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Investment decision is difficult to be determined as the investors need to earn highest possible return in generating profit and protecting capital. Mathematical model which can provide the ranking and proportion of the investment alternatives will benefit investors as selection guideline. This paper aims to investigate in ranking and allocating proportion of asset funds using fuzzy preference relation and weighting algorithm. The evaluation of asset fund is expressed in trapezoidal fuzzy number. The data used for this study is 30 asset funds that listed in the Bursa Malaysia. This study found that 14 asset funds are suggested based on ranking and proportion allocation obtained from this model. As a conclusion, this study can assist investors in making decision in terms of ranking and allocating asset funds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new multi-agent genetic algorithm based on orthogonal experiment is proposed, which is based on multi-agent system, genetic algorithm and orthogonal experimental design. The design of neighborhood competition operator, orthogonal crossover operator, Son and self-learning operator. The new algorithm is applied to mobile tower defense game, according to the characteristics of the game, the establishment of mathematical models, and finally increases the value of the game’s monster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emerging growth of edge devices and the expansion of IoT systems produced the demand to enhance their security algorithms to run on diverse applications and appliances. Lightweight cipher algorithms are mainly designed for IoT-constrained devices. Thus, due to the new services and applications of IoT that require extensive networks and devices, the need for efficient lightweight cipher algorithm implementations is a critical issue. In this paper, an enhanced cipher LED-128 algorithm based on Galois Fields (GF) operations is presented. The mathematical model of the LED algorithm simply requires a slight execution time for encryption-decryption processing. The Enhanced LED algorithm is applied with 64 bits of block plaintext and 128 bits of the key size which turn out 64 bits block size of ciphertext. The proposed algorithm is presented to advance the randomness of cipher text by enhancing the key schedule based on GF operations. The developed key schedule is enhanced to generate a robust key for the proposed algorithm. The NIST statistical tests have been examined and experimented for the proposed enhanced algorithm by utilizing diverse keys with distinct cipher text, which passed the randomness for each test. The proposed algorithm demonstrated a high confusion and diffusion based on the correlation coefficient analysis. The executed time for the encryption and decryption processes of the proposed enhanced LED algorithm is concentrated at minimum compared to the original LED-128 cipher algorithm. Hence, the proposed enhanced algorithm can be implemented for diverse IoT systems and can reach the trade-off between cost and performance as an efficient lightweight algorithm. The results of the enhanced algorithm are benchmarked with the current LED 64/128 algorithms and presented significant improvements in the performance compared to original design of the LED cipher algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the problem of calculating the remaining oil reserves and determining the forecast production rate of wells. The mathematical model for the calculation of this problem. Created computational algorithm and software for mathematical model. Forecast production rate was determined and calculated residual reserves the example of the well-birth Umid place to use to create a program. Show amenities, calculated using established task program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the systematization of numerical (implemented on a computer) randomized functional algorithms for approximation of a solution of Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is carried out. Wherein, three types of such algorithms are distinguished: the projection, the mesh and the projection-mesh methods. The possibilities for usage of these algorithms for solution of practically important problems is investigated in detail. The disadvantages of the mesh algorithms, related to the necessity of calculation values of the kernels of integral equations in fixed points, are identified. On practice, these kernels have integrated singularities, and calculation of their values is impossible. Thus, for applied problems, related to solving Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, it is expedient to use not mesh, but the projection and the projection-mesh randomized algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mathematical modeling of the heat transfer during the pyrolysis process used for the treatment of the Endof-Lifetires (EOLT) is presented in this paper. The pyrolysis process is 3D and non-stationary and because of this it is very complicated for modeling and studying. To simplify the modeling here a hierarchy of 2D models for the temperature which describe the non-stationary heat transfer in such a pyrolysis station is created. An algorithm for solving the model equations, based on MATLAB software is developed. The results for the temperature for some characteristic periods of operation of pyrolysis station are presented and commented in the paper. The results from this modeling can be used in the real pyrolysis station for more precise displacement of measurement devices and for designing of automated management of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we will revisit the modification of the piecewise constant policy timestepping (PCPT) method for solving Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations. This modification is called piecewise predicted policy timestepping (PPPT) method and if properly used, it may be significantly faster. We will quickly recapitulate the algorithms of PCPT, PPPT methods and of the classical implicit method and apply them on a passport option pricing problem with non-standard payoff. We will present modifications needed to solve this problem effectively with the PPPT method and compare the performance with the PCPT method and the classical implicit method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an algorithm that is able to solve optimal control problems in which the modelling of the system contains variable parameters, with the added complication that, in certain cases, these parameters can lead to control problems governed by quasi-linear equations. Combining the techniques of Pontryagin's Maximum Principle and the shooting method, an algorithm has been developed that is not affected by the values of the parameters, being able to solve conventional problems as well as cases in which the optimal solution is shown to be bang-bang with singular arcs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with an algorithm of translation of RTCP-nets' (real-time coloured Petri nets) coverability graphs into nuXmv state machines. The approach enables users to verify RTCP-nets with model checking techniques provided by the nuXmv tool. Full details of the algorithm are presented and an illustrative example of the approach usefulness is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an RTCP-nets' (real-time coloured Petri nets) coverability graphs into Aldebaran format translation algorithm. The approach provides the possibility of automatic RTCP-nets verification using model checking techniques provided by the CADP toolbox. An actual fire alarm control panel system has been modelled and several of its crucial properties have been verified to demonstrate the usability of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with an algorithm of translation of RTCP-nets' (real-time coloured Petri nets) coverability graphs into nuXmv state machines. The approach enables users to verify RTCP-nets with model checking techniques provided by the nuXmv tool. Full details of the algorithm are presented and an illustrative example of the approach usefulness is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a novel parallelization of ABC Algorithm to solve Short-term Hydro-Thermal Scheduling (SHTS) problem. Parallelization is a novel way of improving the convergence of the algorithm. In case of normal ABC algorithms accelerating operation or modification can be used for better convergence and diversity. But with large number of variables the non-linearity of the search space increases and these modifications are not sufficient to give enough diversity in the crowds of swarms for finding better solutions. However, parallelization of the algorithm increases the diversity in solutions and the search capability. The performance of the proposed algorithm is experimented on two short term multi reservoir cascaded hydrothermal systems. First test case is moderately large while the second test case is a considerably large one. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm as compared to other recently reported ones in terms of convergence and better quality of solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the two challenges in the prediction of cross-project software defects, the distribution differences between the source project and the target project dataset and the class imbalance in the dataset, proposing a cross-project software defect prediction method based on transfer learning, named NTrA. Firstly, solving the source project data’s class imbalance based on the Augmented Neighborhood Cleaning Algorithm. Secondly, the data gravity method is used to give different weights on the basis of the attribute similarity of source project and target project data. Finally, a defect prediction model is constructed by using Trad boost algorithm. Experiments were conducted using data, come from NASA and SOFTLAB respectively, from a published PROMISE dataset. The results show that the method has achieved good values of recall and F-measure, and achieved good prediction results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper details findings from the research work targeted at economic communications investigation with agent-based models usage. The agent-based model set was engineered to simulate economic communications. Money in the form of internal and external currencies was introduced into the models to support exchanges in communications. Every model, being based on the general concept, has its own peculiarities in algorithm and input data set since it was engineered to solve the specific problem. Several and different origin data sets were used in experiments: theoretic sets were estimated on the basis of static Leontief's equilibrium equation and the real set was constructed on the basis of statistical data. While simulation experiments, communication process was observed in dynamics, and system macroparameters were estimated. This research approved that combination of an agent-based and mathematical model can cause a synergetic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the development of algorithms for solving nonlinear problems of heat conduction in bodies consisting of layered metal composites. The nonlinearity of the problems is governed by the temperature dependence of the heat conductivity coefficients of the composite layer materials. Mathematical models and solution algorithms based on the boundary element method have been constructed for one-dimensional cases of heat distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, a mathematical model and a numerical algorithm are proposed for modeling the complex of phenomena which accompany the passage of a friable asteroid-comet body through the Earth's atmosphere: the material ablation, the dissociation of molecules, and the radiation. The proposed model is constructed on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations for viscous heat-conducting gas with an additional equation for the motion and propagation of a friable lumpy-dust material in air. The energy equation is modified for the relation between two its kinds: the usual energy of the translation of molecules (which defines the temperature and pressure) and the combined energy of their rotation, oscillation, electronic excitation, dissociation, and radiation. For the mathematical model of atmosphere, the distribution of density, pressure, and temperature in height is taken as for the standard atmosphere. An asteroid-comet body is taken initially as a round body consisting of a friable lumpy-dust material with corresponding density and significant viscosity which far exceed those for the atmosphere gas. A numerical algorithm is proposed for solving the initial-boundary problem for the extended system of Navier-Stokes equations. The algorithm is the combination of the semi-Lagrangian approximation for Lagrange transport derivatives and the conforming finite element method for other terms. The implementation of these approaches is illustrated by a numerical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, a mathematical model and a numerical algorithm are proposed for modeling the complex of phenomena which accompany the passage of a friable asteroid-comet body through the Earth's atmosphere: the material ablation, the dissociation of molecules, and the radiation. The proposed model is constructed on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations for viscous heat-conducting gas with an additional equation for the motion and propagation of a friable lumpy-dust material in air. The energy equation is modified for the relation between two its kinds: the usual energy of the translation of molecules (which defines the temperature and pressure) and the combined energy of their rotation, oscillation, electronic excitation, dissociation, and radiation. For the mathematical model of atmosphere, the distribution of density, pressure, and temperature in height is taken as for the standard atmosphere. An asteroid-comet body is taken initially as a round body consisting of a friable lumpy-dust material with corresponding density and significant viscosity which far exceed those for the atmosphere gas. A numerical algorithm is proposed for solving the initial-boundary problem for the extended system of Navier-Stokes equations. The algorithm is the combination of the semi-Lagrangian approximation for Lagrange transport derivatives and the conforming finite element method for other terms. The implementation of these approaches is illustrated by a numerical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a hybrid algorithm is proposed to find the optimal solution for any instance of the bin packing problem one-dimensional. The hybrid algorithm considers the use of a heuristic method and a mathematical model based on flow arcs technique to find the optimal solution for an instance of 1D-BPP. The hybrid algorithm makes use of the lower bound of an instance as an element that allows it to identify if it have found the optimum or starting from this value it must find the optimal solution. The experiments were performed using the instances of the hard28 set, finding it the optimal solutions for all instances. The results show that the developed algorithm, called AHR, used 75% less time than using the Valerio model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents new mathematical models and algorithms of optimal control of multiple parallel FIFO-queues in the memory of one level, where the queues are moving consecutive and one after another in a circle. As mathematical models we propose random walks on the integer lattice in different areas on the plane and in 3-dimensional space. The optimality criterion is the minimum average portion of lost elements on infinite working time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents mathematical models and algorithms of optimal control of 2 FIFO-queues in the memory of one level where the queues are moving one after another in a circle. As mathematical models we propose random walks on the integer lattice in different areas in 3-dimensional space. Optimality criterions are the average working time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudo electrocardiogram (pseudo-ECG) is a virtual ECG signal that is computed using 1D mathematical models of the myocardium. This signal has the QRS-complex and T wave similar to that of real ECG. In this paper, we used pseudo-ECG as a tool to develop an algorithm for the estimation of electrophysiological properties of the myocardium or single cardiomyocytes based on electrogram recordings. Here, we analyzed the relationship between pseudo-ECG produced by a 1D myocardial model and characteristics of the cellular action potential and parameters of an ionic cardiomyocyte model. We showed that in the noise-free conditions the action potential morphology and cardiomyocyte model parameters can be identified from pseudo-ECG using a linear transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tomogram deformation method, previously proposed by the author for fan-beam tomography problems, has been extended here to a number of simple curved rays that allow one-to-one transitions to parallel straight lines. The transition from straight lines to curvilinear lines expands the range of possible statements of problems of tomographic diagnostics of objects, in particular, for cases of weak refraction in the medium under study, when it is possible to analytically describe the equation of the ray path in a first approximation. The software implementation of the algorithm is performed using the example of a family of trajectories described by a sinusoid with a controlled period and amplitude. A numerical simulation on a number of mathematical models showed the possibility of geometric implementation of the Generalized Radon Transform inversion based on the direct and inverse tomogram deformation procedures. In the two- dimensional statement of the problem, it is shown that artifacts of fan-beam and wave few-view tomography largely repeat the form of the trajectories themselves: for fan-beam tomography, the image of artifacts is close to weak hyperbolic disturbances, for wave tomography, characteristic wave structures appear in the polar coordinate system - in radius and in angle. These artifacts arise at the stage of backprojection, during the transition from rectilinear projections to projections along the initial trajectories, with the inverse deformation being carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we steady natural convection in a discrete heat transfer and the effect of Rayleigh number in a two- dimensional square enclosure with an inner square block. The present problem taken by three different cases were containing on the partially heated which left vertical wall maintained at high temperature Th(Th > Tc). The right vertical wall considered at Tc and other horizontal walls and the inner square block should be thermally insulated. The mathematical model considered as mass, momentum and energy equation solved to using the simple algorithm by Finite Volume Method (FVM) on a flounder grid system consisting of modified Alternating Direction Implicit Method (ADIM) which are used to solve vorticity-stream function formulation.This result found that the streamlines and isotherms achieved a maximum for the distribution of partial heater and also increasing Rayleigh number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is usually difficult for people to solve real-life problems, although nature has had Its own way of looking at and addressing these challenges for millions of years. This is why these days when people fail to strategize in these circumstances, they turn to nature to solve problems. Thus, it is often difficult for algorithms to arrive at the correct solution to a problem through heuristic processes. On the other hand, these strategies are good for getting close to the required time. One of these algorithms is called the Strawberry Algorithm. Here we propose to study the influence of Strawberry Algorithm roots and runners. In this research, we came up with the best solution to find the roots of a linear equation using one of nature's algorithms, and from these algorithms we find the strawberry algorithm through the Visual Studio 2019 platform. It has been observed that the strawberry algorithm succeeded in finding solutions to the linear equation and was very effective in finding any linear equation and he compared the results of the algorithm with the genetic algorithm in terms of measuring efficiency in time and iteration so that the strawberry algorithm was better than the genetic algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The general mathematical optimization model of multimodal logistics operations carried out by a transport company is discussed. On the basis of application of the modified heuristic principle of the generalization to the specialized version of Wilson formula, the theoretical algorithm for obtaining the fuzzy-multiple estimation of the optimized order size related to functions of multimodal transport company as a logistic mediator and distributor, taking into account the uncertainty of exogenous parameter of company expenses on storage of the supplies is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the junction problems for a thin elastic inclusion with thin rigid and semi-rigid inclusions in a two-dimensional elastic body. Differential and variational statements for the cases of delaminated thin inclusions are presented. We used the boundary conditions at the edges of the crack in the form of inequalities. The nonlinearity of the boundary conditions leads to the formulation of problems in the form of variational inequalities. Algorithms for the numerical solution of the problems posed have been developed. Examples of a computational experiment are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the BN-800 reactor, for which the refueling mechanism consists of three rotating plugs, a time-optimal algorithm is proposed that works on the assumption that only two plugs can rotate at the same time. Application of such an algorithm will help to reduce the shutdown time of the power unit for refueling and, accordingly, increase the utilization factor of the installed capacity of the NPP unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mathematical modeling of a flow in fractured porous media is important problem in subsurface simulations. Therefore, the development of mathematical models and efficient computational algorithms for numerical modeling of such processes is an actual problem. The mathematical model should take into account the entire complex of complicated, multiscale processes occurring in fractured porous media. In this work, we construct a coupled mixed dimensional model for simulation of the flow process in the fractured porous media with dual continuum background model. Mathematically the problem is described by a coupled system of equations consisting a d-dimensional equation for flow in porous matrix and a (d − 1)-dimensional equation for fracture networks with a specific exchange term for coupling them. In order to reduce size of the system and efficient solution of the presented problem, we construct coarse grid approximation using Mixed Generalized Multiscale Finite Element method. We present results of the numerical simulations for two-dimensional model problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nested Sampling is a powerful algorithm for fitting models to data in the Bayesian setting, introduced by Skilling [1]. The nested sampling algorithm proceeds by carrying out a series of compressive steps, involving successively nested iso-likelihood boundaries, starting with the full prior distribution of the problem parameters. The "central problem" of nested sampling is to draw at each step a sample from the prior distribution whose likelihood is greater than the current likelihood threshold, i.e., a sample falling inside the current likelihood-restricted region. For both flat and informative priors this ultimately requires uniform sampling restricted to the likelihood-restricted region. We present two new methods of carrying out this sampling step, and illustrate their use with the lighthouse problem [2], a bivariate likelihood used by Gregory [3] and a trivariate Gaussian mixture likelihood. All the algorithm development and testing reported here has been done with Mathematic®a [4]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mathematical analysis on blood flowing through a catheterized stenosed artery is carried out using Mathematica, where a package has been developed to solve a Newtonian model of blood flow. This package can be extended to solve and simulate other fluid models and boundary conditions. Investigation centres on the effect of inserting a catheter' which is a tube' used amongst others in patients who are bedridden and whose blood pressure needs to be measured and monitored continuously. Inserting a catheter in an artery is expected to alter some characteristics of blood flow such as velocity' the wall shear stress and the streamlines. The present model considers the catheter and the artery to be in an eccentric position which is more realistic physically compared to the usual model which considers concentric position. The governing equations are solved analytically by a perturbation method. A problem to be tackled is the intimidating and horrendous mathematics involved in the solution procedure. An algorithm to circumvent this difficulty ought to be developed and it is conjectured that Mathematica based algorithm would be able alleviate such problem. Results show that the eccentricity causes the axial velocity and wall shear stress to increase. There is also a trapping bolus which occurs in the region between the wall of stenosis and the wall of catheter for small values of eccentricity parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the possibilities in the area of modeling of the so called cooling tower plume emergent at operating evaporating cooling systems. As opposed to recent publication, this text focuses on the possibilities of a simplified analytic description of the whole problem where this description shall - in the future - form the base of a calculation algorithms enabling to simulate the efficiency of systems reducing this cooling tower plume. The procedure is based on the application of basic formula for the calculation of the velocity and concentration fields in the area above the cooling tower. These calculation is then used to determine the form and the total volume of the plume. Although this approach does not offer more exact results, it can provide a basic understanding of the impact of individual quantities relating to this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new fast-running model for blast wave propagation in air is described. This model is an extension of Whitham's Geometrical Shock Dynamics with specific closure to non sustained shock waves. The numerical procedure relies on a Cartesian fast-marching like algorithm with immersed boundary method for complex boundaries. Comparison to academic results underline the capacity of this model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider a model problem for the research of Earth's surface state caused by discharge of tectonic stress on the deep cracks in the earth's crust. Using the numerical method of bicharacteristics, algorithm is developed and solution of the problem of non-stationary dynamics of a homogeneous isotropic elastic half-space is built under plane strain when one resets the vertical stress on crack. Diffraction of waves on the surface is studied, pictures of wave fields and stress-strain state of the medium and the surface for different moments of time are built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]