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The directory of theses that can be consulted on the APPRENDRE website of the Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie lists theses in French about education, teaching and training in 26 countries in Africa, Indian Ocean plus Lebanon and Haiti. This directory was updated in early 2022. It lists 1816 theses defended from 2000 to 2020. Quantitative analysis highlights centers of doctoral research: in Algeria, Côte d'Ivoire, Morocco and Senegal... The qualitative approach makes it possible to identify the themes favored by researchers about education, teaching and training, or in the management of education systems. Finally, the chronological approach highlights the growth in Africa of French-speaking research in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the citations of Masters Theses in Library and Information Science of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria submitted from 2011 to 2018 with a view to determining the format and age of materials used and most frequently cited journals. The document checklists were used for data collections and the citations were extracted from the title pages and reference lists of each of the theses. Data obtained from 48 Masters Theses were examined. The study found that 47.22% of cited items were monographs followed by journals - 31.21%, 8.5% were reports, 4.05% were web resources and 3.65% were conference proceedings. This is contrary with other citation analysis, which found that journals are the most frequently used format. The study also revealed that 21 journal titles were the most frequently cited journals by Library and information Science postgraduate students. The study discovered that the average age of materials used were 10-20 years and that Library Philosophy Practice (e-journal) was the most cited journal title. The findings did show that citation analysis of theses is veritable tool for collections development. The implication of this study is that it could serve as a collection development tool that can be used as a model for the library to identify the primary sources for acquisitions and also as a guide for collection maintenance. It is based on this that it was recommended that university libraries should as a matter of professional responsibility ensure yearly analysis of theses as part of their documentation policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A predictive model of the intention to graduate with a thesis, based on academic and cognitive-affective factors, is examined in a sample of 198 students from the first to the fifth year of psychology. The structural model tested by Path Analysis presented an adequate adjustment (CFI >.95 and RMSEA <.08), observing that engagement and attitude towards statistics indirectly regulate the intentionality of a thesis, while self-efficacy and methodological competencies have direct effects on intentionality. When there are adequate methodological competencies, the prognosis for doing a thesis is 82.6%, while a favorable attitude towards statistics forecasts 80.6% of the interest of graduating with a thesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le TDAH est le trouble mental le plus fréquent chez les enfants d'âge scolaire. Plusieurs études récentes ont mis en lumière des écarts considérables entre les consensus scientifiques internationaux et l'information transmise au grand public. Dans cet article, nous interrogeons les représentations de l'hyperactivité dans les thèses de médecine dédiées au TDAH en France, à partir de l'analyse systématique d'un corpus de 45 thèses soutenues entre 1990 et 2018 au niveau national. Les résultats obtenus font état de distorsions majeures (94,5 %) dans les connaissances scientifiques concernant l'étiologie, le diagnostic ou les bénéfices du traitement médicamenteux. Ces résultats suggèrent qu'il existe une idéologie présidant aux représentations sociales des médecins et, potentiellement, aux pratiques dédiées aux enfants diagnostiqués TDAH et à leur famille. Ces distorsions induisent un risque de surmédication des enfants diagnostiqués hyperactifs et questionnent le format des thèses d'exercice présentées en médecine, qui semblent mésestimer l'importance du travail diagnostique et psychothérapeutique opéré par les praticiens eux-mêmes. Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder has first been defined in the third version of the DSM published in 1980. Though it still lacks a consensual biological etiology, ADHD is the most common mental disorder among school-age children nowadays. Several recent studies have however highlighted considerable distorsions between international scientific consensus and information provided to the general public. Those distorsions always favor biomedical approaches of ADHD and support the use of psychostimulant medication. They hence overshadow the psychosocial factors contributing to the disorder and leave no room for other therapeutic approaches like psychodynamic psychotherapies. We therefore deemed it necessary to investigate the content of medical theses focusing on this particular disorder. In this article, we examine the representations of hyperactivity in medical theses dedicated to ADHD in France, based on the systematic analysis of a corpus of 45 theses defended between 1990 and 2018. Our corpus was analyzed using the following questions: 1) does the thesis support a biomedical or psychoanalytical approach to ADHD? We used the term "combined approach" when both points of view were argued; 2) for each thesis, is the biological etiology of ADHD – genetic, neurological or neurodevelopmental – mentioned and discussed?; 3) are the environmental and social factors of hyperactivity also discussed?; 4) do medical theses present the risks associated with ADHD: academic failure, delinquency, substance abuse?; 5) what treatment do medical theses recommend in the care and support of children diagnosed with hyperactivity: drug treatment, psychotherapy or a combination of both?; 6) does the use of a psychostimulant treatment protect against the risk of school failure: yes/no/both opinions?; 7) is it possible to diagnose ADHD hyperactivity by brain imaging?; 8) finally, we sought references to scientific work or experts involved in conflicts of interest with the pharmaceutical industry – references in the text body or bibliography. We also looked for critical indications for the risks of over-medication of ADHD. The results we obtained indicate major distortions (94.5 %) in scientific knowledge concerning the etiology of ADHD, the approved methods for diagnosis or the benefits of psychostimulant medication on academic performances. Indeed, though hundreds of studies using MRI imaging have failed to show any neurological lesion associated with ADHD, 91 % of our corpus supported a neurological etiology of this disorder. Similarly, 87 % of our corpus wrongly described ADHD as a genetic disorder, and more than 50 % still affirmed MRI could be used to diagnose ADHD, despite the scientific consensus claiming the opposite. Psychostimulant medication was also the most mentioned form of treatment, despite it theoretically being a « last resort » treatment. Our results suggest there might be a biomedical ideology determining physicians' representations of ADHD. This ideology could have an impact on physicians' care pratices with children suffering from ADHD and their families, thus possibly increasing the risk of over-medication. It could also lead future practitioners to underestimate the importance of their diagnostic skills and the therapeutic work they engage into. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: Le développement de la recherche en soins premiers est un enjeu de l'universitarisation de cette discipline. La réforme du troisième cycle de 2017 prévoit que la thèse soit un travail de recherche disciplinaire. La thèse est souvent le premier travail de recherche pour les étudiants. Ce travail vise à mesurer le taux de directions de thèses assurées par des enseignants de médecine générale. Les objectifs secondaires étaient de mesurer le taux de thèses disciplinaires et d'analyser l'évolution de la valorisation des thèses stéphanoises et de leurs contenus (méthode et champ disciplinaire). De 2004 à 2016, 583 thèses ont été analysées. Le taux de directions de thèses assurées par un enseignant de médecine générale à Saint-Étienne a dépassé 50 % en 2011 et est actuellement voisin de deux tiers. Le caractère disciplinaire a lui aussi régulièrement augmenté pour atteindre plus des trois quarts des thèses en 2016. Un peu plus du quart des thèses a été publié. Parmi les soixante et une revues retrouvées, Médecine et exercer comptaient le plus de publications avec respectivement 19,9 % et 15,5 % justifiant la publication de ce travail dans les deux revues. Research development in primary care is a stake as the general practice is a growing discipline in university's field. The French reform of the medical post graduated education in 2017 involves a disciplinary work for thesis. The thesis is often the first research work for students. This paper aims to evaluate the thesis supervision's rate taken in charge by general practitioners' teachers from 2004 to 2016 in the city of Saint-Etienne. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the disciplinary thesis rate, the evolution of thesis' valorization and their contents. From 2004 to 2016, 583 thesis were analyzed. The rate of thesis supervision provided by general practitioners' teachers exceeded 50% in 2011 and is currently close to 2/3. The general practice nature of thesis has also increased to surpass 3/4 in 2016. More than the quarter of thesis were published. Among the sixty-one journals found, Médecine and exercer had the highest number of publications, with 19.9% and 15.5% respectively justifying the publication of this work in both journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to determine if the Conscientiousness trait of personality is a good predictor of the attitude towards the thesis, a predictive correlative study was carried out with a population of 83 university students of a Scientific Society. The conscientiousness sub-scale of the NEO PI-R personality inventory and the attitude scale towards the realization of a thesis were applied. The results show that the facets of competence, sense of duty and reflection are what significantly predict the attitude towards the university thesis; likewise, a direct and moderate association is observed between both variables. The predominance of the conscientiousness trait in the personality profile of university students involved in research groups predicts favorable attitudes towards the elaboration of degree work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This corpus-based exploratory study investigates the use of sentence-initial (SI) this and these as pronouns and determiners in a corpus of research articles (RAs) by American writers and MA theses by novice Turkish academic writers in the field of Applied Linguistics. The study reveals that authors use sentence-initial this and these both as pronouns (unattended) and determiners (attended). Contrary to expectations, prescriptions of style manuals and guide-books, overall both groups used sentence-initial this and these as pronouns and determiners, yet with lower ratios than previous studies. The findings indicate a close relationship between the writers' educational background, their field of study, and their employment of SI this and these as pronouns. The findings are discussed with reference to the relevant literature. The knowledge gained from this study can contribute to our understanding of the uses and purposes of these structures in academic prose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the frequency of converting a residency dissertation to a journal article in Turkey. To compare the different residency programs and their publications rates; to sub classify of dissertations according to sub-specialties. Ophthalmologists who graduated before 2010 conducted surveys. The surveys questions included graduation year, residency program, topic of the dissertations, type of the study (prospective, retrospective, or experimental), publication rate from the dissertations, and type of journal for published dissertations. Three-hundred-eight ophthalmologists conducted surveys. Fifty seven (18.5%) dissertations were published in SCI-Expanded Indexed journals (39 of them (23%) from the university hospital programs and 17 of them (13%) from state hospital programs (p=0.036)) and 97 of dissertations were published in national journals. 92 of 170 (54%) dissertations from the university based residency programs and 59 of 131 (45%) dissertations from the state hospital based residency programs were published in national journals or international journals indexed in the SCI-Expanded Index (p=0.17). A publication rate from dissertations was similar between big city university programs and small city university programs (23.3%; 22.6%). The most frequently studied topics of dissertations were cataract-refractive surgery (21.5%), followed by retina (21%), glaucoma (21%), cornea-anterior segment (19%), and strabismus (7%). Of the study design, 57% of them were prospective, 32% were retrospective, and 10.5% were experimental study. In this study, it seems to be that lesser than one fifth of Ophthalmology Residency dissertations in Turkey converted to journal articles in SCI-Expanded journals. It is obvious that the overall quality of the dissertations was inadequate to be published in indexed journals and it is necessary to take some measures to increase the scientific quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Family practice is changing dramatically and especially in the educational field. The purpose of this study is to assess the evolution of practical dissertations in primary care submitted at the teaching hospital in Angers between two periods with a ten-year interval (1997-99 and 2007-09). Material and methods: In a retrospective and comparative study, information was collected on students, thesis directors and jury, dissertation form (type of study, methods for collecting data, number of pages, article form), contents (topic and thematic trends) as well as eventual publications in scientific journals. Results: A statistically significant increase was observed in the number of general practitioners acting as thesis directors between period 1 and 2: 9% to 46% (p < 0,001). Family-practice dissertations accounted for 23% in period 1 and 58% in period 2 (p < 0,001). The study also indicates a decrease in clinical case reports based on data collected from case files as opposed to best practice studies carried out through questionnaires and interviews. Dissertations were published as scientific papers in 51% of cases in period 2 and 4% in period 1 (p < 0.001). Publications listed in Medline total 6.3% in period 1 and 14% in period 2 (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The study highlights major changes in practical theses in primary care both in terms of form and subject with research reflecting the comprehensive aspect of primary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A researcher or university professor is often required to be a member of a thesis jury. This is part of their scientific activities. However, in an increasingly specialized academic world, it is sometimes difficult to create a thesis jury without being confronted with conflicts of interest between the members and the supervisory team. While in recent years some universities have organized processes to manage these conflicts, others have not yet decided. This case study adapts several real-life situations to show the challenges of such conflict of interest management in setting up a doctoral thesis jury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]