Search

Three designs of a gas-liquid ejection apparatus were developed: with a long ejector, a gas-liquid jet and a short ejector, and a combined one with a multi-tiered ejector. The effectiveness of the gas-liquid apparatuses was determined by the sulfite method. From the results of experimental studies it was found that the gas-liquid ejection apparatus with a multi-tiered ejector is considerably more effective than the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The range of the characteristic properties of repulsive clathrates (RCs), which are new working media used for efficient energy conversion in thermomechanical systems, has been extended. The dissipation, storage, and conversion of energy by means of RCs is based on the use of the intermolecular forces acting on the interface of the system of a liquid and a nonwetting solid capillaryporous matrix and leading to ejection of the liquid from the pores of the matrix. It has been shown that it is possible to control characteristics of RCs such as compressibility, amount of the dissipated (accumulated) mechanical energy, specific heat, and thermal parameters of the compression-expansion process. The properties of RCs providing unique operation modes of power systems that are not realizable with conventional working media (gas, steam). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper presents theoretical results of thermal conductivity of the heterogeneous lyophobic nanosystems characterized by structure that consists of interpenetrating components. More specifically, this structure is a liquid and a solid with communicating pores non-wet by the liquid. It has been shown in this paper that forced intrusion of liquid which takes place during compression of the system can be well described by using the model of intersecting pores. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Carbon dioxide internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines remains a major issue that is typically mitigated via the addition of corrosion inhibitors. In specific operational environments, a protective natural corrosion product layer known as iron carbonate (FeCO 3) can evolve on internal pipeline walls, providing comparable corrosion inhibitionefficiency to that achieved from surfactants. However, in some instances, incomplete corrosion product coverage can initiate localised corrosion. In our previous work, we demonstrated the ability of Poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) to act synergistically with FeCO 3 when the corrosion product exhibits partial coverage of ×65 carbon steel surfaces in an aqueous CO 2 corrosion environment. In this work, we employ density functional theory (DFT) to show that PAH is able to coordinate with both FeCO 3 and the bare carbon steel surface, producing a FeCO 3 -PAH hybrid structure. The surface and chemical properties of a naturally formed FeCO 3 and the FeCO 3 -PAH hybrid layers are characterised employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with focused ionic beam (FIB), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). [Display omitted] • The PAH molecules adsorb onto the carbon steel surface and corrosion product (FeCO 3) via chemisorption and physisorption. • The PAH molecules interact with FeCO 3 through coordination and hydrogen bonding producing a hybrid layer. • The PAH centres of interaction with film-free carbon steel and FeCO 3 film are protonated and neutral amine groups. • The crystal structure and layer thickness of FeCO 3 and FeCO 3 -PAH hybrid layers are characterised and compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Film downflow from captured liquid without wave formation and its destruction is one of the most important aspects in the development of separation equipment. Consequently, it is necessary to create well-organized liquid draining in areas of captured liquid. Thus, the proposed 3D mathematical model of film downflow allows for the determination of the hydrodynamic parameters of the liquid film flow and the interfacial surface. As a result, it was discovered that the interfacial surface depends on the proposed dimensionless criterion, which includes internal friction stress, channel length, and fluid density. Additionally, equations for determining the averaged film thickness, the averaged velocity vectors over the film thickness, the longitudinal and vertical velocity components, and the initial angle of streamline deviation from the vertical axis were analytically obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• LiMn 2 O 4 interfaces as cathode material are modified by conductive F-doped SnO 2 interfacial layer. • Conductive F-doped SnO 2 interfacial layer provides efficient electron and Li+ diffusion. • Mn dissolution and volume expansion of LiMn 2 O 4 are remarkably suppressed by interfacial layer. • Conductive F-doped SnO 2 applied LiMn 2 O 4 can improve the ultrafast Li+ storage kinetics. Interfacial engineering of LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) is a promising candidate strategy to improve lithium storage performance of the cathode electrode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, although the use of interfacial engineering strategy showed a positive effect increasing cycling stability at the slow charge process due to the relaxed destruction of the LMO structure, there are unsatisfactory ultrafast lithium storage performances, which results from the extremely limited electrochemical kinetics. Therefore, in the present study, we newly developed a conductive F-doped SnO 2 (FTO) interfacial layer to implement superb lithium storage kinetics of LMO. As a results, there provide attractive functionalities in terms of efficient electron and Li+ diffusion, relaxed Mn dissolution and volume expansion at LMO, as well as an improved electrical conductivity at the electrode, resulting in the outstanding lithium storage performance (specific capacity of 76.6 mAh g−1 with the capacity retention of 82.2% at 10 C), a superb cycling capability (the specific capacity of 114.9 mAh g−1 and the capacity retention of 97.1% at 1 C), which is surpassing the results of previous studies. Therefore, this novel conductive FTO interfacial layer can be used as an effective route to improve ultrafast lithium storage kinetics of the LMO material in LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]