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This article aims to study how historical documentaries handle the development of a tale. The initial premise is that documentaries are not a mere compilation and recounting of data but rather a narration constructed based on the perspective of the audiovisual language. To understand how filmmakers create the story, we studied documentary feature-length films on the Spanish Civil War between 2000 and 2014. The sequence has been taken as the unit of analysis, and a breakdown has been made of the types of images and sounds used according to duration, order, and predominance of plot or characters. The research bears on the concept of narrative strategy, which helps to understand the format's internal mechanism, considering three issues: the production approach, the visual solution, and the narrative decision. The study of the selected corpus detected eleven narrative strategies-eleven ways to portray the same event from the past, with different purposes and intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conservation of biodiversity in the tropics has prompted the need for extended and accurate forest inventories in mountainous landscapes, where satellite imagery and radiative transfer modeling of forests have acquired much relevance. Last-generation classification algorithms (i.e. machine learning) using terrain information have proven useful for mapping forest types, however, the accuracy of classifications is measured on average over a large extent, and little emphasis has been placed on predicting which illumination configurations could in fact cause high uncertainty in the classification results. This paper presents a 3D modeling approach adapted to the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) image simulator, which indicates whether forest types are distinguishable in a set of steep terrain configurations. The approach also describes a comparison of simulated and real forest scenes on slopes at high (4 m) spatial resolution. This method was applied to estimate the spectral separability of three forest types (oak, pine, and high tropical forests) on steep terrain in Mexico. For extreme (low or high) solar incidence angles, the pine and high tropical forests were indistinguishable, and by contrast, they were distinguishable on slopes near to the solar perpendicular plane. As a consequence, to maximize favourable slope configurations, we recommend to incorporate images acquired in the morning and in the afternoon for machine learning classification algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to describe the images that accompanied information about the Covid-19 pandemic, vaccination and treatment of the virus in the following digital news media: ABC, Deia, EITB.eus, El Correo, elDiario.es, El Mundo, La Razón, La Vanguardia, Naiz and Público (20202022). A sample of 15,654 single images was studied, of which 15 clusters were identified with Artificial Intelligence techniques, including the algorithm Inception V3. The analysis is based on the combined use of a series of innovative techniques within the field of Communication. This methodology involves a large data set of images, along with the use of AI techniques such as embeddings. We opted for an unsupervised strategy, typical of exploratory and inductive research. Among the results, the identification of different typologies of images used by the medical and health-oriented media, representations of death and of the human drama caused by the pandemic, linked to the more political and economic dimension of the vaccination campaign, stands out. The images analyzed are part of 'political communication': a communication model that seeks and reinforces the relationship between the government and the media, and vice versa, to generate confidence in the management and in the system itself. The diversity of approaches observed is a positive value as it contributes to establish a more multifaceted and richer operational social reality. The media show different preferences when it comes to visually representing the issues, which translates into an unequal distribution of the same. The study has identified the different narratives revealing different uses of emotionally charged images that pose a complex scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the content on natural hazards has been attracting significant interest from the educational field due to the awareness-raising and training efforts carried out among the younger cohorts. The objective of this research is to analyze the images that are inserted in the school textbooks of Social Sciences (3rd cycle of Primary Education) that refer to natural hazards, the type of risk, the degree of catastrophism, and the territorial context to which they are assigned to explain these phenomena in Spain. Based on a review of the main publishers used in Spain (Anaya, Bromera, Santillana, SM, Vicens Vives), the results obtained show that, out of 640 images identified, most of them refer to droughts (38.2%) and floods (29.4%). Regarding the degree of catastrophism, 67.6% are presented with this purpose, and as for the territorial context, in the majority (79.4%) the geographical location is not known. In summary, risk education in the initial training stages is essential in the current climate change context for the formation of more informed and safer societies. However, the messages to be communicated must be based on scientific rigor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population growth has led to an exponential demand for agricultural products, to meet this demand it is necessary to improve management and achieve efficient use of resources without compromising the sustainability of ecosystems, particularly agricultural ones. One of the technologies that facilitate these tasks is precision agriculture (PA), which focuses on the optimization of resources and inputs based on the compilation of precise and timely geo-information of variables of agricultural interest with high spatio-temporal variability, obtained through remote sensors of three types: images captured by satellites or airplanes, images obtained from manned and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and specific information with sensors mounted on machinery or in the field. These limitations were overcome by using multispectral images, which has increased applications for agricultural purposes. Currently, multispectral images allow quantifying soil moisture, monitoring the presence of droughts and the degree of crop water stress, estimating the temporal and spatial variability of evapotranspiration, monitoring phenology, detecting nutritional deficiencies, estimating the degree of weed infestation. and insects, calculate organic carbon and soil salinity, and estimate yields and agricultural production. The use of geospatial technologies in the PA has changed the paradigm of agriculture and today constitutes a viable alternative to face the challenges that food production demands in a world with high climate variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent report The Impact of Influencers on Advertising and Consumer Protection in the Single Market the European Parliament mentions the use of nudity and sexual content and the role of perceptions and expectations towards body image and perfect images. What most moves consumers' attitudes and behavioral intentions is the credibility, attractiveness (both physical and in terms of familiarity and likability), expertise, trustworthiness, popularity, prestige and high power of the influencers. In Spain two White Papers on influencer marketing indicate that a common form of socialization, especially for girls and women, consists of showing a sexy or a perfect body and projecting an egocentric image. The aim of this research is to analyze the presence of self-objectification in top influencers in Spain and to identify its relationship with either social values of success and recognition or stereotypes. The methodology carried out has been a content analysis of 246 images of the first 14 top influencers that appear in the Report of the 500 most influential men and women influencers in Spain in 2022. From a previous literature review, the analysis has been conducted with a deductiveinductive research paradigm through coding with QSR Nvivo the following categories of selfobjectification: (1) sexy self-presentation; (2) appearance-centered attitude towards one's own perfect body - egocentric image; (3) stereotypical gender representation; and (4) success, social recognition, or popularity. The results show that self-objectification is more predominant in women than in men, and that it has an important correspondence with the self-perception of the professions they have as well as with age, being mainly belonging to the Z Generation. Both women and men who selfperceive themselves as having professions in which physical appearance is relevant (models or actors) tend to objectify themselves more. However, success and social recognition are more evident in those male influencers who emphasize their professional facet and do not resort to self-sexualization of their bodies (businessmen, advertisers or youtubers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazil is an emerging country with tremendous potential and the ambition to become a major player in global politics. Achieving high international status, however, depends not only on aspiration, but on the intersubjective perceptions of states that are already established as great powers. Brazil’s rise is connected not only to its attributes of power but to how the country is perceived by others. This article advances the study of Brazil’s status by analyzing the image of the country according to the perceptions of the foreign policy community of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. It contributes to International Relations scholarship by addressing the relation between images of a nation and its level of prestige. The article argues that knowledge about Brazil is limited even among global elites and is mostly associated with superficial stereotypes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Idioms are considered one of the most complex aspects students of English as a Foreign Language must face on their road to mastering it, and although the literature about the pedagogical principles to teach idioms is not abundant, known studies made about the didactical aspects of idioms teaching, point in the direction of using imagery or visual aids as a successful way to help students to interpret them. Throughout the quantitative method, this paper collects the results of a study made with A1-A2 level seventh-grade students that shows how helpful in an EFL classroom the use of imagery in the process of idioms elucidation, with an improvement rate of over fifty per cent when an idioms interpretation test is accompanied with visual aids in opposition to a test with no visual aids at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the research results based on an inquiry into the relationship between visuality and the right to the city for the particular case of Quito-Ecuador. The audiovisual communicative work on the social protests of the years 2019 and 2022 of the Acapana organization was taken as a case study, paying attention to the way in which its productions collaborated with the urban evolution, and in that sense, with the relationship between visuality and right to the city. It is conceived that the right to the city in relation to visuality defines realities and possibilities for cases such as the city of Quito, where certain audiovisual practices and narratives may be contributing to this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a review of the book Young People in Chiapas: Bodies and Subjectivities. Reflections on Contemporary Phenomena. San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas: Centro de Estudios Superiores de México y Centroamérica de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas (CESMECAUNICACH/JUAN PABLOS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objectives: In the laboratories of microbiology, slides with histological sections of tissues affected by parasites are used frequently, which can break easily due to constant manipulation. Moreover, a large number of students observe only the microscopic field selected by the instructor and do not have the possibility of reviewing the microscopic pathophysiological alterations in the organs. The introduction of robotic microscopes, capable of scanning and digitizing complete slides, is an alternative to to achieve more dynamic practical activities for those who assist as learners in the 21st century. Unlike conventional digital image files that feed virtual classrooms, which typically display a single view, Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) files are formatted as multi-resolution pyramids that allow real-time viewer performance to be optimized and the images can be easily shared over the Internet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the appreciation of medical students in relation to the use of WSI in the context of two cases raised for their approach during parasitology laboratory practices. Methods: Medical students from the 5th to the 10th semester were evaluated, after digitizing two histopathological sections that are part of the collection of parasite biopsies from the Microbiology course, and a clinical application was proposed for each case. Indications for use, clinical application scenarios, and WSIs were sent by email. Likewise, an instrument for measuring and collecting information (online survey) was applied that used the Likert scale with a weighting range between 1 and 5, to evaluate the quality of the digitized photographs and the behavior and functionality of the tool to each learner. Results: Sixty percent of the students evaluated with very easy (1) to open, zoom and scroll through the WSI; 60% with easy (2) to find and identify the parasite; and 80% were interested in learning how to handle the tool. Conclusions: The Whole Sheet Image (WSI) files were rated very highly quantitatively by the students who participated in the study and generated increasing interest for their future use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La ciudad de Santiago de Chile sufrió numerosas catástrofes desde su fundación, en 1541. Situada en uno de los lugares más sísmicos del mundo, experimentó terremotos frecuentes, pestes y sequías. En este contexto, los santos y las advocaciones marianas y cristológicas fueron vitales para sostener la moral de la ciudad. Mediante procesiones y rogativas, las imágenes se disputaban un lugar para prevenir catástrofes, consolar cuando estas asolaban la ciudad, o rogar para que cesaran. El monopolio de las imágenes mercedarias en el control de estos fenómenos dio paso, desde mediados del siglo XVII, a la injerencia de otras órdenes regulares. En este estudio se analizan los sucesivos patronazgos y relatos milagrosos rivales que surgieron en la prevención de catástrofes para la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, tanto en continuidad como en ruptura con las devociones eclesiales universales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This two-handed text integrates in a single space the debate held by two indisputable academic figures, Georges Didi-Huberman, art historian, and Enzo Traverso, historian, in the French digital daily news aoc [Analyse Opinion Critique], between the months of May and October 2022. In a public exchange of letters, Didi-Huberman begins the discussion on a brief comment that Traverso includes in his book Revolution. An Intellectual History (2021), which alluded to a problematic image by photographer Gilles Caron —taken during the anti-Catholic demonstrations in Northern Ireland in 1969—, part of Soulèvements, an exhibition that Didi-Huberman curated for the Jeu de Paume Museum in Paris between 2016 and 2017. From this point, the debate between the two intellectuals will extend to one of the most interesting reflections, which shows two positions on the ways of seeing the image and its relationship to history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific images are not only theory-laden, but they are exemplars of models of scientific data. Here, I argue that the aesthetic values of images play an epistemic role in science by enhancing our scientific understanding of what they represent. I claim that images in science are exemplars of models and that, when aesthetically virtuous, they constitute a great aid for the furthering of our scientific understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When a community university enables the creation of environmental education processes through collaborative educommunication activities (with images) that involve several social groups in order to provide them with access to their right to communication, the question that arises is how can the communicational perspective, which values collective knowledge, point towards a poetic possibility for community development? The objective of this study is to reflect upon the contribution of collaborative communication to development processes. Bibliographical research provides support to the reflections upon the research-intervention that generated the co-creation 28 amateur films. The contributions of Cultural Studies, Community Communication, and Educommunication are used as theoretical references. The processes built collaboratively have enabled community development in the field of Communication, exploring the creative possibilities offered by audiovisual media, which led to new perspectives about the participants themselves and the use of media, about being and acting in groups, and about the environment we inhabit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the treatment given to heritage in the images of the teaching units aimed at teaching and learning history, taking as a sample books for the entire Primary Education stage from two major publishers in the Basque Country. An ad hoc categorization form consisting of 8 variables is used. The results indicate the presence of a majority of heritage materials of a historical-artistic typology, which are collectively recognized and are not usually nominalized, with a predominance of those related to the contemporary period. They also indicate that textbooks often do not encourage working directly with the heritage elements that appear in the images, nor do they establish links with the students' previous knowledge. This provides some keys for improving how school textbooks currently introduce heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the following article, we have sought to highlight Cortázar's concept of the author-work-reader relationship. From his earliest novels, Cortázar revealed his intent to break with the established canon, with his most important work, Hopscotch, demonstrating this very rupture with respect to the traditional concept of the novel. Such an idea of fragmented stories that alternate with other types of discourse did, however, respond to what we believe is a more active type of participation from the reader who is beseiged by a variety of motives. This approach even leads the author to articulate different forms of discourse in which he can include "stories" k through frames, as is the case in Último round. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diagnostic image must be carried out with the minimum necessary exposure of the patient that allows the objective of the diagnosis to be satisfactorily achieved. For this reason, diagnostic reference levels emerge and are established as dynamic tools to help optimize radiation protection, contribute to the standardization of practices and strengthen culture of safety, without compromising the clinical purpose of each examination or process. The objective of this work is to provide an updated overview of the establishment and use of these levels for nuclear medicine and hybrid imaging. It is identified that to establish and use them properly, trained personnel and coordination and collaboration activities are required among multiple actors, including medical services, health authorities, professional organizations and regulatory bodies. The accelerated development of technology generally exceeds the change in regulations, so these levels must be updated periodically, in order to fulfil their role as a guide and spur for optimization. The worldwide expansion of hybrid technologies and their growing use are a phenomenon of the last decade, so the establishment of these levels for such technologies has not been consolidated, although countries such as the United Kingdom and Australia show solid steps in this address. Research has been carried out with phantoms and directly with patients, the latter with a more useful contribution of information. The installation of hybrid equipment in Cuba demands this study, hence its importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technique called SCAMPER is still one of the most used, both in advertising and in teaching, for the development and creation of ideas and creative images. Its name is an acronym that refers to six techniques: substitute, combine, adjust, modify, put to other uses, eliminate & reverse. This article proposes to simplify the processes formulated in this technique, reducing them to four processes, and for thest udy developed in this article, award-winning graphic advertisements at Advertising Creativity Festivals. Finally, the article also develops a classification of these techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brand is an intangible asset for companies and they are aware that they have built them based on emotions, satisfying the aspirations of consumers. And the Guijuelo Iberian Ham brands have Instagram profiles as a strategy because they know that the images are very attractive to consumers. It will be corroborated that, in the Instagram profiles of the Iberian Ham brands, images that allude to emotions predominate and, in addition, that there is a greater link between the brand and the consumer when the images connect through intangible values and not rational ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research study is to develop a mobile application that measures coffee bean moisture by using image processing, supervised learning, and computer imaging. Coffee beans must have moisture content between 10% and 12% to certify their quality. An image database is built, imaging protocols are defined, and an algorithm is developed and integrated into a mobile application that coffee growers can use. Testing and sampling is conducted using mid to lower end cell phones. The software is validated both in the laboratory and in the field, proving to be 99% efficient. The digital image app's acceptability is over 80% among coffee growers. It is concluded that machine learning processes can be adapted to solve coffee farming and agroindustry challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the new Ingenuity TF model PET / CT system installed at cedt-CIMEQ, based on the implementation of latest international standards. Measurements were made following NEMA NU2-2012 and manufacturer's indications. The tests carried out were: energy resolution; timing resolution; spatial resolution; sensitivity; scatter fraction, counts loss, and random measurements; relative count rate error and image quality. The estimated energy and timing resolutions were 55,3 keV and 529 ps respectively. The results showed an average spatial resolution of 5.17 mm and an average absolute sensitivity of 8,26 cps / kBq. The maximum NECR peak was 119,09 kcps at 20,65 kBq / mL, while the maximum of the true count rates was 361,43 kcps at the concentration of 31,78 kBq / mL. Scatter fraction at NECR peak was 35,2% and relative error of accuracy of corrections had a maximum value of 9%. In the images obtained in the image quality test, all spheres were observed and no artifacts were found. The PET / CT Ingenuity TF System installed at cedt-CIMEQ shows physical performance similar or higher to other last generation scanners for all the parameters determined with the NEMA NU2-2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new Education Law promotes equality between men and women and affective-sexual diversity (Ley Orgánica 3/2020). This article analyses a representative sample of the most popular EFL* textbooks used in Spanish secondary schools in the last years in order to discover explicit representation of the LGBTIQ+ community. The results show pervasive silence about these people, as well as numerous hidden messages when (mis)representing women. Significant images from the original sample are analysed according to visual grammar (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2006), which allows the author to suggest broadening the concept of gender hidden curriculum (Lovering & Sierra, 1998), naming it cisheterosexist hidden curriculum instead, thus including compulsory heterosexuality (Rich, 1996), too. The data shed light on the urgent need for publishers to update their school resources, not only to abide by the current legislation but, first and foremost, to achieve truer and fairer representation of diverse human realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technique called SCAMPER is still one of the most used, both in advertising and in teaching, for the development and creation of ideas and creative images. Its name is an acronym that refers to six techniques: substitute, combine, adjust, modify, put to other uses, eliminate & reverse. This article proposes to simplify the processes formulated in this technique, reducing them to four processes, and for thest udy developed in this article, award-winning graphic advertisements at Advertising Creativity Festivals. Finally, the article also develops a classification of these techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leader article of Pre-Modern "Pop Cultures"? Images and Objects Around the Mediterranean (350-1918 CE). The aim of this monography is to analyze, from the most significant images and objects, to the traditions that have accompanied us to this day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the presence of animals in Quevedo's Buscón in four ways: animal onomastics; animalistic metaphors and comparisons; animals as characters; and animal theatricality. The analysis shows that animals in the novel work as a mirror that reveals the characters' real selves. Animals as characters, alluded animals and animals as tropes in Quevedo's Buscón signify lack of control, basic instincts, as well as immoral or improper human actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brand is an intangible asset for companies and they are aware that they have built them based on emotions, satisfying the aspirations of consumers. And the Guijuelo Iberian Ham brands have Instagram profiles as a strategy because they know that the images are very attractive to consumers. It will be corroborated that, in the Instagram profiles of the Iberian Ham brands, images that allude to emotions predominate and, in addition, that there is a greater link between the brand and the consumer when the images connect through intangible values and not rational ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Images have played a key role in the perception, experience and management of the Covid-19's pandemics. Since the beginning of the crisis, we have seen (and made) images of very different nature. Everyone has seen dozens of photographs of hospitals, empty streets or people interacting with masks. But Covid-19 has also left us "scientific" images (such as the representation of the virus), "coercive" images (such as those regulating interpersonal safety distance), or "funny" images (such as some memes). In this text I present an anthropological approach to images in times of Covid-19 based on the concept of "relationship". This concept refers both to the relationships that the images maintain with each other and to the relationships that we establish with and through them. I also emphasize the importance of thinking about those aspects of reality that the images have not shown us (and that will never show) and I argue that that part of the strength of the image lies precisely in its capacity to evoke what cannot be directly represented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the thoughtful comments of my colleagues, I argue that externalism is not an inferentialism, that color is a dimension (and therefore that to ascribe a color concept is to perform a kind of measurement), and that we determine the logical form of propositions expressed pictorially in the same way that we do with propositions expressed in natural language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work addresses the problem related to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV or DRONE) in Agriculture. The use of drones in conjunction with other technologies for the study of crops is becoming more and more frequent, based on the complexity of natural systems for their study, since in most cases we must carry out monitoring, sampling, monitoring, etc., which are very complicated or high risk and this technique allows a quick and quality assessment and decision making. Since the nineteenth century, when its use for military purposes for remote surveillance began, until today, the growth of these devices or unmanned units has been originating as a powerful technology also developed in the civil sector, specifically in the field of precision agriculture. Following these scientific and technological advances, in the last decade, farmers began using them to monitor their fields, as well as to aid precision agriculture programs. There are estimates that 80-90% of the drone market in the next decade will be used in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the curricular conceptions of three images that occupy a central place in school culture. The images are comic strips created by the illustrator Alexandre Beck, starring by the character Armandinho, which are central here, as the production of speeches about the school curriculum is discussed and analyzed. In this way, the strips in this text are triggered by the concept of cultural pedagogies, which educate, forge and question curricular concepts. The analysis is based on the curricular organization through disciplines and the selected and excluded content from school curricula is questioned. Finally, curriculum school policies are considered from a market perspective and the curriculum is defended as a cultural practice that is in constant motion, valuing differences and diversities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a case study of the exchanges and relationships that arose from the circulation of images in the Arhuaco community of Kutunzama in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. The circulation of photographs, which show the present and past history of the Arhuaco people, led to an exchange between the mamos, the community and myself --as ethnographer--. The purpose of this text is to show how the circulation of these photographs can be understood as a gift in a process of redistribution based on the evocative, material and sensual capacities of the images. This article consists of an ethnographic approach, developed between 2017 and 2019, on the basis which the community's forms of organization and kinship are understood via the elicitation of photographs and films, interviews and participant observation. This circulation also made it possible to activate narratives of the recent history of the village, related to the settlement and the context of territorial disputes in the area. Ethnographic photography allowed us to approach notions of time and space, and to broaden the Arhuaco notion of makruma. Rather than conceiving of this notion as a gift, it is understood as a process of redistribution in which the given object possesses the characteristics of the person who gives it and the return of the object (in this case the images) becomes a way of settling a spiritual debt. The text shows the image as a means of interaction, a means of encounter, a place of circulation and sensory experience. It approaches the image as a multisensory object and the photograph not only as a representational object, but also as one that traces social relations based on the indigenous notion of makruma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to discuss about povertyphilia (pobrezafilia), that is to say, the sensualized photographic exhibition of women in poor housing in Latin America. In these images, the setting that shows the lower social class of its protagonists is even more important than the bodies of these young women. To carry out the analysis, various images that appeared on the internet under this descriptor were studied, as well as other documents that have served to contextualize part of the antecedents related to the production of desire for this type of erotic images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellular differentiation is a highly regulated process that has vast implications for the mechanics of the cell. The interplay between differentiation induced cytoskeletal mechanical changes and strain on the nucleus is a potential cause of gene level changes. This study explores mechanical changes in SH-SY5Y neural cells during differentiation mediated by Retinoic Acid (RA) across Days 0 through 9. Findings suggest that cellular elongation increases 1.92-fold over a 10-day differentiation period, from 48.97 ±16.85mm to 93.96 ± 31.20 mm over 3 repeated trials and across multiple cells analyzed on ImageJ. Nuclear elongation increases less substantially from 17.51 ± 2.71 mm to 23.26 ± 3.10 mm over 3 repeated trials and across multiple cells. Results are statistically significant at a significance level of a = 0.05. This study is one of the first studies to show that during the process of RA mediated neural differentiation in SH-SY5Y neural cells, nuclear elongation is initially not significantly correlated with cellular elongation, but it becomes correlated during the differentiation process with an overall correlation coefficient of 0.4498 at a significance level of a = 0.05. Given the time course of the mechanical changes and the known coupling between the cytoskeleton and nuclear lamina, this study suggests a causative and correlative relationship between neurite-driven cellular elongation and nuclear elongation during neural differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemics are considered paradigmatic states of emergency and humanitarian scenarios. Thus, humanitarian conceptualizations are negotiable through the very practices appearing in this type of emergency. This paper aims to investigate this process in relation to the 2014 Ebola outbreak, an event that is considered a global threat and an intolerable humanitarian situation. We analyze how the definition of what can be understood (or not) as humanity was constructed through visual representations produced by social media. We will also discuss how the definition of humanity was negotiated through dimensions such as the spectrum of visibility, the distribution of agencies, the affections intended to provoke, and the imaginaries defined. This paper is based on an empirical semiotic analysis of hundreds of images from the 2014 Ebola epidemic and 15 focus groups and individual interviews, performed over a span of one year, discussing images from social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a web site of a database that allows the consultation of over 32,000 images related to the native vegetation and flora of Argentina. The images illustrate habitat, habit and morphological details of over 2,250 species, and it relates 8,000 common names with 4,187 scientific names of the Argentina flora. Most of the images are related to reference specimens deposited in the Herbarium "Arturo E. Ragonese" (SF). The database allows various search criteria: by scientific name, common name and ecoregion, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the processes of politicization of the youth body, as well as the symbolizations and incidences of images in the field of cultural policies in Chile during a turbulent historical moment: 1968-1973 - moments before the Popular Unity and until the coup in Chile. This is a period in which both the cultural industry and the discussion in society itself incorporate topics and images into their respective agendas with a different representation of the youth body: their undressed body. In this way, during this period, youth nudity was positioned as a topic that broke into the cultural and media sphere - cinema, magazines and music: a sort of "uncover" that did not manage to position itself but fleetingly. In the light of a genealogy of the youth, different pieces of the visual culture of the period were analyzed to understand its emergence, circulation and effects on society, and thus account for some strategies for making ideas and images of youth in Chile during this period of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of teenage pregnancies has become a public health problem and is the order of the day in national and international politics. With a theoretical background of two different images of the adolescent pregnancy, and the concepts of autonomy and responsibility, a research was done about the attribution of responsibility for teenage pregnancies in a population of 22 students from a school in Barranquilla, Colombia. The interviews allowed inferring that the majority of young people transfer responsibility to parents and teachers, an issue that calls into question the type of education received by those youngsters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strongly inspired by the mysterious exercise of recording, protecting, and revealing the images in Luis Poirot's photographic archive, this article experiments with a mode of ethnographic writing that, rather than trying to convince the reader about the correctness of its conceptual propositions, it simply suggests certain secrets of light. These are images appearing in multiple temporalities as vivid evidence of the presence of absences. Attempting to avoid the sterilization of 'lived experience' and its multiple temporalities, often produced by the anthropological discipline itself, this article imagines an exposed anthropology. Rather than being interested in the creation and analysis of concepts, this exposed anthropology focuses on opening up suggestive spaces of coexistence with the presence of absence. Thus, it offers singular evidence of the encounter of worlds occurring beyond concepts. In particular, this work gives an account of how Poirot's photographic archive, and the present absences that inhabit his images affect, resonate and even incorporate the ethnographic writing itself within the same living archive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two studies examined whether and how the bimodal presentation of quantitative information impacts on preschoolers' comprehension and use of cardinal values from 1 to 6. A correlational-causal cross-sectional design was used, with a convenience sample comprising 108 3- and 4-year-old children from four private kindergartens located in central Rosario, Argentina. Children of both age groups solved the Give-a-Number task, in Study 1 with number words and in Study 2 with sets of objects and pictures (iterative unimodal condition), as well as with objects and pictures combined with number words (bimodal condition). Non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis test, U Mann-Whitney test, Chi Square test, Wilcoxon rank test) showed that bimodal modes, in comparison with the unimodal ones, increased the size of the sets that the participants were able to build from 2 to 4 at age 3 and from 3 to 6 at age 4. When presenting and expressing quantitative information, semiotic modality is a key factor for preschoolers to solve problems involving numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of imagery use by the professional football players in Turkey on their self-confidence levels. The study group comprised of 423 professional football players from 24 football clubs from different leagues in 2016-2017 season, Turkey. As data collection tools, in addition to the personal information form, "Sports Imagery Questionnaire" developed by Hall et al. (1998), adapted to Turkish by Vurgun (2010) and "Self-Confidence Scale" developed by Akın (2007) were used. Results showed a positive correlation between internal and external self-confidence and all sub-scales of imagery in the professional football players. Moreover, the cognitive general imagery, cognitive specific imagery, and motivational specific imagery predicted 21.4% of the internal self-confidence. Similarly, the cognitive general imagery and motivational specific imagery predicted 17.7% of external self-confidence for the professional football players. Finally, it was determined that the professional football players' self-confidence levels will increase as the level of imagery use increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sylvia Plath is generally distinguished as a confessional poet, since her literary writings represent an actual dramatization of her own experiences with her family members. She skillfully embodies her personal tragedy as basis for symbolic poetic imagination, promoting her own life into poetic language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify the interests and orientations of studies on visual representations and the production of childhood images through cultural objects, with special emphasis on photography, which have become sources of information in the fields of history, cultural studies and education. Methodology: a qualitative documentary review, that focusses on the studies of society and culture of Latin America and Spain during the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries, with some allusions to works located in the pre-Hispanic world. Results: childhood was found to be a matter of interdisciplinary interest, for example, for health sciences, especially neurology, pediatrics, epidemiology. There were also found works on childhood from the human sciences, social sciences, education and the arts; In the last four areas of knowledge, in addition to a marked interest of studies in the perception of images of boys and girls, there is a preoccupation with children's representations in education through images. Conclusions: from a balance of the results of the studies addressed, opportunities for research on the social construction of children in education with visual sources are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To map areas of discussion about use of seclusion and restraint in healthcare, as expressed in motifs posted on Twitter. Materials and method: We adopted a qualitative approach with an archival and cross-sectional observational design. 188 images from Twitter postings were analyzed. Results: Five categories were identified: Informative and educational messages; Equipment as artifacts; Spatiality; The restrained subjects; Sociopolitical connotations of restraint. Conclusions: Based on our results we conclude that Twitter included several aspects; the intention to educate others, show the spatiality in relation to restraint, imagining characterized by objects and persons, and a sociopolitical connotation. This in turn means that Twitter posts offer nurses a chance to engage in social marketing and connoting an ethical dimension to a person associated with measures used to exert power over others. This is because communication surrounding certain controversial issues in healthcare is free from hierarchies on Twitter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The content analysis method is an essential tool to identify the various ideological positions of publishing houses as regards the manifest and latent content in their textbooks. In this paper, this method is described and used in order to inquire about the links between the hidden curriculum as a gender device (Da Silva, 1995, 2001a, 2001b) and the reproduction and/or possible transformations, total or partial, of the roles historically assigned to gender based on the "biological" sex in the images in primary level English coursebooks made in Argentina. The results show that, despite the legal progress in gender and sexuality made between 2006 and 2012, the occupations of women presented in the images do not tend to multiply and diversify, nor do they accompany the professionalization of women. The images still show women in traditional and predominant roles, this reflecting a social reality that would persist almost immutable. However, certain categories analyzed reflect a greater equality between men and women; others show relative equality; while others suggest inequality in its omission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the use of documentary photography in the photographic project of the Farm Security Administration (FSA) Historical Section carried out between 1935 and 1943. It was part of the propaganda program of Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration during the New Deal and responded to the social and economic crisis caused by the Great Depression. The main objective is to delve into the discussion about a kind of aesthetic point of view that is crystallized in a dramatic humanism and supported by a pictorial historical archive structure. Contradictorily, throughout the 20th century, this became the parameter for the prevailing definition of documentary, despite its nationalist-populist political and ideological origin. Building on a relational analysis, documentary photography is studied as a category, social practice and knowledge device that conveys a specific vision and social representation within a complex arrangement of particular economic, political and cultural components. A qualitative documentary method is employed based on primary sources, including an aesthetic and discursive relational analysis of the program's photographs. The article reveals --and this revelation is what makes it novel-- the weave of definitions of documentary that had to be developed and brought together, combining factual, dramatic and artistic elements, around the idea of a pictorial history whose humanistic promise would restore the social ties of American unity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through this contribution we intend to develop a case study that challenges the field of serial audiovisual productions in Argentina in 2010. We will relate the audiovisual device that gives rise to practices of freedom as well as shifts of subjectivities through the visibility of practices of difference. The documentary series Nosotros, campesinos (El calefón cine, 2010), invites us to reflect on the role played by subjectivities and their agency in the distribution of otherness positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This graphic research aims to document, analyze, and reconstruct the disappeared Gate of Triana in Seville. In order to do so, data from the gate historical context and authorship and images from the 16th to 19th centuries (city views, plans, and photographs), reflecting its architectonic characteristics and privileged setting, are compiled and inspected. For the virtual reconstruction some metric data from archaeological remains were used, analyzing the architectural composition, examining architecture treaties from that period, and 19thphotographs that contribute with reliable details. The aim is to highlight the importance of these images in order to reveal an urban architectural work of great heritage value that unfortunately disappeared in the 19th century, and now is recovered through the graphic arts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the fact that, in Brazil, teaching is a profession followed mostly by women, a lack of knowledge in feminist and gender studies among them is actually perceptible. This may have repercussions in the classroom, since textbooks often present stereotypical gender representations, which can influence on the construction of female students' identities. In this paper, we verify how women are portrayed and what their representativeness is in the images found in the Portuguese and Foreign Language textbooks chosen for Youth and Adult Education (in Portuguese, EJA) by the municipal school network of Pelotas. Our aim is to provide an example of how teachers can do this critical observation, as well as some basis for work in the classroom seeking to deconstruct stereotypical representations, the invisibility and discredit of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conservation psychology is an emerging field, with few studies examining the role of advertising imagery on environmental attitudes and behaviours. This study aimed to expand the knowledge in this field, by examining how different types of imagery affect pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours. Undergraduate psychology students from Macquarie University (N = 124) were assigned to one of three brochure groups. These brochure groups consisted of a hard copy brochure which contained either positive, negative or no images which participants read at the start of the study. Participants' pro-environmental attitudes were then assessed using the New Ecological Paradigm, and behaviour through a hypothetical scenario in which respondents were asked to proportion $100 across three charity options or retain the money. It was found that positive imagery increased pro-environmental attitudes, over and above both the control (neutral) and negative images. In contrast, imagery did not affect pro-environmental behaviours. These findings suggest that positive images are most likely to elicit positive change in pro-environmental attitudes. However, these findings suggest that imagery in advertising does not impact pro-environmental behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]