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Moments narrates the changes that have taken place over a span of four years, nine months, and four days in the life of a woman known as Mummy Ayesha who lives in Challenge, a neighborhood in Ibadan SouthWest Local Government Area. The experiences of Mummy Ayesha are drawn from Genurb (Urbanization, Gender & the Global South) Ibadan City Research Team data. Moments showcases the danger of a single story about poverty, illustrates the temporal and spatial dimensions of socio-economic inequalities, and offers insight on the city's role in providing opportunities as well as bearing witness to one's despair. Most especially, Mummy Ayesha's story illuminates the intricate relationship between future orientations, relationality, care and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows how extreme socioeconomic inequality and the criminalisation of the poor constitute a threat to the guarantee of peace in Colombia. The study analyses the factors that lead to and sustained the boom in so called 'false positives' in Colombia. These are conformed of a series of extrajudicial executions carried out against people in poor economic circumstances, particularly those belonging to marginalised sectors of society. The victims of the false positives were assassinated by members of the armed forces, in many cases in collaboration with illegal groups, and the murdered people were presented as members of illegal armed groups who were legally shot down in combat. These crimes were committed during the period between 2002 and 2008, and at least 3000 executions have been registered. The practice of false positives constitutes one of the most atrocious crimes committed by a state in the 21st century, with flagrant attempts to achieve impunity for those responsible, while their victims are still fighting for justice and clarity. For this reason, this paper sustains that it is necessary to confront the extreme socioeconomic inequality and cultural imaginary that surround people effected by poverty in Colombia. Effectively, extreme inequality and its social representations have legitimised the dehumanisation of the country's most oppressed groups, and have contributed to the denial of, and even justify, the crimes committed against them. This facilitates the conditions that allow these crimes to occur and be granted impunity. Until responsibility is taken for these aspects. The most vulnerable will continue to be victimised and the construction of peace will not transcend those who are part of the privileged elite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To assess the association between type 2 diabetes (DM2) and socioeconomic inequalities, mediated by the contribution of body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), and diet (diet-DII). Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data of adults participating in the Diabetes Mellitus Survey of Mexico City. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics as well as height and weight, dietary intake, leisure time activity and the presence of DM2 were measured. We fitted a structural equation model (SEM) with DM2 as the main outcome, and BMI, diet-DII and PA served as mediator variables between socioeconomic inequalities index (SII) and DM2. Results. The prevalence of DM2 was 13.6%. From the fitted SEM, each standard deviation increases in the SII was associated with increased scores of DM2 (ß=0.174, P<0.001). Conclusion. The results in the present study show how high scores in the index of SII may influence the presence of DM2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adequate orientation of public spending in order to constant preservation of population life conditions, contribute to mitigate socioeconomic inequalities in territorials. That issue becomes more due the promotion of local equilibrated distribution in order to reduce inequalities gap. In Ecuador, the orientation is sustained in Adequate orientation of public spending in order to constant preservation of population life conditions, contribute to mitigate socioeconomic inequalities in territorials. That issue becomes more due the promotion of local equilibrated distribution in order to reduce inequalities gap. In Ecuador, the orientation is sustained in dissatisfaction basic needs index, which limits the distribution objectivity. This paper shows one instrument designed to determine those gaps as complement of public spending orientation in Los Ríos Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the mobilisations of the socalled Arab Spring, in which the young were the main players, the current political situation in the region remains unfavourable to the participation of youth in institutional politics. The young seem uninterested in politics, are reluctant to vote in elections and distrust the political parties; in general they practice other forms of less visible and more informal participation. This article - based on the results of the SAHWA project - examines the attitudes of the Arab Mediterranean youth to participation and political engagement in the public sphere, as well as their perceptions of the opportunities and obstacles that influence their futures and those of their countries. To do this, the characteristic features of this generation are addressed along with the importance of the social differences and inequalities within it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This topic should be viewed in the context of a few theoretical considerations on local and territorial development. This work will then look at the conclusions of some recent specialized contributions to the study of instability and disparities in Mexico and apply these to the focus of this paper. Studying Yucatan sheds light on the enormous limits and extreme inequalities of development in Mexico and its winding road to growth. Yucatan reflects how Mexico is lagging in employment and education, as well as the extent to which people are leaving rural areas, leading to greater urban concentration. In addition, it provides evidence of an increase in outsourcing, the decline of the maquiladora industry and the departure of local capital from its weak manufacturing sector. This work concludes with a broad critique of this type of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of an investigation about the residential segregation in the cities of Porto Alegre /RS/Brazil and Córdoba/CO/Argentina, pointing the differences and similarities of this phenomenon, regarding the concept of the dual city. The analysis privileges the aspects that allow the comparison of the cities, considering their respective social characteristics. Taking the multidimensional conception of space, the variables of Demographic Censuses of Brazil (1991-2000) and Argentina (1991-2001) were used to construct some indicators that permit the evaluation of social differentiation in the cities. These indicators were submitted to factorial analysis and "cluster" techniques, whose results allowed the definition of the space-structuring patterns of Porto Alegre and Cordoba. In the conclusion the text shows a high level of similarities as well as the nonexistence of contrasts related to the impacts of globalization. It also shows that the urban expansion in both cities follows the lineaments of other Latin American cities, with a tendency towards social inequality between the two poles of urban population, in the last years. Such an inequality is not dual, but it presents itself in a fragmented form, with a diversification of the social structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last 30 years, trends such as service sector growth, welfare state expansion and rising female participation rates have promoted increasing heterogeneity within the occupational system. Accordingly, this article argues that the class map has to be redrawn in order to grasp these changes in the employment structure. For that purpose, it develops the bases of a new class schema that partly shifts its focus from hierarchical divisions to horizontal cleavages. The middle class is not conceptualized as a unitary grouping and the manual/non-manual divide is not used as a decisive class boundary. Instead, emphasis is put on differences in marketable skills and the work logic. The schema is expected to more accurately reflect the class location of unskilled service employees and to make visible the political divide within the salaried middle class. This expectation is empirically examined with survey data from Britain, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. Findings for earnings and promotion prospects indicate that the schema successfully captures the hierarchical dimension in the class structure. Moreover, results for party support and union membership suggest that the schema grasps a salient horizontal cleavage between managers and sociocultural professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]