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Background: The characteristics are still unclear due to lack of systematic research on patients with myocardial infarction non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) in China. This study aimed to explore the clinical and imaging features of MINOCA patients. Methods: The patients who were diagnosed as suspected MI were studied. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was performed after coronary angiography or coronary computed tomographic angiography examination within one week. Myocardial infarction (MI) was determined by late gadolinium enhancement CMR.The patients with MI were divided into MINOCA and MICAD group according to whether the degree of coronary stenosis was greater than 50%. Cardiac function and imaging characteristics between the two groups were analyzed. Results: 21 patients with MINOCA and 30 patients with myocardial infarction with obstructive coronary artery disease (MICAD) were analyzed. MINOCA patients were younger, and the electrocardiogram was commonly featured by non-ST-elevation. The parameters of left ventricular function were significantly different between the two groups including left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output, myocardial mass, and peak ejection rate (P < 0.05). Besides, MINOCA patients had smaller area of MI, less score of transmural extent, fewer involved segments. Furthermore, the transmural extent of MI in MINOCA patients was mainly grade I, that is, most of them were subendocardial MI, which was significantly negatively correlated with the amount of first-pass perfusion. Conclusions: The clinical characteristics combined with imaging features of CMR may be effective to evaluate the cardiac function in order to make clinical decision for MINOCA patients in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self‐protective carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with advantageous crosslinked nano‐structures have attracted considerable attention in metal‐free room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials, whereas their RTP emissions are still limited to short wavelength. Expanding their RTP emissions to Near‐Infrared (NIR) range is attractive but suffers from the difficulties in constructing narrow energy levels and inhibiting intense non‐radiative decay. Herein, a crosslink‐enhanced emission (CEE)‐dominated construction strategy was proposed, achieving desired NIR RTP (710 nm) in self‐protective CPDs for the first time. Structural factors, i.e. crosslinking (covalent‐bond CEE), conjugation (conjugated amine with bridging N−H and C=C group), and steric hindrance (confined‐domain CEE), were confirmed indispensable for triggering NIR RTP emission in CPDs. Contrast experiments and theoretical calculations further revealed the rationality of the design strategy originating from CEE in terms of promoting the narrow energy level emission of triplet excitons and inhibiting the non‐radiative quenching. This work not only firstly achieves NIR RTP in self‐protective CPDs but also helps understand the origin of NIR RTP to further guide the synthesis of diverse CPDs with efficient long‐wavelength RTP emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self‐protective carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with advantageous crosslinked nano‐structures have attracted considerable attention in metal‐free room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials, whereas their RTP emissions are still limited to short wavelength. Expanding their RTP emissions to Near‐Infrared (NIR) range is attractive but suffers from the difficulties in constructing narrow energy levels and inhibiting intense non‐radiative decay. Herein, a crosslink‐enhanced emission (CEE)‐dominated construction strategy was proposed, achieving desired NIR RTP (710 nm) in self‐protective CPDs for the first time. Structural factors, i.e. crosslinking (covalent‐bond CEE), conjugation (conjugated amine with bridging N−H and C=C group), and steric hindrance (confined‐domain CEE), were confirmed indispensable for triggering NIR RTP emission in CPDs. Contrast experiments and theoretical calculations further revealed the rationality of the design strategy originating from CEE in terms of promoting the narrow energy level emission of triplet excitons and inhibiting the non‐radiative quenching. This work not only firstly achieves NIR RTP in self‐protective CPDs but also helps understand the origin of NIR RTP to further guide the synthesis of diverse CPDs with efficient long‐wavelength RTP emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Correlation between myocardial infarction (MI) scar by cardiac magnetic resonance and the Lown's classification of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the MI scar characteristics by delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) and the Lown's classification of VPBs. METHODS: Sixty-five patients, in the convalescence stage and consolidation phase of MI, were included in this retrospective study. All patient were divided into VPBs group (n = 39) and non-VPBs group (n = 26 patients) according to the clinical diagnostic criteria of Universal Definition of MI scar. VPBs patients were assigned to Lown's I-II group and Lown's III-IV subgroup in accordance with the Lown classification criteria. Cardiac function parameters and MI scar characteristics were detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and DE-MRI, respectively. RESULTS: Lown's classification was negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak ejection rate (PER) and peak filling rate (PFR) (–0.724, –0.628, –0.559), and positively correlated with MI area, MI integral, MI segments number and left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) (0.673, 0.655, 0.586, and 0.514), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicated that MI area and MI integral were strongly associated with Lown's classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Pulmonary fibrosis is a type of chronic lung disease and has characteristics that progress quickly, has a high fatality rate and a poor therapeutic effect. Our previous research showed that interleukin-27(IL-27) potentially attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but the function of IL-27 in lung fibroblasts (LFs) differentiation pulmonary fibrosis is yet to be known. Main methods Here we investigated the effect of IL-27 on the proliferation, differentiation and collagen synthesis of lung fibroblasts induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)using MTT, bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) staining, real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR), Western blot, cell cycle FACS assay and immunofluorescence. We also examined the expression of the JAK/STAT and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway of IL-27 in lung fibroblasts. Key findings TGF-β1 treated lung fibroblasts showed significantly increased proliferation, differentiation and collagen synthesis as well as overactivated JAK/STAT and TGF-β1/Smad signaling. However, the presence of IL-27 weakened these effects and obviously inactivated the JAK/STAT and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways. Significance Our results indicate that IL-27 may play an anti-fibrotic role in the development, differentiation and collagen synthesis in lung fibroblasts. These data also may provide a target gene therapy method in treating pulmonary fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endometriosis mainly occurs in female pelvic organs. Endometriosis in the kidney is extremely rare. Case presentation: We herein describe a case of a 19-year-old girl with occasional mild abdominal pain associated with an ectopic left kidney. SPECT-CT showed no abnormal radioactive distribution in the left pelvis, suggesting loss of function of the ectopic kidney. Laparoscopic left ectopic kidney resection was subsequently performed. Histopathology revealed endometriosis of the ectopic left kidney. Conclusions: In female patients with clinical manifestations of abdominal pain and gross hematuria, the possibility of renal endometriosis should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The prevalence of coronary artery fistula (CAF) based on coronary angiography has been reported. However, with the popularity of coronary computerized tomography angiography (CTA), CAFs have been found more and more by chance. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of CAFs detected by coronary CTA, and to explore the differences in the size of fistulas, the number of complicated aneurysms, and fistulas among different types. Materials and Methods: From January 2016 to December 2020, 96,037 patients underwent coronary CTA in our hospital. The prevalence of CAF was retrospectively evaluated, The origin, course, and drainage site of CAF and coexisting abnormalities were analysed. The conventional treatments and follow‐up DSCT images were also evaluated. Analyze the difference between the coronary‐pulmonary artery fistula (CPAFs) group (380) and the coronary‐cameral fistula (CCF) group (99). Results: Among 96,037 patients, 482 (0.5%) patients (male 232 and 250 female) had CAF. The types of CAF detected. The pulmonary artery was the most common site of drainage (380/482, 78.8%). Of the 99 CCFs, coronary to the left ventricle is the most common pattern in CCF (34/482, 7.0%). Single origins are more common in CAF (n = 361, 74.9%), multiple origins are more common in CPAFs than in CCF. There were statistically significant differences in the stoma diameter (2.4 ± 1.1 mm vs. 5.4 ± 4.3 mm p <.05), aneurysm complicated (85 cases [85/380] vs. 50 cases [50/99]), the size of aneurysm (8.8 ± 5.7 mm vs. 19.1 ± 11.6 mm, p <.05), and single fistula (261 [261/380] vs. 96 [96/99], p <.05). Most of the 380 CPAFs patients received conservative treatment (350/380, 92.1%), While the 59 CCF patients (59/93, 63.4%) were treated. Conclusions: Different from previous reports, the prevalence of CAF in coronary CTA is 0.5%, the incidence of CPAFs is the highest, and the incidence of the left ventricular fistula is higher in CCF. Compared with CPAFs, CCF fistulas were more likely to be associated with a larger diameter of draining, larger aneurysms, single fistula pattern. Coronary artery CTA is a useful and noninvasive imaging method to detect CAF, which is of great significance for the detection of small fistulas and the surgical guidance of complex CAF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicting cardiovascular disease has been a challenging task, as assessing samples based on a single view of information may be insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we focus on the challenge of predicting cardiovascular disease using multi-view cardiac data. However, multi-view cardiac data is usually difficult to collect and label. Based on this motivation, learning an effective predictive model on sample-efficient and label-efficient multi-view cardiac data is urgently needed. To address the aforementioned issues, we propose a multi-view learning method: (i) our method utilizes graph learning to establish and extract relationships between data, enabling learning from a small number of labeled data and a small number of samples; (ii) our method integrates features from multiple views to utilize complementary information in the data; (iii) for data without a provided graph of relationships between samples, we utilize the mechanism of transformers to learn the relationships between samples in a data-driven manner. We validate the effectiveness of our method on real heart disease datasets. • Our method considers multi-view cardiac data to provide comprehensive and accurate information for diagnosis. • Our method overcomes the limitations of sample-efficient and label-efficient data. • Our method captures global relationships between subjects and achieves high diagnostic accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a novel metric, entropy generated from late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can be utilized to assess tissue heterogeneity. However, it is unknown if it can be utilized for risk stratification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In addition, it is unknown if LGE entropy correlates with LGE mass%, which is commonly utilized for fibrosis assessment. This research was done to investigate these issues. Patients with HCM who underwent 3.0-T CMR between January 2015 and January 2020 were prospectively enrolled and classified into low- and high-risk groups according to the AHA/ACC risk stratification guideline for 2020. The LGE entropy was automatically estimated using a generic Python package algorithm. On CMR imaging, the LGE mass% was determined using the CVI 42 software. Endpoint events included sudden cardiac death (SCD), hospital readmission owing to heart failure, and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) treatment for ventricular arrhythmias. A total of 109 HCM participants (70 males) were included. During the follow-up (23 ± 7 months), the patients in the high-risk group had higher LGE entropy (p < 0.001) and LGE mass% (p < 0.001) than those in the low-risk group, and patients with endpoint events had higher LGE entropy (p < 0.001) and LGE mass% (p < 0.001) than those without endpoint events. In all participants, there was a link between LGE entropy and LGE mass%, according to the Spearman rank correlation analysis (p < 0.001; r = 0.667). In ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of LGE entropy was 0.893 (95% CI, 0.794–0.993; P<0.001), AUC of LGE mass% was 0.826 (95% CI, 0.737–0.914; P<0.001), AUC of LVEF was 0.610 (95% CI, 0.473–0.748; P = 0.117) and AUC of 2020 AHA/ACC guideline for risk stratification was 0.716 (95% CI, 0.617–0.815; P = 0.002). According to Kaplan-Meier curves, HCM with a higher LGE entropy (≥cutoff value (<5.873) or ≥ thied tertile (5.540)) were more likely to experience the endpoint events. Following adjustment for the 2020 AHA/ACC guideline for risk categorization, LGE mass%, or decreased LVEF, Cox analysis showed that LGE entropy was independently linked with endpoint events. The variability and extent of LGE pictures can be reflected by LGE entropy, which is a reliable, usable, and repeatable metric for risk classification in HCM. It is a prognostic indicator of endpoint events that is independent of other risk indicators. • This research analyse late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) entropy, a novel metric generated from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and can menifest tissue heterogeneity. • The variability and extent of LGE pictures can be reflected by LGE entropy, which is a reliable, usable, and repeatable metric for risk classification in HCM. • According to the results, LGE entropy is correlated with LGE mass%, indicating that it is a good indicator of LGE extent. The probability of heterogeneous distribution of fibrosis would grow as cardiac fibrosis progressed, increasing entropy. • This research proved that entropy can be utilized for risk stratification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). And it is a prognostic indicator of endpoint events that is independent of other risk indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strategy to optimize relief hole positions is proposed to enhance the effectiveness of tunnel blasting in rock breaking. This study employed two predefined arithmetic progressions to coordinate the distribution of rock-breaking areas and hole-bottom minimum burdens allocated to each row of holes. Iterative calculations were performed to determine the final position of each row of holes. To determine the optimal drilling scheme, modeling and simulation were conducted using a finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics (FEM-SPH) coupling algorithm. This approach allowed for a comparison of the rock-breaking effects of relief holes under different constraint combinations. This study indicates that the displacement of rock particles varies in different depth zones. The largest displacements of the rock particles were observed in the middle of the charge section. For a conventional working face with a width of 12.2 m and a designed advance of 3 m, the rock-breaking efficiency is optimal when the two control ratios, r A and r W , are 1.5 and 1.4, respectively. This study advances the underground blasting design technology and contributes to energy reduction and efficiency improvements in blasting engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proportion of abnormal electrocardiogra (ECG) in patients with coronary artery fistula (CAF) is relatively high, but the correlation between CAF and arrhythmia is mostly reported in individual case studies. This paper analyzes the correlation between imaging features and ECG features. This paper aims to analyze the incidence and distribution characteristics of abnormal ECG in patients with CAF and further explore the difference in ECG characteristics between coronary-cameral fistula (CCF) and coronary-pulmonary artery fistula (CPAF). A total of 144,448 patients who underwent coronary computerized tomography angiography (CTA) examination from January 2016 to December 2022 were included in this study, and 284 patients with CAF (excluding coronary atherosclerosis) were selected for analysis of their ECG and image characteristics. And divided them into the CPAF (221 cases) and CCF (63 cases) groups, the differences in ECG between the two groups was compared. The changes in the ECG after the operation were analyzed. The incidence of abnormal ECG in patients with CAF was approximately 72.9%. There were significant differences in the proportion of ECG block, myocardial ischemia and structural ECG changes between the CPAF group and CCF group (P < 0.05). CCF was more likely to cause conduction block and ischemic and structural ECG changes. A total of 53 patients with CAF underwent surgical treatment, 28 patients with improved ECG (52%). CCF especially CCF patients often have abnormal ECG findings such as conduction block, myocardial ischemia, and structural changes, which can often be restored to normal through surgery. • Our Hospital is a specialized heart hospital with abundant and large number of disease sources. This is the first large-scale analysis of ECG characteristics in patients with coronary artery fistula. • Most patients with coronary fistula may have electrocardiogram abnormalities. Detection of abnormal electrocardiogram and timely imaging investigation is helpful for early diagnosis of coronary artery fistula. Coronary artery CTA has obvious advantage in the evaluation of coronary fistula. • Previous literature at home and abroad mainly preliminarily counted the proportion of abnormal ECG or various arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery fistula, but did not specifically analyze the correlation between the causes of arrhythmia and coronary artery fistula. The correlation between coronary artery fistula and arrhythmia is only a case report. • The purpose of this topic is to conduct a preliminary study on the ECG distribution characteristics of patients with coronary artery fistula, and further explore the correlation between the imaging characteristics and ECG characteristics of patients with coronary artery fistula. The gaps in the ECG characteristics of coronary fistulas may be filled, and more precise clinical guidelines may be needed for the surgical treatment of coronary fistulas, especially for small coronary fistulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]