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Background: Suicidal behavior is a public health problem whose incidence has increased recently. The Suicide Risk Attention Program (ARSUIC) is developed for the detection and prevention of suicidal behavior. The data obtained allow us to study suicidal behavior. The aim of this study is to analyze predictive variables of clinical outcomes. Method: A quantitative and associate design with a retrospective viewpoint was carried out. Data from 459 adults, children, and adolescents referred to the ARSUIC program from 2018 to 2022 were collected. The analysis was conducted using SPSS and R. Results: The number of appointments, social support, and attempted suicide explain the abandonment of the program; the number of appointments, psychiatric history, and suicide attempts the permanence in the program; and finally, clinical discharge was explained by the number of appointments, a psychiatric personal history, social support, and past psychological violence. Conclusions: This is the first study analyzing predictive variables of outcomes in the ARSUIC program. Increasing our knowledge about this is necessary to improve clinical interventions and reduce dropouts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stressful life events (SLEs), impulsivity, aggression, and hostility are known risk factors for suicide. The existence of an "I-A-H Triad" (composed of impulsiveness, aggressiveness and hostility) is proposed as a mediating factor between SLEs and suicide. Method: Data on 399 deceased people (274 from suicide, 125 from other causes) were collected through psychological autopsy. The Paul Ramsey Life Experience Scale (to collect SLE history), the Barrat Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) were applied, using versions adapted for psychological autopsy. Results: Comparative analysis of the two groups showed significant differences in the variables of interest (SLE: t = 7.280; BDHI: t = 4.201; BIS-11: t = 3.812; I-A-H Triad: t = 4.84). Mediation analysis confirmed the role of the I-A-H Triad in mediation of the presence of SLEs and the type of death. Conclusions: High levels of impulsivity, aggression, and hostility increase the risk of suicide when a person is faced with SLEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a significant gap in scientific understanding about suicide among people experiencing homelessness (PEHs). Method: This seven-year longitudinal study examined a cohort of 154 PEHs. In 2015, clinical assessments were conducted, including an evaluation of suicide risk, with data on causes of death collected from public health service records in 2022. Results: Over the course of seven years, 14.3% of the sample passed away at an average age of 52.6 years. The leading causes of death were cancer, suicide, and accidental overdose. Participants who experienced violence had a higher number of suicide attempts and scored higher on the suicidal ideation scale. The most significant factors associated with mortality were prior suicide attempts and suicidal ideation. Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of suicide risk scale scores as the primary predictor of mortality. It emphasizes the need for further longitudinal research on suicide among PEHs and the development of specific programs to prevent suicide within this population. An approach combining structural and individual perspectives is suggested, considering appropriate housing policies and mental health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Following experts' recommendations for a phenomenological approach to suicidal behavior, this study opted to focus on the life-protecting beliefs and values expressed by people in acute suicidal crisis. Method: 61 adults hospitalized in psychiatric emergency for suicidal crises were assessed in terms of reasons for living (RFL) and suicidality. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to discern groups of patients based on their RFL profiles. Group differences on suicidality were further examined. Results: 4 groups of patients were observed, emerging from RFL differences in "Survival and Coping Beliefs", "Fear of Social Disapproval", "Responsibility to Family" and "Child-Related Concerns". Profiles varied by gender but not age. We further observed that "Survival and Coping Beliefs" and "Moral Objections" are weakened during an acute suicidal crisis. Conclusions: These findings underline the clinical utility of evaluating RFL during a suicidal crisis, and that RFL may be useful to personalize case formulation during an emergency intervention. They could further increase therapeutic communication by connecting the individual to key psychological resources. Longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate how the different groups identified in this study may yield specific post-emergency trajectories connected to specific clinical needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar y determinar la incidencia de conductas suicidas y autolesiones deliberadas entre los jóvenes en acogimiento residencial en España, y explorar el conocimiento y la competencia percibidos de los profesionales de atención directa con respecto al reconocimiento y la gestión del riesgo de suicidio. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 185 adolescentes de entre 12 y 18 años y 225 profesionales de atención directa. Se observó una elevada tasa de conductas suicidas y solo un tercio de los jóvenes que tenían pensamientos suicidas habían buscado ayuda. La mitad de la muestra de adolescentes se había autolesionado voluntariamente. Entre los profesionales de atención directa, se percibía una falta de conocimientos con respecto al reconocimiento y la gestión de las conductas de riesgo de suicidio. Los adolescentes en acogimiento residencial son una población de riesgo que debe ser objeto de intervenciones específicas dirigidas a prevenir la conducta suicida. También es necesaria la formación de los profesionales para garantizar que tengan las habilidades necesarias para preguntar a los jóvenes sobre pensamientos o intenciones suicidas y para ponerlos en contacto con los servicios de apoyo adecuados. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a matter of concern internationally. In Colombia, specifically, the importance of mental health care, including the phenomenon of suicide, has been highlighted. In this regard, policymakers have sought alternatives to address or mitigate this issue. In this context, research becomes relevant regarding the development of tools that facilitate decision-making for governmental authorities, for example, through the formulation of forecasting models that enable the identification of trends and patterns of behaviour of suicide attempts. The objective of this study is to formulate and select a regional forecasting model for suicide attempts by means of predictive analytics techniques. This paper contributes to fill the gap in the case of suicide attempts in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The fitting, validation and comparison of three different time series models, under minimum forecast error criteria is presented. The compared models include parametric, Holt-Winters and Box-Jenkins approximations; For the analysed data, the parametric model with cubic, seasonal and ARMA(0.5) components is the one with the lowest forecast error. This model manages to capture the trends of the phenomenon, with a low level of error for the projection for nearby trends, but it does not manage to respond to sudden changes in structure such as those that occurred in the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to analyze suicide rates and spatial autocorrelation in municipalities within the Southern region of Brazil. It is an ecological, descriptive, and retrospective epidemiological study that utilized mortality data from the Information System provided by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System for the period from 2010 to 2020. Suicide mortality rates served as the basis for spatial analysis, including spatial autocorrelation, using Global and Local Moran's Index. A total of 28,468 suicide cases were confirmed in the Southern region, with Rio Grande do Sul accumulating the highest proportion of deaths (n=13,250; 46.54%) and the highest mortality rate (15.40/100,000 inhabitants) among the states. Spatial analysis revealed areas with a higher association of elevated suicide mortality rates in the Southern region of Brazil, enabling the identification of priority areas for attention within the states of this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide has emerged as a pressing global issue affecting both society and public health. In this context, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) could prove effective in its approach, supported by evidence of the relationship between certain components of ACT and suicidal behavior. Thus, the present study aims to conduct a systematic review on the efficacy of ACT in suicidal behavior. For this, the PRISMA protocol was followed, using the following databases: PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and PsicoDoc. Initially, 108 potentially relevant publications were obtained, 13 of which were finally included in the review. We analyzed study quality using a risk of bias assessment instrument. As a result, statistically significant decreases in suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide risk factors were observed. In addition, some studies indicated statistically significant relationships between increased psychological flexibility and decreased SI. While the data suggested the potential effectiveness of ACT in reducing suicidal ideation (SI), more experimental studies are needed to consider the complexity of suicidal behavior and explore the processes of change involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The correspondence of Carlo Cóccioli (1920-2003) traces the relationship among religiosity, male homosexuality, and urban sociability in the Mexican context, between 1954 and 1964. There are no publications on the impact that Cóccioli's work had on Mexican homosexual people, yet there was a dense network of circulation of ideas related to Cóccioli's denunciation of ecclesiastical hypocrisy and representation of homosexual love as a divine gift. The methodology consists of an interpretive reading that incorporates an analysis of significant historical and cultural frameworks to decipher the oblique meanings of these letters. Hence, the article demonstrates that there was a cultural current of resignification of Catholic symbology to celebrate homosexual experiences, and that the tension between pleasure and shame was one of the central axes in the experiences of homosexual men who were also believers. Well-off entendidos did not use a concept of pride centered on the visibility of their sexuality, rather they disdained the effeminacy and promiscuity of working-class jotos and vestidas but resorted to camp repertoires shared with these groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide is a public health problem that affects adults and young people. Communicating suicidal thoughts contributes to suicide prevention. The objective of this research was to develop the Suicidal Communication Scale. A sample of 308 adolescents (Mage = 14.6, 53.9% women) was used. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the existence of three factors: verbal suicidal communication, nonverbal suicidal communication, and virtual suicidal communication, with adequate fit indexes (χ2/gl = 2.43, CFI = .926, TLI = .912, SRMR = .074, RMSEA [90% CI] = .068 [.058, .079]) and adequate reliability (ω = .72, .70, and .80, for each factor). No differences were found in the scale between men and women, the instrument being invariant across gender. It is concluded that the instrument has adequate psychometric properties that support its use in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to compare resilience and suicide risk among volunteers and non-volunteers, in response to the growing increase of suicides in the world and in the Ecuadorian context. A quantitative analysis methodology was applied, descriptive in scope and with a cross-sectional design. In addition, data were collected from 288 volunteers from a non-governmental organization and 701 young people who did not volunteer, using Plutchick's Suicide Risk Scale and Wagnild and Young's Resilience Scale. The results indicated significant differences in resilience between volunteers and non-volunteers (p<.001), showing greater resilience in the first group; however, no significant differences were observed in suicidal risk (p = 0941). This would suggest that volunteering could enhance resilience in those individuals who do not participate in volunteer activities, which has important implications for the design of interventions aimed at strengthening resilience in various social settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Surgeons and Health" highlights the importance of the physical and mental health of surgeons. It mentions that surgeons face risks of dermatological diseases, visual and auditory problems, and musculoskeletal disorders. Ergonomics is presented as a way to prevent work-related injuries in surgery. Additionally, it emphasizes that surgeons also face mental health problems such as depression and suicide. The need to seek help and break the idea that surgeons are invincible is emphasized. The article also addresses the syndrome of physical and emotional exhaustion in Colombia and mentions that surgeons are not superheroes and that their title or experience does not protect them from these disorders. The importance of social health is discussed and how it has not been properly implemented in the general population or in the daily lives of specialists in surgical areas. Additionally, the social determinants of health are mentioned and how they affect surgeons, such as work factors, loss of purchasing power, high tax burdens, and gender inequality. The importance of spiritual health and how it influences mental health is also discussed. In conclusion, the importance of reflecting on the physical, mental, social, and spiritual health of surgeons is highlighted. [Extracted from the article]

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test whether there is a relationship between five types of violence and suicidal behaviors and if this relationship is mediated by depression and alcohol consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online survey was conducted with school-going adolescents from 20 states in the Republic. Five types of violence were measured using the International Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children and Adolescents (ICAST-C), suicidal behaviors and depression were assessed using the Youth Self Report, and substance use was measured using the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Logistic regression was performed to predict suicidal behaviors. RESULTS: 6,775 adolescents with internet access participated, with 61% females and an average age of 16.40 years (SD=1.33). Between 20% and 85% reported some form of violence, 35% reported alcohol consumption, 3.4% showed symptoms of depression, and 7.39% reported suicidal behaviors. Significant logistic regression models were found, indicating that psychological violence, physical violence, sexual violence, neglect, and exposure to violence predict depression and alcohol consumption. These variables, in turn, predict suicidal behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: All five types of violence have an indirect relationship with suicidal behaviors in Mexican adolescents, mediated by depression and alcohol consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: This article aims to describe the process of designing and evaluating the effectiveness of a communication strategy for the prevention of adolescent suicide among peers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out in four phases: 1) identification of needs among adolescents, 2) design of the communication strategy, 3) review of content and graphic materials by experts, and 4) piloting and evaluating effectiveness. RESULTS: The identified needs were grouped into categories: 1) Identify the warning signs of suicidal behavior, in one's own and one's peers; 2) know what to do; 3) know where and how to ask for help; and 4) reduce the stigma of professional mental health care. Key content and messages were developed for the first three categories through the acronym "ESA" (By its acronym in Spanish, Listen to the warning signs, Not Only, and Professional Help), aimed at adolescents from 10 to 19 years old. The graphic identity was based on three characters and an ideologue. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of a communication campaign was developed and tested to raise awareness among adolescents about suicidal behaviors to seek help for themselves and their peers and to reduce the stigma towards suicide and mental health problems in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes how Colombian writer Fernando Vallejo uses his novel La rambla paralela (2002) to expose his literary suicide (the death of his novelistic alter ego and his desire to stop writing altogether) as a form of protest towards the nonsensical nature of reality, which is frequently evidenced in Colombian society. To this end, the first section describes the role that suicide has had in Western thought and literature. Afterwards, the second section explains the reasons behind Vallejo’s critical stance in his works. Finally, the third and main section analyzes how Vallejo kills his narrative in his novel and how this act serves as the author’s most radical protest against contemporary reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text discusses suicide from an existentialist psychology perspective. It delves into phenomenological ontology and highlights the biographical approach, existential psychoanalysis, and the progressive-regressive method for clinical management of family bereavement. The interplay between existential psychology and contemporary discussions proposed by Bauman and Byung-Chul Han highlights suicide as endemic, related to the phenomena of positivity and transparency posited by these authors. In the face of the human condition, which is pure negativity, suicide can be understood as a failure of the project of being. Technology, the current paradigm of relating to others, reveals an attempt to deny alterity, characteristic apparently underlying current suicidal behavior. Clinical management of survivors of a suicidal event should encompass dimensions such as prevention and postvention. Bereavement, experienced as a communal dimension, is accompanied by a certain impact of silencing and manifest itself as an expression of the ethical dilemma with the dimension of another age. The Sartrean methodology is highlighted in this context as a possibility for clinical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although some studies have been carried out about suicidal behavior in the adolescence in Colombia, it has been necessary to carry out research with larger samples and from different regions of the country, examining aspects of ideation such as suicidal planning, which tends to predict suicidal attempts, taking into account that sex differences in attempts and such ideation among Colombian adolescents have not been sufficiently investigated. This study examined sex differences in the number of suicide attempts and suicidal ideation (seriously thinking about suicide and planning to commit suicide in the last twelve months), among 1659 adolescents aged 13 to 19 years (54 % female), from four cities of Colombia (Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Tunja and Yopal). In addition, adolescents who reported having thought of a suicide plan were compared with those who had not, in a series of individual and socio-family variables previously related to suicidal behavior. The instruments used were the Checklist SCL-90-R, the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI), the Behavior Assessment System for Children 3rd Ed. (BASC-S3), a self-report questionnaire on psychological variables, and a self-report questionnaire on incidents of violence between parents witnessed by adolescents. Non-parametric tests (Mann Whitney U, effect size for this test, Chi Square, Odds Ratio) were used, due to the nominal and ordinal nature of some variables and because the quantitative variables were not normally distributed in the sample. Women reported more suicide attempts than men, and significantly more (p = .05) reported serious thoughts of suicide and a suicide plan. The participants who thought about a suicide plan in the last twelve months presented a significantly higher range of scores (p = .05) of the psychopathological symptoms measured with the SCL-90R and the BASC-S3, such as somatization, obsessions-compulsions, depression, anxiety, hostility and psychoticism, in the global severity index of the SCL-90R, in the clinical and school maladjustment indices of the BASC-S3, as well as a smaller range of scores in the personal adjustment index and the scales of this BASC index (interpersonal relations, relations with parents, self-esteem and self-confidence). They also reported a higher frequency of sexual, relational, verbal-emotional, physical violence and threats from their partner or ex-partner, examined by the CADRI, as well as a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages, marijuana and inhalants, violent physical punishment by parents or another caregiver, feeling neglected by the father and mother, running away from home, poor relationships with parents and siblings, and poor academic performance. The probability of thinking about a suicidal plan was higher (OR = 2.0) among those who reported feeling so sad or hopeless that they had to interrupt their normal activities, almost every day, for two weeks or more; having been physically punished in a violent way by a parent or other caregiver; having been forced to a sexual act by an older person, a peer, a family member or a stranger; having been abandoned totally or for a considerable time by the mother; having been thrown out of the house by one of the parents and having witnessed acts of physical, verbal or other types of violence between the parents. These results indicate that adolescents who have a greater vulnerability to suicidal behavior could be identified among those who present negative family circumstances, such as poor relationships with parents, domestic violence and observation of violence between parents, as well as negative social circumstances, such as poor interpersonal relationships, sexual violence and intimate partner violence, which could lead to the development of psychopathological symptoms, substance use, poor academic performance and other manifestations of clinical, educational and personal maladjustment, in order to carry out an intervention that decreases the likelihood of suicide attempts. They also show the importance of developing prevention alternatives from an ecological perspective, including peers, parents and teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The WHO made recommendations for the responsible publication of news about suicide, after the evidence of the effects of imitation of this behavior due to its inadequate transmission. The Covid-19 pandemic had a negative effect on the mental health of the human population, generating states of frank vulnerability. The main objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of news about suicide published in traditional mass media in Colombia, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2021), according to the aforementioned recommendations. Methodology: A documentary study was carried out in which the content of 92 news items on suicide was analyzed. Results: 100% of the news shows deficiencies in following the WHO recommendations, especially in taking advantage of the opportunity to educate the public about suicide (96.7%); use photographs or videos cautiously (98.9%); paying attention when reporting celebrity suicides (100%) and providing information on where to seek help (95.7%). There were differences in the follow-up of the recommendations before and during the pandemic. Discussion: Follow-up to the WHO recommendations in the transmission of news about suicide was very low, which may be a risk factor that increases the probability of occurrence of the Werther effect. Conclusions: Mass media have a high responsibility in the transmission of news about suicide and can contribute decisively in imitation but also in prevention and education about this behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research was to describe the effect of depression, hopelessness, and impulsivity on orientation to suicide and the role of impulsivity as a mediator of suicidal orientation in university students with a history of selfinjury behaviors. 1645 young people between 18 and 29 years old participated, from two Colombian cities. 218 young people were selected (M= 21.00; SD= 2.99) who reported at least one suicide attempt in the last year, who answered the "Suicidal Orientation Inventory", the "Beck Hopelessness Scale", the "Beck Depression Inventory" and the "Barratt Impulsivity Scale". Depression, hopelessness, and impulsivity explained 63% of the variation in suicidal orientation (R2= .635, IC 95% [.555, .713], p=.001). Impulsivity mediated with depression in those cases in which suicidal orientation was high, whose total, direct and indirect effects were statistically significant (p< .001). Impulsivity plays a mediating role between depression and hopelessness in predicting suicidal orientation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to present Miguel de Unamuno as a literary critic of Portuguese literature and as a thinker of the “tierras de Portugal” who decisively impacts the narrative progress and the ethical-aesthetic meanings of the novel The year of the death of Ricardo Reis, published by José Saramago already in end of the 20th century (1984). From a dialogical perspective, we bring the Saramago from the 1980s and Unamuno (Basque intellectual from the first half of the 20th century, who died in 1936) together, to inscribe them into the heart of Iberian culture, in order to think about the literary and historical connections between the beginning and end of the “century of extremes” (Hobsbawm, 2008) in Portugal. We focus, above all, on unamunian thought about Portugal and Portuguese literature expressed in the works Por tierras de Portugal y de España (Unamuno, 1911) and Portugal povo de suicidas, a collection of essays by Unamuno published in Portugal, in 1986, highlighting the sepulchral tone of these critical notes. With the contribution of studies by Carlos Reis (2022) about Saramaguian prose, we discuss death and self-inflicted death in the construction of the 1984’s publication and evaluate the permanence of Unamunian thought in the poetics of the Portuguese Nobel Prize winner [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicidal behavior is constituted as a public health problem, and the literature is recognized extensively for enunciating risk and protection factors associated with the attempt of suicide. The evaluation of the methodological quality of the primary studies is required by systematic reviews, thus guiding decision-making regarding the design of interventions from the risk approach. The identification of the risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents and young people in Latin America studies and the evaluation of the methodological quality of the included studies were the objectives of this systematic review. The databases CUIDEN, LILACS, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, SCOPUS, EBSCO, and Medline were consulted, with the results being restricted to articles in the last 10 years. A total of 3,642 documents were obtained, from which 19 studies were included. Of the studies, 52.63% (n=10) were found to have a medium internal validity level, and 57.89% (n=11) were determined to have a medium global quality level. The most frequently reported family risk factors were family dysfunction and suicide background, with other factors including the presence of mental disorder, psychoactive substances consumption, physical violence, sexual violence, and the social factor. On the other hand, the study of protective factors was found to be limited, with family functionality and support being the most frequently reported evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Knowing the sociodemographic patterns of people who die by suicide contributes to the understanding of the phenomenon and to the development of effective preventive measures. Aim. To quantitatively describe the trend of suicides in Yucatan during 2012- 2021 and to analyze the differences in the sociodemographic profiles between men and women. Materials and methods. A total of 2,179 suicides (81% men) registered by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography were analyzed. We calculated annual suicide rates and applied a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to identify socioeconomic patterns that distinguish men and women. Results and conclusions. From 2012 to 2019, annual rates increased from 12.4/100,000 to 18.2/100,000 (46%) in men and from 2.8/100,000 to 4.2/100,000 (50%) in women. In 2021, the rate in men reached 24.3/100,000 and in women 5.3/100,000, increases of 34% and 30% respect 2019. The MCA showed that deceased persons are segregated according to their socioeconomic conditions and age. Males are present more frequently (38% vs 12%) in the "socioeconomically less favored" quadrants (no education or basic level of schooling, use of Seguro Popular or without health service, rural residence and use of indigenous language) and in the young adult category, while women are concentrated (41% vs. 19%) in the "most socioeconomically advantaged" quadrants (office work or no work, use of IMSS and higher education) and in the young adult category. In conclusion, suicide in Yucatan has increased substantially in both sexes in the last ten years. Men show less favorable socioeconomic conditions than women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study sought to identify whether there was an increase in the reporting rates of self-harm and suicide in the Vale do Paranhana region, comparing pre-pandemic rates in the period from 2017 to 2018 with those intrapandemic of COVID -19 in the period from 2020 to 2022. Method: This is a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study of a quantitative nature, with data collection at the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the Notifiable Diseases Information System Portal (SINAN) seeking to verify whether there was an increase in rates of self-harm and suicide in the Vale do Paranhana region, Rio Grande do Sul. Results: There was no increase in cases of self-harm and suicide in the intra-pandemic period, however, it was possible to identify a strong correlation between cases of self-harm and suicide in the preand intra-pandemic period. Conclusion: The set of findings obtained in the present study indicates that there was no increase in the rates of self-harm and suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article pretends to approach suicide as an occurrence of resentment a kind of revenge. Empirically, I have trying to evaluate the factors that influenced decision to commit suicide by a 32-year-old man in the 1961. The information about this case is contained in a report of Cadaverous Exams into police inquiry, three statements from witnesses who found the body, two letters from suicidal letters and your heritage. Theoretically, I used a framework of classic books that considers psychosocial elements as determinants of suicide. Methodologically, the analysis of the source of contextualization procedures and historiographical criticism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to investigate the construction of scenes for the socio-environmental campaign that won the most awards at the "Cannes Film Festival" in 2023, in order to identify and describe the media discourses that contribute to the production of culture and values in society. A theoretical-methodological analysis was carried out exploring the interactions between advertising, sustainability and symbolic production, with a focus on evaluating the trajectory of the Cannes awards, which recognise advertising as an agent of social and environmental transformation, identifying campaigns in these areas. The corpus was defined by the most awarded campaign in 2023 at Cannes, related to social and/or environmental issues, in this case "The Last Photo". The analysis was conducted using a discursive approach, considering lexical elements, argumentative techniques, prominence and components external to verbal language. The results of the study showed that the campaign predominantly uses advertising discourse, especially audiovisual adverts exploring social issues. Scenography plays an important role in the construction of these scenes, lending credibility and emotion to the speeches. The campaign's approach challenges the stereotypes surrounding suicide, using real cases to promote reflection. Transmedia storytelling and accessible language are used to reach audiences effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, health-care workers (HCWs) may have been confronted with situations that may culminate in moral injury (MI). MI is the psychological distress that may result from perpetrating or witnessing actions that violate one’s moral codes. Literature suggests that MI can be associated with mental health problems. Objective: We aimed to meta-analytically review the literature to investigate whether MI is associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, burnout, and suicidal ideation among active HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: We searched eight databases for studies conducted after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic up to 18 July 2023, and performed random-effects meta-analyses to examine the relationship between MI and various mental health outcomes. Results: We retrieved 33 studies from 13 countries, representing 31,849 individuals, and pooled 79 effect sizes. We found a positive association between MI and all investigated mental health problems (rs = .30–.41, all ps < .0001). Between-studies heterogeneity was significant. A higher percentage of nurses in the samples was associated with a stronger relationship between MI and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Samples with a higher percentage of HCWs providing direct care to patients with COVID-19 exhibited a smaller effect between MI and depressive and anxiety symptoms. We observed a stronger effect between MI and PTSD symptoms in US samples compared to non-US samples. Conclusion: We found that higher MI is moderately associated with symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, burnout, and suicidal ideation among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings carry limitations due to the array of MI scales employed, several of which were not specifically designed for HCWs, but underscore the need to mitigate the effect of potentially morally injurious events on the mental health of HCWs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Higher alcohol use and military sexual assault (MSA) are associated with increased risk of death by suicide. Risk for death by suicide is rapidly increasing among females, who report higher rates of MSA, yet actual death by suicide and alcohol use are higher among males. It is not well understood whether higher alcohol use confers greater suicide risk in male or female service members and veterans who have experienced MSA. Objective: To determine whether the association between alcohol misuse and suicide risk was moderated by biological sex in a sample of male and female service members (N = 400, 50% female) who reported MSA. Method: Participants completed surveys of alcohol use and suicide risk as well as a demographic inventory. Linear regression with an interaction term was used to determine if suicide risk differed by sex and alcohol use severity after accounting for discharge status, sexual orientation, and age. Results: Average scores on the suicide risk measure were consistent with an inpatient psychiatric sample and scores on the AUDIT-C were indicative of a probable positive screen for alcohol misuse. Suicide risk was most pronounced among males who reported higher levels of hazardous alcohol use. A sensitivity analysis examining suicide risk by sex and screening results for alcohol misuse (positive/negative) showed that men with a probable positive screen had higher suicide risk. Discussion: The current study provides novel findings on suicide risk among survivors of military sexual violence by including both male and female survivors. Interventions to decrease suicide risk following MSA may consider alcohol reduction strategies, and optimizing these interventions in males. Engaging military culture at both the US Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs to encourage more healthy alcohol consumption may mitigate this public health concern. Future research may consider how country of origin relates to these associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual violence against children and suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors are two social and health problems that have increased. Sexual assaults have an impact, affecting the tendency to carry out autolytic behaviors. Therefore, it was intended to study the relationship between having been a victim of sexual violence in their childhood and the probability of engaging in suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescence and early adulthood. For this, a systematic review has been carried out, through the Pubmed and PsycInfo databases of articles published between 2015 and 2022. A significant relationship has been found between both problems, observing that the suicide attempts of these victims were intrinsically related to their experiences of aggression. Thus, it has been found that variables such as gender, rumination, emotional dysregulation, social support, and characteristics of aggression mediate the relationship between sexual violence against children and suicidal and non-suicidal autolytic behaviors. This type of investigation helps us to establish the focus of intervention in the cases of victims of child sexual assault, but it should also help to give visibility to the problem and promote preventive intervention protecting children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: suicidal behavior is a health problem that results in a high risk for the physical and psychological integrity of the individual. Objective: to characterize suicidal behavior in the Province of Villa Clara in the period from January 2016 to December 2020. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. 5,700 patients who had suicidal behavior in the province during the period studied were studied. To obtain the necessary information, the notifiable disease cards were reviewed. The quantitative variables were described using absolute frequencies, relative frequencies and rates. Results: the year 2016 showed a higher incidence of suicide attempts, with a rate of 160x100 000 inhabitants. The mortality rate from suicide was higher in males and in patients 80 years of age and older, including both sexes. Suicide attempts were recorded at a higher rate in female patients between 25 and 59 years old. The highest rate per 100 000 inhabitants of suicide attempts was recorded in the Municipality of Camajuaní (163.6) and the highest mortality rate due to suicide in the Municipality of Corralillo (29.4). Conclusions: more than half of those who died by suicide had premature mortality and the rate of years of potential life lost was lower than the national rate. The municipalities with the highest mortality from suicide and the highest mortality from suicide attempts were those with the greatest number of rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the most prolific writers of modernist fiction, Ford Madox Ford shared the period's fascination with suicide. Despite the complementary relationship between the theme of suicide and the double-motif, a concentrated analysis of its significance in Ford's portrayal of the modern world in The Rash Act (1933), his work which most directly focuses on the theme of suicide, has not, to date, been conducted. Accordingly, this article presents a systematic examination of the aforementioned relationship in The Rash Act by applying Anthony Giddens' psychosocial exploration of suicide in "A Typology of Suicide" (1966), which apart from offering an etiological analysis, serves to aptly contextualize the structuring device of suicidal doppelgängers in the modernist milieu of the novel. It will be argued that, through suicide, the protagonist strives to realize his ego-ideal, which is embodied by his double, oblivious to the fact, however, that it ironically entails the annihilation of the identity of the double (ego-ideal) himself, along with the symbolic destruction of the protagonist's own identity. By expunging the embodiment of the ego-ideal rather than the protagonist's undesirable ego, suicide thwarts the actualization of the protagonist's illusory rebirth. The upshot is a trio, in whose liminal space, suicide, the double-motif and the narrative of identity loss correspond to each other's contradictions and indeterminacy, which mirror Ford's literary conception of his age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Turin branch of the APF, since its inception, has been characterized by and has over time consolidated an experience of integration between educational and clinical activities of those territorial services. This has manifested as a contribution to the development of clinical practices and activities of some Public Services within both the adult and developmental age areas. The presence of APF instructors, former students, and interns, in these contexts for many years, has contributed to the spread of the systemic relational model and the formation of a professional network that refers clinical cases to APF for therapeutic intervention. This article will focus on the description of "bridge" interventions between the clinical center and the Public Services, addressing the adolescent emergency that has intensified with the pandemic, exacerbating pre-existing suffering. Some of the experiences developed both within the services and in the clinical area as an attempt to respond to the profound and complex distress expressed by the young people and their families will be exemplified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Police personnel are among the first responders exposed to terrorist attacks, raising in number in the late decades. Due to their profession, they are also exposed to repetitive violence, increasing their vulnerability to PTSD and depression. Objective: Our study aims at comparing the prevalence of PTSD and depression, and the risk factors associated with these conditions among directly and indirectly exposed versus non-exposed police personnel during the Strasbourg Christmas Market terrorist attack. Method: Three months after the attack, participants completed a survey assessing their sociodemographic characteristics, occupational data, degree of exposure, sleep debt around the event, event centrality (CES), and three mental health conditions: PTSD (PCL-5), depression (PHQ-9), and suicide risk (yes/no questions). Results: A total of 475 police personnel responded to the questionnaire: 263 were exposed to the attack (182 of them directly) and 212 were non-exposed. Among directly exposed participants, the prevalences of partial and complete PTSD were 12.6 and 6.6%, and the prevalence of moderate-to-severe depression was 11.5%. Multivariate analysis revealed that direct exposure was associated with a higher risk of PTSD (OR = 2.98 [1.10–8.12], p =.03). Direct exposure was not associated with a higher risk of depression (OR = 0.40 [0.10–1.10], p =.08). A significant sleep debt after the event was not associated with a higher risk of later PTSD (OR = 2.18 [0.81–5.91], p =.13) but was associated with depression (OR = 7.92 [2.40–26.5], p <.001). A higher event centrality was associated with both PTSD and depression (p <.001). Conclusions: Police personnel directly exposed to the Strasbourg Christmas Market terrorist attack were at higher risk of PTSD but not depression. Efforts to prevent and treat PTSD should focus on directly exposed police personnel. However, general mental health should be monitored for every personnel member. Direct exposure to the terrorist attack and gender (female) were significantly associated with a higher risk of PTSD among police personnel. Sleep debt after the attack was significantly associated with depression but not with PTSD. No occupational factor was associated with either PTSD or depression. Both PTSD and depression were significantly associated with a higher suicide risk. A higher event centrality was significantly associated with direct exposure and a higher risk of both PTSD and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is evidence to suggest that the experience of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) may be commonly associated with elevated risk for several mental ill-health comorbidities. Objective: The current study seeks to contribute to the growing literature on C-PTSD comorbidity by examining the relationship between C-PTSD and other mental health disorders in a UK Armed Forces veteran sample. Method: This study used data from the Northern Ireland Veterans' Health and Wellbeing Study (NIVHWS). The effective sample consisted of 638 veterans (90.0% male). Tetrachoric correlations examined the relationship between C-PTSD caseness and other mental health outcomes. Latent class analysis was then conducted, determining the optimal number and nature of classes in the sample in relation to C-PTSD, depression, anxiety, and suicidality. Results: C-PTSD caseness (i.e. probable diagnosis) was found to be significantly associated with positive caseness of depression, anxiety, and suicidality. Overall, four latent classes emerged, with each of these classes characterized by varying degrees of comorbidity: a 'Resilient/Low Comorbidity' class, a 'Lifetime Suicidal' class, a 'PTSD Polymorbid' class, and a 'C-PTSD Polymorbid' class. Conclusions These findings support and extend previous results indicating the highly comorbid nature of C-PTSD. C-PTSD may be considered a highly polymorbid condition, increasing the risk for multiple mental health pathologies concurrently. The results showed that probable complex PTSD was associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidality in this military veteran sample. Latent class analysis revealed that probable complex PTSD was associated with multiple conditions concurrently, suggesting that complex PTSD is not only highly comorbid but polymorbid. The findings highlight the importance of screening for multiple pathologies, particularly in cases of probable complex PTSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. In 2020, suicide was the third leading cause of death in Mexico among young people ages 15 and 29, accounting for 43.0% of all suicides in the country, making it a major public health issue. Objective. To explore changes in the geographic distribution of suicide rates by state and to analyze the magnitude, distribution, and pattern of suicide mortality in young Mexicans ages 15 to 29 between 1990 and 2020. Method. Descriptive, ecological time-series study, based on official information. Standardized mortality rates were calculated using information on deaths (INEGI) and population estimates (CONAPO). The magnitude, distribution, and patterns of suicide mortality at the national level and by state were analyzed using the Joinpoint segmented regression model. Results. From 1990 to 2020, suicide mortality in young people increased by 198% and was higher in women (285%) than men (178%). The states with the highest suicide mortality rates from 2016 to 2020 were Chihuahua (18.5 suicides/100,000 young people ages 15-29), Aguascalientes (16.6), Yucatán (14.4), Guanajuato (14.1), and San Luis Potosí (12.9), accounting for 23.0% of total suicide deaths. Discussion and conclusion. The study of mortality trends could contribute to the management of a national suicide prevention strategy in young Mexicans, providing support for public health decision-making, such as the identification of the states and regions that should be prioritized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adjustment to the unifactorial model of the four versions of the Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale (ACSS, ACSS-5, ACSS-8, ACSS-FAD) in its adaptation to Spanish was analized. Method: junior high school (n=368), high school (n=237) and university (n=240) students participated. Results: The ACSS-FAD model showed the best fit indices and partial factorial invariance by sex. In addition, adequate reliability (α=.77, ω=.81); Differences were found between people without a suicide attempt (M=18.05; SD=6.52; t(358)=1.87; df=358; p<.05; d=.67) and with a suicide attempt (M=21.13; SD=2.06). Conclusion: The ACSS-FAD-ES model presents adequate psychometric properties to assess the acquired capacity for suicide in the dimension that assesses the absence of fear of death in Mexican samples of adolescents and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and factors associated with suicidal ideation in a sample of resident physicians from two institutions. Materials and methods: A descriptive, observational, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the suicidal ideation and associated factors with the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale among resident physicians from two hospitals between September and October 2022. Descriptive statistics were used with measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as relative and absolute frequencies. In addition, Pearson's chi-square goodness of fit test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to examine the differences between specialties, and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test to determine which specialty was different. Results: A total of 225 surveys were answered, out of which 20 were eliminated due to inadequate completion, leaving 205 complete surveys for analysis. The average age was 28.66 years (SD ± 2.360) and 71.2 % were females. Concerning the specialties, pediatrics was found in 28.8 % of the respondents and anesthesiology in 20.5 %. A significant association between specialties with a value of p = 0.0000 and academic degrees with p = 0.003 (p ≤ 0.05) was evidenced. Differences regarding suicidal ideation were found by specialty: Kruskal-Wallis H test showed a value of p = 0.000 and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test revealed that the specialty of gynecology was the different one. Conclusions: According to the results of the study sample, approximately one fourth of the resident physicians had suicidal ideation. Its prevalence in this sample showed no significant difference with respect to its incidence in Latin America. An association between suicidal ideation, medical specialties and academic degree was found. As for the comparison between specialties, gynecology was the one with the highest suicidal ideation rate. This work had some limitations; for example, the groups were very heterogeneous, a probabilistic selection technique was not used, and the statistical tests were nonparametric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide had traditionally been silenced in the media until the beginning of the 21st century, when the World Health Organization (WHO) changed its recommendation not to report on it in order to disseminate this serious social problem and contribute to its prevention. Work has been done to define how and with what limits the media should report, but there are no codes dealing with social networks, which require specific treatment given their great capacity for influence. This research analyses the information on suicide published on social networks by the Spanish media with the greatest interaction on Twitter and the feedback from audiences, during the first six months of 2022, applying the different ethical codes and consulting the seven state organizations specialized in suicide. This work aims to examine the connection and interaction between the selected media and their audience in social networks, participation, the type of content created by the media and the exchange produced with their audiences. In the results, it is observed that the interaction of the audience regarding the different approaches of the media on Twitter on suicide is associated with the idea of sharing, commenting or bookmarking those messages related to prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the perception of Family Health Strategy (FHS) professionals regarding the care of individuals with suicidal behavior. Conducted in four teams, it is descriptive exploratory qualitative research that collected data through semi-structured interviews, analyzed using thematic content analysis. The results were organized into seven subcategories, divided into two categories: "Meaning of suicidal behavior for FHS professionals" and "Work in FHS and attention to suicidal behavior." Healthcare professionals recognize the complexity of preventing suicide within the FHS and make efforts to identify risk factors and suicidal behaviors. However, many of them do not feel adequately prepared for this role. Mental health actions directed at individuals with suicidal behavior within the FHS are modest, highlighting the need to enhance understanding and engagement with the meanings of suicide and its prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide or, at least, attempted suicide are prevalent problems in the world population, as well as in the Brazilian population. In recent years, there has been a growing increase in the number of suicides in the general population, especially among females. The method adopted was a crosssectional and quantitative study, analyzing a total of 68 patients who attempted suicide and 10 patients who died due to suicide, in the period between 2015 and 2018. The age group most likely to attempt suicide is between 20-39 years, and deaths are the same between the age group of 20-39 years and 40-64 years. Furthermore, there was a greater number of men who committed suicide. The epidemiological results in the present study demonstrated that a large part of the sample was composed of young and middle-aged adults. When discriminating by sex, however, it is known that, although females are more vulnerable to self-inflicted injuries, men are more successful in committing suicide. Suicide is a multifactorial and complex problem and the success of these actions in society requires commitment and persistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study aimed to understand the meanings, motivations, and signs attributed to suicidal behavior from the perspective of high school students at a public school in the southern region of Brazil. Fifteen teenagers, six women and nine men aged between 16 and 17 participated in this study. The Focus Group Technique and the Mentimeter digital resource were used for data collection. Data organization and analysis were based on Grounded Theory, with the help of Atlas.TI 8.4.15 software. In terms of results, it can be pointed out that the construction of meanings and motivations for suicidal behavior resulted from family, school, friends, media, and digital social network experiences. The signs related to suicidal behavior from the adolescents researched were social isolation, stopping hobbies, low self-esteem, lack of motivation and silence, talking a lot about the subject, self-harm, negative thinking, and strange behaviors. In this sense, this research showed that the recognition of signs is crossed by the meanings and motivations that are attributed to suicidal behavior and are based on the social-historical-relational construction. It concludes with the need to intertwine all contexts involved in the adolescent development process: school, community, family, friends, digital networks, and health professionals, from the perspective of the expanded and integrative clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of depression as well the suicide rate in Mexico in the past years. Materials and Methods: Observational analysis through open access databases on cases of depression and mortality in Mexico between the years 2014-2021; the incidence and suicide rate were calculated along the 95% confidence interval by assuming a Poisson distribution. Results: The incidence of depression in Mexico has increased since 2014; the calculated incidence in the next years shows that this trend will continue. Females are more affected than men, while the age group most affected is people over 60 years of age. The Mexican state that registers more new cases is Durango. The suicide rate also shows an increasing trend in recent years. Conclusion: Depression is a growing health public problem. The early diagnosis of depression in Mexico is still insubstantial; then, better surveillance of this disease is necessary to properly address the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article contributes with additional information, until now very little known, from the moment when the great Peruvian writer José María Arguedas, wounded of death product of had been inflicted with a bullet in the head which provoked him to be transferred from the National Agrarian University towards the Employee's Hospital. On the way, it is noted that a stop was made, until now scarcely known, that happened in the Post of the Grau Public Assistance Health Center, in the afternoon of Friday November 28, 1969. That day, as a consequence of a strong intestinal infection, the author of this article was being treated in the same Health Center, finding himself sharing the same room, during that time with the alleged writer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social networks are a fundamental piece of the current communication, allowing the participation of people in the construction of news through the expression of their opinions. This study explores the presence of rape myths in social networks in the case of the rape and suicide complaint of Antonia Barra Parra, a 21-year-old Chilean woman. Thematic analysis in the framework of social phenomenology was used to analyze comments posted in four news videos, produced by Chilean open television channels and available on the YouTube platform. Four general themes were identified: topics related to her, related to the rape, topics related to stereotypes, and related to suicide, the first three referring to rape myths, and the fourth to the victim's suicide. This study evidence that rape myths described in the literature are present in the discourses of the social networks, showing high levels of misogynist and depreciation of women. In addition, particular rape myths emerge, which are related to stereotypes associated with hegemonic beauty and the social status of the victim and the aggressor. The contents related to suicide show two themes: comments that reinforce rape myths and comments that interpret suicide as an act that unveils sexual aggression. These results suggest that social networks are useful to study how individuals reproduce rape culture in the analysis of sexual violence cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to assess mental health between officers and junior of the military fireman department. Method: descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out with firefighters from the city of Anápolis-Goiás. Three instruments were used, sociodemographic, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale to assess levels of stress, depression and anxiety, and the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale to estimate the risk of suicidal ideation. Results: male gender prevailed (92.9%), age range from 40 to 49 years old (69.7%), work schedule 24x72 hours (66.1%). They presented mild and moderate depression (officers and junior - 18.0%; officers - 50.0%), mild and moderate anxiety (officers and junior - 36.0%; officers - 83.3%) and mild stress (officers and junior - 26.0%; officers – 50.0%). There was no significant difference in anxiety (p=0.262), depression (p=0.578), stress (p=0.847), and suicidal ideation (p=0.83) officers and junior and officers. Suicidal ideation was higher among officers (16.7%). Conclusion: there was no relationship between hierarchical rank and mental health, these soldiers, in general, have good mental health, but it is worth highlighting that mental disorders and a rate of suicidal ideation were evidenced in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To update prior studies on the impact of Co- vid-19 on suicide in Mexico. Materials and methods. We used interrupted time-series analysis to model the national trend in monthly suicides before Covid-19 (January 1, 2010, to March 31, 2020), comparing the expected number of suicides with the observed number for the remainder of the period (April 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021). Results. We observed a 5% increase in suicides, driven by suicides among the younger females ages <44 years and among older males ages 45+. Conclusion. Since in Mexico the impact of Covid-19 on suicide depended on sex and age, tailored public health strategies may be needed to confront the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, suicide is a public health problem in all states of Mexico; its occurrence and the worldwide dynamic increase keep occurring year after year. In first-world countries and developing ones, mental health disorders are the main trigger for suicidal behavior, leaving in it is wake devastating psychological consequences for the families of the patient who performs the suicidal act. A notable increase of almost double the number of completed suicides occurred in Nayarit between 2013 and 2018. These data stemmed from the mental health department of the Health Secretariat at Nayarit and the offices of the forensic medical services of the state attorney general. The present study used a descriptive, time-series design, employing suicide deaths in Mexico over six years, reflecting the epidemiological increase in suicide deaths. It is necessary to urgently apply the existing strategies recommended by the World Health Organization and Mexican health institutions for the prevention of suicide, as well as to implement strategies to detect suicidal behaviors on time and generate better psychological and psychiatric support for patients with already detected mental disorders. All of the above leads us to reflect on the various predisposing factors that could have caused this increase in suicides in Nayarit, Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we will attempt to analyze the reasons behind suicide and human self-sacrifice involving the salvation of polis in Euripides' fragmented tragedy Erechtheus, written in the last quarter of the 5th century B. C. It is our purpose to provide evidence of the complex perspective that the Athenian dramatist had on such topics, especially considering the display of his talents in a play that reveals the impossibility of reconciliating antagonistic visions on voluntary self-sacrifice. In that sense, we intend to present the existence of a conceptual problem, as well as pose questions concerning voluntary selfsacrifice which continue to linger beyond Ancient times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Self-injurious behavior is extremely prevalent in the adolescent population in Spain, particularly in adolescents with psychiatric pathology, which may link to suicidal ideation and suicide. To further investigate prevention strategies, it is necessary to examine associated risk factors. Exposure to adverse life events, having a perfectionist or impulsive personality, psychiatric pathology, depressive symptoms, and inadequate alcohol consumption are all known to increase risks. This study explores the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with cutting in adolescents with psychiatric pathology. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study with an opportunistic sampling was conducted. Data were collected with questionnaires from a total of 40 patients attending the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Unit (USMIJ) of the Hospital Virgen de las Nieves (HUVN) in Granada. Results: 55% of the adolescents presented self-injurious behaviors, mainly cutting (81.8%) on arms and wrists, with the stated aim of relieving emotional distress (71.4%). No significant differences were found between patients with and without self-injury regarding psychiatric diagnosis, alcohol consumption, history of abuse or family support; but there were significant differences concerning the presence of depressive symptoms, previous suicide attempts and suicidal ideation. Higher suicide risk was observed in patients with cutting than among those with other types of self-injury. Conclusions: Most of the adolescents presented self-injury by cutting their arms and wrists and did so to relieve emotional distress. Depressive symptoms, previous suicide attempts and the presence of suicidal ideation were all associated with self-injury, while patients with cutting had a higher risk of suicide. These results underline the importance of preventing self-injury, and specifically cutting, to help prevent suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of child and adolescent suicide in Spain has increased. The use of Social Media (SM) has also increased, which could have also contributed to the increase in suicidal behavior. Methods: Narrative review of studies published on Pubmed on suicidal behavior and the use of Social Media among minors. Results: The reviewed studies on the association between suicide and SM are contradictory. On the one hand, thanks to Social Media, during the pandemic, minors were able to maintain their social communities and alleviate loneliness. On the other, the inherent risks (increased anxiety and depression symptoms, addiction and cyberbullying) might also have increased, with a possible secondary association with suicidal behavior. Lack of regulation regarding the dissemination of information on suicide can lead to its spread (Werther effect), yet a good use of Social Media might prevent suicidal behavior (Papageno effect). Discussion: The association between child and adolescent suicide and Social Media is complex and bidirectional. Although there is evidence that supports that SM is an emerging risk factor for mental health, the use of SM during the pandemic might have helped to reduce the feeling of loneliness caused by confinement. The involvement of minors with SM must be studied as an additional dimension of their lives. Conclusion: The increase in child and adolescent suicide after the pandemic makes it necessary to reflect on their accessibility to the digital world in order to ensure their safety. It is essential to promote rigorous research about the possible association between SM and child and adolescent suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suicide of a patient can affect the well-being of the therapist and their team. Specific characteristics of the suicidal clinic -for example, the low prediction inherent to suicide- of the professional -for example, gender, experience, training- and of the professional team -for example, communication problems, clinical discussion, and assessment of aspects of the clinical case. The form of the impact can range from normal reactions in the case of bereavement due to suicide to post-traumatic stress, suicidal experiences, and changes in professional performance. Some general suggestions are pointed out based on the reviewed literature for consideration within the health teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]