Search

Copyright of Housing Environment / Srodowisko Mieszkaniowe is the property of Chair of Housing Environment, Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prace Jezykoznawcze is the property of University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders that can affect up to 2.6% of the population. Most of these people will have at least one other psychiatric disorder, often diagnosed with a delay or not recognized at all. This study describes the epidemiology, diagnostic difficulties and potential treatment of patients with ASD and comorbid bipolar disorder (BD). The prevalence of bipolar disorder in ASD is estimated at 5-8%. The study with the most numerous group included 700,000 children out of which 9,062 fulfilled ASD criteria at 16 - BD was found to be 6 times more prevalent in this group compared to the control group. Many factors affect the diagnosis. Patients with ASD often have limited insight into understanding the complex emotional states and difficulty in expressing them due to their impairment. The symptoms of bipolar disorder are in their case unspecific and differ from those occurring in the general population, which makes it difficult to make proper diagnosis. Despite the lack of research on the group of patients with ASD, psychometric tools designed to evaluate the general population are used to examine patients. This work aims to show the current state of knowledge and highlight areas that require further investigation.

Copyright of Wieloglos is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of General Practitioner / Lekarz POZ is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An analysis of mortality in a cohort of workers employed in the pulp and paper industry, carried out by the authors of this presentation several years ago, indicated an increase of 22% in the risk of mortality from lung cancer. This risk decreased by only 4% after taking account of smoking. The results obtained then were considered as sufficient to undertake further studies aimed at identifying specific occupational factors responsible for an increased risk for mortality from lung cancer in the population under study. The nested case-control study, in which cases (of lung cancer) and controls were selected from the same cohort observed earlier, was approved as the most suitable method for achieving the aforesaid aim. The study covered 79 cases of deaths from lung cancer confirmed by histological and cytological or radiological examinations, and 237 'healthy' controls matched in the ratio of one to three, taking into account gender, date of birth and date of employment. A group of experts carried out in-depth analysis of exposure to harmful factors in each case of death and in each control. Using a questionnaire, specially developed for this purpose, detailed data on smoking habits among persons under study were collected. Odds ratio was used as a measure of a relative risk for death from lung cancer. A crude relative risk and risk adjusted by eliminating the effect of smoking, applying the model of conditional logistic regression, were calculated for individual exposure factors. Smoking proved to be a significant causal factor responsible for the development of lung cancer in the cohort studied. That was evidenced by relative risk accounting for 12.9 for smokers in relation to non-smokers and an enhanced risk with the increasing number of cigarettes smoked daily, the number of smoking years and an accumulated dose. The study does not confirm a hypothesis that chemical factors specific of the pulp and paper industry exert a significant effect on the risk of death from lung cancer. Odds ratios, crude and adjusted for smoking, were lower than one in all distinguished categories of exposure.

Copyright of Heart & Vascular Diseases / Choroby Serca & Naczyn is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After five successive years of observation the authors present a verified evaluation of the delayed health effects in the pulp and paper industry workers (with particular regard to mortality from malignant neoplasms). The cohort studied consisted of 10,460 workers employed for at least 12 months between 1967 and 1990 in the plants manufacturing sulfate pulp, paper, board and paper products. Subjects were assigned to three subcohorts according to the work areas: 1. pulp mill workers; 2. paper mill workers (paper and board as well as their products); 3. other workers. The workers were enrolled in the subcohort if they were employed for at least one year in one of these departments. One subject could be included in more than one subcohort. The vital status of the cohort was determined through a variety of sources over an observation period of 28 yrs (1967-95). Mortality data were analysed in terms of cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) with expected deaths count based on the national mortality rates in Poland. The results of a twenty three-year cohort observation, published earlier, showed the lowered overall mortality (explained by a "healthy worker effect") and the excess of deaths from malignant neoplasms for some sites (peritoneum, prostate, brain). Due to a small number of deaths recorded, kind of exposure and its duration, were left out of the analysis. The results presented in this paper, obtained after five successive years of the male cohort observation, showed an excess of deaths from cancers of the respiratory tract and peritoneum. In the female cohort an excess of brain cancers was found. Only an excessive mortality from malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system was coherent with the exposure to higher concentrations of wood, paper and board dust. An excess mortality from diseases of the circulatory system was found in both males and females employed in paper production.

A cohort study was designed to evaluate the risk of death from malignant neoplasms among pulp and paper workers. This paper presents the evaluation of death risk among workers engaged only in the production of paper, paperboard and paper products. The cohort study covered 1,322 males and 1,914 females employed for, at least, one year in a big pulp and paper mill during the period 1968-90. The study of exposure to harmful factors revealed that concentrations of paper and paperboard dusts in this mill exceeded hygienic standards. The analysis of death risk by causes and gender of those under study was based on standardized mortality rate (SMR) calculated using the method of person-year observation. The general population of Poland was used as reference. The results do not confirm excess mortality from lung, stomach and hematopoietic cancers in paper mill workers reported by other authors. However, an elevated risk of bladder cancer in males (SMR = 491, two deaths) and brain cancer in females (SMR = 353, two deaths) was observed. Both SMR values were not statistically significant. Because of small number of deaths, risk according to exposure and latency was not evaluated.

The study covered the work environment of a big plant producing sulfate cellulose, paper and paperboard. Measurements of chemical substance concentrations, performed by a local plant laboratory during the years 1976-1991, were analysed with reference to production departments and particular workplaces. Out of 37 substances under study, 16 were found in the air of workplaces. Their concentrations exceeded periodically hygienic standards. The most frequent excess of TLV applied to such compounds as wood dust (including hard beechwood), non-organic dusts containing 2-50% of crystalline silica and below 2% of silica, welding fumes, furfuryl aldehyde, sulfur dioxide, phenol and hydrogen sulfide. A computer-aided registrer of hygienic data facilitated the follow-up of dynamics of exposure to toxic compounds of workers employed at given workplaces.

Mortality among workers in the Polish pulp and paper industry was evaluated in retrospective cohort study of 10460 workers who had been employed continuously for at least one year between 1968 and 1990 in the factory producing sulphate pulp, paper, board and paper products. A standardized mortality ratio (SMR) analysis was used to compare death rates for the exposure group with Polish national rates. For all the subjects death due to all causes and all malignant neoplasms were lower than the number expected. The only significantly increased risks were those of malignant neoplasm of brain among women (4 cases, SMR = 318) and of retroperitoneum and peritoneum among men (2 cases, SMR = 659), exposed to high level of wood dust and irritant sulphur compounds. The authors could not find any etiological explanation of the excessive mortality from brain and peritoneum cancers.

Papers used for food packing were studied for formaldehyde migration from them by the colorimetric method with acetylacetone. The studied material comprised 14 samples of paper of Polish or foreign production: pergamenous paper, offset and sulphite papers and one sample from waste paper imported from Germany. Formaldehyde migration from these samples differed but never exceeded 1 mg/dm2, with the exception of the recycled paper from which it was 1.77 mg/dm2.

The results of various epidemiological research indicate that workers in the pulp and paper industry have an increased risk of developing and dying of malignant cancer with a specific location. The paper discusses recent studies in the area. The findings point to an increased risk of stomach cancer in workers occupationally exposed to pulp produced in the sulfite process. Workers making paper and cardboard are especially at risk for lung cancer. Some researchers signal a higher risk of lymphatic system cancer and stoma cancer. On the basis of existing data on exposure in the pulp and paper industry, it is impossible to determine the exact effects of exposure to a given compound or chemical. Assessment of exposure at particular work areas and analysis of data using the job exposure matrix is necessary. This should provide more information about cancerogenic compounds in the pulp and paper industry.

Copyright of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We stand at the threshold of a revolution in science. It is possible that soon scientific writing as we know it will undergo a rapid change, all thanks to the ChatGPT 3.5 language model. The appearance of this tool on the technology market in November 2022 caused a massive stir among Internet users and the academic world. It turned out that chat has the potential to generate completely new and unique scientific texts. In the wake of ChatGPT, similar tools by technology giants came and are coming. Given the above, the scientific community has only a brief moment to try to answer the following questions: whether the texts generated in this way have real scientific value, whether it is ethical for researchers to use them, how to regulate copyright on the use of AI, what are the potential capabilities of artificial intelligence for writing scientific papers. The indicated themes are reflected in the presented text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the course of the discussion of Edmund Krzymuski's essay on crimes against life and health, which took place as part of the Section of Substantive Criminal Law of the Codification Commission of the Republic of Poland in June 24-27, 1920. The article focuses on the main threads of the referent's questionnaire and is devoted i.a., to the crimes of murder, bodily harm, incitement to suicide, or the killing of a fetus. The work highlights both Krzymuski's proposals, as well as different concepts supported by other members of the Section, which were included in the draft criminal code of 1932. That discussion was significant because most of these solutions are still in force today in the Polish legal system. The article also attempts to answer whether the circumstances related to the referent's proposals could have influenced his decision to resign from further work within the Substantive Criminal Law Section of the Codification Commission of the Republic of Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is devoted to Letter on Drained Paper [Listy na wyczerpanym papierze] by Agnieszka Osiecka and Jeremi Przybora covering the years 1964-1966. Its aim is to show the epistolographic strategies adopted by the correspondents. First, by analysing the structure of the letters, I characterise the authors' writing style, juxtaposing its similarities and differences. This makes it possible to show the features characteristic of a love letter, to which Osiecka and Przybora's collection belongs. I also look at what influences the uniqueness of the love story and the development of their feelings in the epistolographic space. This allows one to see how the authors' writing workshops differ and how the correspondents express their emotions. I also highlight the performative role of correspondence and how writers can create each other. An analysis of the unspoken words in the letters is also important. I show what effect such a procedure had on the reader's perception of the correspondence. Then I focus on the structure of the correspondence of Agnieszka Osiecka and Jeremi Przybora, showing the style of the artists, the differences in their writing and the common features of their letters. I characterise Osiecka's and Przybora's writing separately. I outline the evolution of the writers' feelings in love throughout their correspondence. I also draw attention to the role of the space the artists were in at any given time and how the songs of the lovers complemented their correspondence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper attempts to introduce Polish readers to a theory presented by the American literary scholar Margaret Freeman in her recent book, The Poem as Icon (2020). In the monograph, Freeman analyzes ways in which the reader experiences reality - both visible and invisible - through poetry. Her fundamental assumption is that the relevant research question is not what literary art is, but how it comes to be what it is. The purpose of the present paper is to show that, although written by a literary scholar, the monograph corresponds to general tendencies that can be seen in contemporary humanities: in cognitive linguistics (in particular, Leonard Talmy's theory of -ception and George Lakoff's cognitive theory of metaphor), in the theory of linguistic picture of the world, or in discourse analysis. All these disciplines are based upon the assumption that the essence of the world is continuous change, and they investigate linguistic expressions in the process of becoming, which is relative to factors traditionally considered as non-linguistic. Freeman's poetic cognition has a wide scope: it embraces cognitive processes of human mind, but also bodily and emotive cognition. Thus poetic cognition is embodied, and in Freemen's theory a "poem-as-icon" ultimately becomes an illusion of the "here-and-now" direst experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on binding wastepaper has a long tradition in Poland, dating back to the 1820s, and the result is the discovery of fragments of many valuable manuscripts and prints. This article is devoted to the discoveries made, among others, by Władysław Nehring, Kazimierz Piekarski and Anna Lewicka-Kamińska, the fruit of which were previously unknown editions of the popular prayer book Hortulus animae, found and preserved only in the fragments they discovered. The most groundbreaking was Nehring's find, thanks to which eight pages of the first Polish edition of Hortulus were published, but the importance of the remaining ones cannot be overestimated. It is noteworthy that out of eleven (certain and highly probable) editions, dating back to the first half of the 16th c., as many as six are known only thanks to single sheets extracted from their bindings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quarterly of the History of Material Culture / Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej is the property of Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents examples of the construction of a war narrative aimed not so much at accurately informing the public about key decisions for the state, but at ways of constructing messages to achieve strategic objectives, which do not necessarily prove to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the issue of money substitutes in Szczecin (Province of Pomerania) during the Hyperinflation in 1922–1923. It examines related legal problems and shows the position of the state authorities regarding the issue of money substitutes. In the paper, the archives of the presidium department of the Stettin Region stored in the State Archive were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of occupational exposure on the circulatory system disorders was evaluated in 802 workers (675 men and 127 women). Occupational histories were analysed, as well as physical and X-ray examinations, laboratory tests (fasting blood cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose) and ECGs were performed. In doubtful cases echocardiography and stress tests on an ergonometer were carried out. Ischaemic heart disease was diagnosed in 1.37% and symptoms suggesting this disease in 6.48% of workers. The incidence of hypertension, anginal pain and dysrhythmias reported were significantly related to workers' age and duration of employment. Smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia and positive family history were found to be most frequent risk factors. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed in 9.48% of workers. Non-occupational factors seem to be mainly responsible for the circulatory system disorders, however, the effects of occupational factors occurring in the cellulose and paper industry which may accelerate the development of ischaemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and dysrhythmias cannot be excluded.

Post-Tridentine liturgical books printed in Poland have not attracted much attention from book historians. However, given their special, sacred, and confessionally unifying status, they provide interesting material for comparative study of printing in the large European cities (e.g., Antwerp, Venice), and smaller provincial centers such as Kraków. The paper presents as products of the printing press the Psalterium, Antiphonarium and Graduale Romanum printed in Kraków in 1599-1600 by Andrzej Piotrkowczyk as well as later editions of these works. The decision to commission them in a local print shop rather than abroad came after prolonged debates within the Polish Catholic hierarchy. Materials used by the printer (paper, type, ornaments etc.) and the results he achieved (typography) are analysed at the backdrop of European printing and related to more general problems involved with the production of complex and voluminous books in the economic and cultural realities of an Eastern European city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Engineering Sciences & Technologies / Nauki Inżynierskie i Technologie is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości is the property of Stowarzyszenie Ksiegowych w Polsce Rada Naukowa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zagadnienia Informacji Naukowej is the property of Stowarzyszenie Bibliotekarzy Polskich and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives, Chanceries, Collections / Archiwa, Kancelarie, Zbiory is the property of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the past years, cardiovascular mortality has decreased but despite these cardiovascular diseases are responsible for millions of deaths every year in the world and approximately 25% of which are sudden cardiac death (SCD). Implantable defibrillators (ICD) is proven therapy used in primary and secondary SCD prevention. Currently majority of devices use transvenous leads inserted predominantly into the right heart for both pacing and defibrillation. On the other hand, ICD may cause complica-tions, including inappropriate shocks, device-related infection and lead failure. Problems with transvenous leads prompted the development of a subcutaneous defibrillator (S-ICD) with an electrode system that is placed entirely subcutaneously, outside the thoracic cavity. The device may be useful when venous access is difficult, in young patients and in patients at particular risk of infection. S-ICD is not suitable for patients with indications for bradycardia pacing, cardiac resynchronisation therapy and in cases with tachyarrhythmia easily terminated by antitachycardia pacing.