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The present paper analyses language used in forums about journeys by train, in particular focusing on their thematic and linguistic-functional characteristics. The choice of this type of forum is due to the fact that travelers are more and more interested in travelling by train because of various factors such as economy, environmental protection and the desire for a comfortable means of transport. The paper focuses on the forum https://rail.cc/de/forum and it examines 100 German and 100 English postings, offering a contrastive analysis. The main questions of the investigation are as follows: 1) How are German and English postings structured according to their topics? 2) What kind of relationship exists between the language used and linguistic functions of the postings?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reflects on the linguistic needs in the field of tourism communication in Italy starting from data on the main tourist markets of origin in Italy. After an overview on language choice in the pre-trip stage on national and regional level, it outlines a research project on language contact between German speaking tourists and hosts in Piedmont aiming at enhancing the quality of communication with German as a foreign language for tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article presents a study which describes language and religious educational policies among Jerusalem missionary schools in Ottoman and Mandatory Palestine. The author evaluates these policies, offers a brief overview of the international stakes concerning the Palestine territory from 1870 to 1948, and provides information on French colonial linguistic policy studies from that era. Also examined are the French language as a vector for the Catholic religion, the role of French Catholic establishments in the dissemination of the French language with the French government's support, and the recruiting of Jewish and Muslim students at the beginning of the 20th century.

The article discusses foreign language education in Spain. The author examines political aspects of language education policies related to the number of languages, teaching methods, and the age at which language instruction is started, the teaching of languages in territories including Basque, Catalonia, and Galicia, and education in a second foreign language under guidelines from the European Union (EU). The author presents the autonomous regions Andalusia and Catalonia as examples, looking at the development of curricula, bilingual education, and native language education.

The article compares economical sciences with linguistic economy. Economists analyze the significance of linguistics on variable economics. Work should be balanced in order to encounter various aspects concerning socio-economic factors. Methodologies can differentiate the economic forms that can be helpful in understanding linguistic paradigms. Economic sciences study the relationship between the economy and the language. It can contribute in examining various linguistic phenomenon like linguistic politics.

The article focuses on the restructuring of schools using multilingual medium. School is not simply place of transmission or building of knowledge, but also site of production of social and cultural reproduction, and notably the place of citizens' production of the State. The school is one of the most important areas of protest, as it was one of the first institutions to attract the architects of the modern State. The school in multilingual medium attracts one's attention because it is a ground of conflict of power as part of the ideology of the State. The linguistic practices in multilingual medium are not only questions of building of multilingual repertoires having various characteristics. Their form is overlapped in the history of the school as social institution, in links between the pedagogic, linguistic, national and colonialist ideologies, and in the possibilities of taking over or protest of the value of means which the school distributes.