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Shell-model calculations are performed for even-even, odd-mass, and doubly-odd nuclei of Sn, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs, and Ba isotopes around mass 130 using the single-particle space made up of valence nucleons occupying the Og7/2, 1d5/2, 2s1/2, Oh11/2, and 1d3/2 orbitals . The calculated energies and electromagnetic transitions are compared with the experimental data. In addition, several typical isomers in this region are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electric dipole moments for the lowest 1 /2+ states of Xe and Ba isotopes are calculated in terms of the nuclear shell model, which includes two-body nucleón interactions violating parity and time-reversal invariance. Using the wave functions thus obtained, the nuclear electric dipole moments arising from the intrinsic nucleón electric dipole moments and also from asymmetric charge distribution are calculated. The upper limits for the nuclear electric dipole moments of Xe and Ba isotopes are estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electric dipole moment of a neutral atom is mainly induced by the nuclear Schiff moment. The nuclear wave functions beyond'mean-field theories are calculated in terms of the nuclear shell model, which contains two-body interactions violating parity and time-reversal invariance. Using wave functions thus obtained the Schiff moments for the lowest l/2+ states of Xe isotopes are calculated. The upper limit for the electric dipole moment of the 129Xe neutral atom is estimated using its nuclear Schiff moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple model is applied to the yrast and yrare states based on the ν h 11/2 ⊗ π h 11/2 configuration in the doubly-odd nuclei around the mass 130. In the model, the basis state is constructed by one neutron and one proton both in the 0 h 11/2 orbital, and by the collective core which couples with the two particles through a quadrupole interaction. The model reproduces quite well the overall energy levels and the electromagnetic transitions. The analysis of the yrast and yrare states reveals that the angular-momentum configuration of the neutron and the proton in the yrast states is different from that in the yrare states, when the two particles are weakly coupled with the quadrupole collective excitations of the core. The strong even-odd staggering of the ratios B( M1; I → I - 1)/ B( E2; I → I - 2) for the yrast states is described by the chopsticks-like motion of two angular momenta of the neutron and the proton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nuclear structure of doublet bands in doubly odd nuclei with mass A ∼ 130 is investigated within the framework of a simple model where the even-even core couples with a neutron and a proton in intruder orbitals through a quadrupole-quadrupole interaction. The model reproduces quite well the energy levels of doublet bands and electromagnetic transitions. The staggering of the ratios B( M1; I → I - 1)/ B( E2; I → I - 2) of the yrast bands turns out to be described by the chopsticks-like motion of two angular momenta of the unpaired neutron and the unpaired proton when they are weakly coupled with the core.-1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kinetics of conformational change of a semiflexible polymer under mechanical external field were investigated with Langevin dynamics simulations. It is found that a semiflexible polymer exhibits large hysteresis in mechanical folding/unfolding cycle even with a slow operation, whereas in a flexible polymer, the hysteresis almost disappears at a sufficiently slow operation. This suggests that the essential features of the structural transition of a semiflexible polymer should be interpreted at least on a two-dimensional phase space. The appearance of such large hysteresis is discussed in relation to different pathways in the loading and unloading processes. By using a minimal two-variable model, the hysteresis loop is described in terms of different pathways on the transition between two stable states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the knowledge of multiple wh-questions such as Who ate what? by high-proficiency non-native speakers of English whose first language is Japanese. Japanese grammar is known to license a wider range of such questions than English - who came why, for example - although the precise theoretical account is not yet clear. Acceptability judgements were obtained on 6 different types of such questions. Acceptability of English examples was rated by native speakers of English, Japanese examples were judged by native speakers of Japanese, and the English examples were judged by high-proficiency Japanese speakers of English. The results for native speakers judging their own language were generally in accord with expectations. The high-level non-native speakers of English were significantly different from native speakers in their ratings of these sentences. However, the ratings were clearly not simply the result of transfer. The consequences of this finding for theories of Universal Grammar (UG) in second language acquisition (SLA) are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model is proposed for a description of the octupole vibrational states based on the nuclear shell model. In this model, a one-octupole-phonon representing the collective octupole vibration across the magic core is introduced onto the shell-model states that are microscopically calculated within the valence nucleon space. With this model, a unified description is now possible for the pure shell-model states made by valence nucleons, and the octupole-phonon states excited on the shell-model states. The model is applied to various nuclei around the 208Pb nucleus. Energy levels and electric octupole transition probabilities are well reproduced for both the pure shell-model states and the octupole vibrational states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) for the 0νββ decays from 130Te to 130Xe and from 136Xe to 136Ba are calculated in the nuclear shell model. In order to investigate the model dependence on the NMEs, pair-truncated shell-model calculations are also performed. It is found that the NMEs are sensitive to the ground-state correlations. In particular, the isovector monopole-pairing interactions largely affect the NMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study self-propelled dynamics of a droplet due to a Marangoni effect and chemical reactions in a binary fluid with a dilute third component of chemical product which affects the interfacial energy of a droplet. The equation for the migration velocity of the center of mass of a droplet is derived in the limit of an infinitesimally thin interface. We found that there is a bifurcation from a motionless state to a propagating state of droplet by changing the strength of the Marangoni effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of the permanent electric dipole moment of a fundamental particle implies violation of time reversal invariance. The electric dipole moment of a diamagnetic neutral atom is mainly induced by the nuclear Schiff moment. In this study the Schiff moments induced by the interaction which violates parity and time reversal invariance are calculated for various Xe isotopes using the shell-model wave functions. The contributions to the Schiff moment from one-particle and one-hole excitations turn out to be very different from orbital to orbital. It is also found that the contributions from the core excitations are larger than other particle-hole contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented regarding the successful response of a 60-year-old patient to a relapsed follicular lymphoma to Interferon ( IFN)-alpha (IFN- α) treatment after undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT).

The doubly-odd nucleus 136La is theoretically studied in terms of a large-scale shell model. The energy spectrum and transition rates are calculated and compared with the most updated experimental data. The isomerism is investigated for the first 14+ state, which was found to be an isomer in the previous study [Phys. Rev. C 91, 054305 (2015)]. It is found that the 14+ state becomes an isomer due to a band crossing of two bands with completely different configurations. The yrast band with the (νh-111/2⊗πh11/2) configuration is investigated, revealing a staggering nature in M1 transition rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction to the article "Nuclear Schiff moments for the lowest 1/2+ states in Xe isotopes" that was published in a 2014 issue is presented.

A correction to the article A correction to the article on doublet bands which was published online in March 29, 2007.

We study the baryon-quark phase transition in the molecular dynamics (MD) of the quark degrees of freedom at finite baryon density. The baryon state at low baryon density, and the deconfined quark state at high baryon density are reproduced. We investigate the equations of state of matters with different u- d- s compositions. It is found that the baryon-quark transition is sensitive to the quark width. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ground states of all even–even nuclei have angular momentum, I, equal to zero, , and positive parity, . This feature was believed to be a consequence of the attractive short-range interaction between nucleons. However, in the presence of two-body random interactions, the predominance of ground states (0 g.s.) was found to be robust both for bosons and for an even number of fermions. For simple systems, such as d bosons, sp bosons, sd bosons, and a few fermions in single- shells for small , there are a few approaches to predict and/or explain spin I ground state (I g.s.) probabilities. An empirical approach to predict I g.s. probabilities is available for general cases, such as fermions in a single- () or many- shells and various boson systems, but a more fundamental understanding of the robustness of 0 g.s. dominance is still out of reach. Further interesting results are also reviewed concerning other robust phenomena of many-body systems in the presence of random two-body interactions, such as the odd–even staggering of binding energies, generic collectivity, the behavior of average energies, correlations, and regularities of many-body systems interacting by a displaced two-body random ensemble. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Stainless steels were cold rolled to 92% reduction. The microstructure developed in a stable austenitic stainless steel was complicated heterogeneous nanostructure composed of lamellar-twin domains, shear bands and low-angle lamellar boundaries. Cold-rolled duplex stainless steel, however, exhibited more complicated and mixed microstructure where ferritic lamellar and the heterogeneous nanostructure of austenite were alternatively stacked. The heavily cold-rolled stainless steels followed by ageing exhibited marvelous high tensile strength over 2.6 GPa perpendicular to the rolling direction, although around 2 GPa along the rolling direction. Even while such high strength, moderate plastic elongation over 5% was attained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the nuclear Schiff moments of 129Xe and 199Hg induced by the nucleon electric dipole moment using large-scale shell model calculations. For 129Xe, we find a linear relation between the leading-order contribution and magnetic moment, which would be useful in reducing the theoretical uncertainty. The conventional model space does not contain the 0 g 9 / 2 and 0 h 9 / 2 orbitals, which are connected to the spin-orbit partners by large matrix elements. Thus, to evaluate the influence of the relevant single-particle orbitals outside the conventional model space, we apply the quasiparticle vacua shell model method. Moreover, the next-to-leading-order contribution arises from parity and time-reversal violation in the nucleus. We demonstrate that these secondary effects do not induce any significant disturbance to the correlation. Additionally, we report the shell model results for the nuclear Schiff moment coefficients of 199Hg. Compared to previous studies, the results obtained in this study are rather large, indicating a higher sensitivity to the neutron electric dipole moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large-scale shell-model calculations are performed for even-even, odd-mass, and doubly odd nuclei of Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn, and Fr isotopes in the neutron deficit region (Z≥82,N≤126) assuming 208Pb as a doubly magic core. All the six single-particle orbitals between the magic numbers 82 and 126, namely, 0h9/2,1f7/2,0i13/2,2p3/2,1f5/2, and 2p1/2, are considered. For a phenomenological effective two-body interaction, one set of the monopole pairing and quadrupole-quadrupole interactions including the multipole-pairing interactions is adopted for all the nuclei considered. The calculated energies and electromagnetic properties are compared with the experimental data. Furthermore, many isomeric states are analyzed in terms of the shell-model configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maize seedlings emit sesquiterpenes during the day in response to insect herbivory. Parasitoids and predators use induced volatile blends to find their hosts or prey. To investigate the diurnal regulation of biosynthesis and emission of induced sesquiterpenes, we applied linolenoyl- L-glutamine ( LG) to maize seedlings in the morning or evening using a cut-stem assay and tracked farnesene emission, in planta accumulation, as well as transcript levels of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 3 ( Z m FPPS 3) and terpene synthase10 ( Z m TPS 10) throughout the following day. Independent of time of day of LG treatment, maximum transcript levels of Z m FPPS 3 and Z m TPS 10 occurred within 3-4 h after elicitor application. The similarity between the patterns of farnesene emission and in planta accumulation in light-exposed seedlings in both time courses suggested unobstructed emission in the light. After evening induction, farnesene biosynthesis increased dramatically during early morning hours. Contrary to light-exposed seedlings dark-kept seedlings retained the majority of the synthesized farnesene. Two treatments to reduce stomatal aperture, dark exposure at midday, and abscisic acid treatment before daybreak, resulted in significantly reduced amounts of emitted and significantly increased amounts of in planta accumulating farnesene. Our results suggest that stomata not only play an important role in gas exchange for primary metabolism but also for indirect plant defences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pancreatic β cell-derived vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) contributes to normal β cell function. We therefore hypothesized that non-β cell-derived VEGF-A may affect its properties in adult mice. Methods: We generated transgenic mice expressing human VEGF-A (hVEGF-A) in a visceral smooth muscle cell (SMC)-dominant manner under the control of the transgelin ( Tagln / SM22α ) promoter via a tamoxifen-induced Cre/loxP recombination system (SM-CreERT2 /hVEGF mice). SM-CreERT2 /hVEGF mice received tamoxifen orally followed by microscopic examination of their pancreas 4 weeks after the hVEGF-A induction. The number of clusters of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in islets, pancreatic ducts, and individual IPCs were counted. Results: The number of small IPC clusters (100-215 μm2 ) in the pancreas increased significantly in SM-CreERT2 /hVEGF mice compared with SM-CreERT2 (Ki) mice (473 out of 1 992 counts vs. 199 out of 976 counts, p < 0.05), although total IPC area and the number of pancreatic duct IPCs, in proportion to exocrine area, were similar between the 2 groups. Although most small IPC clusters observed in SM-CreERT2 / hVEGF mice were not accompanied by α and/or δ cells, some were attached to a single or a few α cells. An STZ-induced diabetic state in SMCreERT2 /hVEGF mice was slightly ameliorated, with only one point of significance 12 weeks after STZ administration, compared with SMCreERT2 (Ki) mice. Conclusion: Upregulation of non-β cell-derived VEGF-A may alter the composition of pancreatic IPCs by increasing the number of small IPC clusters. These findings provide new information on the role of non-β cell-derived VEGF-A to IPC regeneration and insulin production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited information is currently known on medium- and higher-spin states for 135Cs, a neutron-rich nucleus amenable to shell-model calculations due to its proximity to the shell closures in 132Sn. In order to extend the level structure of 135Cs to higher excitations, this nucleus was studied via prompt y- ray spectroscopy of fragments following the fission of the compound nucleus 226Th formed in the 18O (91 MeV) + 208Pb fusion-fission reaction. Medium-spin states up to spin (23/2) and ~3.3 MeV excitation energy have been established. The observed states were compared with those in the neighboring N = 82137Cs nucleus, as well as with states in the neighboring N = 80 isotones. The coupling of the odd proton occupying the g7/2 orbital to the yrast states in the 134Xe and 136Ba cores could account for the lower excited states of 135Cs. The experimental results are compared with predictions from shell-model calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study extrapolation approaches to evaluate energies of low-lying states for nuclei in the sd and pf shells, by sorting the diagonal matrix elements of the nuclear shell-model Hamiltonian. We introduce an extrapolation method with perturbation and apply our new method to predict both low-lying state energies and E2 transition rates between low-lying states. Our predicted results arrive at an accuracy of the root-mean-squared deviations ∼40-60 keV for low-lying states of these nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A carbon steel containing dispersed fine voids, with diameters in the range of 3–5μm, was deformed in compression at temperatures between 1063K and 1153K and at true strain rates from 4.2×10−5 s−1 to 4.2×10−3 s−1. The deformation behavior did not differ much from that of a carbon steel without voids. The maximum stress and the corresponding maximum strain increased in the presence of a dispersion of voids, and, as a consequence the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was also slightly delayed. Furthermore, the yield stress and the steady-state stress increased by about 10%. The shape and distribution of voids changed depending upon strain, strain rate and temperature. With decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature, the aspect ratio of the voids decreased. These observed effect of voids on high temperature deformation behavior and the void shape change during deformation are discussed in relation with such mechanisms as DRX, grain boundary migration, grain boundary sliding and relaxation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The generator coordinate method (GCM) with triaxial angular monetum projection is applied to a single j-shell model with a microscopic quadrupole-quadrupole interaction. It is confirmed that the GCM reproduces exactly the shell model level schemes of the excited states for the 4-hole (and also 4-particle) systems in the single j-shell model. It is shown that the triaxial angular momentum projection plays an essential role in taking account of large contributions from triaxially deformed configurations to the physical states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large-scale shell-model calculations are performed for even-even, odd-mass, and doubly odd nuclei of Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn, and Fr isotopes in the neutron rich region (N>126) assuming 208Pb as a doubly magic core. Seven orbitals above the magic number 126, the 1g9/2, 0i11/2, 0j15/2, 2d5/2, 3s1/2, 1g7/2, and 2d3/2 orbitals, are considered for neutrons and all the six orbitals between the magic numbers 82 and 126, the 0h9/2, 1f7/2, 0i13/2, 2p3/2, 1f5/2, and 2p1/2 orbitals, are considered for protons. For a phenomenological effective two-body interaction, one set of the monopole-pairing, quadrupole-quadrupole, and multipole-pairing interactions is adopted for all the nuclei considered. The calculated energies and electromagnetic properties are compared with the experimental data. Many isomeric states are analyzed in terms of the shell-model configurations. The spins and parities of some experimentally ambiguous states are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]