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In our previous study, we found that cassava cyanogenic glycosides had an acute health risk. Therefore, to solve this problem, the improvement of specific degradation of cyanogenic glycosides of cassava linamarase during processing is the key. In this study, the catalytic activity and thermal stability of enzymes were screened before investigating the degradation efficiency of cyanogenic glycosides with a cassava linamarase mutant K263P-T53F-S366R-V335C-F339C (CASmut) -controlled technique. The CASmut was obtained with the optimum temperature of 45 °C, which was improved by 10 °C. The specific activity of CASmut was 85.1 ± 4.6 U/mg, which was 2.02 times higher than that of the wild type. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis and flexible docking showed there were more hydrogen bonding interactions at the pocket, and the aliphatic glycoside of the linamarin was partially surrounded by hydrophobic residues. The optimum conditions of degradation reactions was screened with CASmut addition of 47 mg/L at 45 °C, pH 6.0. The CASmut combined with ultrasonication improved the degradation from 478.2 ± 10.4 mg/kg to 86.7 ± 7.4 mg/kg. Those results indicating the great potential of CASmut in applying in the cassava food or cyanogenic food. However, challenges in terms of the catalytic mechanism research is worthy of being noticed in further studies. • The CASmut was screened innovatively by disulfide bond and hotspots identification. • The thermal stability of CASmut was improved by 10 °C. • The specific activity of CASmut was enhanced 2.02 times. • More hydrogen bonding interactions with linamarin was found in CASmut. • CASmut had obvious advantages of improving the degradation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel multi-function saturated-core fault current limiter (MFCL) with two operating modes is proposed in this paper. MFCL can achieve fault current limitation and power flow management by switching operating mode: current-limiting mode and power-flow-controlling mode, which realizes technology convergence. The MFCL consists of an iron core with rotatable magnetic valve, ac coils, dc coils, and a fault-limiting reactor. The operating principle of the MFCL and the design of the rotatable magnetic valve are analyzed in this paper. The finite-element analysis (FEA) model based on Maxwell is used to analyze the MFCL. Simulation results depict that the MFCL can limit fault current effectively and provide variable impedance for power flow controlling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The saturated-core fault current limiter (SFCL) is an effective device for limiting fault current. This paper proposes and analyzes a novel bridge-type SFCL (BSFCL) that uses a permanent magnet (PM) to reduce dc bias while improving the stability of the PM. The bridge structure in the BSFCL consists of four coils and a fault-limiting reactor which is used to limit fault current. The ac and the dc share coils to help reduce energy loss. The iron core uses air-gap branches to offer paths for ac flux, which reduces eddy current in the PMs and enhances their stability. The operating principle and characteristics of the BSFCL were analyzed using the electromagnetic coupling method. To investigate the effects of parameters on the performance of the BSFCL, various finite-element analysis simulations were performed by Maxwell. Experimental results of a 220 V prototype verify the effectiveness of the BSFCL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of fault current limiter is an effective method to limit fault current. The saturated-core fault current limiter (SFCL) is one of the promising devices. However, its commercialization is limited by the high demands for the ferromagnetic material and the dc source generating magneto motive force. This paper proposes a novel three-phase compact SFCL (CSFCL) in which a common core and a permanent magnet are used to solve the mentioned challenges. The common core can significantly reduce the amount of required ferromagnetic material. The basic operating principle of CSFCL is introduced based on the analysis of the CSFCL’s magnetic circuit and equivalent electrical circuit. Finite-element analysis (FEA) simulations were performed by ANSOFT to validate the effectiveness of the CSFCL’s fault clipping performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The saturated core fault current limiter (SFCL) is one of the most effective methods for limiting fault current. A permanent magnet (PM)-biased SFCL (PFCL) can reduce dc bias current and additional energy consumption. However, the thermal stability of NdFeB PMs in PFCL poses a major challenge. This paper proposes a novel hybrid-type SFCL (HSFCL) topology that can reduce this risk. In the HSFCL, a hybrid PM/dc coil is designed to saturate the core, and a fault-limiting reactor is used to guarantee fault-clipping performance. The new structure provides air-gap branches for the time-varying magnetic field produced by alternating current, which reduces the eddy current in the PMs and enhances their stability. Electromagnetic coupling is used to analyze the operating principles and characteristics of HSFCL. Finite-element analysis simulations were performed using Maxwell and compared with verification experiments, proving that HSFCL is efficient in fault clipping and PM reliability enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eddy-current loss of NdFeB permanent magnets (PMs) is widely analyzed in PM motors. This paper proposes a coupled 2-D transient finite-element analysis (FEA) of the saturated core fault current limiter (SCFCL) and 3-D analytical model of PMs to evaluate eddy-current loss in SCFCL. The comparison between the result from coupled method and that from 3-D FEA verifies the applicability of the coupled method in analyzing eddy current loss of PMs in SCFCL. The 3-D analytical model of PM is applied to analyze the effect of segmentation on the reduction of PM’s eddy-current loss. And the results show that segmentation along width has a better performance, which is also verified by 3-D FEA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study applied ferulic acid, sinapic acid, and p -coumaric acid to synthesise esters with cassava starch and investigated their digestibility, GI and starch structure alterations. Starch after esterification contained less rapidly digestible starch (as low as 44.59%) and more resistant starch. Sinapic acid starch ester (SASE) had the lowest hydrolysis rate, which was 61.04% in this study. The GI of ferulic acid, p -coumaric acid, and sinapic acid starch esters were 53.5, 58.4, and 47.1, respectively. They were all significantly decreased compared with native cassava starch (81.5) (P < 0.05). The steric hindrance of phenolic acid moiety and increased hydrophobicity led to the reduced digestibility of starch esters. All these results indicated that phenolic acid starch esters could help to reduce postprandial blood glucose spikes, and therefore became a potential tool for diabetes management. [Display omitted] ∙ Cassava starch esterified with phenolic acids resist in vitro enzymatic digestion. ∙Glycaemic index of phenolic acid starch esters are lower than native starch. ∙The particle size negatively correlates to the in vitro digestibility. ∙Esterification resulted in the steric hindrance to α-amylase and α-glucosidase. ∙Sinapic acid starch ester is promising as low glycaemic index food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • 10 min of ultrasonic pretreatment (UPT) enhanced cassava cyanide elimination. • Soaking for 4 h only removed negligible cyanogenic glycosides (3%) • The degradation patterns of cyanogenic glycosides and HCN were different. • UPT enhanced cyanogenic β-glucosidase activity in cassava juice. • The increased disordered structure of enzyme was observed after sonication. Traditional soaking method takes days to remove cassava cyanide. Ten minutes of ultrasonic pretreatment (UPT) was found to be a new effective method to eliminate both cyanogenic glycosides and hydrogen cyanide in cassava. Here, the parameters of UPT were optimized and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. 40.36% and 24.95% of hydrogen cyanide and cyanogenic glycosides in cassava juice were eliminated under 10 min of UPT (45℃, 81 W). UPT before boiling enhanced the total cyanide elimination to 41.94%. The degradation patterns of hydrogen cyanide and cyanogenic glycosides were different. Ultrasound directly eliminated hydrogen cyanide and indirectly degraded cyanogenic glycosides through promoting enzymatic hydrolysis. The β-glucosidase activity was increased by 17.99% induced by ultrasound. This was supported by the movement of hydrophobic residual and the rearrangement of the secondary structure of the molecular as found in fluorescence, CD, FTIR, DSC and TG analysis. This study revealed that UPT acted as a fast and simple technical way in improving cassava safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Cassava juice showed high levels of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) • A significant difference of CNGs among cultivars was found. • Dietary intake of cyanide not posing chronic risk to Chinese consumers but acute risk. • The MRL of CNGs was proposed as 200 mg/kg in cassava. • Cyanide risk assessment should be based on CNGs quantification rather than CN– The intake of cassava would probably induce adverse health effects since there are toxic cyanide in cassava. However, the risk assessment of cassava consumption has not been reported in China. Therefore, this paper aimed to evaluate the dietary risks of cassava cyanide and proposed a maximum residue limit (MRL) for cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in cassava. The retention rate of CNGs and CN– were 61% and 11% after boiling, respectively. The acute dietary exposure of CN– and CNGs were 0.6-fold and 1.7-fold of acute risk reference dose, respectively. There was no chronic health risk across all populations concerning cassava consumption. The MRL of CNGs was proposed as 200 mg/kg in cassava. Risk assessment of cyanide for foods rich in CNGs was suggested to be based on CNGs quantification rather than that of CN–. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Method for simultaneous quantification of eight cyanogenic glucosides was established. • Validation of the method according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. • Analysis of cyanogenic glucosides and hydrocyanic acid in typical cyanogenic agri-food. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) method was established and validated for the simultaneous quantification of eight cyanogenic glucosides (CNGs) in agri-food. The eight CNGs were linamarin, lotaustralin, linustatin, neolinustatin, taxiphyllin, amygdalin, dhurrin and prunasin. CNGs were extracted with aqueous methanol and cleaned via solid-phase extraction. Analytes were separated with a C 18 column via gradient elution. MS/MS analysis was performed with electrospray ionisation in positive mode. Quantification was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Satisfactory validation results were obtained in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy, matrix effect and stability. The method was applied in typical cyanogenic agri-food. CNGs in cassava, linseed, bamboo, sorghum, apricot, almond and lima bean were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to protect high voltage direct current (HVDC) system from destructive consequences caused by fault current, a novel concept of HVDC system fault current limiter (DCSFCL) was proposed previously. Since DCSFCL is based on saturable core reactor theory, iron core becomes the key to the final performance of it. Therefore, three typical kinds of soft magnetic materials were chosen to find out their impact on performances of DCSFCL. Different characteristics of materials were compared and their theoretical deductions were carried out, too. In the meanwhile, 3D models applying those three materials were built separately and finite element analysis simulations were performed to compare these results and further verify the assumptions. It turns out that materials with large saturation flux density value Bs like silicon steel and short demagnetization time like ferrite might be the best choice for DCSFCL, which can be a future research direction of magnetic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, balanced diet and healthy foods are attracting increasing attention due to their great health-beneficial effects. The tuber of Dioscorea (yam) is both edible and medicinal, as it contains various functional compounds with multiple pharmacological activities and disease targets. Moreover, yam tuber can serve as a vegetable or staple food due to its high starch content. Therefore, exploring the functional activities of yam tuber and its application in food and medicine industries is significant. This review comprehensively summarizes the characteristics and application of yam tuber, as well as the findings about its primary nutrients, distinct functional components, extraction technologies, detection methods and biological activities, and provides some new prospects for further investigation. Besides, the development and comprehensive utilization of yam tuber products are elucidated. Finally, some future research directions for better utilization of yam tubers are suggested. The Dioscorea genus is distributed worldwide with a wide variety of species. Yam tuber is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as starch, protein, non-starch polysaccharides, steroid saponin, allantoin, and phenolic compounds. The most important health benefits include antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, gastrointestinal protection, gut microbiota regulation, cardiac diseases treatment, hypoglycemic activity, anti-tumor activity, and estrogen-like effect. We also summarize the applications of yam tuber in foods and medicine. Finally, the review indicates that better utilization of yam tuber is hindered by poor variety protection, limited research on its pharmacological activities, browning phenomenon, and some safety concerns. [Display omitted] • Yam is both a crop and a medicinal plant with many applications • Yam tuber is a good source of high-quality starch. • Their active compounds mainly include polysaccharide, allantoin, dioscin, polyphenols, etc. • Yam tuber possess many beneficial effects and has great potential to be used in functional foods and medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reduced postprandial blood glucose levels are beneficial for chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, cooking native starches make them easily digestible, leading to a high peak of postprandial blood glucose level. Starch modification is widely used in reducing starch digestibility. Dietary phenolics, such as polyphenols and phenolic acids, have been reported to possess antidiabetic and anti-obesity activities. The interactions between starch and phenolics have been gradually revealed. Thus, using phenolics to modify starch and improve the quality of native starches has become increasingly popular. In this review, the different methods used in starch modification with phenolics were investigated. Changes in the properties of starch structure and digestibility were also discussed. The glycaemic control effect and its mechanisms were proposed. Possible future research focusing on the improvement of the modification methods and the understanding of the health benefits of modified starch was suggested. Physical, chemical and enzymatic modification methods have been used in starch modification with phenolics. Physical modification methods, including pre-gelatinisation and non-thermal food processing technologies are the most commonly used methods. Phenolics usually form starch-phenolic complexes in the modified starch. Chemical and enzymatic modification methods are used to synthesise phenolic starch esters. Modified starches were reported to have decreased digestibility and altered starch aggregation structure. Moreover, they possess a slight glycaemic control effect and more in-vivo studies are needed. The potential mechanisms of this effect include inhibition of starch digestion and glucose transport, promotion of insulin secretion and sensitivity, activation of AMPK and appetite control. [Display omitted] • Methods for starch modification with phenolics were evaluated. • Starch structure and digestibility were altered by the modification. • Modified starch showed slightly lowered glycaemic index and more data were needed. • Four possible mechanisms were proposed for the glycaemic control effect. • More types of starch, phenolics, and methods are required to be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel direct current system fault current limiter (DCSFCL) based on the principle of nonlinear magnetization was proposed to limit fast rising fault current of the dc system. Different materials were also tested to find the iron core material. However, the existing material is not able to obtain both two necessary indexes, namely, a large saturation point and fast demagnetization speed. Hence, the performance is not satisfactory using a single material. In order to obtain the best performance for the DCSFCL, mixed materials were applied to combine the advantages of different soft magnetic materials. Furthermore, magnetic valves were also added to the original DCSFCL topology, which is an effective method to optimize the clipping performance and reduce the usage of materials. The 2-D models were built and finite-element analyses were carried out to verify these assumptions. Compared with a traditional smoothing reactor, the proposed new model not only limits the fault current by 55.4%, but also reduces the usage of both magnetic material and permanent magnets by over 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To develop mechanical circuit breaker in high voltage direct current (HVDC) system, a fault current limiter is required. Traditional method to limit DC fault current is to use superconducting technology or power electronic devices, which is quite difficult to be brought to practical use under high voltage circumstances. In this paper, a novel concept of high voltage DC transmission system fault current limiter (DCSFCL) based on saturable core was proposed. In the DCSFCL, the permanent magnets (PM) are added on both up and down side of the core to generate reverse magnetic flux that offset the magnetic flux generated by DC current and make the DC winding present a variable inductance to the DC system. In normal state, DCSFCL works as a smoothing reactor and its inductance is within the scope of the design requirements. When a fault occurs, the inductance of DCSFCL rises immediately and limits the steepness of the fault current. Magnetic field simulations were carried out, showing that compared with conventional smoothing reactor, DCSFCL can decrease the high steepness of DC fault current by 17% in less than 10ms, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The permanent-magnet-biasing saturated core fault current limiter (PMFCL) is one of the most promising devices to limit the fault current. To improve the biasing ability of permanent-magnets (PMs) and reduce the cost of PMFCL, this paper proposes a novel compact permanent-magnet-biased fault current limiter (CPMFCL). The three-limb structure can reduce the size and cost; the optimal small-section structure can improve the biasing ability of PMs and reduce the usage amount of PMs. First, the principle, equivalent magnetic circuit, and small-section optimized structure are introduced. To validate the principle and performance of CPMFCL, various finite element analysis simulation and optimization study are performed in Maxwell-3D. A 220 V/10 A CPMFCL prototype is designed and tested. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that, compared with traditional PMFCLs, the CPMFCL has the advantages of smaller size, better biasing capacity of PMs, lower possibility of demagnetization, and excellent fault clipping performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to reveal the variation in 3D printing performance of whole flour and starch gels as derived from different varieties of tuber crops including cassava, potato, and yam, along with its mechanism. The whole flour of the same tuber crops showed a higher branching degree, average molecular weight (R ¯ h), and the proportion of AM chains for 100 < X ≤ 1000 than its starch. Due to the higher degree of branching, the crystallinity of whole flour reached a higher level. In this circumstance, G 2 ′ of the dispersion system decreased, which facilitated smooth extrusion of ink from the nozzle, thus improving the precision of printing for the final product. Besides, a higher R ¯ h and the percentage of AM chains for 100 < X ≤ 1000 made it easier for the material to extrude, thus enhancing the printing accuracy of the product. The higher short-range ordered structure of whole flour also enhanced the printing performance of 3D printed products. This research contributes an effective solution to the selection of starch and whole flour for food 3D printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This research reveals the correlation among protein secondary structure, strength of the interaction in phytosterol /WPI complex, and the digestion properties of phytosterol. • The content of β-turns in WPI secondary structure plays an important role in maintaining hydrogen bonds between PS and WPI. • High strength of the hydrogen bonds interaction could enhance phytosterol encapsulation efficiency. • The hydrogen bond strength between PS and WPI is positively correlated with PS release rate and bioaccessibility in significance. • This study presents useful information to prepare and optimize PS-protein complex structure in order to enhance PS absorption. Phytosterol (PS)/whey protein isolate (WPI) self-assembly complex was formed with different PS:WPI mass ratios (from 1:1 to 1:15) to reveal the relationship of interaction mechanism in PS/WPI complex, WPI secondary structure, and PS digestion properties. The sample with 1:5 mass ratio had the strongest hydrogen bonds and the largest encapsulation efficiency (EE). Circular dichroism analysis indicated that the mass ratio of PS/WPI complex had a vital effect on WPI secondary structure. The content of β-sheet increased with the increase in PS ratio, which, in turn, inhibited the release rate and bioaccessibility of PS. The β-turn of WPI was positively correlated with hydrogen bonds in the complex, thus playing a significant role in increasing EE, promoting PS release, and even further enhancing PS bioaccessibility in digestion simulation. These findings appeared to be promising for future applications in enhancing the bioaccessibility of phytosterol through specific structure in high-protein food systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work evaluated the potential mechanism of casein protein (CP) in enhancing the 3D printing performance of cassava starch (CS) gel in terms of the multi-scale structure of starch and gel properties. The addition of CP could increase the average molecular weight (− R h) of starch after thermal processing, which reduced the line width and increased the centre height of the 3D-printed product, despite the reduction of the structural recovery of the gel system. In addition, the increase in CS content caused a decrease in the short-range ordered structure of starch, resulting in a decline in relaxation time and an increase in free water content (A23), which in turn provided the gel system with a greater elastic modulus and ultimately increased the printing precision of 3D printed products. This study presented meaningful information for the application of 3D printing to starch-protein complex foods. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work evaluated the influence of starch molecular structure on the precision and textural properties of 3D printed products. Results showed that starch gels with higher content of short amylopectin (AP) chains for 13 < X ≤ 24, the degree of polymerization at peak maximum of amylose (AM) chains (X AM), and AM chains for 5000 < X ≤ 20000 facilitated the rheological properties of starch gels, which in turn promoted their smooth extrusion in the 3D printing process. Small average molecular size of whole starch (‾ R h) and the high proportion of amylose chains for 100 < X ≤ 1000 of starch which was related to water distribution of starch gels were beneficial to the accuracy of 3D printed products. The proportion of AP chains for 6 < X ≤ 24 and AM chains for 5000 < X ≤ 20000 had significant negative and positive correlations with the hardness and resilience of the 3D printed products, respectively. This study provides useful information for the application of 3D printing in starch-based food production. [Display omitted] • The relationship between molecular structure of starch and its 3D printed products was revealed. • ‾R h was negatively correlated with center height of products. • AM chains for 100 < X ≤ 1000 was positively correlated with center height of products. • X AM and AM chains for 5000 < X ≤ 20000 was positively correlated with the resilience of products. • This study presents useful information for 3D printing starchy food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel modification method for starch succinylation is proposed. • APPJ pretreatment could change the surface structure of native CS. • The DS of OSA–CS improved by 39.23% after CS pretreated by APPJ. • APPJ-OSA-CS exhibited better emulsion stability and emulsion activity. Cassava starch (CS) was pretreated with atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ), followed by esterification with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA). This study was the first report investigating the effect of APPJ on CS modification with OSA. Results showed that APPJ pretreatment could change the morphological characteristics and crystallinity of CS. Consequently, the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency significantly improved compared with the unpretreated CS (P < 0.05). In Confocal laser scanning microscopy, the fluorescence intensity of OSA-modified CS pretreated with APPJ for 10 min and 15 min was higher than those pretreated with APPJ for 1, 3, and 5 min. The onset temperature and enthalpy (Δ H) of native starch decreased after APPJ pretreatment and further decreased by OSA modification. APPJ–OSA–CS also showed better emulsion stability and emulsion activity. This study demonstrated that APPJ could be used as a novel approach to facilitate starch modification with OSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through experiments and numerical simulation, this paper studies the related performance of a photovoltaic thermoelectric radiation cooling window structure, verifies the accuracy of the established solar thermoelectric radiation window calculation model, and analyzes the cooling performance of different parameters of thermoelectric sheet, radiation plate, and photovoltaic panel. On the basis of considering the relationship between the power generation and power consumption of the structure, the numerical calculation results show that the solar thermoelectric radiation window with non-transparent photovoltaic module (NTPV) has a total cooling capacity of 50.2 kWh, power consumption of 71.8 kWh, and power generation of 83.9 kWh from June to August. The solar thermoelectric radiation window with translucent photovoltaic module (STPV) has a total cooling capacity of 50.7 kWh, power consumption of 71.7 kWh, and power generation of 45.4 kWh from June to August. If the operation time of the thermoelectric module is limited, when the daily operation time of TEM is less than 8 h, the power generation of STPV can meet the power consumption demand of the thermoelectric radiation window from June to August. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Phenolic acids intake of Chinese residents have been assessed for the first time. • 16 phenolic acids in 116 foods from five regions of China were determined. • Free, esterified and bound phenolic acids were determined. • The dietary intake of food refers to the data of 2009–2013 and 2002. Phenolic acids have been reported to have many biological activities, but daily intake information is scarce. In this study, the phenolic acid contents of 116 commonly consumed food in five regions of China (Beijing, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Chongqing and Guangzhou) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and dietary intakes estimated. Tea had the highest total phenolic acids (TPA) content in all regions investigated. Phenolic acids were in esterified and bound forms, and hydroxycinnamic acids accounted for more than half of TPA content, except in tea and legumes. Average TPA intake was 193.50 mg/ day at the national level but ranged from 157.09 to 263.01 mg/ day among the regions. Rice, tea, and fruits were the main contributors to dietary intakes of TPA. Also, TPA intake in the period 2009–2013 increased 31.65 mg/ day compared with 2002, largely due to increased intakes of fruits, vegetables, and legumes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various phytochemicals have been reported to protect against oxidative stress. However, the mechanism underlying has not been systematically evaluated, which limited their application in disease treatment. Nuclear factor erythroid 2−related factor 2 (Nrf2), a central transcription factor in oxidative stress response related to numerous diseases, is activated after dissociating from the cytoskeleton−anchored Kelch−like ECH−associated protein 1 (Keap1). The Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction has become an important drug target. This study was designed to clarify whether antioxidantive phytochemicals inhibit the Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction and activate the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway efficiently. Molecular docking and 3D−QSAR were applied to evaluate the interaction effects between 178 antioxidant phytochemicals and the Nrf2 binding site in Keap1. The Nrf2 activation effect was tested on a H 2 O 2 −induced oxidative−injured cell model. Results showed that the 178 phytochemicals could be divided into high−, medium−, and low−total−score groups depending on their binding affinity with Keap1, and the high−total−score group consisted of 24 compounds with abundant oxygen or glycosides. Meanwhile, these compounds could bind with key amino acids in the structure of the Keap1−Nrf2 interface. Compounds from high−total−score group show effective activation effects on Nrf2. In conclusion, phytochemicals showed high binding affinity with Keap1 are promising new Nrf2 activators. • 178 phytochemicals were collected and the Keap1-binding-affinity was estimated. • 24 compounds with high Keap1-binding-affinity was obtained. • Compounds with high Keap1-binding-affinity effectively activated Nrf2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]