conducted to gain insights on capturing the futuristic travel experience and activities when inside a fully autonomous cabin. Questions related to the future prediction of automotive trends and possible activities within the cabin were asked. Quantitative data analysis was done after converting the data to a pivot chart. The paper explores and discusses an overview of the future form and color trends and mapping future possible inflight activities in a fully autonomous passenger drone. It also discusses the various possibilities that can be explored to design and develop a passenger drone interior cabin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India and over the world, Cancer has become a deadly disease that is adversely affecting women from different age groups. According to a survey, one in every 30 women suffers from this deadly disease in their lifetime. This project was first thought of because of the increase in cases of breast cancer and if we can detect it at an early stage then there is an increased chance of it getting cured. This paper lays a foundation in making the detection of cancer automated from histopathological images using deep learning algorithms so that more and more people can get it diagnosed at an early stage and subsequently get cured. To enhance the capability of histopathology image classification, a powerful deep learning algorithm and a sizable, varied dataset are required. In this paper, we have proposed an automatic and precise histopathological image analytical method, to detect breast cancer at an early stage. Deep learning techniques have recently made significant strides and produced outstanding results in the fields of computer vision and image processing, which has encouraged many researchers to use this method for the categorization of histopathology images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The common history and shared cultural heritage are the backbone of BIMSTEC countries for understanding and respect for each other. In the period of COVID 19 Pandemic like other countries of the world BIMSTEC countries was also initially response to restrict trade, travel and other forms of connectivity. This Paper focuses on socio- economic environment of economic integration on intra- regional trade between India and BIMSTEC countries in the troubled times. The Gravity model shows theoretical justification of intra- regional trade annd applies the generalized gravity model to analyses the India and BIMSTEC trade with its major trading partners. The empirical findings suggest that India and BIMSTEC has positively associated with both intra-regional trades. This paper recommends that goaloriented policies and strong political commitment towards economic integration are needed in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this changing and challenging times, when technology is becoming a great leveler, We are sure that. it is people and people alone, who can make the difference and catapult the organisation to greater and yet unconquered heights- We believe that the talent innovation, creativity, business acumen and capabilities of people are the single most dependable source of competitive strength to the organisation. Human resources play the most important part in the development of an enterprise. Human resource accounting (HRA) is a measure the value of employees, which helps management, take the vital decisions related to human resources in order to increase productivity. It requires the measurement of the performances of an organisation and the optimum use of the resources under its direct and indirect control. Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to establish that the competitive position of a firm depends on its specific assets. The most specific asset that an enterprise has is its personnel. It takes advantage to their interdependent knowledge and this is the reason why some firms are more productive then others. With the same technology, a solid human resource team makes all the difference. The value of a person as a resource depends on how he is employed; therefore, management style also influences the human resource value. This paper examines the various models of human resources accounting (HRA) for valuing human in an organization. It gives an overview of the HRA models adopted by the public sector and software companies in India. The paper mentions the advantages and the hurdles in adopting HRA models in India. Finally, the paper also examines how ethos and culture effect the quality of work and how they can be accounted in books of accounts. Challenge:-- Fill past decade, the "value" of an enterprise was measured as an asset within traditional balance sheets, e.g. buildings, production plaint. etc. This was viewed as a sufficient reflection of the enterprise's assets. However, with the emergence of the knowledge economy, this traditional valuation has been called into question due to the recognition that human capital is an increasingly important part of au enterprise's total value. But the quest ion arises that how the value of human capital can be assessed. Providing adequate and valid information on human resources in statistical terms and within traditional balance sheet has proved extremely difficult. Design/methodology/approach--Through this paper an attempt has been made to account for Human Resource maintaining the key parameters: correctness, transparency, prudence, and timeliness. A detailed revision is made of the main costs related to human resources: training and selection costs and exit costs. This analysis is made from the points of view of external and internal (or managerial) accounting on the basis of historical costs and opportunity costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diabolical policy approaches and apparatus constructed by colonial state and further reconstructed by post-colonial state under the tactical visions of governmentality and politics of accommodation jeopardised millions of Nomadic and De-notified Tribes NTDNTs. Thus, once located on mainstream of society the NTDNTs are pushed at the bottom of the lowest rungs of socioeconomic and political hierarchy. Against this backdrop, the paper aims to examine the long-troubled trajectory of NTDNTs throwing light on continuities of governmentality and politics of accommodation grounded during colonial-post colonial states methodically captured through (19) select cases of policy approaches and apparatus, respectively. The paper uses life stories of NTDNTs and their envoys voices as prime qualitative method for analyses using hermeneutics tradition. The paper through conceptual lens of governmentality and politics of accommodation concludes that the immensity of NTDNTs subjugation and exclusion instituted by colonial-postcolonial state is the vexing case of world's most elongated hapless victims of 'governmentality and politics of accommodation' beyond the pale of social-accountability. Finally, the paper put-forth unfeigned future policy priorities (FPPs) coupled with integrated model of change actors upon whom the onus lies to ensure NTDNTs re-integration and legitimate possibility of developmental accommodation for a new democratic India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FinTech was introduced in India in 2015 and from that point forward the financial sector has arrived at new statures. The amalgamation of the Technical and the Financial sector has resulted in the new era of FinTech Sector (Financial and technical). The introduction of FinTech has made the Payment processes, lending processes, the wealth technology, regulations technology and insurance technology more efficient, advanced and error prone. This FinTech ecosystem paved a better way to implement these services. Indian FinTech Industry is the fastest growing in the world, with 67% of the more than 2100 FinTech entities in operations have been set up in the two start-up hub cities of India, Bengaluru and Mumbai. India's 12.50% remains unbanked which encouraged the Indian government to support the inclusion and development of the FinTech Innovations. This research explicates various factors influencing the FinTech adaption and usage of these services. These factors were determined using a questionnaire that was filled by 195 random individuals. On these results, regression tables were drafted, and the significance was determined which has been described throughout the paper. Factor analysis was computed, and the interpretation of this analysis and a result of the interpretation was that the FinTech services are user-friendly and easy to use. This research also highlights some of the FinTech companies of India such as, Paytm, PhonePe, Zest Money and Policy Bazaar along with their general description, trend analysis of their revenue over the years and next five years and employment number. This was stated to accentuate the contribution of these companies towards the growth of the Indian economy, GDP, unemployment crisis, national income and the per capita income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic growth is crucial for any country as an indicator of development. However, a sustainable growth warrants development in a sustainable manner and required to register all round development that provide economic security to the marginalized and maintain environment sustainability. After a challenging implementation of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), United Nations has called for implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the same has commenced since 2015 and the various targets are to be achieved by 2030. The objective of the paper is to assess the significance of SDGs and assess the progress of implementation in India. Gender equality is one development agenda that the policy makers have been debating in India and the paper looks into the status of implementation. The methodology of the paper is to review the progress made in the implementation of SDGs in India. Existing literature on SDGs and Gender Equality would be reviewed to gather deeper understanding of the subject. The paper is expected to help policy makers, practitioners and civil society in understanding the significance of ensuring gender equality and advocate for better policies and programs to correct the imbalance in gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic growth is crucial for any country as an indicator of development. However, a sustainable growth warrants development in a sustainable manner and required to register all round development that provide economic security to the marginalized and maintain environment sustainability. After a challenging implementation of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), United Nations has called for implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the same has commenced since 2015 and the various targets are to be achieved by 2030. The objective of the paper is to assess the significance of SDGs and assess the progress of implementation in India. Gender equality is one development agenda that the policy makers have been debating in India and the paper looks into the status of implementation. The methodology of the paper is to review the progress made in the implementation of SDGs in India. Existing literature on SDGs and Gender Equality would be reviewed to gather deeper understanding of the subject. The paper is expected to help policy makers, practitioners and civil society in understanding the significance of ensuring gender equality and advocate for better policies and programs to correct the imbalance in gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies media's role in contributing towards a sustainable society. The term sustainable development and a sustainable society are well-defined in particular in the context of India's pursuit of Digital India. Despite the Indian Government's future vision for India and the subsequent careful and well-planned policies, an ever growing population will predictably mean an augmented pressure on the society, environment and culture. Therefore, it is argued that if India is serious in following a path of sustainable development, the Indian population needs a behavior change towards sustainable actions. This change in behavior cannot be accomplished by itself but needs conscious efforts on the part of the society and government as a whole. It is recommended that Education for Sustainable Development of all sections of society can contribute to this behavioral change. Bearing in mind that a considerable part of the Indian population is not enrolled in the formal education system, the case is made for an increased role of the media in spreading Education for Sustainable Development. Numerous recommendations are then made as to how the current developments in the media sector can be utilized to make continuous progress towards a sustainable Indian society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of literature in the context of NPA and its impact on the performance of banks, with specific reference to public sector banks and private sector banks. The analysis includes changing the definition and meaning of NPA by the regulator in India vis a vis its impact on the NPAs. Based on the analysis it is concluded that large no of intervention legal or otherwise such as merger and acquisition of the bank are followed by the regulator within Lakshmi Vilas bank, IDBI". The banking sector is the most essential part of the Indian financial system. A major obstacle for Indian banks is achieving operating productivity appropriate for modern financial inter-mediation under the existing ownership framework. Given the rise in nonperforming assets (NPAs), it has been surprisingly safe for PSBs to recapitalize, as the government's powerful ownership system has minimized the conflicts of interest that private banks would face. NPAs are a major source of worry for public sector banks, as they must be managed and regulated. NPAs have a negative impact on bank loans because non-recovery of loan payments and interest on the loan account negate the efficacy of the credit dispensation scheme. The non-recovery of loans also harms bank performance. Furthermore, banks with a large degree of NPAs must hold more owned funds as resources, build buffers and provisions, and have a buffer for loan losses. The main aim of this paper is to have a review on the banking system in India, NPA, NPA rise, extent and effect and suggested govt. measures to Solve NPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FinTech was introduced in India in 2015 and from that point forward the financial sector has arrived at new statures. The amalgamation of the Technical and the Financial sector has resulted in the new era of FinTech Sector (Financial and technical). The introduction of FinTech has made the Payment processes, lending processes, the wealth technology, regulations technology and insurance technology more efficient, advanced and error prone. This FinTech ecosystem paved a better way to implement these services. Indian FinTech Industry is the fastest growing in the world, with 67% of the more than 2100 FinTech entities in operations have been set up in the two start-up hub cities of India, Bengaluru and Mumbai. India's 12.50% remains unbanked which encouraged the Indian government to support the inclusion and development of the FinTech Innovations. This research explicates various factors influencing the FinTech adaption and usage of these services. These factors were determined using a questionnaire that was filled by 195 random individuals. On these results, regression tables were drafted, and the significance was determined which has been described throughout the paper. Factor analysis was computed, and the interpretation of this analysis and a result of the interpretation was that the FinTech services are user-friendly and easy to use. This research also highlights some of the FinTech companies of India such as, Paytm, PhonePe, Zest Money and Policy Bazaar along with their general description, trend analysis of their revenue over the years and next five years and employment number. This was stated to accentuate the contribution of these companies towards the growth of the Indian economy, GDP, unemployment crisis, national income and the per capita income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public Interest Litigation occupies a prominent space in the Constitutional history of Supreme Court. The aspiration of the court to transform itself from Supreme Court of India to Supreme Court for India and Indians by extending its accessibility, scope and fashioning new remedies for the marginalized and poor has received critical claim and now skepticism. In India, Religion is a contentious issue which when coupled with politics, has been a source of constant discord. The tenuous relationship of state and an individual's religion has been adjudicated by the Supreme Court having a far-reaching effect. The position of Indian Nation State with religion is far more complicated than any other secular democracy in the world. The religious autonomy of an individual and his relationship with his god is categorically recognized by the courts in India. In case of Shayara Bano, a Muslim woman who was divorced through the impugned practice of triple talaq, there was question raised on the justiciability of the remedy being fashioned by the Court in the minority opinion. In the case of Indian Young Lawyers Association & Ors. vs. The State of Kerala & Ors. popularly known as the Sabarimala Case, the Supreme Court, in the name of public interest went on to decide the legality of a centuries old tradition barring women in the menstruating age to enter the temple. Apart from the various issues deliberated by the court, one cardinal issue was pertaining to the locus standi of the petitioner to stand before the court acknowledging the far reaching ramification and implications of the judgment across all places of worship in the country. In the third case of decriminalization of adultery, the petitioner is not an affected person but rather a non-resident Keralite hotelier in Italy.2 The locus of the petitioner has not been discussed by any of the judges or even the name mentioned. The judges straightaway headed into the legality of the provision and declared it unconstitutional unanimously.3 What the court answered was rather an academic question than a legal one.4 This paper aims at analyzing the recent judgments which entered the Court as PIL and adjudication upon the same by secular court. The case analysis also includes an insight on the earlier precedents as to who can approach the court in public interest with respect to the matters pertaining to religion. The first part of the paper is devoted to the origin and evolution of the PIL especially the democratic positioning of the Court in pre and post emergency phase. The second part of the paper is concerned with the cases of PIL for women rights, gender justice and gender equality before Supreme Court till the three cases aforementioned. The third part shall deal with the discontents of the PIL, considering PIL as a structural and institutional innovation. The fourth and last part carries the concluding remarks by the author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By 2030, six out of ten people will live in urban areas. City dwellers must contend with increased congestion, waste and water management issues, and overcrowded, polluting transportation systems, all of which pose direct negative effects for citizens' physical health and wellbeing (State of Green website). Accommodation of the growing urban population in a sustainable manner is a humongous task in front of every country specially emerging economies like India. Very recently government of India has come out with the proposal of smart cities mission all over the country. This paper is an attempt to look into the concept and definition of 'smart city' and delve whether the 'technology' and 'ecology' would go hand in hand to meet the challenges and opportunities for sustainable urbanization. There is no universally accepted definition of smart cities yet and a smart city may have a different subtext in developing countries like India than any other developed country like United States. Even in India, the definition may vary for different states. The paper through an extensive study of literature around the world and examples of sample smart cities in India has tried to draw some significant insight about the concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After independence, government of India has provided statehood and sixth schedule provisions to hill tribes of northeast India. Therefore, plains tribes of Assam felt deprived and negligence from governing body due to not getting any autonomy provision within India. So, they stated autonomy movement and, Bodo the largest Plains tribe of Assam got sixth schedule provision and other tribes are so small and residing in various parts of Assam, therefore non-territorial autonomy is granted to them, and they has formed statutory autonomous councils to administer their affairs. This paper will mainly discuss what non-territorial autonomy provision is and how statutory councils are suffering due to this provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adequate housing or shelter has received a huge emphasis as a human right, as analysed from the various International Humanitarian Norms and the domestic legislations, as well. It has been considered as a fundamental element to foster the positive development. In the neo-liberal world order, the socio-economic disparity has resulted in a large number of children and youth into homelessness, which makes them vulnerable to a number of life threatening risks. To secure and safeguard their rights, alternative care emerged as a response. But, the alternative care is not been considered sustainable. As the Care Leavers do not immediately find the suitable place for shelter, livelihood gets them caught in limbo, which demands the need to have a suitable After-Care framework for Care Leavers that would protect and safeguard their lives. With this information in background, this paper is an attempt to bring the systematic assessment of the housing for Care Leavers in India. Building evidence from the existing research findings and taking International Humanitarian Norms as a guiding framework, this paper advocates for the housing rights for the Care Leavers and will introduce a framework, which could be utilized by relevant stakeholders to provide a holistic intervention. This study utilizes the descriptive research design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current covid-19 pandemic situation it is of utmost importance that human resources in organizations worldwide are managed efficiently with innovative and appropriate employee engagement programs which are designed specifically for organizations to meet the needs of their working professionals. This paper is a review paper that is primarily based on secondary data collected from various resources such as articles, research papers published, newspapers, blogs, and other valuable, and insightful, relevant online sources. One of the most important sources of information taken in this paper is reports from the World health organization. The paper dives deep into various employee engagement methods developed and used by companies across the world for building an optimum and balanced work-life balance among their employees. Work from home should not be considered working 24 hours a day. Although productivity has to be maintained and ways are to be identified to increase optimum productivity in a specific period, third comes the importance of employee engagement which will make the working professionals feel valued and add value to their life. Research has shown that balanced work from home and organized employee engagement events are highly beneficial to both the company and the employee. It not only increases the morale of the working professionals and keeps them interested it is also a major factor motivating them to get through the difficult time of the covid-19 pandemic. Millions of people are badly affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and a huge majority of them are working professionals, this sights the importance of a robust employee engagement plan, which will help these people deal with their life situations better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islamic Private equity capital investment is interest free investment with Shari'ah compliant, based on profit sharing as per agreed ratio of Islamic instruments. The Islamic private equity capital investment plays a vital role for the economic development of a country. The main purpose of this paper is to find out the prospect of Islamic Private Equity Capital investment through the Islamic co-operative society, Islamic financial Institution and Islamic Bank established in India with Shari'ah compliance as per the RBI directives 1997. This paper covers the economic development and to help the people of India through the IPEC investment. It also cover the role of the Reserve Bank of India for the establishment of Islamic banks in India with shari'ah compliance. This paper sort out the problems of IPEC investment and establishment of Interest free Islamic Bank regulation by the RBI. As per the census conducted in 2011, there are 172.2 millions of Muslim people living in India. At present India is the largest Muslim population outside Muslimmajority countries. In India the Islamic Private Equity Capital is relatively a new concept and finds its origin back less than a decade. The findings of this papers shows that the Islamic Banking if established will be more popular than the conventional banking for the economic growth through Islamic Private equity capital investment in India. This will help to develop the society by giving interest free loan to the people both the Muslim and the non-Muslim through the application of Islamic instruments(partnership agreement) mudarabah, musharakah, murabaha, Ijara, etc with the compliance of the principle of Shariah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of media trial has been in news recently in India. Few incidents have highlighted the concerns that how the media can play a crucial role in shaping the public opinion about the criminal justice system. Media plays a crucial role of striking a balance between the competing claims with respect to protection of human rights and interests relating to providing and obtaining the information to the masses. This paper deals with the role of media while a criminal case is under progress. In this paper an effort is made to analyze what are rights of media with respect to the reporting of a criminal case? What are the rights of persons involved in the criminal justice systems? How the rights of media and the rights of such persons cross paths? The paper also makes an endeavor to identify the role of judiciary in keeping a check on the media reporting of criminal cases and materials around. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to a recent survey, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in India has received a phased improvement and has impacted the industrial productivity. There was an incredible increase in FDI inflows (40 percent) from October 2014 to June 2019, particularly in the manufacturing sector. One of the dominant sectors contributing to the major Indian GDP is considered to be the industrial sector. India has been ranked fourteenth in the world's factory output. This was attributable to the introduction of an effort to encourage development divisions and to be a magnet for international investment. In the whole country, more than 56 industrial units have benefited. In recent years, industrial output has tilted to 3.1 percent between 2014 and 2019, largely because of improvement and to promote skill growth for the different sectors of the economy. This paper highlights the government's recent attempts to promote FDI in different sectors and how it has built a course. India has seen a huge growth in foreign direct investment in different sectors of the economy in the last ten years. Although the Government of India has built a route to attract FDI in different industries, this paper focuses on understanding the effect on FDI of making in India scheme. A duration of five years has been regarded for the study in this article. For data processing, statistical methods such as Karl Pearson's Coefficient Correlation and One - Way ANOVA were used. Data processing is used to study the interaction between the association between FDI and IIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the effect of foreign direct investments on the Indian retail sector. The inflow of foreign direct investments into India's retail sector has growth and boosted the Indian country's GDP. In order to research and assess the effect, government policy and other determinant were also discussed. India's retail industry is booming, with plenty of opportunities. Investing possibilities Until 2006, there were limits on foreign direct investment inflows. The Indian retail sector in India is a rapidly expanding market with numerous investment opportunities. Until 2006, there were limits on foreign direct investment inflows. Since 2006, however, the government has made a positive shift in policy, encouraging foreign companies to invest in the country. India is a great place to invest in and own. The paper looks at how India's retail industry is growing, as well as tax incentives and other factors that affect foreign direct investments inflows. It also looks at the obstacles and threats that allowing a foreign company to invest in India poses to Indian retailers (small, medium, and large). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online digital media has become a lifeline for humankind. But it has also become a major source of disruptions just like climate change. During the global pandemic, COVID-19, while the whole world is trying their best to blunt the spread of coronavirus, there is a vile trend of circulation of disinformation, fake news and sharing false data related to the virus on social media platforms creating panic among people. The review paper found that the present online information ecosystem matrix is driven by exploiters with the objective to demean democratic bodies, inflame societal divides, manipulate public opinion and influence citizens' voting choice to distort the democracy. Examination of the current trend led to disturbing reality as the content, discourse, tone and intent of social media interactions have undergone an evolution that threatens not only free speech, privacy, data protection, national security but democracy as a whole. The study also highlighted about the rise of new-age technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Algorithm, Robotics, and Machine Learning (ML) have exacerbated the problem to new heights as these technologies play a disproportionately impactful role in disseminating disinformation by amplifying it to distort democracy and free speech. The research work resonated with the growing clamour for greater legal regulation to control the menace of social media misuse among democracies around the globe. It addressed the concerns of internet companies and rights activists who fear tight measures would imperil free speech. The paper tried to examine the challenge how to regulate that doesn't stifle the freedom of expression and speech vis-à-vis keeping online content safe and protected. The fact-finding review paper is based on existing laws, regulations, policies, research papers, media reports, articles on instances of disinformation and fake news to find solutions and future developments keeping India in focus. The subject of study assumes significance in a democracy like India which has recently notified a new regulatory regime - 'The Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021,' to strengthen the regulatory architecture to tackle misuse of social media to deal with the fast- growing new communication challenges. The study critically examines these new guidelines and also highlights the patchy policy syndrome of internet content governance in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Aerospace Sector Is Very Different From Other Sectors As It Needs High Capital Investment, Continuous Technology Advancement Along With The Drawbacks Of Low-Profit Margin And High Gestation Period. Indian Aerospace Industry Is Growing Fast Due To High Demand In Civil And Military Aviation. The Structure Of The Industry Is Changing Fast, And Opening Up For The Start-Ups At Tier 3 And Tier 2 Levels. It Provides Scope For Innovation And Creativity. Engineers And Scientists Can Use Their Expertise And Become Entrepreneurs. This Paper Emphasizes That There Are Huge Opportunities For Startups In The Aerospace Industry In India Due To The Higher Rate Of Growth Supported By The Government, Availability Of Human Resources, And Investment By Big Original Equipment Manufacturers. This Paper Has Analyzed The Growth Of The Aerospace Industry And Its Changing Shape Resulting In Scope For Entrepreneurship, High- Tech Entrepreneurship, And The Motivation-Behavior Factors For The Entrepreneurship Identified By The Researchers, The Entrepreneurs And The Industry Experts. The Motivating Factors Identified By Them Include Role Models, Education In The Field, Work Experience In An Aerospace Company, Patriotism, Childhood Dream, Opportunities In The Sector, Freedom To Become An Entrepreneur, To Be Own Boss, Push Beyond Status Quo, Research Orientation, Ability To Work On Cutting Edge Technologies, Support From Original Equipment Manufacturers And The Government, And Availability Of Required Human Resources At A Low-Cost. A Conceptual Framework Has Been Developed In The Paper Which Can Be Used For Further Research In The Field. As No Specific Research Is Found In This Field, This Paper Opens Up A New Avenue For Research In This Field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid 19 has unleashed unprecedented challenges in terms of sharply dwindling employment and health care vulnerability in India, as never seen before. The closest parallel is Economic Depression of the 1930s. The Government of India has announced a series of fiscal stimulus to resuscitate the most vulnerable sections of Indian economy like peripatetic migrant laborers, Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), street vendors, small farmers and unskilled MNREGA workers. This paper specifically looks at the likely impact of Rs.41000/- crore additional allocations to by Finance Minister in April 2020 MNREGA in mitigating disruption caused to about 80 million migrant workers. It also takes stock of allocation to National Health mission; its poor impact on Human Development Index (HDI), high Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) compared to global trends and suggests a way forward. The paper makes a strong case to eschew populist moves like relying on doles and Universal Basic Income (UBI), but instead opt for a strong push to neglected public sector investment in merit goods like good primary health care and quality grassroots education, sanitation and skilling. It makes a strong pitch to make right to health care a fundamental right and change our public policy discourse in health care from insurance based to building adequate health infrastructure, as is in vogue in NHS (National Health Scheme) of UK [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper seeks to discuss the role played by Universities, such as in encouraging application as well as the development of online modes of dispute resolution through Mediation, in addition to the already existing court referred and court annexed mediations that are prevalent in today's world. The paper includes doctrinal as well as empirical mode of research and seeks to ensure a case study based approach in analyzing the Online Consumer Mediation Centre (OCMC) started by the National Law School of India University, Bangalore. The author has tried to strike a comparative analysis between the OCMC and various other global institutions involved in encouraging the use of online dispute settlement tools. By analyzing the pros and cons of the OCMC, the paper also delves into the technical and legislative challenges in implementing such a mechanism of dispute resolution. The final part of the paper analyses the ways in which educational institutions in India have implemented online mediation services to speed up the justice delivery system in India along with suggestions and recommendations which may help in improving the present system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the health care sector predictive analytics is always a need but right now in times of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic it became a necessity. During the early surge of the COVID-19, around the world many hospitals are facing problems to predict the exact number of required ventilators and bed capacity especially in countries like India where mostly government healthcare units are in poor shape. Various models were implemented based on the technologies available but in regions with large populations these models are not appropriate and are unable to give accurate predictions. This paper discusses a predictive analytical model which can be used to facilitate hospital's prediction power in determining the ventilator requirements for COVID-19 patients, using the provided data from hospitals. This paper aims on the implementation of a predictive algorithm based on the available data proportion of COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU and hospital for determination of required number of ventilators in advance. The implementation is carried out using a supervised machine learning technique called random forest regression algorithm. Moreover based on the model's prediction and the current supply of ventilators in hospitals, additional demand for ventilators could be prepared in advance for critical patients which may require it at any time. And the predicted increased demand of ventilators can be produced by the supplier industry, it is an example of industry intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broadcast journalism is a comparatively new area in the journalism teaching arena as it is competitively a new subject in the Indian sub-continent. News broadcasting in India has a long history of almost 100 years. The first news bulletin went on air on July, 23, 1927 through a private radio company. But the regular news broadcasting service started under the regime of the Indian Broadcasting service (IBS) which was named afterwards All India Radio in the year 1936.( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_in_India)Television as a medium in India had existed from the year 1959, but because of the priority of the government,India and the conservative approach of bureaucracy TV was not used for news and current affairs for many years .In1965 Doordarshan, Delhi started a 5 minutes new bulletin and that is the beginning of the broadcast journalism genre on Indian soil .After Mumbai Doordarshan and the other 5 metro TV stations started around 1972-73, real TV journalism found its roots. (dd report pce.pdf - Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.1) All India Radio and Doordarshan had a monopoly of audio& audio- visual news segment in India until the year 1992.However, in the academic circle of journalism and mass communication in Maharashtra, these segments were hardly considered as subjects to be included in curricula and syllabus as a major area of study. Subjects like Television and Radio were there very much in the study programme, but with limited scope. Journalism of Radio & TV had no place in it. This is a major reason that pedagogy for broadcast journalism had not got a berth in the educational diaspora. The present research paper will discuss and study this aspect at length. The second concerning area is on college- level science of education and theory of education, particularly in journalism branch had not been looked into seriously and with due weightage. The researcher, who is also a faculty in broadcast journalism for about 30 years, had taught these subjects in many colleges and institutes in Pune& Maharashtra as a visiting faculty and a subject expert. The present paper would also analyze some experiments done by him to teach broadcast journalism and equip students with more comprehension and clarity. Broadcast journalism a lucrative profession ever growing hand in hand with online media needs facelift through strong pedagogy to teach this subject with more precision and finesse. In this paper, the researcher would be sharing his experiences of teaching broadcast journalism and his findings along with an experiment which that he has conducted for teaching Broadcast journalism module. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal Education has faced a radical change not only in India but throughout the globe. Technological entry in the learning and teaching process has made a tremendous impact on this industry. The impact can be noticed in both ways, positive as well as negative. This research paper is an analytical study of various contributory elements to legal education. It focuses on the impact of these contributory factors such as globalisation, digitalisation, and Covid-19 impact. The first part of paper studies the legal education system in India. Role of University Grant Commission and Bar Council of India in promoting legal education in India is discussed in this part of the paper. Several initiatives considered to transform the basic legal education to advanced education system. It is exploring new initiatives introduced to take the legal education to the next level. This part also exposes various innovative methods of teaching which were introduced in the modern era. Practical training, moot court skills and advocacy skills became an integral part of the legal education. This part also exhibits the introduction of clinical legal education system. Clinical legal education became a stipulation to make good professional. This method helped law students to polish skills required for getting started with their professional careers. The paper put emphasis on the importance of clinical legal education. Second part of the paper is about globalisation and its impact on Indian legal education. The trends that influenced the education system, highlighting legal education is discussed in this part. World became a global village and education had no boundaries. In this scenario how Indian Legal Education found itself in the top gear to keep the pace with emerging trends is elaborated in this part of the paper. Third part of the paper explains and discusses the digital revolution that took Indian Legal education to the next level. Digitalisation had not only physical impact but the mental effect on the teachers as well as the students. India faced no small hurdle to stand in the global scenario with the digital platforms. Government initiatives and open access platforms have played a significant role in the Digital India scenario. The paper highlights major efforts of the government to be on the competitive podium along with other countries. Swayam, NPTEL and many more efforts of Indian government to make technical education accessible on e-platform is discussed in this part of the paper. Paper emphasises on understanding new technologies utilised in teaching in the digitalised India. Utility of new techniques while teaching law has been major informative part in this paper. The researchers strive to make readers understand the impact of these new techniques on the health, physical as well as mental of teachers and law students. Final part of the paper is conclusion. The authors put their opinions on emerging trends in legal education. This part is inclusive of the criticism. Authors have strived to make the readers realise the other side of the use of new technology. This part elaborates the Indian social-economic condition while coping up with the new technology. Along with the darker side, this part cares for the government efforts for making India the best place for pursuing legal education and be the topmost destination for the legal studies around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's business environment, Corporate Social Responsibility has reflected in the creation of a new attitude towards entrepreneurship. Corporations can no longer act as only economic entities operating merely for maximizing profit. For businesses, the need of the hour is to face global challenges by incorporating economic, social and environmental consciousness in management strategies. Corporate Social Responsibility is now dynamically embedded in each and every corporation's agenda. Corporate social responsibility may be defined as when a company shows socially accountable attitude towards its stakeholders; which includes its employees, customers, shareholders, government and the society in which it operates. No doubt, our country will face many developmental issues during and post this pandemic period, but we can address them to some extent by implementing CSR initiatives collectively through public-private partnerships. The present paper call attention towards the significance of CSR in our country, India and to find out how we can channelize CSR funds in different development sectors to achieve inclusive growth post Covid-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In World and particularly in South Asia, violent extremism is associated with Muslims only. Quite the reverse, the Hindu extremism or Saffron terror in India is easily ignored. Bharatya Janata Party (BJP)’s rule under Narendra Modi for the second time has unleashed the political face of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and Hindu fundamentalism. This paper examines historical development of RSS led Hindutva in relation to broader sociopolitical dynamics. It also attempts to provide an alternative point of view by concentrating on the rise of Hindutva and how its consolidation of political power in India has an impact on social development of South Asian people. First and foremost, the paper establishes Hindutva terrorism as a legitimate threat to regional political environment and people living in it. . Due to the fact that antiMuslim and anti-Pakistan sentiments are at the heart of Saffron terror, Pakistan must take counter- measures and raise awareness among regional and international leaders about the increasing influence of Hindu fanatics in the Indian society. Ultimately, the paper concludes that Hindutva violence and politics in nuclear-armed India is becoming permanent, and as a result, it will remain to have a significant influence on South Asian societies in the foreseeable future. In order to study and analyze this subject, both the qualitative and quantitative research techniques - including interviews and statistical charts - have been used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acid attack is a gender based problem. In fact the patriarchal mindset of Indian society is that women’s beauty and body only controlled by men, Men have a set concept about women’s body are essential meant to please men. Women invest more time in beauty, fashion, cosmetics, dressing patterns, fitness and other stuffs, to just impress men, rather men do less, have focused on career and money making process. This deceit illustration making society to except it like this way, however it is largely bogus. Several types of Crime against women are already deeply rotten in Indian society, presently a horrifying menace of acid attacks on women has been disturbing social order. The large number of acid attacks on women in India is growing in every passing year. The latest data released by ‘India Today Data Intelligence Unit’ has exposed that between 2014 and 2018 there are approx 1,483 victims of acid in the country. It also reveals that the huge number of reported cases are; due to relationship breakups, one side love, romance refusal, rejection of marriage proposal and physical intimacy, jealousy, family property disputes, and marital disengagement. This paper will try to explore scenario of acid attacks on women in Delhi. This paper will try to make an attempt to highlight prime causes and consequences of attacks and supporting and benefitting agencies to Acid burn survivors in Delhi in contemporary times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Labour Class of a given socio-political and economic dispensation is a key segment of the same and the greater Indian scenario is also not exceptional from this fact. Though, the history of Indian labour class can be traced from the time immemorial, but the labour class in true sense in India emerged only in colonial period. Importantly, it has been a complex task from the very beginning to till date to organize the Indian labour class owing different structural and social causes. However, it has widely been seen that numerous attempts have been made on the parts of various entities ranging from philanthropic personalities to the Trade Unions infused with diverge political lore for awakening labour class in India and to make them organized. Hence, this paper makes a humble attempt to throw some lights on the historical background and political orientation of organizing Indian labour in a brief manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empowerment in the context of women’s development is a way of defining, challenging and overcoming barriers in a woman’s life through which she increases her ability to shape her life and environment. Today, globalization has presented new challenges for the realization of the goal of women’s equality, the gender impact of which has not been systematically evaluated fully. The Government of India and state authorities alike have increasingly realized the importance of devoting attention to the economic betterment and development of women in India. In India, self-help groups represent a unique approach to financial intermediation. Self help groups are novel and innovative organizational setup in India for the women up-liftment and welfare. This paper highlighted the role of self-help groups in empowering women and discusses its importance for the economic development of women of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the Internet and E-Commerce on traditional forms of retailing has been enormously observed and discussed. The concept of E- Retailing is not restricted to the young generation only but in this modern era almost one and all is acknowledging it and directly or indirectly deals with it. Without doubt, the existing ways of operating and the associated cost structures within retailing will be reassessed under the onslaught of new technology and new retail structures. This paper is an attempt by the researchers to discuss the challenges and to find out further opportunities in the field of E-Retailing in India. It reviews the situation as well as the introduction of new strengthens. This research is micro and descriptive in nature; the data collection is secondary in character. The data has been gathered from various secondary sources such as research journals, articles, news papers, magazines and E- Resources as well. Three conclusions are drawn. First, the largest retailers are now pursuing Internet-enabled advantages and cost reductions in operations, which could translate to enhanced competitive position in process, structure and relationship terms. Secondly, consumer reactions to the new real and virtual offers will be fundamental to their success and failure, but as yet consumer reactions are not fully understood. Thirdly, existing retail floor space will need enhancement in quality and presentation if it is to continue to provide retail functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This "paper critically evaluates the design of India's Anti-poverty programmes. In recent years, successive Indian Governments have sought to improve the performance of these programmes by decentralizing their administration, vesting village governments with greater responsibility for their monitoring and oversight. An academic literature hypothesizes that socioeconomic divisions within villages and the weak political strength of the poor reduces the effectiveness of decentralized programmes since, under these conditions, elites are able to 'capture' funds intended for the poor. This paper argues that the effect of administrative decentralization of poverty programmes and local public goods on the magnitude of benefits to the poor depends not just on their political strength but also on the incentives the non-poor have to improve the welfare of the poor. The design of policy pays insufficient attention to such incentive issues. Empirical analysis provides support for this belief. The regression analysis of the paper reveals that welfare receipts affect the labour supply decisions of the poor and that the implementation of welfare programmes under control of village governments takes these effects into account.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development and benefit accrued from development has always been a subjective issue because it implies the gain of one and the loss of another. With the creation of the State greater importance was assumed by public purpose since it was now the State which acquired property and created something useful for all. Throughout the course of Indian history private rights and collective rights have been pitted against each other and recently this tussle has been highlighted by the proposed Lakshadweep Town and Country Planning Regulation, 2021. The research is aimed towards firstly, to understand the ecosystem of Lakshadweep and the suitability of the regulation; secondly, to look into the implementation mechanism and whether it allows for a participatory process. Since the regulation draws powers of acquisition from the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 which is a general law to acquire land and the Regulation provides for a special scenario, therefore, the modification of public purpose for this special purpose shall become the third component of the paper. Public purpose has always been construed in the economic sense therefore towards the end of the paper the viability of this economic construction shall be examined especially with respect to Lakshadweep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to empirically analyse the efficiency of public and private sector banks in India. The paper uses data envelopment analysis to measure and compare the efficiency of banks. Three measures of efficiency viz. total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are computed. The paper evaluates and compares the efficiency of public and private sector banks by utilizing the RBI published data set for the period 2015 to 2019. The paper concludes with empirical results that public sector banks are less efficient in terms of total technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency than private sector banks. However, both these sectors have equal scale efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rainwater harvesting is the method of collection, store and use of rainwater where ever it falls. Tropical climatic conditions will receive extreme precipitation, i.e. in form of rain. Water stress and scarcity is happening around the world especially in urban areas as the demand is more because of density of population. As the infrastructure of basic needs at urban areas are almost up to the level, the paved areas will be present in most of the areas. The gap between supply and demand is varying much essentially in urban areas. Thus, the rainwater harvesting at plot level as well as at community level is becoming very much essential so as to minimize the gap between demand and supply. The harvested water lead to supplement the main supply of water and lessens the pressure on main source of water for the existing urban settlement. The present paper deals with the frame work for sustainable rainwater harvesting at a town level. The paper deals with correlating the selected eight study pockets in Guntur town, Andhra Pradesh, India by making the grouping of plots based on the area of the plots with regard to dwelling units related to occupants. The correlation analysis directed to establish strong relation between different study pockets with respect to LPCDs to workout settlement level Sustainable harvestable rainwater frame work with due consideration to density of population, slope, topography and meteorological parameters etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The link between FDIs and economic growth has been analysed in order to examine the performance of FDIs in the Indian economy. FDI Equity Inflows and GDP are used as proxy for India's foreign direct investment and economic development. In order to examine the connection between FDI and GDP between 1991-92 and 2016-17, is both short-term and long-term. In other words, the main prerequisite for sustainable economic development in the Indian economy is foreign direct investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before 600 BC to1947, Indian education system had witnessed various transitional phases: Vedic, Buddhist, Jain, Islam, Mughal, Missionary and the British, the wave of national movement for education for Indians. Hence, the paper aims to project in synoptic way to concise the entire transition of educational system of India up-to 1947. The paper too focuses the salient features of each phases of education and also highlights how change of education had occurred during the span of time immemorial. The quest of spiritual identity to materialistic identity, to materialistic identity to patriotic identity, to patriotic identity to self-reliant identity all have been transplanted to the Indian people only by the means of education. The paper hence focuses a overall bird's eye-view of transition of education and also helps to comprehend how the nature of education has been shifted along with the span of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the four specific dimensions, namely financial support, Government support, personal traits factors contributing to success, and challenges faced by rural women entrepreneurship. The focus was on the SME sector in Bengaluru, rural India. This paper uses a quantitative research methodology with a structured questionnaire. Data were collected using the face-face interview to study the fifty respondents of rural women entrepreneurs. The study highlights that Financial support, Government support, and personal traits play a significant role in encouraging rural women to engage in entrepreneurial activities and influence decisions. Each factor being interrelated, achieving the integration among them will considerably enhance entrepreneurial success. The main limitation is the narrow scope, emphasizing only four factors and their interrelations. There are implications for further work on other types of capital. The study being SMEs specific limits generalization. It contributes insights into the need for MSMEs examinations in the review of the literature. Rural women's entrepreneurship needs align with understanding government and institutional financial supporting factors and their interrelations. The role of Government and other institutions varies between prior and non-prior entrepreneurial experience. This study provides information on the role of Government and institutional financial support factors on rural women entrepreneurship. It contributes to a better understanding of how each variable is accumulated and utilized in rural women entrepreneurship development using SMEs' perspective in Bengaluru Rural, India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today youth employment is the biggest concern of the nation. According to the Centre for the Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) the unemployment rate in India has been increased by 6.9% in February'2021, as compared to January'2021 i.e., 6.53%. Now again due to the second wave of Covid, the unemployment rate is reaching at its worst and the local lockdown scenario in many states have witnessed a huge impact over the jobs, almost 70 lakhs jobs have been suffered. This also indicates that situation may get even more worse if the lockdown will continue to happen and things don't get under control soon. As per the article published in "The India Express" May 11' 2021, the employability of engineering graduates is registered 47.38% only, which is highest among all other domains, on the one hand where country is facing a continuous increasing challenge of employment, at the same time there is a new wave of online courses have arrived apart from the regular degree/diploma programs. This paper tries to analyse the market potential for these online courses and tries to investigate whether the candidate gets the real benefit after completing these online courses which claims to be specialised in certain area or domain in terms of providing employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational institutions across the world are passing through a transformation period. To meet out the social and commercial expectation of stakeholder's government took several initiatives to strengthen and fulfill the demand of technology based, futuristic and carrier-oriented education and have invested many dollars to adopt ICT within the education system during the last 20 years. Information and communication technology (ICT) has become a crucial source of innovation and improvement of efficiency for several sectors across the world. In the education sector, particularly, the appliance of ICT has become a critical a part of the training process for university students both outside and inside the classroom setting. This paper addresses the role and benefits of ICTs in various aspects of higher education in the present scenario ad defining the role of ICT as a catalyst in the growth of higher education. Further this paper critically analyzes some previous researches related to ICT in the Indian Education System. This paper has also discussed the initiatives taken by the government to implement ICT in higher education and providing them quality education. We further came up with recommendations to address the different issues of ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Number of developments have taken place in the Indian banking industry since liberalization, privatization and globalization. With the advent of these changes, the banking industry in India has under gone tremendous changes. A Strong, healthy and sustainable banking industry is very important for the overall development of any economy. Today banking is known as innovative banking. With the development of information technology, the whole world has now become a global village and it has brought tremendous changes in the banking industry. Since 1980s, Indian banking sector has undergone through technological advancement phase and most of the banks have countered their business as e-business. With these technological advancements, a brand new era of banking has developed, which is known as ebanking. Today many people are moving towards e-banking as buy its use it becomes easy for customers to manage their account from any place and at any time and this charge very nominal cost. It is not wrong to say that e-banking is one of the most popular and latest technological wonders in the field of banking which has given the banking sector a new dimension for growth. E-banking has helped the banking industry to improving their customer relations. Further, new technology has changed the traditional way of doing banking business. Customers can view the accounts, get account statements, transfer funds, order drafts by using an electronic channel. E-banking has enabled the Indian banking industry to not only come out with new products and services but also brought efficiencies in the backend processes.E-banking services are new and services for Indian customers. As a result Indian banks are investing heavily in the technologies such as branch automation and computerization, core banking, Tele-banking, mobile banking (Mbanking), internet banking, automated teller machine (ATMs), data warehousing etc. The impact of automation in the banking sector is undoubtedly difficult to measure. The present paper mainly focused on the need for e-banking in India and alsoexamines thegrowth and challenges of E-banking in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Covid-19 pandemic, most of the population in the country has lost their livelihood. A lack of income sources and the closing of industries led to hardship. Unpredictable natural crises had a significant impact on business growth and profitability, and simultaneously it has led to a rise in insolvencies and unemployment. Entrepreneurs have emerged as the primary contributors in generating sustainable livelihood in the post-Covid-19 pandemic with their practical innovations, techniques and creating income opportunities for others. It is essential to support MSMEs (micro, small, and medium-sized firms) in India because of their importance to the country's economic growth, job creation, and ability to manufacture globally competitive goods. The majority of women populations are involved in the development of micro-level enterprises. Rural women entrepreneurs have emerged as a comparatively prosperous occurrence and becoming increasingly relevant in India. This paper is based on the West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand state and grounded on the study population's primary and secondary data. The report aims to identify the impact of covid-19 on small entrepreneurs and describe various available income opportunities that can be generated through micro-entrepreneurial activity among rural women. The expected concluding remark of this paper would be suggesting the necessity of micro-entrepreneurship options as an integral part of the source of income among women in the rural scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Covid-19 pandemic, most of the population in the country has lost their livelihood. A lack of income sources and the closing of industries led to hardship. Unpredictable natural crises had a significant impact on business growth and profitability, and simultaneously it has led to a rise in insolvencies and unemployment. Entrepreneurs have emerged as the primary contributors in generating sustainable livelihood in the post-Covid-19 pandemic with their practical innovations, techniques and creating income opportunities for others. It is essential to support MSMEs (micro, small, and medium-sized firms) in India because of their importance to the country's economic growth, job creation, and ability to manufacture globally competitive goods. The majority of women populations are involved in the development of micro-level enterprises. Rural women entrepreneurs have emerged as a comparatively prosperous occurrence and becoming increasingly relevant in India. This paper is based on the West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand state and grounded on the study population's primary and secondary data. The report aims to identify the impact of covid-19 on small entrepreneurs and describe various available income opportunities that can be generated through micro-entrepreneurial activity among rural women. The expected concluding remark of this paper would be suggesting the necessity of micro-entrepreneurship options as an integral part of the source of income among women in the rural scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]