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Preschool education holds immense significance during early childhood development as it equips children with vital knowledge, skills, and a strong groundwork for lifelong learning and behavior. In this educational process, social learning theory helps explain how small children develop behavior patterns. The purpose of this study was to implement a personal hygiene education program based on social learning theory and subsequently to assess its effectiveness. Our experiment employs a pre-test, post-test, control group experimental design. The target population comprised 65 kindergartners between the ages of 5 and 6 in the central district of Zonguldak Province, Turkey. Data collection for the study was sourced from the Personal Information Form, Health Education Scale for Preschool Children, and Control List for Children's Oral and Dental Health. After personal hygiene training, both the control and intervention groups showed an increase in scale scores, while the increase in hand washing and oral dental health scores was significantly higher for the intervention group. These results indicate that the systematic, effective implementation of preschool education yields improvements in the child's existing skills across all developmental domains while also introducing new skills. Personal hygiene, which is encouraged to be practiced both at home and school, is an observable behavior that signifies this sort of developmental progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral and dental hygiene refers to all aspects of oral health and function and health literacy is the skill of obtaining, understanding and using health-related information. The present study was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between oral and dental health literacy of mothers and the oral and dental health status of their children. Materials and Methods: This analytical study was conducted in 2023. The sample size was 167 mothers with 6-12-year-old children who referred to comprehensive health service centers of Shahrekord. Sampling was done in a simple random way. Data collection was done by using the standard oral and dental health literacy questionnaire of adults and oral and dental examination of children. The data collected after coding was analyzed with ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests. Results: The mean age of mothers participating in this study was 37.23 ± 4.99 years. The distribution of the mean score and SD of oral and dental health literacy of mothers was 66.65±15.19 and the distribution of the mean score of the number of decayed, filled and missing teeth was 2.38±1.58. There was an inverse and significant relationship between the total oral and dental health literacy score of mothers and the average number of decayed, filled and missing teeth (p=0.026 r=-0.025).. Also, there was an inverse and significant relationship between oral and dental health literacy of mothers with the number of decayed teeth (p=0.025 r=-0.032) and missing teeth (p=0.045 r=-0.045), but it did not show a significant relationship with filled teeth (p=0.229). Conclusion: It is necessary in order to improve the oral health literacy of mothers and take care of their children's teeth, training should be planned according to the education level of people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the oral and dental health of the skeletons unearthed from 4 wells in Pisidia Antiocheia excavations (Yalvaç, Isparta) were examined. The wells found in 2013 were numbered as 33 and 39 and the wells found in 2014 were numbered as 65 and 75. There were 22 skeletons dated to the Byzantine Period (11-12th CE). 13 skeletons belong to adults, while 5 skeletons belong to non-adult individuals. The ages of 4 individuals could not be determined. Of a total of 306 teeth, 91.9% (281) are permanent and 8.1% (25) are decidious teeth. 28 (9.9%) permanent teeth belong to females and 108 (38.3%) permanent teeth belong to males. The gender of 145 (51.6%) permanent teeth could not be determined. Indicators such as calculus, caries, ante-mortem tooth loss (AMTL), hypoplasia, alveolar bone loss and abscess were evaluated. The percentages of the mentioned indicators above are as follows: Caries 7.47%; enamel hypoplasia 33.1%; calculus 42.7%; alveolar loss 45.2%; AMTL 8.9% and abscess 5.69%. Results were compared with other contemporary populations. The distribution of pathologies according to tooth types are as follows: In incisors calculus and alveolar loss, in canines enamel hypoplasia, in premolars caries, in molars AMTL and abscesses were more common. Distribution of the pathologies in the maxilla and mandibula, and also in the gender groups were determined. In the maxilla enamel hypoplasia, and in the mandibula AMTL were observed mostly. There was no significant difference in other pathologies. In males, caries, AMTL, abscesses, and in females hypoplasia, calculus, alveolar loss were more common. No dental pathology was found in the 25 decidious teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of having whiter smiles has increased with the increase in people's aesthetic expectations. Patients who wish to have whiter teeth consult their dentist. Whitening treatment or the use of various kinds of toothpaste is recommended according to the condition of the teeth. However, most people seek professional applications and products that they can apply at home to produce whiter teeth. The most important and most common of these products are the whitening kinds of toothpaste. They are used both for the maintenance phase of tooth whitening treatment and to provide whitening with toothpaste. Manufacturers have developed new formulations to meet consumer satisfaction. With newer formulations, new kinds of toothpaste take their place in the market. This article reviews the general content of toothpaste and the recently popular charcoal-containing types of toothpaste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the primary causes of disability and mortality in the adult population worldwide is stroke. A person's general health is significantly impacted by their oral and dental health. People who have poor oral health are more susceptible to conditions such as stroke. Stroke risk has long been linked to oral and dental conditions. The risk of stroke and its cost impact on the healthcare systems appear to be significantly reduced as a result of the decline in the incidence and prevalence of oral and dental illnesses. Hypothetically, better management of oral hygiene and dental health lead to reduced stroke risk. To the authors' best knowledge, for the first time, the potential link between dental health and stroke were cross-examined. The most typical stroke symptoms, oral and dental illnesses linked to stroke, and the role of oral healthcare professionals in stroke prevention are revealed. The potential mediating processes and subsequent long-term cognitive and functional neurological outcomes are based on the available literature. It must be noted that periodontal diseases and tooth loss are two common oral health measures. Lack of knowledge on the effects of poor oral health on systemic health together with limited access to primary medical or dental care are considered to be partially responsible for the elevated risk of stroke. Concrete evidence confirming the associations between oral inflammatory conditions and stroke in large cohort prospective studies, stratifying association between oral disease severity and stroke risk and disease effects on stroke survival will be desirable. In terms of clinical pathology, a predictive model of stroke as a function of oral health status, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation could be useful for both cardiologists and dentists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral and dental health has a significant impact on public health as well as the quality of life among individuals and families. This study aims to design, implement, and evaluate an intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model for oral and dental health among primary school students in Rafsanjan city, Southern Iran.Methods: According to the nature of the model and with the focus group discussion and interview methods, in phases 1 to 4 (PRECEDE), predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors related to oral health were identified. The training program was designed and consisted of six sessions for students (250 students) with a brushing session, three sessions for parents, and two sessions for teachers. Process evaluation and the effect of the program on behavioral and factors affecting oral health were evaluated (PROCEED).Results: In the qualitative section, seven predisposing factors, five enabling factors, and two reinforcing factors were identified. A training program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model was found to be effective in increasing the mean scores of the above constructs and the students' brushing behavior (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Based on the model planning phases, the factors affecting the brushing behavior of children aged 6-12 years were identified. The educational program has had a significant effect on improving the scores of predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors and children's brushing behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the oral and dental health levels of individuals of a specific ethnic origin (Romani) living in Turkey and investigate its effects on quality of life. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in Adana (Yüreğir) between October 2018 and July 2019. Data were collected from 183 Romani individuals using face-to-face interview technique, an introductory information form, a form evaluating oral hygiene habits, and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) -14 scale. The number of dental caries, the number of missing teeth, and periodontal health levels, halitosis, and toothbrushing habits were evaluated by performing intraoral examinations of the participants. Results: The OHIP-14 score of the individuals participating in the study showed a statistically significant change according to the number of missing teeth, the number of dental caries teeth, and brushing habits. Accordingly, the OHIP-14 score was observed higher in individuals with extracted teeth and decay in teeth. No statistically significant correlation was found between periodontal parameters and OHIP-14 scores. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the study; It is thought that oral-dental health knowledge levels and oral hygiene habits should be increased in Romani individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oral and dental diseases are among the most common non-communicable diseases in the world and are one of the major global public health problems. The aim of this research is to determine the changes in productivity levels of the Oral and Dental Health Centers (ODHC) of the Ministry of Health in Turkey in the 5-year period between 2014-2018. Material-Method: The universe of the research consists of ODHC in Turkey, which continued its activities continuously between 2014 and 2018 and reached the capacity of 50 units and more in 2017. In the study, the entire universe that had not been sampled was reached. The Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index (MI) was used to detect changes in productivity levels in the study. Results: ME analysis found that ODHC's total factor productivity (TFP) increased by 3.8% in the period 2014-2018. Productivity increases in technological change observed in all periods except the 2014-2015 period also led to a positive change in TFP. The increase in technological change indicates that the input-output compositions in the production processes of the ODHCs give positive signals. Furthermore, in other periods other than 2014-2015, there has been a negative change in technical efficiency. Conclusions: Each 1-degree increase in efficiency scores will contribute significantly to the performance of ODHCs. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of ODHC in Turkey; manpower, capital, medical technology etc. health policies should be developed to increase the output levels that are insufficient by ensuring optimum benefits from resources, reducing the differences between regions to a minimum, withdrawing resources from areas where they are used inefficiently to areas where they are used efficiently, preventing waste and making the necessary plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Health professionals' lack of basic knowledge about oral and dental health can lead to many medical problems. Our aim with this study is to determine the knowledge and awareness levels of Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine students about oral and dental health and to determine the adequacy of our training program on oral and dental health according to the results obtained. Method: The data collection tool of the research was the survey we prepared. This survey was conducted for Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Medicine, 1-6. It was planned to be applied to all students in the class. The survey we prepared using previous similar studies consists of two parts. In the first part, the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants are determined, and in the second part, the knowledge levels of the participants about oral and dental health are measured. The survey was administered online using Google Forms. Results: A total of 165 people participated in the survey. Of the participants, 71 were men and 94 were women. In 7 questions measuring knowledge levels about oral and dental anatomy and physiology, incorrect answers vary between 4% and 49%, whereas correct answers vary between 51% and 96%. It was observed that the participants answered 11 different questions about oral and dental health incorrectly in the range of 12% to 61%, and gave correct answers in the range of 39% to 88%. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that medical students should have more knowledge about oral and dental health throughout their medical school life. Our results need to be confirmed by further survey studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chewing, transfer of nutrients and swallowing are continuous events. Chewing function covers the coordinated movement of teeth, chewing muscles, temporomandibular joints, tongue, cheeks and lips. Swallowing is a dynamic and complex movement with a widespread sensory motor neural network, requiring coordinated work of lips, tongue, palate, pharynx, larynx and esophageal muscles. In case of dysphagia, defined as deterioration at any stage of the swallowing sequence, the safety, efficiency or adequacy of food intake may be impaired. Patients with dysphagia are known to be at greater risk of developing aspiration pneumonia Diagnosis and treatment of these patients often requires a multidisciplinary approach. It is critical for an impaired oral and dental health condition and oral infections, especially for aspiration and related conditions. In order to prevent such infections, patients with swallowing dysfunction should care to oral and dental health, and they should be trained to provide oral hygiene. In these patients, it will be possible to contribute to the chewing function and indirectly to swallow problems by completing the oral and dental treatments and providing a good occlusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess women's knowledge and opinion about dental health in pregnancy and to examine the oral health behaviour of pregnant women. Material-Method: The design for this study is descriptive. A questionnaire form prepared by researchers was used to collect the data of the study which conducted face to face interviews. The sample of the study was determined by sampling size formula (n:264). Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnow, Mann-Whitney U-test and chi-square and T- test were used data analysis. Results: Mean age of participants was 27.20±5.21 and mean gestasyonel week of participants was 28.48±.89. The average daily tooth brushing rate of pregnant women was 1.74±0.68 and the dental floss utilization rate was 28.1% (n:64). During pregnancy, only 28.4% (n:75) of the pregnant women were informed about oral and dental health. No statistically significant relationship was found between taking information about oral and dental health and regular tooth brushing habit in pregnancy (x2:4,578, p:0,20). The baby's calcium intake from the mother's tooth, and the loss of a mother's tooth in every pregnancy was common misinformation known to the pregnant women. Conclusions: It was determined that the pregnant women knowledge about oral and dental hygiene habits were not adequate. Multipar women were found to have more misinformation about oral and dental health in pregnancy than primipar women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present research aimed to investigate the effect of an educational intervention based on the health belief model in pregnant women visiting the healthcare centers in the west of Tehran in 2016. Materials and Methods: The present experimental research was conducted on 135 pregnant women visiting the healthcare centers in the west of Tehran. The subjects were selected through a randomized multistratified sampling and were divided into an experimental and a control group. The collected data were then statistically analyzed in SPSS ver.16. To do so, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used including the independent‐samples t‐test, repeated‐measures one‐way ANOVA and paired‐sample t‐test. Results: The present findings revealed a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of immediate post‐test results including perceived sensitivity, severity, benefits, barriers, and self‐efficacy along with awareness and performance constructs (p ˂ 0.001). Moreover, two months after the intervention, except for the perceived sensitivity construct (p = 0.088), the two groups diverged significantly in terms of the other constructs (p ˂ 0.001). Conclusions: The educational intervention driven by the health belief theory showed to be effective on pregnant women and can help to promote preventive behaviors of tooth decay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Oral and dental diseases are major public health problems all over the world and effect mostly developing countries. Oral and dental (ODD) diseases can be largely prevented by identification of patients under risk like older people, expectant women, and children in primary health care system. This study was conducted to determine the knowledge and attitude of family medicine residents about oral and dental health (ODH) who works in the city center of Ankara. Methods: 160 family medicine residents who work in Ankara were included in our study. A survey which consisted of 20 questions has been applied to the physicians in order to assess their knowledge and attitude about ODD. Results: The physicians' knowledge score level was moderate. The average percentage of correct answers was 61.4 ± 11.9%. The majortiy of physicians (74.4%) reported it as necessary for a physician to know about ODH and admitted (88.1%) that oral and dental health is a public health issue. Conclusion: Physicians' lack of knowledge of ODH and their generally positive attitudes toward it revealed a great need for planning of a continuous medical education program in medical training. Oral health promotion should be integrated into the existing preventive programs implemented by medical professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effects of a training intervention program based on health belief model on adopting behaviors preventing dental caries in students. Methods: This interventional semi-experimental study was conducted on 120 fifth-grade elementary school students in Sanandaj in 2017. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the required data including demographic information and the constructs of the health belief model. After random assignment of the participants into control and intervention groups (60 student in each group) the primary data were collected. Then, the training intervention was performed for the intervention group. Eight weeks after the intervention, the data were analyzed by SPSS 22, independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA. Results: The results showed no significant difference between intervention and control groups in most of the constructs of the model, including perceived susceptibility (P=0.06), perceived severity (P=0.7), perceived benefits (P =0.6), self-efficacy (P =0.8), and cues to action (P =0.08). Although there was a significant difference between the two groups only in terms of perceived barriers (P=0.001), the results of ANCOVAs showed no significant difference between two groups in terms of the mean scores of the constructs of the model. Conclusion: Our finding showed that training students in elementary schools alone cannot play a significant role in adopting preventive behaviors. Hence, it is necessary to have parents, health instructors, and teachers to cooperate in health care programs to improve the adoption of dental and oral health strategies by students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction:Regarding special physiological conditions of pregnant women, training the rules of oral and dental care are required to be more emphasized. Most of health problems are associated with human behavior and, therefore, the theories of behavior can help with prevention of oral and dental health problems. The present study was conducted to determine predictors of oral and dental care in pregnant women based on the theory of planned behavior. Material: This was a descriptive correlational study in which 208 pregnant women referring to four health centers in the city of Yazd were selected using multistage random sampling. The questionnaire was designed according to the theory of planned behavior which consisted of demographic and background information, theoretical questions, and oral and dental health status. It was completed through interview while the validity was confirmed by the expert opinions and the reliability by Cronbach's alpha of 0.83-0.64. Results: 59.1% of the studied women brush their teeth once a day and only 30.8% used dental floss daily. The average number of healthy teeth of the pregnant women was 23.56 ± 7.65. Attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control predicted 66% of behavioral intension. Health behavior predicted 12% of the changes of oral and dental health condition. Perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of behavioral intention. Conclusion: Concentrating on perceived behavioral control, the theory of planned behavior could result in optimum behaviors of oral and dental health. This model can be used as an appropriate model in promoting oral and dental health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the health status of children at five nursery schools within the Artvin Central Community Health Center region, Turkey, using a school health screening program. Materials and Methods: 257 children aged 36-72 months were included in this study. Age, sex and height-weight measurement and examinations (hair-hairy skin, eye, ear, oral-dental, genital) were performed with parental permission. The World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) for age was employed. Numbers, percentages, means are given together with standard error and confidence interval. Data were analyzed on SPSS 22.0 software using the chi-square and independent samples t tests. Results: 257 children aged 36-72 months, 47.50% female, with a mean age of 56.88±1.04 months were enrolled. Mean height was 107.48±0.74 cm, mean weight 18.67±0.35 kg and mean BMI 16.11±0.20 kg/m2. Normal weight was determined in 82.90% of children, while 13.20% were overweight and 3.50% were obese. Ocular problems were determined in 12.80% of children, hearing problems in 7.00%, dental problems in 14.80%, lice in 4.70% and short frenulum in 1.90%. An urogenital problem was determined in 10.40% of males, and undescended testis in 2.98%. Conclusion: The most common pathologies in this study were dental and ocular problems. Pre-school health screening allows primary physicians to identify major problems that will impact on school and societal health beforehand and to take appropriate measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Gum diseases and dental caries are the most prevalent diseases in societies with different cultures particularly among pregnant women. This study was done to evaluate the oral health status of pregnant women in Gonbad Kavous, northern Iran. Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was conducted on 400 pregnant women aged 20 to 40 years old in Gonbad Kavous, northern Iran during 2010-11. Demographic and oral examination information was recorded in a chick list. The obtained data were evaluated by DMFT index (Decay, Missing, and Filling Teeth) and OHI-S index (Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified). Results: The average of DMFT index was 3.29±6.21. There was a significant difference between the place of birth and place of residence of pregnant women with DMFT index (P<0.05). The average of OHI-S index in pregnant women was moderate (0.88±1.36). There was a significant difference between the location of residence and the level of education of pregnant women with OHI-S index (P<0.05). The most important factor to increase DMFT index was the high average of decayed teeth among pregnant women. Regarding the method and duration of observing oral hygiene, the most correct answers were related to method of cleaning teeth (toothbrush and toothpaste) and the least ones were related to the duration of cleaning (3-5 minutes). Conclusion: DMFT index was high in pregnant women in northern Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a case study to illustrate the design and implementation of a teaching sequence about oral and dental health and hygiene. This teaching sequence was aimed at year 10 students (age 15–16) and sought to develop their scientific competences. In line with the PISA assessment framework for science and the tenets of a context-based approach to science education, the design of the teaching sequence was based on real-life situations. After setting out these premises the paper describes and illustrates the stages and tasks involved in the teaching sequence, and discusses certain aspects of its implementation. We conclude by considering a number of issues related to the teaching sequence, including its transfer to teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Introduction: oral and dental health is part of general health and is a determining factor for improvement of quality of life. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the relationship of oral health literacy and oral hygiene self-efficacy with self-reported oral and dental health in students. Methods: This was a cross sectional correlational study. Based on kukaran formula for sample size calculation and using categorical random sampling method, 281 students of Ardakan University were selected to participate in this study. Data was collected by oral health literacy questionnaire, oral hygiene self-efficacy, and self-reported dental and oral health scale. Pearson's correlation test and stepwise regression analysis were applied to analyze the data. Results: Both two dimensions numeracy (r = 47; p< 0.01) and reading comprehension (r = 56; p< 0.01) of oral health and both two dimensions brush self-efficacy (r =60; p< 0.01) and floss selfefficacy (r = 45; p < 0.01) were significantly correlated with self-reported oral and dental health in students. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that floss self-efficacy (R = 59), reading comprehension (R = 71), numeracy (R = 73), and brush self-efficacy (R = 74) predicted the oral and dental health. In general, all these variables predicted 55% of oral and dental health variance (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Oral health literacy and oral hygiene self-efficacy have a key role in the prediction of oral and dental health and given that through enough education we can improve the oral health literacy skills or oral health self-efficacy to improve the oral and dental health of the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: One of the main objectives of dentistry is maintenance of oral health and prevention of diseases. Evidence increasingly suggests that for successful prevention of caries, preventive interactions must begin within the first year of life. Pediatricians are well positioned to begin this process with an early assessment of oral health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge of pediatricians about oral and dental health. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire prepared was applied to pediatricians working in Aydın and Izmir. A total of 256 surveys were distributed to the pediatricians working in Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Maternity and Children Hospital. 100 surveys, which were fully filled and returned, were included to the study. Results: Pediatricians' knowledge about oral and dental health was found to be moderate. The evaluation showed that 61% of pediatricians reported that a 3-month old baby living in a nonfluoridated area needed flouride supplementation. 66% of the respondents did not have information about fissure sealants. Conclusion: Knowledge of pediatricians regarding preventive dentistry applications was found to be inadequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to figure out the oral and dental health status and also to elucidate the relationships between clinical conditions and some socio-demographic characteristics in Lapta region of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) Methods: The study was done by the support and assistance of TRNC Lapta Municipality between May 2011 and May 2012 which was based on a survey and intra-oral examinations of the volunteers who were agreed to participate the study and living in in Lapta, Kayalar, Sadrazamköy, Mediterranean, Çamlıbel, Kozanköy, Alemdağ, Taşkent, Tepebaşı, Hisarköy, Koruçam, Kozan, TRNC. In order to conduct intra-oral examinations; gloves, mask, mirror, sond, wet wipes and gauze sterilized instruments, were used which was sterilized and prepared on a daily basis. Results were statistically evaluated. Results: A total of 735 patients were examined and questionnaire was filled. Results indicated that most of the participants consume sugary foods between meal courses. Of all participants, 85% of the population had toothbrush, however 8.31% never brush their teeth. Almost six percent of the people have never visited a dental clinic. There was a considerable teeth loss in the participants' mouth. More than seventy percent of the individuals had decayed teeth, whereas half of them had fillings in the mouth. Conclusion: The main oral health problem is the dental caries in Lapta region. It is suggested that the preventive dental applications, the importance of encouraging people to go to the dentist for a routine checkup and dental treatment is crucial to improve the oral and health status in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of the study was to present oral- and dental health-related knowledge and behaviors of children who presented to Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Pediatric Outpatient Clinic between March 1 and May 1, 2006 for non-dental health reasons. Method: Data were collected from a total of 173 children. A survey which contained questions about the children's oral and dental health was completed using face-to-face interview technique.Results: Forty-eight percent of the children were 5-6 years old and 68.8% were not going to school. It was determined that 43.3% of the mothers of the children in the study had a primary-school level of education and 74.6% were housewives. It also was determined that 49.1% of the children had never had a cavity, 43.4% stated that they brushed their teeth after meals, and 30.6% stated that they brushed at least once a day. More than sixty percent of the children spent their allowance on chocolate, chips, cola, candy, and other acidic drinks. A significant relationship was found between the children's ages and having a caries in this study. There also was a statistically significant relationship between the parents' tooth-brushing habit and the children's tooth brushing, and between the parents' frequency of tooth brushing and the children's frequency of tooth brushing.Conclusion: Based on the results of the study it is recommended that both children and their families be given education about oral and dental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dental and oral health is still a problem in Indonesia, especially in early childhood. Oral and dental health in early childhood needs special attention because they are in the process of growth and development that will affect the development of dental and oral health later. The purpose of this study is to find out the differences in 6-8 years old children's behaviour towards oral and dental health in the urban and rural areas in Malang. Methods: This research used observational analytic with the cross-sectional approach. The determination of the sample is done by purposive sampling technique. There are 80 samples were divided into two groups; the students aged 6-8 years in urban and rural area. The differences in behaviour between the two groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results of the study of both groups have good oral dan dental health behaviours with an average score of knowledge 49.71 and the attitudes by 44.40 for urban area. While, in rural area the result pointed out 32.29 of knowlegde and 36.60 of attitude. Statistical test results of the differences in 6-8 years old children's behaviour towards oral and dental health in both groups showed a value of p = 0.001. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there are differences in oral and dental health of children aged 6-8 years in urban and rural areas in Malang. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate dental/denture status of the elderly people living in different residential homes. In 346 elderly people from different residential homes two belonging to the state (Group 1 and Group 2) and one supported by private foundations (Group 3) were examined. Sixty percent of participants were edentulous and 22.8% of participants had no complete dentures which 9 (7.4%) of them were in Groups 1 and 2. Over 50% of the participants had no or low income and 45% of participants were illiterate. All of the participants who were illiterate and had low income were in Group 1 and Group 2. Oral hygiene was good for 15.4% and only 19.4% of participants removed their dentures overnight. Denture stomatitis was observed in 61.7% of subjects. Significant correlation was found between denture hygiene and age of participant, general health status, denture stomatitis, and overnight denture wear (p =0.001). The decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) scores were 25.52±3.37. There was statistically significant differences between groups for DMFT scores (p =0.016). Dental health education is also needed focusing on the special needs of this neglected and socioeconomically deprived population to improve their quality of life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]