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An innovation in paper technology that is totally different from the papermaking technology that has been known now, has been found in the 21st century in China. This new discovery paper does not use cellulose fibers as its raw material, and does not use water at all in its production process. Because it is made of inorganic mineral coming from calcite rocks, this paper is called 'rock paper' or stone paper. The process of stone papermaking in principle mixes fine powder of calcite rock with non-toxic resin, one of which is HDPE (high density polyethylene), as well as other additives, then melted at high temperatures and formed into a sheets like paper. The properties of stone paper are very similar and even have advantages compared to conventional paper. This type of paper is claimed to be more environmentally friendly than conventional paper because it does not use plant fibers as raw material, which means there is no trees cut. It can be recycled and produces low greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching technical writing to engineering researchers particularly post graduate students is a demanding and complex task. Often the challenge faced by the language instructor is in having inadequate understanding on students' expected writing output which is engineering research publication. While the language instructors may find the language use aspect manageable, it is the understanding on expected writing output for engineering discipline that is a challenge; therefore, supporting language module developers to understand those expected outputs is essential and needed for the advancement in language teaching. In view on the need for the description of the targeted output which is engineering publication, this study focuses on supporting the understanding of engineering research publication specifically on drones. This study is aimed to describe the perimeter of research publication on drones written by prolific engineering writers. This paper uses bibliometric analysis method which is based on identifying the core research and authors, as well as the works that cited them. This study examines 275 research publications indexed in SCOPUS database and also investigates 1947 research publications that cited the 275 publications as reference source. The findings show that the publications are mostly articles, conference papers and reviews deriving mostly from the US, China and the UK whereas the citing documents are mostly from China, the UK and the US. This paper presents the description on the perimeter for both groups. Such description provides a ready narrative to language instructors as well as ready narratives and guidance on writing/content dimension for young scholars embarking on writing scholarly articles on drone research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growth of global energy demand and the pressure of environmental protection, ocean energy has received widespread attention as a clean and sustainable form of energy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze various forms of ocean energy, explore its working principles, power generation technologies and application potential, and evaluate its research progress on a global scale. This paper details the working principle and power generation technology of ocean current, tidal, wave, temperature difference and salt difference energy. Especially in terms of salt differential energy, this paper analyzes the key role of permeable membrane technology and the large-scale production of low-cost special membranes. The analysis shows that countries have made significant progress in research in the field of ocean energy, especially in ocean current energy and tidal energy. China has also made breakthroughs in ocean current, wave and temperature difference energy. In short, ocean energy has great potential for development as a clean and sustainable energy source. Future development trends will focus on improving power generation efficiency, reducing costs, and reducing ecological environmental impact. As technology advances and costs fall, ocean energy is expected to occupy a more important position in the global energy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its original announcement in Wuhan, the (COVID-19) has become a well-known medical illness in China and around the world. The plague has wreaked social and economic outcomes all over the world. The increased number of COVID-19 testing provides additional information about the pestilence's spread, potentially allowing our environmental factors to prevent future pollution wearing a facial covering that prevents flying beads, maintaining sufficient separation between individuals, and limiting close contact can all help to combat the outbreak. Hence, this examination paper centers on utilizing As an implanted vision framework, the Face Mask, and the Social Distance Discovery concept are used. Individuals who were found disregarding the local area or not wearing a veil were found. After making and eliminating the models, the anointed one got 100 percent certainty focuses. This paper gives a relative investigation of facial recognition and facial veiling models. Framework execution is tried for precision, memory, F1 focuses, and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we bring a comparison study between the original genome sequence of SARS-CoV 2 virus, ID: MN908947, coming from China 2019, and sequences of SARS-CoV 2 virus - P.1 variant, coming from Brazil 2021. Using tools of stochastic processes and through the identification of each sequence as being a sample of a stochastic process, after finding the best model for each sequence, we build dendrograms using a metric introduced in [1] that show that the original sequence can be considered in a separated cluster when compared with the P.1 variant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the impact of a covid-19 pandemic on the global economy. The empirical analysis of the work is based on data before and after (2019-2021) covid-19 and uses OECD data figures. The paper uses comparative analysis to find out changes during the pandemic and at the height of the pandemic, the global economy has passed the lowest point of the crisis, and it began economic growth in the leading countries of the world. This growth, like the crisis, developed in different ways in the economies of the US, EU and China. Our results show that during the pandemic, as a result of the lockdown, almost simultaneously, there was an abrupt increase in unemployment and a decline in production in all countries. In OECD countries, unemployment jumped from 5.2% in February to 8.5% in April, in the US - from 3.5% in February to 14.4% in April, in China - from 5.3% in January up to 6.2% in February. In China, both the epidemic and the economic crisis began earlier than in all other countries, respectively, the economy began to grow earlier. Our findings come to conclusion in a such way, despite the fact that, according to the forecast, the damage in the medium term will be less than after the global financial crisis, it is still significant. So, in 2024, the expected level of world production will be about 3 percent lower than before the pandemic. Countries differ in the degree of expected scarring, depending on the structure of the economy and the scale of the policy response. Emerging market and developing economies are predicted to face more palpable scars than advanced economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preventive conservation, which originated from the field of heritage conservation in Europe, is a concept developed from modern conservation theories and practices. In the field of architectural heritage conservation, it aims to ensure that the value and historical information of architectural heritage are authentically and completely preserved to the maximum extent through minimal intervention. After being introduced into Chinese academia in the early 21st century, preventive conservation as a professional theory has gradually become a research hotspot with extensive discussions. Although preventive conservation is a foreign concept, throughout Chinese architectural heritage conservation history, a fact can be discovered: some practices in China from ancient times to the present have reflected the concept of preventive conservation. In ancient China, cyclical maintenance and regular repairs were important traditions of architectural conservation. The Qing court established the annual repair system, and there were also craftsmen engaged in building maintenance in the folk. In modern times, in response to the needs of protection and management, some protected cultural heritage entities in China carried out various forms of work such as monitoring and periodic inspection to conduct practical explorations of preventive conservation. Moreover, drawing on the international experience of preventive conservation, professionals preliminarily discussed the related issues of architectural heritage conservation in China. Based on years of research and efforts, the concept of heritage conservation in China is changing from "rescue conservation mainly" to "emphasis on both rescue conservation and preventive conservation". This paper gives an overview of preventive conservation of architectural heritage in China, including historical context, theoretical research, policies, and regulations. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the current status of architectural heritage conservation in China in combination with practical projects and conducts in-depth discussions of the existing problems, in order to explore effective methods for preventive conservation of architectural heritage in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preventive conservation, which originated from the field of heritage conservation in Europe, is a concept developed from modern conservation theories and practices. In the field of architectural heritage conservation, it aims to ensure that the value and historical information of architectural heritage are authentically and completely preserved to the maximum extent through minimal intervention. After being introduced into Chinese academia in the early 21st century, preventive conservation as a professional theory has gradually become a research hotspot with extensive discussions. Although preventive conservation is a foreign concept, throughout Chinese architectural heritage conservation history, a fact can be discovered: some practices in China from ancient times to the present have reflected the concept of preventive conservation. In ancient China, cyclical maintenance and regular repairs were important traditions of architectural conservation. The Qing court established the annual repair system, and there were also craftsmen engaged in building maintenance in the folk. In modern times, in response to the needs of protection and management, some protected cultural heritage entities in China carried out various forms of work such as monitoring and periodic inspection to conduct practical explorations of preventive conservation. Moreover, drawing on the international experience of preventive conservation, professionals preliminarily discussed the related issues of architectural heritage conservation in China. Based on years of research and efforts, the concept of heritage conservation in China is changing from "rescue conservation mainly" to "emphasis on both rescue conservation and preventive conservation". This paper gives an overview of preventive conservation of architectural heritage in China, including historical context, theoretical research, policies, and regulations. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the current status of architectural heritage conservation in China in combination with practical projects and conducts in-depth discussions of the existing problems, in order to explore effective methods for preventive conservation of architectural heritage in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health and medicine has gained a lot of importance in today's digital world, where evolving technology is being used to fight against almost all the known diseases thoroughly. But, according to reports, more than two lakh people in China and one lakh in United States of America are dead every year due to the mistakes made while prescribing errors. This paper aims to propose a system which takes as input the symptoms from the patient to predict the disease, which is followed by recommending the correct medicine. This system consists of database system module where disease dataset contains attributes like "DiseaseID", "Disease", "Symptoms" and "count of occurrences" and drug dataset has additional attributes such as "drug" and "drug_rating". In the data preparation module, a new data frame is created where each disease with its associated symptom is given "1" and "0" if it is not the symptom related. After all these steps of preprocessing are performed on the raw dataset, the dataset is now ready to be acted upon by a machine learning algorithm. Models like Decision Tree, Random Forest and Naive Bayes were applied on the training-dataset. Entire knowledge database was fitted in models and it was seen if not much dataset is used Random Forest And Naïve Bayes classifiers showed 84% accuracy whereas Decision Tree gives 92%. But Random Forest also gives accuracy similar to Decision Tree for large dataset. Hence for disease prediction we use Decision Tree. The recommendation is done on the basis of the rating of the drug. After this, only the drug with the highest rating is included in a newly formed dataset and the rest of the drugs are ignored. The system is implemented for user access by making use of Tkinter a python GUI Library for constructing the desktop end user interface. This paper deals with the design and implementation of a system which performs the function of prediction of diseases and the recommendation of medicines, which adds to the capabilities of the present systems in health infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States and China are strong trading partners of Malaysia, with about 23% of total exports in 2017. Therefore, the trade war pressures since 2018 between the United States and China have affected the Malaysian economy. Thus, this paper aims to analyse the effects of the war on the Malaysian stock market using a threshold network approach. Then, the networks examine the changes of important stocks before, during and after the trade war in which the periods are taken from 16th March 2017 until 31st May 2021. The important stocks are determined by four standard centrality approaches, namely degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. This paper uses 240 companies of the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Emas Index to create the Malaysian stock market networks. The results show that Dagang Nexchange Berhad and Jaya Tiasa Holdings Berhad have higher connectivity with other stocks during the turmoil period and after the turmoil period respectively. Besides, Dagang Nexchange Berhad acts as the most important stock according to all centrality measures. The findings of this study give an insight to the government regulators and investors with information regarding the current topological structure of Malaysia's stock market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is a tough, long-lasting substance which have high tolerance toward high-temperature that are suitable for filament fabrication. ABS is known to be perfect for 3D printing due to low melting point and facile to utilize. In this work, the temperature processing parameter (220 to 270°C) of ABS (from China) filaments for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) by using the Desktop Filament Extruder machine was studied. The printed specimens were fabricated according to ASTM standards for tensile test (D638) and Izod impact test (D256). From the findings, the filament of 3D printers were successfully fabricated at temperatures of 220 °C, 230 °C, and 240 °C. The sample were tested on mechanical characteristics, given tensile strength, elastic modulus, impact strength and impact energy of 40.146 MPa, 1691.12 MPa, 11.01 kJ/m2, and 1.84 J, respectively. The findings indicate that the strongest filament are the one that produce at extrusion temperature of 220 °C. For the better understanding in future research, this paper concluded proof of the variety of ABS pellets can be designated as an extruded filament fabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An original infection has spread over the global village in form of pandemic and the regular lifestyle of human beings got stuck with misfortunes. As it has been declared by the global organization of health sector namely WHO, this Covid got initiated from southern city of China during the last weeks of the year 2019. Based on the multiple observations, it was declared as most infectious as well contagious spread through wind or by coming in close contact with a tainted individual. Various methods have been implemented to cease off the fast spreading infectious disease. For example, keeping a social separation, that is to say, keeping a legitimate actual separation among individuals and reducing close contact with one another, and wearing a facial covering to stay away from the beads that are passed by means of wind air. Consequently, this paper put forth the observation made to explore the initiatives for maintaining physical distance in the public domain and to identify whether a Face Mask is worn or not. The architectural framework provides the exact location and position of an object along with an acknowledgment about facial coverage as per the WHO norms under the moving images of the persons who are into public domain. Our suggested model implements the existing procedures such as dual shot face detector, You look only once and finally ResNet algorithms. Irrespective of the origin location of an individual and their interaction among themselves taking into consideration the space between them and the facial expressions in a continuous form were recognized. A general outcomes dashboard has displayed the result composing the measures with regard to the abuses of an individual person and breaking the protocol of maintaining separate distance measures. Subsequent to carrying out and conveying the procedures of process, the above said exploration model accomplished an accuracy of maximum performance. Subsequently, this exploration project had come up with demonstrated realities that maintaining physical distance along with the usage of facial mask decreases the escalation of the disease, which lead to consequently constructs a procedures to assist with identifying the mentioned actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction industry as one of the sectors that causes climate change must start paying attention to environmental impacts. Through the provision of numerous ecosystem services, Green infrastructure (GI) is one of the essential strategies for achieving sustainable development since it can effectively coordinate social, economic, and environmental growth. Thus, GI has been highlighted as a promising strategy to aid cities in adapting to climate change. 197 papers published between 2016 and 2021 were organized and classified using the 7th version of Publish or Perish software as part of this study's literature review methodology. Results show that there has been a significant growth in research on green infrastructure in recent years, with Sustainability Journal dominating the field. The initial top three cited journals that cover GI research are China Earth Sciences, Construction & Building Materials, and Cities. Another set of findings reveals that issues with water, materials, heat, air pollution, and policies-regulation & cost have been particularly focused on. Future research is needed and quite promising, such as: green materials, solutions to water & flood problems, urban heat, and GI regulation are topics that need further research, especially in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, pesticide use continues to rise, estimated to be over four million tonnes yearly. In 2020, it was almost 2.7 million metric tons, up 57% from 1990. Nanotechnology is an innovative and exciting technology that offers new nanoscale molecule designs, formulations, and delivery systems to diminish the hazardous pesticide effects. Many studies on nano-pesticide production have been published, whereas nano-biopesticides are still limited. The purpose of this research is to answer the question of whether nano-biopesticide formulations will emerge along the development of nano-pesticides. The research was conducted by using bibliometric analysis. All nano-pesticide and nano-biopesticide-related publications are extracted from the Scopus with no limitations year. Using VOSviewer, data on research scope, authorship contributions, number of citations, and global research trends are evaluated and mapped. The results show that the publishing of nanoparticles has an exponential trend, with 125 nano-pesticide documents. However, only 14 nano-biopesticide documents are available. India is the most productive country, publishing both nano-pesticides and biopesticides articles, 52 and 9 publications. India connects the Australian and European continents regarding nano-pesticide publications. China is next, with 36 articles about nano-pesticides currently published. Al-Whaibi (average of 86 citations) and Iavicoli have extremely high citation counts (average of 125.5 citations). In synthesizing nano-biopesticide formulations, we found that essential oils are the most common ingredient in nano-biopesticides. In future, the topic related to the impact of nano-biopesticides on crop production and resistance; the combination of nano-biopesticides and nano-fertilizers; the study of nano-biopesticides' effects on the environment; and microbial as nano-biopesticides are some trend in the nano-biopesticide formulation. We predict that research on nano-biopesticides will increase rapidly in the context of eco-friendly issues. Finally, this paper can serve as a basis for the upcoming research on nano-biopesticide formulations, particularly those involving microorganisms as bioactive substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper adopts a very convenient 3D CAD method to quickly assess the seismic vulnerability of existing masonry towers. The study selected five typical collapse mechanisms, vertical splitting, base rocking, overturning with diagonal cracks (according to Heyman's approach on tilting towers), a combination of splitting and diagonal overturning and base sliding. The Zhongjiang South pagoda in China is selected as the research case. Basing on the principle of virtu-al works, assuming that masonry behaves as a small cohesion and frictional material, the collapse acceleration is calculat-ed with a direct manual procedure. The research results show that vertical splitting is the easiest collapse mechanism to appear, which is in full compliance with the results of the on-site survey carried out after the Zhongjiang earthquake, fur-ther demonstrating the reliability of this method. Such approach does not require complex mathematical foundations, can be easily mastered by non-professionals, and at the same time greatly reduces the amount of simulations/calculations, a feature which is helpful for the promotion of seismic research of masonry structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the human population has reached its peak in both the developing countries and developed countries like India and China. An increase in personnel density ended up being a hard task to maintain or manage people flow in socio-public places. However, people flow management is out of control for humans, which may also cause some safety damages. This paper aims to give an optimal solution for people flow with the help of machine learning, deep learning, and also AI-cameras are used for counting the number of people entering and leaving a user-defined place. Here, also the centroid tracking and centroid detecting algorithms are used to count the number of people together with their direction. This technique helps to replace manual security,in-store traffic management, and much more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WeChat is the most popular social media in the world, especially in China. There is no overview of publications in the area of WeChat Research which shows the big picture using data from all countries. This paper aims to review the status and visual map position of WeChat publication indexed by Scopus used a Bibliometric. The research was carried out using Bibliometric techniques. Data analysis as well as visualization utilizing VOS Viewer program and the Scopus function for analyze search results. In this review, the details collected applied to 1.264 documents issued from 2012 through 2019. The study reveals that He, L. and Sun Yat-Sen University were the most active individual scientists and affiliated institutions in WeChat Research. In WeChat Research, the Computer Science and Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes In Bioinformatics were the most areas of study and dissemination sources. There were three worldwide group maps with collaborative researchers. In order to identify the body of knowledge created from seven years of publication, this study constructed a convergence axis grouping comprising of WeChat Research: Social Networking, Education, Human, Article, WeChat. abbreviated as the SEHAW theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the whole world is fighting the war against Coronavirus. The spread of the virus has been observed in almost all the parts of the world. Covid-19 also known as SARS-Cov-2 was initially observed in China which rapidly multiplied all over the world. The disease is said to spread by cough, normal cold, sneezing or when a person is in close contact with someone who is already infected. Therefore, the spread of the virus can occur when there is direct contact with an infected person or with the objects touched by the infected person. Hence, it is important to detect the contiguous spread of the virus and control it by taking appropriate measures. Several deep learning models have been used in detecting many diseases like Malaria disease, Lung infection, Parkinson's disease etc. Likewise, CNN model along with other transfer techniques is best proven to detect whether a person is infected with covid positive or not. The dataset consists of 1000 images of covid positive and normal x-rays. The proposed model has been trained and tested on the image dataset with the help of transfer learning models in order to improve the performance of the model. The models VGG-16, ResNet-50, Inception v3 and Xception have achieved an overall accuracy of 93%,82%,96% and 92% respectively. The performance of all the 4 architectures are analyzed, understood and hence presented in this paper. It is hence important to classify and detect covid positive infection and contribute towards making the world Covid-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A trade war between China and United States began on March 23, 2018, that affecting the Malaysian economy. Basically, China is Malaysia's most essential and largest trading partner. Meanwhile, the United States is Malaysia's third-largest export market, accounting for 9.5 per cent of total exports, or RM88.7 billion. Any trade liberalisation between these two countries would have a major impact on the economic development of Malaysia. Therefore, the first objective of this research is to investigate the effect of the US-China war trade on the Malaysian market by using network analysis. The second objective is to examine the network's topological properties over the specified period. The data is based on FTSE Emas Index on Bursa Malaysia. The duration is divided into three phases in which before the trade war, after the trade war and overall duration. The threshold network approach is employed to visualize the relationship between the components of the FTSE Emas Index. The results showed that the US-China trade war affect the linkages of the Malaysian stock market in which the stock is more correlated with each other during the trade war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WeChat is the most popular social media in the world, especially in China. There is no overview of publications in the area of WeChat Research which shows the big picture using data from all countries. This paper aims to review the status and visual map position of WeChat publication indexed by Scopus used a Bibliometric. The research was carried out using Bibliometric techniques. Data analysis as well as visualization utilizing VOS Viewer program and the Scopus function for analyze search results. In this review, the details collected applied to 1.264 documents issued from 2012 through 2019. The study reveals that He, L. and Sun Yat-Sen University were the most active individual scientists and affiliated institutions in WeChat Research. In WeChat Research, the Computer Science and Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes In Bioinformatics were the most areas of study and dissemination sources. There were three worldwide group maps with collaborative researchers. In order to identify the body of knowledge created from seven years of publication, this study constructed a convergence axis grouping comprising of WeChat Research: Social Networking, Education, Human, Article, WeChat. abbreviated as the SEHAW theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical health of teenagers is of great importance to the prosperity of China. Under favorable conditions of life, teenagers have declined in physical health trends, which has aroused extensive attention. Based on the above issues, this paper employs the literature review and expert interview method to analyze teenagers' physical health in China. By formulating and implementing a physical health policy, evaluation mechanism, educational ideas, the Ministry of Education formulated the policy of "sunshine activity" for one hour every day to establish the health awareness of teenagers. It is systematic training that enhances teenagers' physical condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of ritual originates from religion and has become a core concept of symbolic consumer behaviors. Symbolic value, as part of product value, may also play a role in promoting consumer loyalty. More importantly, this approach can be implemented by relying on a consumption ritualization process. Following the ritualistic path to discuss the realization of platform loyalty is even more urgent in the digital age. This may be attributed to the gamification trend and social features of digital platforms. In this paper, we focus on the symbolic value of digital product as an antecedent to the consumption ritualization process, which is expected to have a positive relationship with platform loyalty. This study has two purposes: (1) review the literature on symbolic value and consumption ritualization, and (2) propose a plausible conceptual model to illustrate the relationship between symbolic value, consumption ritualization, and platform loyalty in the context of digital platforms in China, as moderated by the platform's gamified feature and social feature. More detailed empirical research will be based on structural equation modeling approaches. The research findings will be particularly important for digital platform marketers to timely respond to external events and actively participate in the consumption ritualization practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an integral part of marketing channel research, the research of marketing channel performance is conducive to reflect the current situation of marketing channel on the one hand and contributes to optimizing management process and improving enterprise management level on the other hand. Therefore, it has been the highlight of research for many years. For automobile producers, an effective marketing channel is a grind to promote product sales and redefine marketing costs, which enables them to gain a competitive edge in the market competition. Therefore, this paper intends to circumscribe the impact on the marketing channel performance from multiple aspects. It analyzes channel synergy as a mediating variable determines internal and external factors as independent variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2019, the world witnessed a rapid spread of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease in one of China's cities, Wuhan. The disease was announced in December 2019 to be a springboard for the whole world, where most countries were infected with it. It greatly affected the health of society and became a real danger to humans. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose the infected people and quarantine them to combat this pandemic and limit its spread. This paper aims to give a review of COVID-19 diagnosis methods. According to the diagnostic methods, the previous works are classified into two categories for diagnosing Coronavirus; X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT)-Scan. Artificial intelligence (AI) is used to improve the diagnosis accuracy of the presented methods. On this basis, automated diagnostic tools have been developed that distinguish people infected with the Coronavirus from other diseases. Moreover, the performance parameters of the previous studies were compared in terms of diagnosis method, adopted algorithm, diagnosis accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Furthermore, the challenges and limitations of the existing methods for diagnosing Coronavirus were explored. AI has proven to be a reliable way to diagnose the spread of the epidemic through advanced algorithms based on blind and machine learning, especially the convolutional neural network (CNN), which plays a vital role in extracting sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A successful vaccination program depends on secure vaccine storage as well as safe and effective vaccine delivery. An Internet of Things (IoT) based vaccine distribution and monitoring model, which is used to transport and monitor vaccines to locations where they will be properly kept for eventual use, is developed and tested. Coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China, but it is still spreading throughout the world. The impact of this virus is minimized by educating people about its causes and how it spreads is the best way to avoid and slow down transmission. Different technologies have already been developed to minimize the impact of COVID-19, and the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of them. It is a very popular technology that is being used to fight this virus. The vaccination process is already running across the world; maintaining the temperature of the vaccine during the supply chain logistics is the most important task to maintain the effectiveness of the vaccine. In this paper, an IoT-based architecture has been proposed for the effective monitoring and distribution of the vaccine. The developed model can also be utilized for the effective distribution of various types of vaccines and to minimize the wastage of vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus is a disease that has made a significant impact all around the world. Initially, its eruption occurred in Wuhan city in China, later on, its proliferation spread everywhere in the universe. The topological index is a numerical descriptor that combines the molecular structure with copious fields such as chemical, biological, medical and so on. Using these indices, it is possible to characterize and study the physico-chemical properties of drugs. The molecular structure of two pharmacological medications, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, is compared in this research, which is used to impede the coronavirus outbreak and, in the meanwhile, we compute some topological indices relating to the same. This paper forms a base for further analysis and to explore new vaccines and drugs in the future. The foremost intention of the work is to have a combined knowledge of graph theory and chemistry by using the topological indices and molecular structure of the chemical compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insider trading has become a topic discussed globally. This trading is a criminal offence punishable by an attempt to gain profit using financial information that is not available to the public and can cause a significant market reaction. However, outlier detection studies using statistical approach on detecting insider trading practices are relatively scarce. Therefore, this study aims to identify outliers in the stock market in order to detect insider trading behaviour. This paper proposes an instrumental research regarding the using of sequential fences analysis in the identification of stock market anomaly values in China's stock market. In order to attain the objective of this research, we exemplified the sequential fences analysis on data related to the China's securities market insider trading. The results show the viability of sequential fences in detecting unusual behaviour in stock market data and showing abnormal activity in Chinese capital markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As of today, the People's Republic of China is one of the world leaders in space exploration. Relevance of this topic is determined by the New Space Chinese innovational private companies emerging in the aerospace technologies and services market, as well as by increased competition and growing demand in the economic use of outer space, other planets and space objects resources from business and governments. This paper provides a review aimed at analyzing the ongoing transformation of the Chinese space industry ecosystem. Review results demonstrated that China has every chance of taking a leading position in the international space race. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's urban railway network already covers 80 percent of the country. The support of a continuous line is inextricably linked to the rapid expansion of railways. The seamless line has a complex structure, a long working period, and is susceptible to environmental and other factors. This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of seamless line displacement data detection by using image recognition technology and machine learning technology. This topic trains and learns the digital content in the seamless line displacement scale through the machine learning SVM classification algorithm, and then identifies the scale mark and other data by image analysis to calculate the final displacement. In this way, the accuracy of the identified displacement data is very high. This study detects the displacement of the seamless line and gives early warning when the displacement exceeds the safety range. After receiving the early warning information, the management personnel can handle it in time to avoid danger. Some railway portions in Harbin have been subjected to the study. The research can assist railway management departments in detecting seamless line facilities and improving maintenance efficiency. At the same time, it can provide timely warnings of potentially risky information, reducing the likelihood of accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the area of arable land in China has been decreasing year by year. This is in sharp contrast to the massive infrastructure construction program. This raises a question: how to make full use of limited land resources for large-scale construction. Fortunately, the sustainability concept has been increasingly accepted to be a key aspect of engineering design and construction. Based on this important background, concepts of foundation treatment technology development are introduced in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher vocational education in the field of rail transit has entered a new period of development owing to the reform and opening up. Based on the current situation of "One Belt, One Road", the higher vocational education in the field of rail transit conforms to the overall situation of service, and helps China's higher vocational education enter into the international market. This paper analyzes the development prospects of rail transit, then discusses the sustainability and feasibility of the internationalization of higher vocational education and concludes the ways of sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CiteSpace III is used to do the knowledge map analysis to all the innovation diffusion research literature collected in the Web of Science core set database. Time and space distribution, key national network, co-cited reference and co-word knowledge maps, such as in the field of innovation diffusion is analyzed on the distribution, change trends and hop topics. The study results show 1) China and the USA are leading in the field of innovation diffusion research, 2) earlier studies mainly focused on the macro level to forecast the new product sales by using the Bass model and its extended model, 3) the current research has focused on from micro level to analyze the evolution of the innovation diffusion behavior by simulation method 4) the hot topics of innovation diffusion research mainly includes the acceptance and adoption of innovative technology, the influencing factors of innovation diffusion, innovation diffusion power, innovation diffusion model and simulation study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indiscriminate discharge of heavy metals into the environment is of great concern globally, especially in developing countries. The health risk caused by heavy metals pollution due to its toxicity, non-biodegradation, bioaccumulation, and complex operation with different sources and routes has accelerated as some industries expand with little investment plan around treatment. Over the years, research has been carried out on different aspects of heavy metals pollution, including-, emissions, impact on human health and environment, and mitigation processes. In this study, bibliometric and visualization analysis were used to analyze and evaluate the term heavy metal pollution, health risk, and its treatment approach was analyzed to acquire the overview of the heavy metal pollution on groundwater sources, health risk and treatment, and or removal approaches in different countries of the world from the web of science 1995-2020 publication. The outcome showed that China had a major interest in heavy metal pollution and its impact on lives and ecosystems in the past years as the highest publishers relating to heavy metal treatment technology.VOS viewer software and MS Excel were used as bibliometric tools for the examination of the researcher's certification in their research trends, progress, and publication performance. This, in turn, reveals the publication trends, subject categories and influential journals, country performance, most cited keyword and co-occurrence, author, and co-authorship collaboration network in heavy metals research, which would be of value to new researchers in the field. This paper highlights the trend in heavy metal removal from wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is going through a very hard time due to the pandemic first reported on December 2019 at Wuhan China. Vaccination process has started in different corner of world in war foot zone, still new cased are reported every day. 48 million people have already died out of this virus infection in the world. [1]. The disease caused by novel coronal virus needs to be detected at a very early stage and if proper care taken patient will survive. With Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning advancement it is possible to detect disease by analyzing symptoms. We have proposed a model to predict COVID 19 using Baggingensemble mechanism with Gaussian Naïve Bayes as base learner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are the most frequently used approach in various fields. The problem that always crops up in most MCDM methods in determining the weights of the criteria. This study aims to provide an overview of studies on subjective weight in MCDM. This study applies a bibliometric analysis and focuses on the subjective weighting method in MCDM. Using the keyword "subjective weight in MCDM" in the Scopus database by limit from 2017 until 2021, 32 documents studied subjective weight in the mathematics subject area. By using the standard bibliometric indicators, this article will state the publication year and annual growth, document and source type, the distribution of publications by countries, the number of authors, keyword analysis and citation analysis. From the results, the highest publication year was 2020, at about 34.38%. In addition, articles and journals are dominant, with 84.38% in each category of document type and source type, respectively. China and Taiwan, both quite active in publishing research that uses subjective weight, led the way with 43.18% of all publications. The majority number of authors, which accounts for about 38% of each document published, was three. The most frequent keywords used in those documents in the mathematics subject area are MCDM and some subjective weighting methods, where both are related to each other. Based on all 32 documents, most of the authors use the same technique, AHP, Fuzzy AHP or ANP. From these findings, we suggest that there should be more studies on the weighting method, and future authors can explore other techniques of subjective weight such as SMART, Delphi method, Swing method and many more. We also recommended that further studies be carried out on objective weight or by combining both methods, which are subjective weight and objective weight, namely the integrated weighting method. This will better result in the criteria weights that impact the results of the MCDM method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the research status and development trend of regional distribution of esophageal cancer in China, and to provide reference for further study of the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer. METHODS: The databases of CNKI, Wanfang, Superstar Discovery and Chinese Biomedical Literature were retrieved, and the literature of regional distribution of esophageal cancer in China was analyzed and evaluated by bibliometrics. RESULTS: The number of literatures on the regional distribution of esophageal cancer in China is increasing continuously. The authors of the literatures on the regional distribution of esophageal cancer show a trend of clustering distribution according to the high incidence areas of esophageal cancer. Among the research institutes, the number of papers issued by institutions in the northern region is much larger than that in the southern region. The high incidence area of esophageal cancer is mainly located in Henan, Jiangsu, Hebei and other provinces. From the national point of view, more high incidence areas in the north than in the south, but the number of high incidence areas in the south is also increasing in recent years. CONCLUSION: In recent years, the study on the regional distribution of esophageal cancer has attracted much attention, and the amount of relative published paper is on the rise, however the profundity and the depth of the study is not far enough. There are not many experts deeply working on this field. Even for the researchers in this field, the published amount of the articles is quite small and limited. The lack of continuity on the research of esophageal cancer is another major problem. Therefore, a long-term monitoring mechanism should be established to continually inject new vitality into the study of regional distribution of esophageal cancer around the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the production and the export rate of tea has shown a non-convincing result when compared to other leading tea producing nations like China. China is still the leading tea producing country and for India to compete, the production rate and export rate must be improved. Tea produced in India are one of the finest across the globe and it is because of climate, the way of maintaining tea gardens and also the importance given by people towards tea farming although can be improved by large. An attempt by factor analysis is done to prioritize the factors and focus on those top prioritized factors namely material processing of tea for improving export rates and achieving sustainable productivity. This research paper focuses on this problem by collecting and analysing the sustainability factors in tea material processing using COPRAS and WASPAS tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(COVID-19) is an epidemic disease with symptoms similar to the flu. Since December 2019, the new Coronavirus has appeared in China and spread all around the world. As a result, the rapid and severe spread. For example, computed tomography (CT) and x-rays are utilized to find an available and accurate diagnostic tool. Artificial intelligence technologies make a significant contribution to the diagnosis and analysis of medical images. As a consequence, it was used to detect and diagnose Covid-19. Thus, the entire major medical scanning will be covered in this review paper, especially Focus mostly on last year's combination of Artificial Intelligence with CT and X-ray. Both are commonly used on front-line medical clinics to identify the recent results of fighting COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the influence of center location and indirect connection between provinces and cities in the regional innovation network on their innovation capability, the regional innovation network of 29 provinces and cities in China is represented by using the gravity model adjusted. The centrality is selected to characterize the center location characteristics of provincial nodes. The social network analysis and regression analysis are used to study the relationship between the provincial node centrality and indirect connection of the node and its innovation capability. This study shows that provincial node centrality can promote its innovation capability, and the indirect connection of provincial nodes inhibits the innovation capability of nodes. Moreover, the number plays a u-shaped role in regulating the centrality and innovation capability of provincial nodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of China's economy, environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent. Since the 18th Party Congress, environmental protection has been incorporated into the national strategy, also the government has come up with development ideas of innovation, harmony, green, open and sharing during the 13th five-year period. As the microeconomic entities, companies are the main resource of environmental pollution. Therefore, enterprise have become the focus of environmental pollution control. Enterprises’ choices of environmental strategy have important meanings to the whole society's economic and environmental development. It is important to take the study on the influential factors of proactive environmental strategy choice under the constant restraint of environmental rules. In this context, the external environment puts forward high requirements on the entrepreneurs. Facing the changes and demands of environmental strategies, entrepreneurs have to identify risks and opportunities and make decisions to respond in good time. However, the different characteristics and traits of entrepreneurs also influence the coping styles and strategies of entrepreneurs facing changes of environment. In addition, the differences in the nature of the entrepreneur's enterprise have an impact on the implementation of the relevant business strategy. The enterprise ownership is worth further exploration. Based on the review on the theory of upper echelons, the paper selected entrepreneurs from 6 kinds of industry and 126 companies as the research objects. The paper explored the education level and work experience of entrepreneurs’ characteristics impact on proactive environmental strategy, and investigated the effect of enterprise ownership on the relationship between entrepreneurs’ characteristics and proactive environmental strategy. The paper considered the enterprise ownership as state-owned and non-state-owned. The results showed that entrepreneurs’ environmental education level and environmental work experience have a positive impact on proactive environmental strategy. The results of the regression analysis of the moderating variables show that the different ownership of the enterprise will have different moderating effects on the influence of entrepreneurs’ characteristics on proactive environmental strategy. That is to say, the regulation effect of non-state-owned enterprises on the relationship between entrepreneurs’ characteristics on proactive environmental strategy is greater than that of state-owned enterprises. On this basis, this paper puts forward suggestion as follows: at the entrepreneurial level, entrepreneurs should pay attention to practical knowledge and ability, to accumulate environmental experience, to respond to changes in the environment effectively. At the same time, not only should the entrepreneur have a correct understanding of the environmental protection, but also they have a strong sense of responsibility and mission to transform the concept of environmental protection for practical action, taking environmental protection as a long-term strategic mission. At the government level, they need to help and support enterprises to enhance their experience and innovative ability to cope with external challenges actively. Also, the government should formulate strict and reasonable environmental rules and truly implement environmental strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major problem, nowadays is the novel coronavirus or covid-19 pandemic which has and still infecting people and causing the death of many around the world. Although strict and severe actions have been taken by the government of all over the world to control and minimize the spread of this virus by lockdown, suspending, all travel and sport activity, economic and social activity, quarantines, travel restriction at stations and airport, etc, many of the people around the world have lost their lives and many are suffering. Recently, a conducted study has reported that in China the number of cases that were not documented is 79% as they show no symptom of the virus. In many other countries, the real representation of the patient infected by the virus was different from the real number which was higher in number. Hence, patients with asymptomatic conditions are the major reason for the fast and large covid-19 spread and are also the major reason that caused the people too afraid of the situation. To contribute this global pandemic, in this paper, we propose an investigation which is IoT based system designed to detect both symptomatic-asymptomatic infected people, undocumented, and the place of the pandemic. The aim is to make the authority and people aware of the situation by providing the total numbers of the cases registered, totally recovered, and death of the people caused by the pandemic. In the proposed system, we have used the IoT (internet of things) technology with the NODEMCU-ESP8266, LCD, and Wi- Fi connection to provide information of the important numbers of the patients of covid: cases, recovery, and death of the people in India. This system may keep people more informative, protected, and aware of the danger of the virus so they can take care of themselves and their families in every possible way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current situation in our country is been suffering from a dangerous disease called corona virus which is seen both creatures and human beings. SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) -COV is an example for corona virus.Retrosepective observation by Chinese people have seen many number of cases with start of manifestation in the month of December 2019[1].The first case was seen in china with different types of symptoms and it is known that it was a transmittable disease.Many people who are suffering with this will have an illness which is related to respiration part and it will be cured after taking the period of quarantine for 14 days, with any different kinds of treatments at home or an advice of doctors. Some people who are been affected others health issues will develop serious illness. Around 90% of the people are recovered without undergoing any special treatments because they themselves taking quarantine at home by following home remedies. But some people are being suffering with trouble breathing [5].In the month of March 11 2020 (WHO) recognized and declared it as an pandemic which has spread in many parts of the country within less span of time. This virus was first seen in a city called Wuhan, state of China. In the month of December 2019 the reports of the first COVID-19 cases have started. Yet, it is undecided exactly the spread of this virus and it is spreading very faster in humans. This paper tells about control and safety measures regarding water, sanitation, wash in covid-19 pandemic [1] and following the prevention methods critically is very essential to avoid the spread of this virus.Maintaining cleanliness, following all the rules, and advising your loved ones to do likewise for averting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electric communication technology is gradually mature. With the technological breakthrough of Huawei, a Chinese science and technology enterprise, 5g technology has been gradually developed and popularized for commercial use in China. The 5g era of high speed, low delay and promoting the interconnection of all things is coming as promised. Technological innovation in the field of electric communication is also one of the standards to measure the national scientific and technological innovation ability. In order to seize this potential communication market and improve China's comprehensive competitiveness, China has continuously provided resources and platforms for scientific and technological enterprises to carry out industry university research cooperation. Taking Huawei as an example, this paper explores the innovation strategy behind the technological achievements in communication field from the perspective of industry university research collaborative innovation network, which has reference significance for other enterprises to optimize alliance network and realize efficient R & D. Not only that, the patent database is constantly improving and mature, patent measurement to a certain extent can deeply understand the technological innovation of enterprises, and it has great practical value and social significance to carry out patent Measurement Research on leading enterprises. Based on the patent perspective, through the analysis of applicants and inventors, this paper will deeply analyze Huawei's industry university research cooperation network with universities in the field of electric communication, explore its innovation strategy, summarize the characteristics of its innovation network, and put forward development suggestions for reference according to its shortcomings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducing cutting-edge Internet technology to set up a prototype ecosystem monitoring system using rapidly advancing smart devices and IoT technology for environmental tracking in remote environments. Dedicated to the management of ecosystem monitoring expertise and full-context object video smart, real-time, low-cost and rapidly changing ecosystems, first-rate evaluation algorithms that are now mixed are crucial when evaluating the latest display device homes. The latest application of this IoT monitoring ecosystem has been tested in three fragile ecosystems, including the Karst Rock desertification area, the National Park for the Amur Tigers, and the Oasis-Barren Area Ecoton in China. Advances in IoT surveillance environments include new statistics loggers and long-range Wi-Fi sensor community technology that can rapidly transmit advanced data from devices to wireless networks. By integrating these gadgets and technologies with the Ecosystem Tracking Statistics gadget, IoT allows continuous record collection, transmission, processing and alerts. With advances in cell technology, smart cellular computing devices have become more advanced, less expensive and more effective, leading to tremendous growth in both advanced cell users and their bandwidth requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corona virus or COVID-19 has taken the world by storm. In December 2019 while the world was looking forward to 2020, news broke about an outbreak of a virus thought to be less deadly than SARS and Ebola from China. It started as an isolated case in Wuhan, a province in China, gradually became a global pandemic, spreading across continents and invading countries with devastating effect. As someone rightly said "Globalization also means there are no boundaries for disease!". It spread to around 190 UN countries out of 195. The main source for spread of the virus is due to close proximity droplets during respiration when people cough or sneeze. Although these droplets might be formed during inhalation but the virus is not considered carried by the wind. So the possible way of stopping this pandemic to further be destructive was to break the chain. Therefore, we need to study the approaches followed by various countries to secure this prospect. But as this would not be efficient to analyze all countries approaches, we would be focusing on 3 major countries going through worst scenarios – China, Italy and England. This study could help developing countries to go for such measures in order to save their people while benefitting from the advanced technological inventions in fields of AI and ML, Data Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste management is a major duty for the government to handle, because cities must be clean, beautiful, and sanitary for a country to grow. According to estimates, India produces 62 million tonnes of waste every year, making it the world's second most populous metropolis behind China. However, because of the massive scale mixing of the waste, it is a difficult and costly procedure to separate in the final stages. Of the total 62 million tonnes of rubbish, 5.6 million tonnes are plastic waste. As we all know, plastic can be readily recycled, and if plastic is put on Earth/landfills, it poses a severe issue of global warming. For proper recycling process and to provide a cleaner, safer, and more sanitary workplace, as well as increased operational efficiency while lowering management costs and resources segregation of the garbage a Smart way of garbage management with help of modern cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Internet of things should be done. So, in the current work a system which automatically segregates the waste using image processing and Waste/trash is divided into bins provided beneath the conveyer utilising a conveyer system is proposed. Machine Learning and Deep Learning are subsets of Artificial Intelligence using ML and DL we can efficiently segregate trash using camera module and separate them into bins/chambers. And using Internet of things we can remotely control the trash inside the bins with help of readings from ultrasonic sensors inserted, once the trash is above the threshold, we can notify the respected cleaning department which prevents the overflow of the trash. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is one of the leading developers of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) projects in the world. As it pursues to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, a substantial growth in renewable deployment including CSP is foreseeable. Despite rapid growth of CSP deployment globally and within China, there are limited studies of socioeconomic impacts of CSP projects. Existing studies either focused on other renewable technologies or regions outside of China. This study took a first approach to examine CSP in the region of China, aiming at quantifying the potential socio-economic impacts of a 50 MW demonstration plant using parabolic trough technologies under the SinoTrough project. Multipliers for output, employment, income, and value added were derived from China's 2019 Statistical Yearbook and national Input-Output-Table from 2017. The multipliers were applied to the Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) CSP Model, which estimated the potential employment, earnings, economic output, and value added created from construction and annual operation of the plant. The analysis demonstrates that a 50 MW CSP plant in China can bring considerable benefits to its economy. During construction more than 1200 jobs are created on site. Over a lifetime of 25 years of operation plus one year of construction, such a plant would generate in total about 2,267 million USD economic output, 451 million USD income, and 928 million USD value added. The impacts calculated through the model respond almost linearly to changes in multipliers and costs, which tend to fluctuate in response to economic dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Earth's greenhouse gases absorb heat, a rise in greenhouse gas emissions have resulted in global warming, which is affecting the planet's climate in numerous ways. The aim of this research is to study the effect of greenhouse gases on the temperature of the two layers of the atmosphere (troposphere and mesosphere) with the presence of solar radiation effect by taking into account the climate change. The monthly data for GHGs, solar radiation and temperature are taken for the period (2000-2018) above the capital Beijing (latitude 40˚N; longitude 116˚E) in China. The results of data analysis show that, in the tropospheric layer the greenhouse gases have increased and also accompanied by an increase in temperature, an increase in temperature appears despite the decrease in solar rays, and this is strong evidence that greenhouse gases have a significant impact on temperatures, also the increase in greenhouse gases and decrease in solar radiation have a cooling effect on the mesosphere layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is either used to complement standard oncological therapies to help in alleviating patients' symptoms and side effects from chemotherapy, thus improving their quality of life (QOL), including the patient's emotional, social, and physical wellbeing, since pain is the most frequent distress amongst oncological patients, or to directly fight cancer as an alternative therapy to conventional treatments. Common practices of many complementary and alternative treatments emphasise on good nutrition and prophylaxis. Thus, CAM acts by boosting the natural immunity of the body to induce necrosis of carcinogen cells; nevertheless, further scientific research is required to identify and quantify the improvements in oncological patients' health due to the complementary and alternative therapies used. Furthermore, it is also important to discern the effects due to CAM itself, as opposed to those that occur because of other concurrent treatments, and to understand their safety profile, also considering its interaction with conventional oncological therapies. In this study, evidence-based information is analysed and discussed on CAM used for cancer, such as Cannabidiol (CBD), Graviola (soursop), Origanum Vulgare, Zamzam Water (ZW), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and Paris Polyphylla. Findings suggest that various complementary medical therapies can help to improve oncological patients' wellbeing, when undergone along with standard oncological treatments, e.g., CBD proved beneficial for improving a variety of symptoms, such as pain and nausea. Similarly, alternative therapies, such as TCM, are approved to be used in China to treat various tumours. Furthermore, the side effects of conventional treatments and dissatisfaction were identified amongst the push factors to use CAM, whilst pull factors included the positive aspects associated with CAM, such as fewer side effects, stronger immunity, and an enhanced QOL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses return volatility for Malaysia and China's stock markets during the SARS and COVID-19 pandemics. Stock return volatility is estimated using GARCH family models (GARCH (1,1), TGARCH and EGARCH). Generally, GARCH (1,1) estimates symmetric conditions, whereas TGARCH and EGARCH estimate the asymmetric condition or leverage effect of return volatility. Stock return volatility in China and Malaysia are then compared to assess the severity of pandemic cases during the study period. Post pandemic, Malaysia is seen to experience higher decrements in leverage effect when using the TGARCH model. Conversely, the effect is higher for China when using the EGARCH model for the SARS pandemic. To aid in predicting future return volatility after the COVID-19 pandemic, return volatility after the SARS pandemic is forecast, with the forecast value serving as the basis for evaluating the error using the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Theil inequality coefficient (TIC) approaches. The forecast error performance is ranked to identify outperforming GARCH family models for the pandemic period: the TGARCH model for China's stock market but the GARCH model for Malaysia's stock market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]